Information On Architecture and Engineering - v2017-500

CREDIT TO THE OWNER – Unknown
Shared to Leandro Locsin Group 2018 - SPLBE
INFORMATION ON ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING_V2017-500
ID Questions Question Image
1 History Of Architecture
Cultural Center of the Philippines

Leandro Locsin
Philippine International Convention Center

Leandro Locsin
Saint Andrew Apostle Parish
Ar. Leandro Locsin
4 Building Technology
CHB Laying-
Vernacular Term: Asintada
Scaffolding
Vernacular term- Plancha/Andamiyo
6 Utilities
Service Entrance CAP
Pantry
Vernacular Term- Despensa
Vernacular Terms
Window Sill-Pasamano
Window Head- Sumbrero
9 "Building Technology"
Eave
Vernacular Term-Sibe
Truss-
Vernacular Term- Kilo
Ceiling Joist- Kostilyahe

Horizontal Stud- Pabalagbag
Vertical Stud- Pilarete
Handrail-Gabay
Window Type-Awning
Plastering/Stucco-Palitada
Corrugated G. I Sheet-
Vernacular term- Hiero Kanalado
16 "Utilities"
Angle Valve
Panel Door
Vernacular term- De Bandeha
Window type-Sliding
Earth Fill
Vernacular term-Escombo
20 "Utilities"
Flexible hose
Concrete Slab-Larga Masa
Flooring- Suelo
Putty
Vernacular term-Masilya
Metal Work
Vernacular term- Suban/ Poleva
24 "Utilities"
Kitchen Sink
Vernacular Term-Prigadero
25 "Utilities" Plumbing
*Vernacular term
Lavatory-Lababo
Water Closet-Inodoro
Shower Head- Ducha
*Type of Bath-(3/4 Bath)
Fasia Board
Vernacular term-Senepa
27 "History of Architecture"
Saint Andrew Apostle Parish

Interior View-Modern Architecture
28 "Theory of Architecture"Color wheel
Puregold Supermaket- Analogous Color

Green, Yellow Green, & Yellow
29 "Utilities"
Bollards-Separator of Sidewalk and

Carriage-way
30 "Utilities"
ACCU- Air Cooled Condensing Unit
31 "Utilities"
Type of Luminaire-Pendant light, Low Bay
32 "Utilities"
2 Gang Switch
33 "Utilities"
Overhead Door Closer
Manila Cathedral
Ar. Fernando Ocampo
Manila Cathedral-Interior View

Romanesque Revival Architecture
36 "Utilities"
Acoustic Board-Commercial size 2' x 4'
37 "Utilities"
Air Outlet Type

Grill Aluminum profile
Manila Metropolitan Theater

Philippine Art Deco
Ar. Juan Arellano
Times Theater
Ar.Luiz Araneta
40 "Utilities"
AHU- Air Handling Unit (Window Type)

41 "Utilities" Type of Luminaire
2-40Watts Surface Mounted Troffer Light
Down spout
Vernacular term- Tubo De Banada
43 "Building Technology"/ Vernacular Term
Bolt- Pierno
Washer- Pitsa
Nut- Truerka
Floor Joist
Vernacular term- Soleras
Gutter- Alulod
Hall
Vernacular term- Caida
47 "Utilities"
Type of luminaire- Ceiling Mounted Down

Light
48 "Theory of Architecture" Color Wheel
Eurotel Building
Complementary Color- Green & Red
Standpipe with Siamese Connection
50 "Utilities"
Escalator
Skirt Brush
51 "Utilities"
Type of Luminaire-Floor Light
52 "Utilities"Signal System
Wi-fi Booster/Extender
Rivet
Vernacular term- Rimatse
Manila Central Post Office Building

Ar.Juan Arellano
Neoclassical Architecture style
Manila City Hall

Ar. Antonio Toledo
neoclassical style
56 "Theory of Architecture" Color Wheel
MINISTOP Signage/Logo
Triadic Colors- Blue, Red & Yellow
57 "Utilities"
Fire Code/Plumbing
Wet Standpipe Outlet-
Location near at Staircase in each floor of
the building
58 "Utilities"
Electrical
THHN/THWN Wire
#12- 3.5mm2 (150meters/Box)
59 "Utilities"
Electrical
THHN/THWN Wire
#10 - 5.5mm2 (150meters/box)
60 "Utilities"
Fan Coil Unit- 4 way Cassette (Ceiling

Mounted)
61 "Utilities"
Electrical
Splicing Gutter Box
Baseboard (Painted)
Vernacular term- Rodapis
63 "Building Technology" Hardware
Cylindrical Lock & Dead Bolt

It can purchase by one set that have same
key
64 "Urban Planning"
Rizal Park (Luneta Park)

*Consider as Landmark in Manila
City Planned by Daniel Burnham
65 "Utilities" Lighting
Type of Luminaire- Lantern

66 "Building Technology" Equipment
Tower Crane
67 "Theory of Architecture"
Spatial Relationship
Lrt & Mrt Stations-A Good example of
(Spaces Linked by a Common space)
68 "Urban Planning"
"Urban Planning"
Quirino Grandstand- One of example of
(Robustness)Can be used for many
different purposes #JesusSaves
Pile Driver- Used to driven piles into soil to

provide foundation support of the building
70 "Utilities" Plumbing/ Fire Code
Fire Hydrant
71 "Theory of Architecture & History of Architecture"
National Museum of Anthropology

Classified as Masculine architecture
72 "Utilities" Electrical
Out Door Transformer- Cluster mounted on

a single pole
Pailou-Chinese Memorial Archway Edifice

at Chinese Garden Luneta park
Keystone- Wedge shape stone piece at the

Apex of masonry Arch at Supreme Court
Steel Cladding- To provide layer intended

to control the infiltration of weather
elements or for aesthetic purposes.
Sample at the UST Building
Sto. Domingo Church

Ar. Jose Maria Zaragoza
Polyethylene sheet & Anti termite- Use to

prevent pest
78 "Building technology" Equipment
Blow Torch- Use for bending PolyVinyl

Chloride (PVC) Pipe
Sand and Gravel

Vernacular Term- Latillas
Equipment & Concrete Mixture

Concrete Bagger Mixer
Class A Concrete Mixture 1:2:4 for Footing,

Pier, Columns, Girders,Beams, Joist and
Slab
Class B Concrete Mixture 1: 2.5: 5 for Slab

on Fill and non-load bearing wall (4"CHB)
Epoxy Primer- Kind of paint that have anti-

corrosive/Oxidation protection for metal
surfaces
Estimate
Tile Grout-
One kilo per 8 sqm. if (.30m X .30m tiles)
83 "Structural Conceptualization & Building Technology"
*Crescent Truss design at the Rizar Park

Open Air Auditorium
84 "Utilities" Internet Hardware
"Utilities" Internet Hardware
Junction Box
Type- Non metallic
Form- Octagon
Use- As Connection of Conduit and As
Pullbox
86 "Utilities" Fire Alarm System
Manual system-Uses visual detection and

the alarm is triggered by hand
87 "Utilities" Plumbing Fittings
Elbow 90° Bend Sanitary pipe
Type of Roof- Lean to shed roof
89 "Design" Transportation Facilities

Location: NAIA terminal 4
1) Occupancy Building (Rule 7 at PD1096)

=Airport Terminal belongs to Group E-1
2)Apron- Air side on airport to

accommodate aircraft for purposes of
loading and unloading passengers, Cargo,
Fuelling and parking.
3)Type of Air craft parking Configuration=

NOSE- IN Configuration
4)Apron-Terminal Relationship= Linear

Concept — at NAIA Terminal 4.
90 "Building Technology" Materials
Tinted Glass Wall- Glass treated with

coating to reduce the transmission of light
through it.
Sample At the Mandaluyong City Hall
Life Theater/ Teofilo Villonco Building -Art

Deco Style
Ar. Pablo Antonio
92 "Urban Planning"
Image of the City

Welcome Rotonda- Consider as Edges
Boundary of Manila and Quezon city
Kind of Stucco Finishes= Dash Texture
94 "Utilites" Electrical
Electrical Post Insulator

95 "Building Technology & Building Laws (PD1096) "
Staircase Detail
Vernacular Term
Stair-Hagdan
Tread- Baytang (250mm)Minimum
Riser- Takip Silipan(200mm) Maximum
Stringer(Open)- Hardinera
Stringer (Closed) Escalera
Metal Stud, (For Framing)

Metal Track (For Edge/Border)
Carrying Channel (For Hanger/Support)
(Commercial Size 3 meters Length per pc)
97 "Utilities" Lightning
LED- Light Emitting diode

Sample at Christmas Tree at the Star City
98 "Utilities" Hardware
Type of Door -Roll Up Door
P-Trap
100 "Utilities" Painting Materials
Difference Use of Latex & Enamel
Flat Latex- For Concrete Surfaces

Flat Wall Enamel- For Wood & Metal
Surfaces
Busbar- Electrical conductor in a

generating or receiving station
102 "Utilities" Door Hardware
Flush Bolt- Used on pairs of doors to

secure the inactive leaf
THHN/ THWN
#14- 2.0mm2 Wire (150m/box)
Brand-Phelp Dodge
104 "Utilities" Hardware
Cabinet Hinge
Vernacular term- Espolon
Type of Hinge- Concealed Hinge
105 "Utilities" Type of Luminaire
Directional Lightning
Track light- Lighting where luminaires are
attached to and are movable along metal
track
Classical, Neoclassical and Baroque

Architecture
Type of Pediment- Triangular Pediment

Sample at the Facade of Tutuban Center
107 "Utilities" Plumbing/ Fire Code
Fire Hose Cabinet is Fire fighting

equipment including:
1) A hose reel with axial supply
2) A water supply tap adjacent to the hose
reel
3) A basic length of semi rigid hose 30m
maximum length
4) A spreader tip
5) A rating plate and operational
instruction
life
PD 1096-
Hose and Hose Reel Max Length not over
23 meters
Non-Skid Concrete Tiles

Commercial Size: 30mmx200mmx200mm
Type: Chocolate type
Commonly use: Drop Off, Parking Ramp
Sample picture at Eton Emerald Loft
Basement parking
109 "Building Laws" RA9514 Fire Code of the Philippines
Fire Exit Stair

Dimention Criteria for new stairs
Max Height of risers: 180mm
Min. Height of riser:100mm
Minimum tread depth:280mm
Minimum width <2000pax: 1120mm
>2000pax: 1420mm
Minimum Head Room: 2000mm
Max. Height between landings:3660mm
110 "Building Laws" BP344 Accessibility Law
Washroom & Toilet

Area: 1.70m X 1.80m
Max. height of of Water Closet: 0.45m

Max Flush Control of Water Closet: 1.20m
Standard height Water Closet
railings:0.80m
Max. height of Elongated lip of

Urinal:0.48m
Standard height of Urinal railing:0.60m
Max. height of Lavatories:0.80

Min. Depth of Lavatories counter:0.50
Grab Bar: One Movable grab bar and one

fixed to the adjacent wall shall be installed
at the accessible water closet stall for
lateral mounting.
111 "Building Law" RA 7279 The Urban Development and Housing Act
NHA- National Housing Authority

Function:
*Augment and Enhance local government
capabilities
112 "Building Law" RA 7279 The Urban Development and Housing Act
NEDA- National Economic Development

Authority
Function: Data for forward planning
113 "Building Technology" Glass product
Glass Blocks
Use- Glass blocks provide visual

obscuration while admitting light.
Special types-
1)Bullet and Vandal Resistance
2)Fire Resistance
3)Gas insulated
4)Colored Glass
114 "Utilities" Security system
CCTV- Close Circuit Television
Use: Video surveillance to monitor interior

or exterior areas
Components:
1)Surveillance Camera-Has tilt,pan and
zoom capabilities that can be controlled
from central station. Signal transmitted by
Cabling or Internet
2)Monitor- Max 16 Channel per monitor
3) Digital Video recorder- Stores data that
can be digitally enhanced and analysed
Difference Between Backhoe (Left) &

Front End Loader (Right )
Backhoe-has a two-limbed arm with a

digging bucket on its end. The limbs are
called the boom and the dipper; the dipper
holds the bucket.
Front End Loader- a vehicle with a large

scoop in front that is used for digging and
loading loose material.
Chain Bolt
Vernacular Term- Baral De Kadena
PolyCarbonate Sheet
Commonly use: For Roofing
Brick
Standard Size: 2 1/4 X 3 3/4 x 8 Inches
119 "Building Technology" Glass Product
Stained Glass- Glass that has been

coloured by adding metallic salt during its
manufacture
Exclusively use- At the windows of

churches
Photo taken at The Immaculate Conception

Cathedral of Cubao
120 "Building Laws" BP 344 Accessibility Law
PWD Parking slots=

3.70m (Min width)X 5.0m
Accessible walkway spaces between the

front ends of parked cars=
1.20m (Clear width)
Baluster- Is a moulded shaft square or of

lathe turned form. A form cut from a
rectangular or square plank.
Vernacular term- Barandillas

Made- Can be Stone,Wood and Metal
Commonly uses- Stairs and Parapet
122 "Utilities" Lighting System
Valance Lighting- Light sources are

shielded by a panel parallel to the wall.
This provides light both upwards and
downwards over the wall
123 "Building Laws" RA9514 (Fire Code of the Philippines)
Spiral Stair
Components of means of egress

Riser Height- Max.180mm
Tread Depth- Min. 280mm
Clear Width Inner Handrail- 610mm
Clear Width to other Handrail- 265mm
If occupant load not exceed three (3)

Riser Height- Max. 190mm
Treand Depth- Min. 240mm
Clear Width Inner Handrail- 660
Headroom Height- Min. 1.98m
Gothic Architecture Style
Type of Window- Rose Window or

Catherine Window
125 "Utilities" Lighting System
Cove Lighting- A light source are shielded

by a ledge to distribute light upwards over
the ceiling and upper wall.
126 "Building Laws" PD 1096, RA 9514 & NFPA ( National Fire Protection
Association)
Fire Sprinkler System:
Distance to Exits
PD1096(NBC)
Without Fire sprinkler- Max. 45 meters
With Fire sprinkler- Max. 60 meters
RA 9514(FireCode)
Without Fire sprinkler- Max. 46 meters
With Fire sprinkler- Max. 61 meters
Max. Spacing between sprinklers

NFPA
By Occupancy Hazard
Light Hazard- 15ft/ 4.5 meters
Medium Hazard- 15ft/ 4.5 meters
Extra Hazard- 12ft/ 3.6 merers

Gothic Architecture Style
Type of Vault- Decorative Vault

Type of Column/Capital- Corinthian
Interior View of The Immaculate

Conception Cathedral of Cubao
128 "Tropical and Sustainable Design" Type of Green Wall Application
Mat Media- A system tend to be either Coir

Fiber or Felt Mats.
Root system mature plants- 3 to 5 years

before the roots overtake the mat.
129 "Building Technology" Types of Window
Bay Window- A bay in this context being

an interior recess made by the outward
projection of a wall.
Purpose/ Use- To admit more light than

would a window flush with the wall line
Elevator
Location- Max. 30 meters from the
entrance.
Dimension-
Min. 1.10 X 1.40 meters(Elevator Car)
Min. 0.80 meter Width (Door)
Min. 1.50 x 1.80 meters (Elevator Shaft/
Hoistway)
Control panels- 0.90 to 1.20 (from the

floor)
Button Control- 20mm Dia. & 1mm

Depression with bralle type signs
131 "Tropical and Sustainable Design"

Type of Green wall Application
Loose Media- Tend to be (Soil on a shelf)

or ( Soil in the bag). Systems have their
soil packed into a Shelf or Bag
Life span- 1 year for Exterior,

approximately 2 years for Interior
Open Terrace
Vernacular term- Azotea

Classical Architecture
Ionic Capital/Column
Sample at the Manila city hall (Interior)

134 "Utilities"
Exhaust Fan- Used to control the interior

environment by venting out unwanted
odors, particulates, smoke, moisture and
other contaminants which may be present
in the air.
Location- at the Wall

Revival of Gothic Architecture
San Sebastian Church-

The Asia's first all- Iron building
The only all-Steel Church in philippines
Architect- Genaro Palacios

Gothic Revival Architecture
San Sebastian Church Interior View
Type of Vault- Early English Vault
137 "Utilities & Building Laws (PD1096)"
Escalator
Typical Specifications:
Width of Escalator- 24", 32", 48"
Angle of inclination- 30 Degrees
Speed- 90fpm, 100fpm and 120fpm
PD1096 (NBC) Provisions

Min.width 560mm Max. width 1.20m
Standard width of Steps (Tread) 330mm
Escalator Arrangement- Single Continuous

Pop Up Floor Outlet- Is a Electrical outlets

that are installed into a floor area rather
than into wall.
Equipped by- Metal plate to protect the

outlet and wiring along with a cover that
prevents dust and other material.
Usually found. At the Malls
139 "Building Technology (Equipment) & Building Laws(ASTM C94) American

Society for Testing and Materials
Concrete Mixer truck- Is A

Device/Equipment that homogeneously
combines Cement, Aggregates and water
to form Concrete. A Typical concrete mixer
uses a revolving drum to mix the
components.
ASTM C94- Time limits for discharge of

concrete shall completed within 1 1/2
hours after the introduction of the mixing
water to the cement and aggregates
140 "Structural Conceptualization"
Type of Truss
Diagonal & Horizontal Brace- Lattice Truss
Vertical Brace- Deck Warren Truss
Diagonal Brace
Vernacular term- Pie De Gallo
Sample at the Ayala Bridge
141 "Utilities" Mechanical
Tornado Turbine/ Rotary Turbine
A natural ventilation that use to remove

the convicted heat and induces currents of
fresh air producing a substantial cooling
effect on people and the environment.
Composition material- Galvanized and

Aluminium
Type of Building Usually installed-

Industrial building
142 "Building Technology" Door Hardware
Accordion Door- A hinge door consisting of

a system of panels which are hung from an
overhead track.
Saint Jude Parish
Architecture style- Modern style
144 "Utilities" Air Conditioning system
Central Chilled Water system- Consist of a

central chiller to cool water.Chilled water
is used by the Air Handling Unit (AHU) or
Fan Coil Unit (FCU) to cool air.
Common components:
1.AHU- An equipment containing coil

Filters,dampers and fans that used to
condition and air circulate.
Location- Outdoor Equipment
2.Cooling Tower- An equipment that expels

heat from chilled water system when
water is cooled by directly or indirectly.
Location- Outdoor Equipment
3. Chiller- A cooling equipment that

produce chilled water,which is used to
remove heat from the building.
Location- Outdoor (Roofdeck) or Indoor

Equipment (Basement)
145 "Building Laws"PD 1096
Minimum Parking Slot Dimension
Perpendicular Parking- 2.50m X 5.00m
Advantage- Best parking layout to

maximize the lot parking space.
Diagonal Parking-2.50m X 5.00m
Advantage- Best layout in easy entry and

to exit from parking slot.
Disadvantage- Requires larger space.
Parallel Parking- 2.15m X 6.00m
Advantage- Best layout to narrow spaces

and it reduces driveway.
Disadvantage- Difficult in entry and to exit

from parking slot.
146 "Utilities" Type of Luminaires
Directional Lighting
Flood Light- The most broader luminaire
among the 2 other classified at Directional
lightning (Spot Light & Track Light)
Art Deco Statue (Siamese Dancer) at the

Manila Metropolitan Theater
By Itallian Sculptor Francesco Riccardo
Monti
148 "Utilities" Type of Luminaires
Pendant lighting
Chandelier- One example of High Bay

Pendant lightning
149 "Utilities" Telecommunication
Transmission Material
RJ45- Is a female connectors composed of

8 pin connector used for data
transmission/ networking
Expansion Bolt- Are fasteners used in

masonry materials that expand once
inserted into a predrilled hole in the
masonry.
Other term - Dynabolt
151 "Building Technology" Tools
Caulking Gun (Sealant Gun)
Is a tool that holds a tube or cartridge that

filled with material used for sealing up
gabs and cracks.
Crowbar
Also called a wrecking bar & Pry Bar
Spanish Term- Bareta de Cabra

Use- As lever either to force part two

objets or to remove nails.
Slot Screwdriver- A slotted of flat blade
Use- Is a tool,manual or powered for

turning,driving or removing screws.
Difference between Phillip & Frearson

Screw Drive
Phillips screw drive- Is a tool that has

cross shape and features the ability to self
center.
Frearson screw drive- Also known as the

Reed and Prince screw driver, is similar to
philips screw but the frearson has a sharp
tip and larger angle in the V shape.
Box Wrench- A cylindrical wrench with a

hexagonal end fitting over the head of the
nut, used especially when the nut is
difficult to reach.
A U-Shaped opening that two grips two

opposite faces of the bolt or nut.
The open end wrench also have different

size opening at each end
Rigid steel Conduit (RSC)
Typically Made- Coated steel, Stainless

steel, Red brass or Aluminum.
-Can be installed indoors or outdoors, in

Dry or Wet Location, Exposed or
Concealed, In all kinds of Atmospheric
conditions and in Hazardous Location
Actual- Suggested electrical conduit for

Service Entrance by Meralco
One hole metal clamp- Also known

as(Metal wire clamps) are an excellent
way to secure wires, cable and tubing.
they are galvanized to prevent rust and
corrosion.
Sliding Window Lock
Material- Cast Aluminum

Surface Treatment- Powder Coating
Awning Window Locking Handle(Right

Hand)
Also known as Rim Lock
Material- Aluminum
Surface Treatment- Powder coating
Push Button Urinal Valve
162 "Building Technology" Consumable
Polituff Polyester Body Filler & Hardener
Use to formulated to fill in surface prior to

topcoat painting, It is an impact shock
resistant putty especially designed for use
on auto body patching of leaks, holes, and
flaws
Application- Can be use in wood and metal

surfaces.
Commercial Packaging- 4 Liters & 1 Liter

can
Reinforcing Bar- is a common steel bar

that is hot rolled and is used widely in the
construction industry, especially for
concrete reinforcement. Steel rebar is
most commonly used as a tensioning
devise to reinforce concrete and other
masonry structures to help hold the
concrete in a compressed state.
Vernacular Term-Kabilya
Strirrups Rebars- Stirrups are provided to

hold the main reinforcement
rebars.Stirrups are placed at proper
intervals to beams and columns to prevent
them from buckling.
Vernacular Term-Anilyo
164 "Building Technology" Manpower/ Construction Workers
Mason- A mason is a skilled construction

worker who uses bricks, stones and
cement in building structures for all types
of industrial, commercial and residential
projects.
Vernacular Term- Kantero
U-Bolt- A bolt in the shape of the letter U

with screw threads on both ends.
Function- U Bolt provides the force

required to clamp leaf spring and related
components firmly together.
166 "Utilities(Plumbing)& Building Laws (PD957&BP220)
Drainage System
Min. Diameter of Drainage Pipe(PVC)-

300mm
Location- Underground
167 "Building Laws" RA9514 Fire Code
Panic Hardware- A Mechanical device

consisting of linkages and horizontal bars
across a door, which pushed from the
inside will cause the door to open and
facilitates exit from the building.
Panic Hardware Door Latch force not more

than-7kg-f
Panic Hardware bars shall not less than

2/3 of the width of the door
Panic Hardware bar height above the floor-

Min. 0.76m
Max. 1.12m
168 "Building Technology & History of Architecture"
Precast Concrete Louver Blocks
Commercial Size:
Ordinary Size-5 1/2 x 5 1/2 x 12 Inches
Double Louver Size- 6 X 6 x 16 Inches
Picture taken at Philippine Columbian Club

House-
Architect: Rogelio Villarosa
Reflective Insulation- Made from such

materials as Aluminum or Copper Coil or
Sheet metal with bright surface that reflect
heat rather than absorbing it.
Commercial Size:
4 ft X 25 ft (1 roll)
170 "Professional Practice" Architect Minimum Basic Fee
"Moderate" Parks/ Cemetery
OLD SPP - 7% MBF (60% Architect,40%

Engineers)
NEW SPP- 6% MBF (60% Architect, 40%
Engineers)
Picture taken at Manila Memorial Parks —

at Manila Memorial Park, Sucat Paranaque.
171 "Utilities" Transmission Material
Coaxial Cable- Is the kind of copper cable

usedbby cable TV companies between the
community antenna and user homes.
Characteristic- Has 2 conductors: Inner

solid wire surrounded by an outer braided
metal sheath.
The conductors both run concentrically

along the same axis,each are insulated and
a hard casing protects the entire cable.
Gate Valve- Also known as A Sluice Valve

is a valve which opens by lifting a round
gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid.
Characteristic- Threaded stem raises and

lowers a wedge- shaped disk, which fits
againts a smooth machine surface within
the valve body.
Types:
Rising stem- Inside screw
Rising stem- Outside stem and yoke
Non Rising stem-Inside screw
173 "Building Laws" RA 9514 Fire Code
Portable and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers

-Is an active fire protection devised used
to extinguish or control small fires, often
in emergency situations.
Types:
Stored Pressure Units- Common Type

Use- Residential, Commecial, Institutional
and Etc.
Cartridge Operated- Not Common Type

Use- Industrial Facilities, Higher average
use.
Classes of Fire:
Class A- Fires involving Ordinary
combustible solid materials.
Class B-Fires involving flammable and

combustible liquid and gas.
Class C- Fires involving energized electrical

equipment.
Class D- Fires involving combustible

materials.
Class K- Fires in cooking appliances that

involve combustible cooking media.
Characteristic:
Hand Held Fire Extinguishers- Weigh 0.5 to

14 Kilograms
Cart Mounted Fire Extinguishers- 23

Kilograms
Hose Clamps- is a device used to attach

and seal a hose onto a fitting such as a
barb or nipple.
Use: To secure and preventing any fluid

flowing through the hose from leaking at
the connection.
Characteristic:
Attribute-Worm-drive hose clamps can be

daisy chained or siamesed to make long
clamp
Made- Stainless steel
Ball Valve
Function-A valve in which the flow is

controlled by a ball that fits tightly againts
a resilient seat in the valve body, as the
ball is turned water flows through a port in
the ball.
Only requires a 90 degree rotation of the

handle to open or close the valve.
176 "Professional Practice"
HDMF- Home Development Mutual Fund

Pag-Ibig Fund- " Pagtutulungan sa
Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industria at
Gobyerno.
177 "BuildingnTechnology" Door Hardware
Escutcheon- A flat piece of metal for

protection and often ornamentation,
around a keyhole or Door Handle
178 "Building Technology" Hand Tools
Riveter- Is a manually operated tool used

to install blind rivets.
Riveter tools are generally designed for

use with blind rivets only and work by
pulling the rivet mandrel through the rivet
body to expand and secure it.
Drill- is a tool fitted with a cutting tool

attachment or driving tool attachment
usually a drill bit.
Used for boring holes in various materials

or fastening various material together with
the use of fasteners.
180 " Building Technology" Hand Tools
Snips- Also known as shears . used to cut

sheet metal and other tough webs.
Tagalog term- Gunting De Yero
Drill Bit- Is a cutting tools used to remove

materials to create holes, almost always of
circular cross section.
Procedure- In order to create holes drill

bits are attached to a Drill. Which powers
them to cut through the workplace
typically by rotation.
Application- Can use in Wood, Metal and

Concrete surfaces
MARINA/ Manila Yatch Club
Exceptional type
OLD SPP= 8% MBF (60% Architect, 40%

Engineers)
NEW SPP= 7% MBF (60% Architect, 40%
Engineers) — at Manila Yacht Club.
183 "Professional Practice" Architect Minumum Basic Fee
Moderate Type
Mall/ Robinson Malls
OLD SPP = 7% MBF (60% Architect , 40%

Engineers)
NEW SPP= 6% MBF ( 60% Architect, 40%
\Engineers) — at Robinson's Ermita,
Manila.
Hotel/Sofitel Philippine Plaza
Exceptional Type
OLD SPP= 8% MBF (60% Architect, 40%

Engineers)
NEW SPP= 7% MBF (60% Architect, 40%
Engineers) — at Sofitel Philippine Plaza
Manila.
185 "Building Technology" Consumables
Thread Seal Tape- Also known PTFE

(Polytetrafluoroethylene)
Genericised Trade Name- Teflon Tape
Function- Is a very thin white tape used to

wrap the threaded ends of metal and
plastic pipes to lubricate the threads and
prevent leaks. The thin tape fills the
minute gap between the male and female
pipe threads stopping water leaks.
Pliers
Used to hold objects firmly possibly

developed from tongs used in handle. Also
useful for Bending and compressing a wide
range of materials.
Stick Electrodes- Also known Welding Rod.
Characteristic- A metal wires with baked

on chemical coatings.
Use- The Rod used to sustain the welding

arc and to provide the filler metal required
for the joint to be welded.
Commercial Size- 3/32", 1/8", 5/32"
The smaller the diameter means it requires

less current and it deposits a smaller
amount of filler metal.
188 "Building Laws" PD1096
Cul-De-Sac
A street or passage closed at one end. A

dead-end street, especially one ending in
circular turnaround.
Min.Clear width of Road= 3.35m

Min Radius = 9.15m
Max. Run= 50.00m
Construction Hoist
Also known as Manlift, BuckHoist or

Temporary Elevator.
Function- Use to Carry personel, Materials

and Equipment quickly between The
Ground and Higher floors of a Structure.
Made Up- One or Two cars (Cages) with

travel vertically along stacked mast tower
section. The mast section are attached to
the Structure or Building every 25 feet
(7.62m) for added stability.
190 "History of Architect"
Cathedral of the Holy Child
Architect- Carlos Arguelles
191 "History Of Architecture"
FEU Main Building

Art Deco Style
Architect= Pablo Antonio (2nd National
Artist for Architecture)
192 "History of Architecture & Professional Practice" Architect Minimum Basic

Fee
Andres Bonifacio (KKK) Monument
Monumental 12% MBF
OLD GSIS BUILDING
Architect- Federico S. Ilustre
The Manila Hotel
Architect- William E. Parsons(Design

&Construction)
Architect- Andres Luna De San Pedro

(Renovation)
195 "Professional Practice (Architect Minimum Basic Fee) & Design (DOH
Guidelines)"
Manila Med/ Hospital
Exceptional
OLD SPP 8% MDF
NEW SPP 7% MDF
Design- Classified in Institutional Building
Rule VII- General Institutional (GI)
Parking:
Public 1(Slot)-25(Beds)
Private 1(Slot)- 12(Beds)
Hospital Zoning:
Outer Zone- Emergency Dept & Out patient

Department.
Second Zone- Laboratory, Radiology &

Pharmacy
Inner Zone- Patient Rooms (Wards) and

Nurse Stations
Deep Zone- Intensive Care Unit (ICU),

Operating Room(OR), Delivery Room(DR)
Service Zone- Dietary,Motor Pool
Intergrated Zone- Dialysis Center , Eye

center
Special Service Zone- Morgue or Mortuary
Exits:
Minimum 2 Exits every Floor
Corridor:
Minimum 2.44 For Patient & Equipment
Access.
Minimum of 1.83 for Admins Use
Distance:
Mortuary should be atleast 25 meters away

to Dietary (Canteen)
Space Requirments:
5.02sqm/Staff
7.43sqm/ Bed
0.65sqm/ Person Occupying the space at
one time
1.08/ Stretcher
1.67/ Toilet
196 "Professional Practice" R.A. 9266
"Architecture Act of 2004"
Section 1- Short TITLE
Section 2- Statement of POLICY
Section 3- Definition of TERMS
Section 4 - CREATION and COMPOSITION

of the Professional Regulatory Board.
Section 5- QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBERS

of the Professional Regulatory Board.
Section 6- TERM OF OFFICE
Section 7 - POWER and FUNCTION of the

Board.
Section 8-ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION
of the Board, Custodian of its Records,
Secretariat and Support Services.
Section 9- GROUND OF SUSPENSION or

removal of the members of the Board.
Section 10- COMPENSATION and

ALLOWANCE of the Board.
Section 11- ANNUAL REPORT
Section 12- EXAMINATION required
Section 13- QUALIFICATION OF

APPLICANT for Examination.
Section 14- SUBJECT for Examination.
Section 15- RATING in the Licensure

Examination.
Section 16- REPORT of ratings
Section 17- OATH
Section 18- ISSURANCE OF CERTIFICATES

of Registration and Professional
Identification Card.
Section 19- ROSTER OF ARCHITECTS
Section 20- SEAL, Issuance and Use of Seal
Section 21- INDICATION OF CERTIFICATE

of Registration/ Professional Identification
Card and Professional Tax Receipt.
Section 22- REFUSAL to Issue Certificate of

registration and Professional Identification
Card.
Section 23- SUSPENSION and

REVOCATION of Certificates of
Registration, Professional Identification
Card or the Special/ Temporary Permit.
Section 24- RE-ISSURANCE or

REPLACEMENT of revoked or lest
Certificateof Registration.Professional
Identification Card or Special and
Temporary Permit.
Section 25- REGISTRATION OF

ARCHITECTS Required
Section 26- VESTED RIGHTS: Architects

Registered When this Law passed
Section 27- RECIPROCITY Requirements
Section 28- Continuing Professional

Development (CPD)
Section 29- Prohibition in the Practice of

Architecture and PENAL CLAUSE.
Section 30- Prohibition in the PRACTICE OF

ARCHITECTURE
Section 31- LIABILITY of Representative of

Non- Registered Persons
Section 32- SIGNING OF ARCHITECTURAL

PLAN, Specification and Other Contract
Documents
Section 33- OWNERSHIP OF PLAN,

Specification and Other Contract
documents
Section 34- NON-REGISTERED PERSON

shall not claim Equivalent Service
Section 35- POSITION IN GOVERNMENT

Requiring the Service of Registered and
Licensed Architects
Section 36- Collection of PROFESSIONAL

FEES.
Section 37- LIMITATION to the

Registration of a Firm, company,
Partnership, Corporation or Association.
Section 38- COVERAGE of Temporary/

Special Permits
Section 39 - LIABILITY INSURANCE of a

person or Entity Allowed to Practice under
a Temporary/ Special Permits
Section 40- INTEGRATION of the

Architecture Profession
Section 41- IMPLEMENTING RULES AND

REGULATIONS
Section 42- APPROPRIATIONS

Section 43- ACT NOT AFFECTING other

Professionals
Section 44- ENFORCEMENT of the ACT
Section 45- SEPARABILITY CLAUSE
Section 46- REPEALING CLAUSE
Section 47- EFFECTIVITY
*KEY WORDS- All Capitalize Words
197 "Professional Practice(Architect Minimum Basic Fee) & Design"
EARIST 👍💯/College Buildings
Moderate type
OLD SPP- 7% MBF
NEW SPP-6% MBF
Design
Rule VII-
Occupancy of Building -Division C
Zoining Classification- General
Institutional (GI)
Site Zoining
Academic Zone- Classroom & Laboratories
Administration Zone- Overall Management

and Administration of the School
Ancillary Zone- Canteen & Auditorium
Service Zone- Motorpool, Electrical room &

Workshop
Recreational Zone- Sports and other

Leisure Activities
Religious Zone - Building with a Religious

function
Parking Slot
Public Colleges:
1(Car slot)/5(Classroom)
2 Jeepney/Shuttle
1 (School bus)/ 200(Students)
Private Colleges:
1(Car slot)/ 3 (Classroom)
2 Jeepney/Shuttle
1 (School Bus)/ 100 (student)
Design Criteria
Classrooms:
7.00 X 9.00 Meters (Min)
Classes Size:
40 Students
Minimum Space Requirements:
Classroom- 1.8 sqm per place (Each

person)
Science Lab- 2.1sqm per place (Each
person)
Library- 2.4sqm per place (Each person)
Admin Office-5sqm per place (Each
person)
Clinic-28sqm gross
Corridor Width- 1.1m (Min) Admin
Ceiling Height:
2.7 Natural Ventilated
2.4 Artificial Ventilated
No. Of Exits Doors- At least 2
Minimum Air Space:

3.00 Cubic Meters with 1.00sqm of floot
area per person
Workshop,Factories & Office- 12 Cubic

meters air sapce per person
Habitable Rooms- 14 Cubic Meters of air

space per person
Plumbing Facilities (PD1096)
Water Closet:
1/40 Male, 1/30 Female
Urinals: 1/35
Lavatories
1/40 Male, 1/30 Female
Dringking Fountain: 1/75 Persons
Grader-Also commonly referred to as a

road grader or a motor grader, is a
construction machine with a long blade
used to create a flat surface during the
grading process. Typical models have three
axles, with the engine and cab situated
above the rear axles at one end of the
vehicle and a third axle at the front end of
the vehicle, with the blade in between.
Commonly Used- Construction and

maintenance of dirt roads and gravel
roads. In the construction of paved roads
they are used to prepare the base course
to create a wide flat surface upon which to
place the asphalt. Graders are also used to
set native soil foundation pads to finish
grade prior to the construction of large
buildings.
Parking Structures
Simple Type
OLD SPP- 6% MBF

NEW SPP-5% MBF
Spirit Level
Also known Level Bar, Bubble Level or

Level tool.
Used:
Is an instrument designed to indicate

whether a surface is Horizontal (Level) Or
Vertical (Plumb)
Different type of Spirit Level may be used

by Carpenters,Stone Masons or Other
building trades workers.
Hand Plane- Is a combination of cutting

edge such as sharpened metal plate
attached to a firm body.
Used:
Hand plane is a tool for shaping wood

using Muscle Power 💪👷 to force the
cutting blade over the surface of a
material.
Generally all planes are used to flatten,

Reduce the thickness and impart a smooth
surface to rough piece of lumber or timber.
Tagalog Term- Katam
A keyhole saw is a long, narrow saw used

for cutting small, often awkward features
in various building materials.
Air-Con Outlet (1-Gang)
Brand- Parasonic
204 "Building Technology" Mosaic Glass
Vitreous Glass Tiles- Are 4mm thick

standard tesserae they are usually made
up of a main colour with slight variations
dabbled across the tile.
They are perpectly flat on side and grooved

on the back in order to help with cutting
band also aid the adhesive.
These are available as 10mm and 20mm

tiles in a large range of colours these tiles
are frost and UVA resistant band therefore
perpectly suited for indoor and outdoor
use
205 "Building Technology" Glass Product
Toughened or tempered glass:

Is a type of safety glass processed by
controlled thermal or chemical treatments
to increase its strength compared with
normal glass. Tempering puts the outer
surfaces into compression and the inner
surfaces into tension.
Advantage:
The term "toughened glass" is generally
used to describe fully tempered glass but
is sometimes used to describe heat-
strengthened glass as both types undergo
a thermal "toughening" process.
Disadvantages:
Toughened glass must be cut to size or
pressed to shape before toughening, and
cannot be re-worked once toughened.
Polishing the edges or drilling holes in the
glass is carried out before the toughening
process starts. Because of the balanced
stresses in the glass, damage to any
portion will eventually result in the glass
shattering into thumbnail-sized pieces.
Central Lock
Hydraulic Hinge
Angle Grinder: Also known as a Side

Grinder or Disc Grinder is a handheld
powertool used for Cutting, Grinding and
Polishing.
Angle Grinder can powered by an electric

motor, petrol engine or compressed air the
motor drives a geared head at a right angle
on which is mounted an Abrasive Disc or a
thinner Cut-Off Disc.
Standoff-
Is simply a fixture that holds a sign away

from a wall but it can also help enhance
the signs appearance.
Used for elevating and locating the parts to

help increase the flexibility of fixture.
Welding machine
is a device that provides an electric current

to perform welding. Welding usually
requires high current (over 80 amperes)
and it can need above 12,000 amperes in
spot welding. Low current can also be
used; welding two razor blades together at
5 amps with gas tungsten arc welding is a
good example.
Classification- Welding machines are

usually classified as constant current (CC)
or constant voltage (CV); a constant
current machine varies its output voltage
to maintain a steady current while a
constant voltage machine will fluctuate its
output current to maintain a set voltage.
Pebble Wash
Pebble Wash is also commonly called

exposed aggregate finish. The 12mm thick
combination of pebbles and cement mix at
the ratio of 70% and 30% is laid on the
well prepared substrate such as cement
sand rendering or wall plastering.While the
fresh lay pebbles cement topping is still in
plastic plastic stage, special special brush
is deployed deployed to remove the
surface surface cement slurry to expose
the pebbles. The next day, the balance
cement stains is to be treated with acid
wash. Lastly the finish surface is then
sealed with a 2 coats of Sunseal G- 20F
solven base acrylic sealer to protect from
dirt and stains as well as improves the
overall strength of the floor surface cum
gives the job an attractive wet-look.
ADVANTAGES OF PEBBLE WASH:
ØNatural material, thus soothing to your

eyes
ØWill not fade

ØNo need to apply paint forever
ØAesthetically beautiful
ØGood for edging or contrast for flooring
pattern
HOW T0 INSTALL PEBBLE WASH :
STEP NO. 1- IDENTIFY ELEMENT TO BE

APPLIED WITH PEBBLE WASH
STEP NO. 2-PREPARATION OF PEBBLE

WASH MIX
STEP NO.3-APPLY CEMENT AND PEBBLE

MIXTURE ALL OVER THE ELEMENT INSTALL
PEBBLE WASH MIX WHILST THE
RENDERING STILL LOOK ' WET' BUT HARD
ENOUGH TO WORK ON. COMPACTING AND
SMOOTHING
STEP NO.4-WASHING CEMENT ON TOP OF

PEBBLE USE SHOE BRUSH AND WATER,
BRUSH GENTLY AT LEAST AFTER ONE
HOUR
AFTER ONE DAY OR MORE, USE DILUTED

SULPHURIC ACID AND ROLLER TO WASH
LEFT OVER CEMENT ON TOP OF PEBBLE.
STEP NO. 5. APPLY STONE SEALANT
Commercial Size: 25 kilogram pebbles per

Bag
Estimate: 1 Bag of Pebbles + Cement can

cover ten (10) square feet
Hand-held Circular Saw
In woodworking the term circular saw is

most commonly used to refer to a hand-
held, electric circular saw designed for
cutting wood, but may be used for cutting
other materials with different blades.
Circular saws can be either left or right-

handed, depending on the side of the blade
where the motor sits. A left-handed saw is
typically easier to use if held in the right
hand, and contrariwise for the right-
handed saw, because the user does not
need to lean across the saw to see the
cutting line.
Power Miter Saw- Also known Cut off

Machine or Drop Saw
Is a power tool used to make a quick,

accurate crosscut in a workpiece at a
selected angle. Common uses include
framing operations and the cutting of
molding. Most miter saws are relatively
small and portable, with common blade
sizes ranging from eight to twelve inches.
The miter saw makes cuts by pulling a

spinning circular saw blade down onto a
workpiece in a short, controlled motion.
The workpiece is typically held against a
fence, which provides a precise cutting
angle between the plane of the blade and
the plane of the longest workpiece edge.
In standard position, this angle is fixed at
90°.
214 "Utilities" Fire Alarm System
Control Unit or Panel
Function- The Control Panel is to energize

the audible devices( Bells, Buzzer,Gongs)
upon receipt of a signal from the detector.
Also to shut-off of oil and gas lines, shut

off of attic fans to prevent fire spread and
turning off lights.
Typical Parts-
1. Annunciator module alarm and Trouble
Lights.
2. Control Module
3. Status Lights
4. Operating Controls
5. Power supply and Audible alarm
modules
Typical Control Functions System:
1. Non-Coded System- This system

continuous ringing evacuation type alarm
devices, manual or automic, which can be
zoned and identifiable by means of an
annunciator.
2. Master Coded System- This System is

also called common coded or fixed coded
system and generates four round of code.
when the code set to ring the bells at 108
strokes per minute.
3.Zone Coded System- Manual station are

grouped by circuit into zones which
transmits to the panel and ring the zone's
code the single stroke gong or chimes.
4. Dual Coded sytem- This system is a

combination of the non-coded and the one
coded system.When an alarm device
operates, it initiates two diferrent
functions.
5. General and Selective coded System-

This is fully coded system in which all
manual devices are coded and all
automatic devices are arranged to trip
code transmit at the panel.
6. Pre Signal System- Whwn it is desired to

alert only key personnel, a system call pre
signalling is used, where it is also
selectively coded
Cement Tile:
Also known hydraulic tiles are handmade

colourful tiles used as floor coverings.
They are mostly known throughout the

world as encaustic cement tile. Like their
predecessors, encaustic clay tiles, they
derive their name from the term
"encaustic" which is an art term used for
metal enameling that uses a type of lost
wax procedure.
They have this name because of the

intricate patterns and designs that mimic
the encaustic enameling process. Cement
tiles are not fired; there is no glaze layer
on the surface of the tile.
They derive their durability from the

combination of finely dehydrated ground
Portland cement layer and a more coarse
layer of sand and cement. The pigment
layer is hydraulically pressed into the
surface and becomes a part of the tile.
Vernacular Term- Baldosa
Air Compressor-
An air compressor is a device that converts

power (using an electric motor, diesel or
gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy
stored in pressurized air By one of several
methods, an air compressor forces more
and more air into a storage tank,
increasing the pressure. When tank
pressure reaches its upper limit the air
compressor shuts off.
The compressed air, then, is held in the

tank until called into use. The energy
contained in the compressed air can be
used for a variety of applications, utilizing
the kinetic energy of the air as it is

released and the tank depressurizes. When
tank pressure reaches its lower limit, the
air compressor turns on again and re-
pressurizes the tank.
Construction Commonly Use- For Duco

Paint Finish
217 "Ulitilites" Mechanical (Exhaust Air System)
Exhaust Air Cap
Telephone Outlet Cover
219 "Design & Building Laws (PD1096)"
SM Mall of Asia
Architect: Robert Ong
Rule VII
Occupancy Classification: Group E
(Business and Merchantile)
Zoning Classification: C-3
(PUD) Planned Unit Development at

Reclamation Area
Parking Requirements:
1 Car slot for every 100m2 of Shopping

Floor Area
Classification Lvl Shopping Center
Super Regional Center:

No.of Stores- At least 100

Area- 80000m2 plus
Special Features- With several Department
Stores
Corridor Width (Minimum): 1.12m
Exit Door Way(Means of Egress):
Minimum- 2 Exit
500 to 1000 Persons- 3 Exits Min.
Above 1000 - 4 Exits Min.
*Not Included-Escalator and Elevator
Ceiling Height: (Minimum)
Clear Height- Vary 3m to 4.20m with

3.60m a good average.
Occupant Load (Sqm per Person)
Retails Store- 2.80sqm/person
Diamond Blade- is a saw blade which has

diamonds fixed on its edge for cutting hard
or abrasive materials.
Function- Used to cutting stone, concrete,

asphalt, bricks, coal balls, glass, and
ceramics in the construction industry;
cutting semiconductor materials in the IT
industry; and cutting gemstones, including
diamonds, in the gem industry.
Pipe Wrench- Also Known Stillson wrench

or Stillsons (UK)
is an adjustable wrench used for turning

soft iron pipes and fittings with a rounded
surface. The design of the adjustable jaw
allows it to lock in the frame, such that any
forward pressure on the handle tends to
pull the jaws tighter together. Teeth

angled in the direction of turn dig into the
soft pipe.
Tagalog Term- Liyabe Tubo
Chisel- is a tool with a characteristically

shaped cutting edge (such that wood
chisels have lent part of their name to a
particular grind) of blade on its end, for
carving or cutting a hard material such as
wood, stone, or metal by hand, struck with
a mallet, or mechanical power.
The handle and blade of some types of

chisel are made of metal or of wood with a
sharp edge in it.
Tagalog Term- Pait
223 "Utilities" Telecommunication System
Coaxial Wall Outlet
224 "Utilities" Audio/ Visual System
HDMI- (High-Definition Multimedia

Interface)
is a proprietary audio/video interface for

transferring uncompressed video data and
compressed or uncompressed digital audio
data from an HDMI-compliant source
device, such as a display controller, to a
compatible computer monitor, video
projector, digital television, or digital audio
device. HDMI is a digital replacement for
analog video standards.
225 "Planning & Tropical Design" Sun Shade
Louver-Is a series of narrow openings

framed at their longer edges with slanting,
overlapping fins or slats, adjustable for
admitting light and air while shutting out
rain.
Best Consideration in Philippine Tropical

Design.
Vertical Louvers- If the Building Facing at

the West and East Side
Horizontal Louvers If the Building facing at

the South
Example:
This Building facing along Espana Road
they use Vertical Louvers
226 "Building Technology" Door Harware
Door Lever Keyed Entry
227 "Lighting System & Building Laws"
Emergency Light- is a battery-backed

lighting device that switches on
automatically when a building experiences
a power outage. Emergency lights are
standard in new commercial and high
occupancy residential buildings, such as
college dormitories. Most building codes
require that they be installed in older
buildings as well.
Required Lux: 10.7 Lux

Required Lighting Period (Min.): 1.5 Hours
Hex Key: Also known Allen key or Allen

wrench.
Is a hexagonally shafted tool used to drive

bolts and screws with corresponding

sockets in their heads.
229 "Building Technology" Materials & Estimate
Concrete Neutralizer
Function: A superior conditioner to be

mixed with water to neutralize lime
activity in new interior and exterior
masonry surfaces, thus, improving paint
adhesion and durability.
Commecial Size:
Plastic gallon, quart and pint containers.
Estimate Practical Coverage:

60-80m²/1 liter depending on porosity of
the surface
Tagalog Generic Term: Pang Lason sa

concreto
Night Latch
Type- Traditional
Commonly use- Steel Gate
Safety Hasp & Staple
Door Chain Bolt Latch

Door Lock Installation Kit:

Designed to drill clean and accurate holes
in all entry door materials.
Common Brand:
1.Eagle
2.Irwin
3.Dewalt
4.Ryobi
5.Milwaukee
234 "Building Technology" Consumable Materials
Paint Thinner & Lacquer Thinner
Paint thinner is a solvent used to thin oil-

based paints or clean up after their use.
Commercially, solvents labeled "Paint
Thinner" are usually mineral spirits having
a flash point at about 40 °C (104 °F)
Lacquer Thinner is usually a mixture of

solvents able to dissolve a number of
different resins or plastics.
Flourescent Lamps Starter
Used in several types of flourescents lights

the starter is there to help the lamp light
when voltage is applied to the flourescent
lamp.
236 "Building Technology" Cabinet Hardware
Drawer Slide Mounts
Drawer mount type:
1.Side Mount Slides

2.Center Mount Slides
3. Under Mount Slides
Commercial Size:
Slides most commonly come in size

ranging from 10" to 28"
Can be sold in Single, Pair or Sets with a

slide attaching to Each side or Underside of
the drawer
237 "Professional Practice" Building Testing and Commissioning Services
Equipment: Insulation Tester
Megger Test : is a method of testing

making use of an insulation resistance
meter that will help to verify the condition
of electrical insulation. This is certainly not
a new test, and has been in use for a
number of years. One of the reasons that it
is still such a popular option is because it
is nondestructive. The test does have a
limit of between 500 and 1000 volts, so it
may not always be able to detect some
insulation punctures. It will usually show
the amount of moisture, the leakage
current no the moist or dirty areas of the
insulation, and winding faults and
deterioration.
Actual Practice: Requirements for

Certificate Electrical Inspection (CEI)
238 "History Of Architecture" Ancient Greek/Classical Architecture Orders
Doric & Ionic Orders Parts
Abrasive: is a material, often a mineral,

that is used to shape or finish a workpiece
through rubbing which leads to part of the
workpiece being worn away by friction.
While finishing a material often means
polishing it to gain a smooth, reflective
surface, the process can also involve
roughening as in satin, matte or beaded
finishes.
Uses: For Grinding, Polishing, Buffing,

Honing, Cutting, Drilling, Sharpening,
Lapping, and Sanding
Mallet: is a kind of hammer, often made of

rubber or sometimes wood, that is smaller
than a maul or beetle, and usually has a
relatively large head. The term is
descriptive of the overall size and
proportions of the tool, and not the
materials it may be made of, though most
mallets have striking faces that are softer
than steel.
Mallet Different Types(Most Common):

1. Rubber Mallets
2.Wooden Mallets
3. Copper,Brass and Leaden Mallets
Tagalog Term: Maso
241 "Building Technology" Consumables Material
Sealant: is a substance used to block the

passage of fluids through the surface or
joints or openings in materials, a type of
mechanical seal.
In building construction sealant is

sometimes synonymous with caulking and
also serve the purposes of blocking dust,
sound and heat transmission. Sealants
may be weak or strong, flexible or rigid,
permanent or temporary. Sealants are not
adhesives but some have adhesive
qualities and are called adhesive-sealants
or structural sealants.
Different types of Sealant:

1.Acrylic Sealant
2. Weatherproofing Sealant
3.Neutral Silicone Selant
4. Acetic Silicone Sealant
5. Firestop Sealant
6. Sanitary Sealant
7. Modified Silicone Sealant
Screen Door Closer
Door Viewer
Ball-peen hammer- also known as a

machinist's hammer, is a type of peening
hammer used in metalworking.
It is distinguished from a cross-peen

hammer, diagonal-peen hammer, point-
peen hammer, or chisel-peen hammer by
having a hemispherical head. It is
commonly used as a tool for metalworking.
Door Guard
246 "Utilities" Electrical Conductor and Insulator Covers (46kV
"M4931 Conductor Cover & C4060046

Insulation Cover"
These covers are made of high-dielectric

polyethylene. The wax-like surface
provides a natural self-cleaning action and
resists the effects of greases and other
contaminants. The bright-orange color

gives a visible warning to those who are
working close to the equipment.
Function: Conductor and insulator covers

are designed to help protect the lineman
while working close to energized
conductors. They are rated phase-to-phase
for voltages through 46kV and can be
easily installed with a Grip-All clampstick.
Characteristic:
M4931:
1.Conductor Capacity through 1-3/4"
Diameter
2.Overall Lenght: 5 feet
3.Weight: 4.2Kg
C4060046:
1.Insulators through 10-1/2" diameter
2.Overall Lenght: 22" to 34"
3.Weight: 5Kg
Aviation snips- also known as compound

snips
Uses- are ideal for cutting aluminum and

sheet metal. Their handles are color coded
and it's not just for decoration. Here's how
to choose the right snips for the job using
the correct color designation.
1.Yellow handled snips are made to cut in

a straight line. They can also cut wide
curves and are ideal for flat pieces of

metal.
2. Green handled snips are designed to

make straight and right (clockwise) cuts
and are perfect for right handers cutting
duct.
3. Red handled snips cut best straight and

to the left (counter-clockwise).
248 "Building Technology" Shelving Hardware
Angle Bracket
Electrical Ballast- is a device intended to

limit the amount of current in an electric
circuit. A familiar and widely used example
is the inductive ballast used in fluorescent
lamps, to limit the current through the
tube, which would otherwise rise to
destructive levels due to the negative
differential resistance artifact in the tube's
voltage-current characteristic.
Ballasts vary in design complexity. They

can be as simple as a series resistor or
inductor, capacitors, or a combination
thereof or as complex as electronic
ballasts used with fluorescent lamps and
high-intensity discharge lamps.
Locknut & Bushing
Function:
Locknut
- Zinc die-cast aluminum
- Used to secure an ordinary nut from
working loose by locking itself when
screwed down tight
- For rigid conduits
Bushing
- Zinc die-cast aluminum
- Used with locknuts to terminate RSC or

IMC conduit to enclosure/box
- Provides a smooth pulling surface
251 "Building Technology & Building Laws (BP344)"
Tactile Paving- also called truncated

domes, detectable warnings, Tactile
Ground Surface Indicators, detectable
warning surfaces.
Is a system of textured ground surface

indicator found on footpaths, stairs and
train station platforms to assist
pedestrians who are blind or visually
impaired.
Example: Type: Blister Tactile

Location: LRT 1 Roosevelt
252 Building Technology: Equipment
Sump Pump- is a pump used to remove

water that has accumulated in a water
collecting sump basin, commonly found in
the basement of homes. The water may
enter via the perimeter drains of a
basement waterproofing system, funneling
into the basin or because of rain or natural
ground water, if the basement is below the
water table level.
Generally two types of sump pumps
Pedestal Pump- the motor is mounted

above the sump - where it is more easily
serviced, but is also more conspicuous. The
pump impeller is driven by a long, vertical
extension shaft and the impeller is in a
scroll housing in the base of the pump.
Life Span: Pedestal sump pumps usually

last longer (25 to 30 years) if they are
installed properly and kept free of debris.
Submersible Pump- is entirely mounted

inside the sump, and is specially sealed to
prevent electrical short circuits.
Life Span: Only last 5 to 15 years. They are

more expensive to purchase but can take
up debris without clogging.
Tek Screw- Are self tapping fasteners,

have a very small carving at the end of its
tip called a drill bit. Tex Screw also is Self
Drilling product.
Function:
Use to screwing metal to metal or
sometimes wood to metal
Tek Screw common type:

1. Hex Head
2. Modified Truss
3. Flats Heads
Rust Converter:
Are chemical solutions or primers that can

be applied directly to an iron or iron alloy
surface to convert iron oxides (rust) into a
protective chemical barrier. These
compounds interact with iron oxides,
especially iron(III) oxide, converting them
into an adherent black layer that is more
resistant to moisture and protects the
surface from further corrosion. They are
sometimes referred to as "rust remover"
or "rust killer".
Sanding Paper- are names used for a type

of coated abrasive that consists of sheets
of paper or cloth with abrasive material
glued to one face.
Function: Sandpaper is produced in a

range of grit sizes and is used to remove
material from surfaces, either to make
them smoother (for example, in painting
and wood finishing), to remove a layer of
material (such as old paint), or sometimes
to make the surface rougher (for example,
as a preparation for gluing).
Tagalog Term: LIHA
HLURB- Housing and Land Use Regulatory

Board
Function: Planning, Regulation and

Adjudication.
HLURB Board Approved the CLUP:
Comprehensive Land Use Plan- also known

as a general plan, master plan or land-use
plan, is a document designed to guide the
future actions of a community. It presents
a vision for the future, with long-range
goals and objectives for all activities that
affect the local government.
HUDCC- Housing and Urban Development

Coordinating Council
Function: Under the immediate control and

supervision of the President of the
Philippines, is charged with main function
of coordinating the activities of the
government housing agencies to ensure
the accomplishment of the National Shelter
Program.
Chairperson: VICE PRESIDENT MARIA

LEONOR G. ROBREDO
HOME GUARANTY CORPORATION (HGC)
Function: Guarantees and Tax/ Fiscal

Incentives
NHMFC- National Home Mortgage Finance

Corporation
Function: The major government home

mortgage institution. Its initial main
function is to operate a viable home
mortgage market.
SHFC- Social Housing Finance Corporation
Function: Mandated to undertake social

housing programs that will cater to the
formal and informal sectors in the low
income bracket.
Acrylic Adhesive- The superior water-

based acrylic floor adhesive for resilient
tiles and sheets, wood parquet, linoleum
and carpets. Best installed on concrete,
chipboard, hardboard, plywood, and other
types of sub-floors.
Brand: APO Floors

Trowels- Steel trowels are used to apply,

spread, and smooth plaster. The shape and
size of the trowel blade are determined by
the purpose for which the tool is used and
the manner of using it.
Four common types of plastering trowels:

1. The rectangular trowel, with a blade
approximately 4 1/2 inches wide by 11
inches long, serves as the principle
conveyor and manipulator of plaster.
Tagalog Term: Rodelang bakal
2. The pointing trowel, 2 inches wide and

about 10 inches long, is used in places
where the rectangular trowel doesn’t fit.
3.The margin trowel is a smaller trowel,

similar to the pointing trowel, but with a
square, rather than a pointed, end.
4. The angle trowel is used for finishing

comer angles formed by adjoining right-
angle plaster surfaces.
Locking pliers- Also known Mole grips

(mole wrench) or vise-grips are pliers that
can be locked into position, using an over-
center action. One side of the handle
includes a bolt that is used to adjust the
spacing of the jaws, the other side of the
handle (especially in larger models) often
includes a lever to push the two sides of
the handles apart to unlock the pliers.
"Mole" and "Vise-Grip" are trade names of
different brands of locking pliers.
Different Configuration:
Needle-nose locking pliers, locking

wrenches, locking clamps and various
shapes to fix metal parts for welding.
Try Square- is a woodworking or a

metalworking tool used for marking and
measuring a piece of wood. The square
refers to the tool's primary use of
measuring the accuracy of a right angle
(90 degrees); to try a surface is to check
its straightness or correspondence to an
adjoining surface.
Tagalog term: Squala
Hand Scraper
266 "Utilities" Fire Detection and Alarm System
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is a device that senses

smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.
Commercial security devices issue a signal
to a fire alarm control panel as part of a
fire alarm system, while household smoke
detectors, also known as smoke alarms,
generally issue a local audible or visual
alarm from the detector itself.
Characteristic:
Smoke detectors are housed in plastic
enclosures, typically shaped like a disk
about 150 millimetres (6 in) in diameter
and 25 millimetres (1 in) thick, but shape
and size vary.
LEED: Leadership in Energy and

Environmental Design is one of the most
popular green building certification
programs used worldwide.
Developed by the non-profit U.S. Green

Building Council (USGBC) it includes a set
of rating systems for the design,
construction, operation, and maintenance
of green buildings, homes, and
neighborhoods that aims to help building
owners and operators be environmentally
responsible and use resources efficiently.
Awardee:
Zuellig Building, Makati - LEED Platinum
2013
Tera Tower, Pasig- LEED Gold 2016

Philippine Green Building Council

(PHILGBC)
Is a national non-stock, non-profit
organization that promotes the sharing of
knowledge on green practices to the
property industry to ensure a sustainable
environment.
Building for Ecologically Responsive Design

Excellence (BERDE)
-Program was developed by PHILGBC as an
appropriate response to the Philippine
building industry’s need to proactively
address the negative impacts of climate
change in the property sector.
BERDE Certification
Net Lima Building, BGC
Architect: Chad Oppenheim
Hacksaw- is a fine-toothed saw, originally

and principally made for cutting metal.
They can also cut various other materials,
such as plastic and wood; for example,
plumbers and electricians often cut plastic
pipe and plastic conduit with them.
Commercial Size:
Blades are available in standardized
lengths, 10 or 12 inches (254 or 305 mm)
for a standard hand hacksaw. "Junior"
hacksaws are 6 inches (152 mm) long.
270 "Building Technology" PPE Equipment
PPE- Personal protective equipment
Safety Harnest- is a form of protective

equipment designed to protect a person to
injury or damage.
The harness is an attachment between a

stationary and non-stationary object and is
usually fabricated from rope, cable or
webbing and locking hardware.
Rawl Eye Bolt
Tox w/ Metal Screw
Barrel Bolt- a rod-shaped bolt for fastening

a door or the like, attached to one side of
the door at the edge and sliding into a
socket on the frame of the opening.
Vernacular Term- Trankilya
Adjustable Wrench- Also known adjustable

spanner (UK) is a wrench with a "jaw" of
adjustable width, allowing it to be used
with different sizes of fastener head (nut,
bolt, etc.) rather than just one fastener, as
with a conventional fixed spanner.
Telephone Crimping Pliers
Shovel-
Is a tool for digging, lifting, and moving
bulk materials, such as soil, coal, gravel,
snow, sand, or ore. Shovels are used
extensively in agriculture, construction,
and gardening.
Yuchengco Museum, RCBC Plaza courtyard
Architect: Skidmore Owings & Merrill, W.V.

Coscolluela & Associates
278 "Building Technology" Manpower
Tinsmith- Also known as a Whitesmith,

Tinner, Tinker or Tin plate worker.
A worker who makes or repair things of

sheet metal
Vernacular Term: Latero
Solar street light- are raised light sources

which are powered by photovoltaic panels
generally mounted on the lighting
structure or integrated in the pole itself.
The photovoltaic panels charge a
rechargeable battery, which powers a
fluorescent or LED lamp during the night.
Advantages-
1.Solar street lights are independent of the
utility grid. Hence, the operation costs are
minimized.
2.Solar street lights require much less

maintenance compared to conventional
street lights.
3.Since external wires are eliminated, risk
of accidents are minimized.
4.This is a non polluting source of
electricity
5.Separate parts of solar system can be
easily carried to the remote areas
6.It allows the saving of energy and also
cost.
Disadvantages:
1.Initial investment is higher compared to
conventional street lights.
2.Risk of theft is higher as equipment costs
are comparatively higher.
3.Snow or dust, combined with moisture
can accumulate on horizontal PV-panels
and reduce or even stop energy
production.
4.Rechargeable batteries will need to be
replaced several times over the lifetime of
the fixtures adding to the total lifetime
cost of the light.
Jigsaw- Is a power tool made up of an

electric motor and a reciprocating saw
blade.
A jigsaw with a bevel function on the sole

plate allows cutting angles of typically up
to 45 degrees relative to the normal
vertical stroke for cutting miter joints.
Type of Blade Use: T-shank blades
Controllability:
The blades are small, weak and entirely
unsupported at the lower end. Good cut
control requires the presence of blade
rollers, which keep the blade aligned just
above the sole plate. Heavy cast sole plate
saws are somewhat better than pressed
steel for sawing line control too. To guide a
jigsaw on curved cut, it must be steered

(turned) and not forced to move sideways.
The usage of sharp blades is important
also to get high quality cuts.
Door Stop- also door stopper, door stop or

door wedge)
Is an object or device used to hold a door

open or closed, or to prevent a door from
opening too widely. Alternatively, a
doorstop can be a thin slat built inside a
door frame to prevent a door from
swinging through when closed. A doorstop
(applied) may also be a small bracket or
90 degree piece of metal applied to the
frame of a door to stop the door from
swinging (bi-directional) and converting
that door to a single direction (in-swing
push or out-swing pull).
Foot Bolt- a bolt operated by foot pressure

and attached to the bottom of a door to
hold it in either open or closed position.
Adjustable Caliper- Also known Vernier

Caliper an instrument for measuring
thicknesses and internal or external
diameters inaccessible to a scale.
a caliper formed of two pieces sliding

across one another, one having a
graduated scale and the other a vernier.
Adaptor- is a device that converts

attributes of one electrical device or
system to those of an otherwise
incompatible device or system. Some
modify power or signal attributes, while
others merely adapt the physical form of
one electrical connector to another.
Concrete Vibrator- A concrete vibrator is a

construction tool used on concrete pouring
sites. A variety of manufacturers build
these machines and an assortment of
attachments designed for multiple
applications. A vibrator is used to ensure
that a pour is even and free of air bubbles
so that the concrete will remain strong and
have a smooth finish even afterthe
formwork is removed. While not necessary
for small jobs, this tool is essential on
large load bearing projects.
Acrylic Emulsion
is a water-based emulsion polymer paint

that dries to a clear, glossy finish that
protects painted exterior and interior
walls. It is also used as a sealer on
concrete plasters when applied as first
coat. It can also be used as a protective
coating for walls on engineered stones,
bricks, washouts and newly painted
surfaces.
PRACTICAL COVERAGE: 20-25 square

meter / 4 liters / coat
Straight Squeeze Type Connector-
Are used in dry locations to bond flexible

metal conduits to boxes or enclosures.
Rugged metallic construction maintains
mechanical protection and solid grounding
of the conduit to the designated electrical
junction box or enclosure. Quick set screw
squeezes tight on conduit
Spring Bolt
Pvc Flexible hose
Commercial Size:
Roll-100 meters per Roll
Size- 3/4",1",1.5",& 2"
Color- Color Orange Usually use in
Electrical Wiring
Circuit Breaker- A miniature or molded -

case circuit breaker is an automatically
operated electrical switch designed to
protect an electrical circuit from damage
caused by overcurrent or overload or short
circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt
current flow after protective relays detect
a fault.
Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes,

from small devices that protect an
individual household appliance up to large
switchgear designed to protect high
voltage circuits feeding an entire city. The
generic function of a circuit breaker, RCD
or a fuse, as an automatic means of
removing power from a faulty system is
often abbreviated to ADS (Automatic
Disconnection of Supply).
Type: Bolt On
Elevated/ Overhead Tank- Used in private

system 30-35 feet
Tank type Position: Saddle

Minimum Water Supply: 150 Liters per
capita per day.
Level Type: Level 3 (Individual House
Connection)
Pipe Union- is a type of fitting equipment

designed in such a way to unite two pipes
which can be detached without causing
any deformation to the pipes. Any kind of
small diameter piping connections
requiring a positive seal and easy
assembly as well as disassembly
Magnetic Door Holder
Door Bumper - Half Dome Style
Socket Wrench- Is a type of wrench or

spanner that has a socket attached at one
end, usually used to turn a fastener.
The most prevalent form is the ratcheting

socket wrench, often called a ratchet. A
ratchet is a hand tool in which a metal
handle is attached to a ratcheting
mechanism, which attaches to a socket,
which in turn fits onto a type of bolt or nut.
Type of Socket:
Deep Socket
Shallow Socket
296 "Building Technology" Equipment /Tools
"Building Technology" Equipment /Tools
Plunge Router- is a tool used to rout out

(hollow out) an area in the face of a
relatively hard workpiece, typically of
wood or plastic. The main application of
routers is in woodworking, especially
cabinetry. The router is most commonly
used as a plunging tool and also inverted
in a router table.
Hole Saw- also known as a hole cutter
Is a saw blade of annular (ring) shape,

whose annular kerf creates a hole in the
workpiece without having to cut up the
core material. It is used in a drill. Hole
saws typically have a pilot drill bit at their
center to keep the saw teeth from walking.
The fact that a hole saw creates the hole
without needing to cut up the core often
makes it preferable to twist drills or spade
drills for relatively large holes (especially
those larger than 25 millimetres (1.0
inch)). The same hole can be made faster
and using less power.
298 "Design, Building Laws (PD1096 & BP344) & Professional Practice"
"Araneta Center Bus Terminal"

Transportation Facilities
Architect Minimum Basic Fee

Simple Type(Group 3)
Old SPP 8% MBF- 60% for Architect, 40%
for Engineers
New SPP 7% MBF- 60% for Architect, 40%
for Engineers.
Classification: Under Division E-1

Zoining: UTS (Utilities,Transportation and

Services)
Space Requirements for a Bus Terminal:

1. Bus Platform Loading area and Driveway
2. Public Seating/ Passenger Waiting Area
3. Ticketing Facilities
4.Baggage Room
5.Dispatch Office
6. Admin Office
7. Public Amenities
8. Parking Area
Type of Bus Terminal: Inter-City Bus

Terminal
1 Car slot for every 500m2 of GFA
Bus Parking Slot Dimensions:

3.6 x 12 Meters Min.
This type of Platform loading: Straight

Sawtooth Loading.
Requirements for Public Transportation

(BP344)
1. Regular Buses - 5 Seats for Disabled
2. Air Conditioned Buses/ First Class- 4
Seats for Disabled
Trellis (architecture)
Is an architectural structure, usually made

from an open framework or lattice of
interwoven or intersecting pieces of wood,
bamboo or metal that is normally made to
support and display climbing plants,
especially shrubs.
Sensor Flush Valve
Specification:
Recessed duct type flush valve which
automatically flushes the Urinal after every
use.
The flush valve is within the service duct.
Mains powered but stepped down to 12
volts DC for safety.
Air Curtain- Also known as Air Door
Is a device used to prevent air or

contaminants from moving from one open
space to another. The most common use is
a downward-facing blower fan mounted
over an entrance to a building, or an
opening between two spaces conditioned
at different temperatures.
GRG Fully Perforated Ceiling Tiles
Technical Specifications:
Materials: Glass Reinforced Gypsum

Size: 595mm X 595mm
Thickness: 12mm
Surface: Moisture Resistant Paint
Light Reflectance: 0.85 - 0.90 (Certified)
This Example at the Gateway Cubao
Freight Elevator- Also known service

elevator, cargo elevator, or goods lift in
the United Kingdom.
Freight elevators are generally required to

display a written notice in the car that the
use by passengers is prohibited (though
not necessarily illegal), though certain
freight elevators allow dual use through

the use of an inconspicuous riser.
Freight elevators are typically larger and

capable of carrying heavier loads than a
passenger elevator, generally from 2,300
to 4,500 kg.
Type of Flooring:
Diamond Plate- Also known as checker
plate, tread plate.The added texture
reduces the risk of slipping.
Manufacturer: Otis Elevator Company

Otis is the world's leading elevator
manufacturer. Otis Hydraulic elevators
have been performance proven in
thousands of installations around the
world. The complete line of Freight
elevators have been pre-engineered and
manufactured for Otis to meet our exacting
standards and ensure our customers of
consistent, high quality installations. Otis
offers two configuration options in each of
the standard duties: 6000, 10000, and
12000 pounds.
This Example taken at Sta. Ana Hospital
304 "Building Technology & Building Laws (PD1096)
Sky Lights- Are light transmitting

fenestration (elements filling building
envelope openings) forming all, or a
portion of, the roof of a building's space
for daylighting purposes.
PD1096 Rules:
1. All Skylights shall be constructed with

Metal Frames Except for Group A & J
Occupanies.
2. All SkyLights The Glass of which set at

an Angle of Less than 45 deg. from
Horizontal.
3.Spacing between supports in one

direction not exceed 625mm.
4. Corrugated wired Glass may have

supports 1.50meters apart forn in the
direction of the corrugation.
5, All glass in Skylight be Wired Glass.
Spray Gun- a device resembling a gun that

is used to spray a liquid such as paint or
pesticide under pressure.
Construction: (Painting)
We use this in Duco Finish with
collaboration of Air Compressor
Socket wrench- Also known as Ratchet
A socket wrench is a type of wrench or

spanner that has a socket attached at one
end, usually used to turn a fastener.
A ratchet is a hand tool in which a metal

handle is attached to a ratcheting
mechanism, which attaches to a socket,
which in turn fits onto a type of bolt or nut.
Fiberglass mesh- Also known wire mesh

tape
In Construction: (Painting Works)
Wire mesh tape use frequently in Drywall

finishers. it is common to replace the
paper tape used to float the joint between
two pieces of drywall.
The mesh that drywall finishers use comes

on a roll just like paper drywall tape. The

added benefit for the drywall finisher is to
roll out the mesh over a great distance
before having to apply the first coat of
joint compound.
Drywall finishers also use this tape to

patch holes.
Nipple (plumbing)
A nipple is a fitting, consisting of a short
piece of pipe, usually provided with a male
pipe thread at each end, for connecting
two other fittings.
Types:
1. Open/ Shoulder Nipple- Threaded at the
end of the pipe.
2. Closed Nipple- Fully Threaded
Metal Spreader
Function: For Body fillers and spot putty.

application.
Deadlock- Kind of Lock has a key cylinder

on both the inside and outside.
The lock can either be surface- or mortice-

mounted. A mortice is simply a cavity or
recess cut into the edge of the door in
which the locking mechanism is located.
Usually Use:
Deadlocks, dead bolts and dead latches are
commonly used on the main exterior
doors.
311 "History of Architecture, Professional Practice, Design"
"Quezon City Hall"
(History of Architecture)
Architecture Style- Federal Style/
NeoClassical
Architect- Ruperto Gaite
(Professional Practice)
Moderate Type/ Group 2
OLD SPP 7% MBF, 60% Architects/ 40%
Engineers
NEW SPP 6% MBF, 60% Architects/ 40%
Engineers
(Design) Rule VII

Occupancy Classification: Division C-1-
Government Centers
Zoining: General Institutions (GI)
General Spaces in the Building:
San Agustin Church (Intramuros Manila)
Architecutre Style: Baroque

Architect: Juan Macías
*Clasified as World Heritage Site

* Oldest Church in the Philippines
Lung Center of the Philippines
Architect: Jorge Y. Ramos
314 "History of Architecture" Baroque Architecture
San Agustin Church (Intramuros Manila)
Interior View
Toggle bolt- also known as a butterfly

anchor
Is a fastener for hanging things on hollow

walls, such as drywall. Toggle bolts have
wings that open inside a hollow wall,
bracing against it to hold the fastener
securely.
The wings are much larger than the bolt

they are attached to. This spreads the
weight of the secured item over a larger
area, increasing the weight that can be
secured compared to a regular bolt.
Lag Shield Anchor- are designed for

anchoring into concrete, brick and block.
Lag Screws are used to expand the Lag
Shield Anchor against the concrete, brick
or block.
Hollow Wall Anchor- is an all metal, light

duty, cavity fixing for plasterboard and
other hollow wall materials up to 38mm.
Galvanized Iron Wire
Description:
Type: Hot Dipped Galvanized wire and

Electro Galvanized Wire
Wire Diameter: 0.6mm to 4.5mm
Product Purchase: Kilos
Use: Binding wire in the Construction

Industry. Also as material of Wire mesh
BDO Corporate Center North & South Twin

Tower (Bel Air, Makati City)
Architecture Style: Skyscraper
Architect: Leandro Locsin

*3rd National Artist for Architecture
History of the Building:

The PCIBank (Philippine Commercial
International Bank) is the Original/ 1st
owner of this building.
320 "Building Laws" (PD1067) Water Code of the Philippines, Architect

Minimum Basic Fee & Design Rule 7 & 8
Patar Beach (Bolinaw, Pangasinan)
Professional Practice:
Resort Complexes
OLD SPP 8% MBF- 60% Architects, 40%

Engineers.
NEW SPP 7% MBF- 60% Architects, 40%
Engineers.
PD 1067 (Water Code of the Philippines)
Easement: For Agricultural Areas 20

meters per side of water way.
Design Rule 7 & 8
Zoining: PUD- Planned Unit Development

at a Coastal Area
Finishing Sanders- is a power tool used to

smooth surfaces by abrasion with
sandpaper. Sanders have a means to
attach the sandpaper and a mechanism to
move it rapidly contained within a housing
with means to hand-hold it or fix it to a
workbench. Woodworking sanders are
usually powered electrically, and those
used in auto-body repair work by
compressed air.
Jet Pump:-is a type of impeller-diffuser

pump that is used to draw water from
wells into residences. It can be used for
both shallow (25 feet or less) and deep
wells (up to about 200 feet.)
323 "Utilities" Telecommunication System
Splitter- is a device that divides a

telephone signal into two or more signals,
each carrying a selected frequency range,
and can also reassemble signals from
multiple signal sources into a single signal.
Vinyl Tiles: is a finished flooring material

used primarily in commercial and
institutional applications.
Economical Use: Modern vinyl floor tile is

frequently chosen for high-traffic areas
because of its low cost, durability, and
ease of maintenance.
Vinyl tiles have high resilience to abrasion

and impact damage and can be repeatedly
refinished with chemical strippers and
mechanical buffing equipment.
Usual Commercial Size & Packaging"

1. 12" x 12" Thk. 1.3mm(Common)- 60pcs
per Box.
2. 4" x 38" Thk. 1.3mm (Common)-43pcs

per Box.
325 "Building Technology" Floor System
Floor Expansion Joint Cover (EJC) - For

Interior or Exterior application that is
designed to smoothly blend into any
surface providing an aesthetic apperance.
Beveled edges and serrated plates provide

traction for pedestrian safety.
Key Specification:
1.Floor to Floor
2. Joint Width 1" to 4"
3. Optional Fire Rated
4. Optional Vapor Barrier
326 "Building Technology" Cabinet Hardware
Double Roller Catches- Use to keeping your

cabinet doors closed.
The smooth roller allows the pin to fit

snugly holding everything securely.
Keyed Window Lock
328 "Building Laws (BP344), Professional Practice,& Building Technology"
Lrt 2 Train Station/ Transportation

Facilities
Architect Minimum Basic Fee

OLD SPP 8% MBF- 60% Architect/ 40%

Engineers
NEW SPP 7% MBF- 60% Architect/ 40%
Engineers
BP344 (Accessibility Law)
Seating Capacity for Disabled Persons
Passenger Train- 6 Seats per Car nearest

to the Door
Kind of Roof Frame:
Space frame or space structure is a truss-

like, lightweight rigid structure
constructed from interlocking struts in a
geometric pattern. Space frames can be
used to span large areas with few interior
supports. Like the truss, a space frame is
strong because of the inherent rigidity of
the triangle; flexing loads (bending
moments) are transmitted as tension and
compression loads along the length of each
strut.
329 "Utilities" Pllumbing
Bidet
330 "History of Architecture & Building Technology"
Ramon Magsaysay Center

(Roxas Boulevard,Manila)
Designed By:
Structure was designed by Alfredo J. Luz
Consultation with:
Italian-American designer Pietro Belluchi
of Boston and Alfred Yee associates of
Honolulu, a pioneer in forecast and pre-
stressed concrete structures.
Architectural Style: Minimalist style
Structural Design:
There were twelve travertine-clad that
reinforced concrete columns like tree
trunks which flare out to support the
massive block of multi-story office spaces.
The main support of the building is the

cast-in-place concrete shear wall sore over
deeply embedded concrete piles.
Interior Function & Design:

Introduced the column-free concept and
the use of movable partitions. Also used
materials that are fire-resistant for the
gypsum boards and metal runners of the
dividing walls of the interior for additional
safety purposes.
Exterior Facade Design: It was clad with

travertine marble slabs embedded to the
frame of the building. These types of
materials require minimal maintenance but
still gives an elegant view of the building.
331 "History of Architecture, Building Technology & Design"
Philippine General Hospital (PGH)
Architect: William E. Parsons

Architecture Style: Neo-classic style
Master planning of the PGH renovation

project:
Architect: J. Ramos
Construction Design: (Materials)

The Building Include the Cornerstone
design
Cornerstone also known as foundation

stone. concept is derived from the first
stone set in the construction of a masonry
foundation, important since all other
stones will be set in reference to this
stone, thus determining the position of the
entire structure.
Design: Rule 7 & 8
Occupancy Classifications: Group D

Zoning Classifications: General
Institutional (GI)
Tertiary state-owned hospital administered

and operated by the University of the
Philippines Manila.
Tertiary referral hospital(Level 3 Hospital)-

is a hospital that provides tertiary care,
which is health care from specialists in a
large hospital after referral from primary
care and secondary care.
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
Architect: Gabriel Formoso
World Trade Center Metro Manila (WTCMM)
Architect/ Designer: M. Arthur Gensler Jr.

& Associates
334 "History of Architecture, Professional Practice, Building Laws, Design Rule

7&8"
Mall of Asia Arena
History of Architecture
Architect: Arquitectonica
Professional Practice
Stadia- Exceptional Type (Group 3)

OLD SPP-8% MBF, 60% Architect, 40%
Engineers.
NEW SPP-7% MBF, 60% Architect, 40%
Engineers
Design Rule 7 &8

1.Mall of Asia Arena is an indoor arena
within the SM Mall of Asia complex, in
Pasay
2. Seating Capacity-Seated: 15,000, Full
house: 20,000
Occupancy Classifications: Group I-

Occupant Load 1000 or more, Division I-1
Zoning Classification:
For Building Reference: Cultural (CUL)
For Site Reference: Planned Unit
Development (PUD) at a reclamation area
Parking Space Requirements:

1 car slot for every 50sqm of spectator
area
1 jeepney slot for every 50sqm of
spectator
1 bus parking slot for every 200 spectators
area
General Design Requirements:
Min. Occupant Load- Unit area per

occupant:
PD1096 & RA 9514- 0.65sqm per occupant
Min. Number of Exits:

PD1096 & RA 9514- 1000 or more
occupants must 4 Exits Min.
Spacing of Seats Min.

PD1096- 840mm
RA9514-830mm
Aisle Slope Max.

PD 1096:1:8
RA 9514: 12.5%
Plumbing Code of the Philippines (RA1378)
Assembly (Public Use)

Water Closet
Male- 1:1-100pax
2: 101-200pax
3: 201- 400pax
Female- 3:1-50pax
4:51-100pax
8:101-200pax
11:201-400pax
Over 400 add 1 fixtures for each add. 500
males and 2 for each 300 females
Urinals:
1:1-100pax
2:101-200pax
3:201-400pax
4:401-600pax
Over 600 add. 1 fixture for each add, 50
males
Lavatories:
1:1-200pax Both Male & Female
2:201-400pax
3:401-750pax
Over 750 add 1 fixture for each add. 500
pax both
Architectural Style: Modern Romanesque
Architect:
The present Modern Romanesque church is
the third to be built on the same site. It
was designed by Architect César Concio.
Construction Time History:

It took six years to build because most of
the money came from small
donations.(1953-1958)
Paco Railway Station
Architect- William E. Parsons

Architectural Style: Early Beaux Arts
Architecture
Beaux-Arts architecture- Expresses the

academic neoclassical architectural style.
Beaux-Arts architecture depended on
sculptural decoration along conservative
modern lines, employing French and
Italian Baroque and Rococo formulas
combined with an impressionistic finish
and realism.
Silo- Is a structure for storing bulk

materials.
Commonly Used:
Used for bulk storage of grain, coal,
cement, carbon black, woodchips, food
products and sawdust.
Type of Silos:
Cement storage silos- There are different
types of cement silos such as the low-level
mobile silo and the static upright cement
silo, which are used to hold and discharge
cement and other powder materials such
as PFA (Pulverised Fuel Ash). The low-
level silos are fully mobile with capacities
from 10 to 75 tons.
This allows any quantity of cement or

powder discharged from the silo to be
controlled and also provides an accurate
indication of what remains inside the silo.
The static upright silos have capacities
from 20 to 80 tons. These are considered a
low-maintenance option for the storage of

cement or other powders.
Cement can be stored in different types of

Silos like Horizontal Mobile Silos, Concrete
Silos, Steel Panel Silos etc. depending
upon the requirement of the end user.
Conrad Hotel Manila
Architect: Wow Architect 😂
339 "Building Technology & Building Laws (RA9514)"
Turnstile- Also called a baffle gate or

turnstyle.
Function: Is a form of gate which allows

one person to pass at a time. It can also be
made so as to enforce one-way traffic of
people, and in additionIt can restrict
passage only to people who insert a coin, a
ticket, a pass, or similar.
Application: Turnstiles are used at a wide

variety of settings, including stadiums,
amusement parks, mass transit stations,
office lobbies, airports, ski resorts, and
casinos.
RA9514- Fire Code of the Philippines

1. Approved Turnstiles not over 91cm may
be used in any occupancy where revolving
doors are permitted.
2. Over 91 cm shall be subject to the
requirements for revolving doors.
3. Immediately adjacent or within 6.1m of
a swinging door or gate opening freely in
the direction of exit travels.
This example taken at Fitness First at

TwoE-com Prism Plaza

7&8"
TwoE-com Prism Plaza, SM Mall of Asia
History of Architecture:
Architect/ Designed:
Foreign Architect: Arquitectonica
Local Architect: FS Lim & Associates
*SM’s Two E-Com named best office dev’t

in Philippines by (Philippine Daily Inquirer
/ 12:47 AM May 23, 2012)
Professional Practice: Architect Minimum

Basic fee
Moderate/ (Group 2)-Office

Building/Mixed Use Building
OLD SPP- 7% MBF 60% Architect, 40%

Engineers
NEW SPP- 6% MBF 60% Architect, 40%
Engineers.
Design Rule 7 & 8:
E-Com Center, a 15-level twin tower

developed by SM Land in the Mall of Asia
complex in Pasay City, was cited as the
Best Office Development in the Philippines
in the 2012 Asia Pacific Property Awards.
Occupancy Classification: Group E, Division

E-2
Zoning Classification:
For Building Reference- C-2
For Site Reference- PUD- Planned Unit
Development at a Reclamation Area
General Design Requirements:
Occupant Load: 9.3sqm (PD1096&RA9514)
Fire Sprinkler System- All Business

occupancy buildings 15 meters or more in
height shall be provided with a sprinkler
system
Office Building Type:

Mid Rise Office- 6 to 15 Level Structure
Office Planning:
1. Management- Isolated from general
office traffic and casual interruptions
2.Finance- Accounting Dept.,Purchasing
Dept., Personnel Dept. and Data
Processing.
3. Sales- All purpose room,
Trainings,Meetings, Conference and
Demonstrations.
4. General Services- Central Files,Library,
Mail handling and General Communications
5. Technical Services- Located near the
activites they assist (Production, Sales and
etc)
6. Production- Usually in second office
7. Service Area- Mechanical & Electrical
and Etc.
Building Laws (RA 1378) Plumbing Code of

the Philippines
Office building
Water Closet
Male: 1:1-100pax
2. 101-200pax
3: 201-400pax
Female: 1:1-200pax
2:201-400pax
3: 401-750pax
Lavatories:
Male/Female 1:1-200pax
2:201-400pax
3: 401-750pax
Urinals:1:1-100pax
2:101-200pax
3:201-400pax
4:401-600pax
WheelBarrow- is a small hand-propelled

vehicle, usually with just one wheel,
designed to be pushed and guided by a
single person using two handles at the
rear, or by a sail to push the ancient
wheelbarrow by wind. The term
"wheelbarrow" is made of two words:
"wheel" and "barrow." "Barrow" is a
derivation of the Old English "bearwe"
which was a device used for carrying
loads.
The wheelbarrow is designed to distribute

the weight of its load between the wheel
and the operator so enabling the
convenient carriage of heavier and bulkier
loads than would be possible were the
weight carried entirely by the operator.
Typical Capacity: Approximately 100 liters

(4 cubic feet) of material.
342 "Building Technology" Table Accessories
Groumet
Evaporative cooler- Also swamp cooler,

desert cooler and wet air cooler.
Is a device that cools air through the

evaporation of water. Evaporative cooling
differs from typical air conditioning
systems which use vapor-compression or
absorption refrigeration cycles.
Evaporative cooling works by exploiting
water's large enthalpy of vaporization. The
temperature of dry air can be dropped
significantly through the phase transition
of liquid water to water vapor
(evaporation), which can cool air using
much less energy than refrigeration. In
extremely dry climates, evaporative
cooling of air has the added benefit of
conditioning the air with more moisture for
the comfort of building occupants.
344 "Building Technology" Glass Type
Smoked glass- Is a flat sheet of glass held

in the smoke of a candle flame (or other
inefficiently burning hydrocarbon) such
that one surface of the sheet of glass is
covered in a layer of smoke residue.
Smoked glass is glass manufactured with

darkening materials incorporated, such
that light passing through the glass is
decreased in brightness. It can be used
aesthetically, for example, in the
manufacture of coffee tables with smoked
glass tops. It can also be used in scientific
instruments as a filter, as in the use of
smoked glass in cross-staves and sextants,
allowing operators to make sun sightings
without damaging their eyesight.
Grease trap- also known as grease

interceptor, grease recovery device and
grease converter.
Is a plumbing device designed to intercept

most greases and solids before they enter
a wastewater disposal system. Common
wastewater contains small amounts of oils
which enter into septic tanks and
treatment facilities to form a floating scum
layer. This scum layer is very slowly
digested and broken down by
microorganisms in the anaerobic digestion
process.
Fan Coil Unit (FCU)- is a simple device

consisting of a heating and/or cooling heat
exchanger or 'coil' and fan. It is part of an
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
(HVAC) system found in residential,
commercial, and industrial buildings. A fan
coil unit is a diverse device sometimes
using ductwork, and is used to control the
temperature in the space where it is
installed, or serve multiple spaces. It is
controlled either by a manual on/off
switch or by a thermostat, which controls
the throughput of water to the heat
exchanger using a control valve and/or the
fan speed.
Concrete Buckets- Is a specialized

container attached to a machine, as
compared to a bucket adapted to the form
of a human being. It is a bulk material
handling component.
Function: It helps to deliver concrete on a

specific site of a building by the means of a
tower crane. They have a bottom opening
to allow concrete to flow out of the bucket
when in-place.
Wire Brush- Also known as Steel Brush
Is a tool, consisting of a handle, usually

wood or plastic, and a brush. The brush is
usually made from a large number of steel
wire bristles. The steel used is generally a
high carbon variety and very hard. Other
wire brushes feature bristles made from
brass or stainless steel, depending on
application.
Function:
Used for cleaning rust and removing paint.
Suspended scaffolds (Gondola): Are

platforms suspended by ropes, or other
non-rigid means, from an
overhead structure. Supported scaffolds
consist of one or more platforms supported
by outrigger
beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights,
posts, frames, or similar rigid support.
Type of Suspended Scaffolds:
TWO-point (swing stage): Platform

supported
by hangers (stirrups) suspended by two
ropes
from overhead supports and equipped with
a
means to permit the platform to be raised
and
lowered.
Curb Cut-Outs
1. Curb cut-outs should only be allowed

when it will not obstruct a walkway or in
any way lessen the width of a walkway.
2. The minimum width of a curb cut out

should be 0.90m.
3. Curb cut-outs should not have a
gradient not more than 1:12.
Best example of Curb Cut-Outs with

Handrail :D Bihira lang to buti nahanap ko
hehehe
Rag- A piece of cloth used for cleaning,

washing, or dusting.
Vernacular Term- Estopa

Ballcock- Also known as also balltap or

float valve
Is a mechanism or machine for filling

water tanks, such as those found in flush
toilets, while avoiding overflow and (in the
event of low water pressure) backflow.
It consists of a valve connected to a hollow

sealed float by means of a lever, mounted
near the top of the tank. The float is often
ball-shaped, hence the name ballcock. The
valve is connected to the incoming water
supply, and is opened and closed by the
lever which has the float mounted on the
end. When the water level rises, the float
rises with it; once it rises to a pre-set
level, the mechanism forces the lever to
close the valve and shut off the water flow.
This is an example of negative feedback
and of proportional control.
Kitchen Sink Strainer Basket
354 "Professional Practice,Design Rule 7 & 8 & Building Technology"
PLDT Building & Tower, Espana Manila

Basic Fee
Exceptional (Group 3) Telecom Building
OLD SPP- 8% MBF Architect 60%,

Engineers 40%
NEW SPP- 7% MBF Architect 60%,

Engineers 40%
Design Rule 7 & 8
Occupancy Clasiffication
PLDT Building: Division E-2 (Business &
Mercantile)
PLDT Tower: Division J-2 (Accessory)
Zoning Classification
PLDT Building: C-2
Office Building- 1 slot/ 125m2 of Gloss
Floor Area.
Office Building Types:

Mid-Rise Office- 6 to 15 level structure
Occupant Load: 9.3sqm per person
Building Technology: Radio masts and

towers
Radio masts and towers- Are, typically, tall

structures designed to support antennas
(also known as aerials) for
telecommunications and broadcasting,
including television.
Reinforced Concrete Towers-(PLDT Tower)

Are relatively expensive to build but
provide a high degree of mechanical
rigidity in strong winds. This can be
important when antennas with narrow
beamwidths are used, such as those used
for microwave point-to-point links, and
when the structure is to be occupied by
people.
Ceramic Tile- Is made up of sand, natural

products, and clays and once it has been
moulded into shape they are then fired in a
kiln.
When making ceramic tiles they can either

be glazed or unglazed, but the majority of
homeowners have glazed ceramic tiles in
their home.
Benifit of Ceramic Tiles:

1. Durability-
2. Resistances
3. Color Permanence
4. Hygienic
For Estimate (Packaging)

Reference:Mariwasa Brand
1. 20cm x 20cm- 25pcs per Box/Carton

6. 60cm x 60cm- 4pcs per Box/ Carton
Gypsum board- is often called drywall,

wallboard, or plasterboard. It differs from
other panel-type building products, such
as plywood, hardboard, and fiberboard,
because of its noncombustible core and
paper facers.
When joints and fastener heads are

covered with a joint compound system,
gypsum wall board creates a continuous
surface suitable for most types of interior
decoration.
Advantages of Gypsum Board

Construction:
1.Ease of installation
2.Fire resistance
3.Sound isolation
4.Durability
5.Economy
6.Versatility
ASTM (American Society for Testing and

Materials)
C1396, C36 -Standard Specification for
Gypsum Board
Commercial Size (Common)

1.2m x 2.4m (4' x 8')
Thickness- 1/4", 5/16", 3/8", 1/2", 5/8",

3/4" and 1"
Wood Air Ventilation Grilles
This type of air vent usually seen at Eave

Ceiling
Sheet Vinyl Flooring is manufactured as

one solid, continuous piece of Flooring that
comes in a large roll, which can allow for a
seamless installation depending on the
size of your room. The benefit is you’ll
have modern flooring that looks like real
wood or tile, without joints or spaces that
could trap moisture or soil. Many
customers prefer Vinyl Sheet Flooring
because it is budget-friendly, moisture
resistant, low maintenance, plus it has
antimicrobial protection to inhibit the
growth of bacteria. And, with so many
styles to choose from, there are options to
complement almost any décor.
Sheet Vinyl Considerations:

*Sheet Vinyl Flooring has a 5-ply double
encapsulated construction that provides

durable, cost-effective, high-resolution
Hardwood and Stone visuals. This Flooring
also has moisture-resistant properties that
help it to withstand humidity. Its layers
include:
1. First Layer- This is a top urethane layer

that helps resist scuffs, scrapes, and stains
and allows for easy cleaning and
maintenance.
2. Texture Layer: This gives the look and

feel of real stone or wood with exceptional
clarity.
3.Foam Layer: This layer provides

additional resilience and also helps the
Flooring resist “telegraphing” or
indentations.
4.Fiberglass Layer: This layer helps ensure

the flooring will not contract, expand,
crack or curl. It lends the Flooring its
strength and durability.
5.Comfort Layer: This layer provides soft

cushioning support, helps reduce traffic
noise and provides a comfortable walking
surface.
Actual Consideration:
By LG Hausys (NatureLife): is a durable,
true-to-life heterogeneous commercial
sheet flooring able to withstand heavy
traffic, making it the perfect floor for
hospital and healthcare settings as well as
hospitality and government facilities.
Commercial Size/ Estimate

Dimensions: 1.5mm(T) x 2.0m (W) x 25m
(L) per roll
359 Building Technology" Materials & Estimate
Tile Adhesive- Is a thin-bed tile bonding

material engineered for fixing ceramic
floor and wall tiles to rendered concrete
surfaces. This cement-based tile bonding
adhesive (TBA) can be used for interior
and exterior applications.
How to use:
Mixing: Pour a predetermined quantity of
Eurotiles Superior Tile Adhesive into a
clean receptacle or pail. Add a clean tap
water (approximately ¼ liter of water for
every kg. of adhesive), mix until smooth
paste is achieved free of lumps. Let stand
for about 10 minutes and mix again before
use. The mixture must be used within 3-4
hours.
Technical Data/ Estimate
Consumption:Approximately 3-4 kg/m2

(5mm)
Mixing Ratio:Approximately 25 kg: 6 ¼ L
Pot Life: 3-4 hours
Application Time:<15 minutes
Application Temperature:10°C to 38°C
Open to Traffic:24 hours
Curing Time:28 days
Strength of Adhesion:12-14 kgf/cm2 (28
days)
Shelf Life:12 months (if stored in cool dry
place)
Bench Grinder- Is a type of benchtop

grinding machine used to drive abrasive
wheels. A pedestal grinder is a larger
version of a bench grinder that is mounted
on a pedestal, which is bolted to the floor.
Used/ Function:
These types of grinders are commonly

used to hand grind cutting tools and

perform other rough grinding.
Depending on the grade of the grinding

wheel it may be used for sharpening
cutting tools such as lathe tools or drill
bits. Alternatively it may be used to
roughly shape metal prior to welding or
fitting.
Digital Door Lock- Yale digital door locks

bring you keyless convenience to unlock
your door. Choose from the latest in digital
door locking technology - fingerprint,
smart card or keypad - to open your door.
Each offers an immediate door opening
solution and adds simplicity to your
lifestyle.
In addition to this, we have also put a lot

of effort in the aesthetic design of these
products, so that your Yale Digital Door
lock can actually enhance the appearance
of your door while securing it at the same
time.
Ang mahal pala nito kasing presyo ng

Laptop baka ito unang manakaw heheheh
362 "Building Technology" PEE (Personal Protective Equipment)
Hard Hat- is a type of helmet

predominantly used in workplace
environments such as industrial or
construction sites to protect the head from
injury due to falling objects, impact with
other objects, debris, rain, and electric
shock. Suspension bands inside the helmet
spreads the helmet's weight and the force
of any impact over the top of the head. A
suspension also provides space of
approximately 30 mm (1.2 inch) between
the helmet's shell and the wearer's head,
so that if an object strikes the shell, the
impact is less likely to be transmitted
directly to the skull. Some helmet shells

have a mid-line reinforcement ridge to
improve impact resistance.
Colors and Identification:
Hard hat colors can signify different roles

on construction sites.
White: Architect, Engineers, Managers,

Foremen or Supervisors.
Brown Fiberglass: Welders and other

workers for high heat applications.
Green: Safety Inspector
Yellow: General laborers
Blue: Carpenters, Technical advisers
Orange: Road crews, new employees or

visitors.
For Identification: (Sticker)

Supervisors often are not familiar with all
workers on a construction site. Often,
stickers, labels and markers are used to
mark hard hats so that important
information can be shared.
ANSI( American National Standard

Institute)
Type of Hard Hat:
Class E (Electrical) hard hats provide the

highest level of protection against
electrical hazards, with high-voltage shock
and burn protection
(up to 20,000 volts). They also provide
protection from impact
and penetration hazards by flying/falling
objects.
Class G (General) hard hats provide impact

and penetration resistance
along with limited voltage protection (up

to 2,200 volts).
Class C (Conductive) hard hats provide

lightweight comfort and impact
protection but offer no protection from
electrical hazards.
Plywood-Is a sheet material manufactured

from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer
that are glued together with adjacent
layers having their wood grain rotated up
to 90 degrees to one another.
All plywoods bind resin and wood fibre

sheets (cellulose cells are long, strong and
thin) to form a composite material. This
alternation of the grain is called cross-
graining and has several important
benefits: it reduces the tendency of wood
to split when nailed at the edges; it
reduces expansion and shrinkage,
providing improved dimensional stability;
and it makes the strength of the panel
consistent across all directions.
Standard Size: 1220mm x 2440mm (4' x

8')
Standard Thk.: 3/16", 1/8", 1/4", 3/8",
1/2", 3/4", 1"
Type of Plywood:Common
1.Ordinary Plywood
2. Phenolic Plywood-
*Identification of Phenolic Plywood with
Film Coating usual color is Black
3. Marine Plywood- Waterproofed
* Identification of Marine Plywood by
Sticker,Tag ,Seal or Darker Color
4.Fancy Plywood- Narra Bookmatched,
Kalantas Rotary Cut, Tanguile Ribbon-
Grained, Lauan Rotary Cut and Dao
Bookmatched.
Application:
For Wall, Flooring and Ceiling
For Interior and Exterior Use (Marine
Plywood)
Known Supplier/ Distributor/Vendor:

SANTA CLARA MARINE PLYWOOD
364 "Building Technology" Paint Finishes
Transparent Finishing Materials
Wood Stains- Consists of a colorant

suspended or dissolved in an agent or
solvent. The suspension agent can be
water, alcohol, petroleum distillate, or the
actual finishing agent.
Colored or 'stained' finishes, like

polyurethane, do not penetrate the pores
of the wood to any significant degree and
will disappear when the finish itself
deteriorates or is removed intentionally.
Types of Wood Stains:
Oil Stains- Pigment are derived from

various earth clays. After they dissolved in
linseed oil, the coloring particles remain
suspended between the oil molecules.
Water Stains- Made from Anilyne Dyes and

mineral extracts which have dissolved in
hot water.
Spirit Stians (Alcohol)- These are mixed

with alcohol-solution anilyne poweders
and warmed alcohol.
365 "Utilities & Design Consideration" Mechanical
Generator: Is a Device/ Machine that

converts mechanical energy to electrical
energy for use in an external circuit.
Sources of mechanical energy include
steam turbines, gas turbines, water
turbines, internal combustion engines and
even hand cranks.
Electromagnetic generators fall into one of

two broad categories, dynamos and
alternators:
1. Alternating Current Generators- The

bulk of electrical energy utilized today is in
form of alternating current, including
energy for power and lighting.
2. Direct Current Generators- these furnish

electrical energy for elevators. escalator,
intercommunicating, telephone system,
control signal system, and clock system.
Special Generator:
Silent generator set are product that the
low noise power station is suitable for the
place where the noise level is limited.The
silent diesel generator's noise level is
lower than 70db,it has the features of
strong mobility,adaptability and operation.
*Cummins silent generator set and perkins

silent diesel generator are the world
famous products.
Design Consideration: Can be use in

Hospital, Church, Shooting Movie/
Occasional Program in some residential/
public place that the noise level is limited
or not permitted.
Conduit Outlet Bodies:
Series 5 die cast copper-free aluminum

conduit bodies, covers and gaskets are
available for use with Rigid or EMT conduit
(with set screw)
Conduit bodies are available in trade sizes

1/2"–4", in the most popular conduit body
shapes (C, LB, LL, LR, T) and 1/2"–2" in TB
and X shapes.
Technical Specs.
1.Material:Copper-free aluminum
2.Cover Styles:Aluminum, with or without
integral gasket
3.Gaskets: Integral gasket on cover or
solid neoprene
G.T International Tower, Makati (2002)
Architectural Style: Skyscraper

Architects:
Local Architectural firms: GF & Partners
Architects and Gozar Planners Philippines
International Architectural firm: Kohn

Pedersen Fox Associates
The building has 47 floors above ground,

and 5 basement levels for parking.
Makati Medical Center
Architect: Luis Ma. G. Araneta
RCBC Plaza Yuchengco Tower, Makati

(2001)

Architects:
International Architectural firm: Skidmore,
Owings & Merrill, LLP.
Local Architectural firm W.V. Coscolluela &

Associates.
Floors:
Tower 1: 46 aboveground, 7 belowground
Tower 2: 41 aboveground, 7 belowground

7 & 8"
The Gramercy Residences
History of Architecture:
Architects:
Foreign Architectural Firm: California-
based architectural group Jerde
Partnership International,
Philippine Architectural firm: Roger

Villarosa Architects & Associates.
Professional Practice:
Moderate/ Group 2- Residential

Condominium
OLD SPP: 7% MBF ARCHITECT 60%,

EngineerS 40%
NEW SPP: 6% MBF ARCHITECT 60%,
EngineerS 40%
Design Rule 7 & 8

Brief History: The Gramercy Residences at
Century City, is a residential high-rise
condominium in Makati, Philippines. As of
2016, it is the second tallest building in the
Philippines.
*Tallest Residential Building in the Country

(Philippines)
Floor Count: 73 floors
Occupancy Classification: Group B

Zoning Classification: R-5
High Rise Building: 16 to more levels

Minimum Setback:
Front: 6 meters
Side and Rear: 3 meters
*Mixed Use Building/Structures in R-5 lots
shall be considered a commercial use or
occupancy if a substantial percentage,i.e.,
55% of the Gross Floor Area (GFA) is
commercial.
Firewall Provisions:
For 2 Sides Fire Wall- Side shall not exceed
75% of side property line: Total shall not
exceed 50% of perimeter
For One side & Rear- Side shall not exceed

65% of side property line; rear side shall
not exceed 50% of rear property line;
Total shall not exceed 60% of Perimeter.
Unit Area per occupant (Dwellings):

28sqm/ Occupant
Number of Exits:
Every storey with an occupant load of 500-
999 must have 3 Exits Min.
1000 or More Occupant load at least 4

Exits (Min)
Multi- Family Living Units up to 50sqm:

1 Slot/ 8 Units
Multi- Family Living Units 50m2 to 100m2:
1 Slot/ 4 Units
Multi- Family Living Units regardless of No.
stories average more than 100m2:
1 Slot/ 1 Unit
371 "Building Laws" BP344
Central Refuge (Crossing)
Central refuges have atleast 1.50 meters

depth and preferably 2 meters, provided as
a mid-crossing shelter.
Carriageway width to be crossed exceeds

10 meters.
Slower person negotiating a crossing a

walking speed of 0.90 meter/ second.
rather that 1.20meter/ second should be
considered a minimum crossing period of
6.0 seconds.
Medyo accurate to sakto nahanap ko hahah

nice planning nakakaganang tumawid sa
tamang tawiran
372 "Building Laws" BP344
Walkways
Minimum Width: 1.20 meters

Maximum Gradient: 1:20 or 5%
Maximum Cross Gradient of 1:100
Rest top or Turning Space(Wheelchair):

1.5 meters
Maximum distance between stops: 12
meters
Walkway Headroom (Clear): 2 meters
To Guide the Blind:

1.Planting shrubs ensure branches not
overhang in walkways/ paths.
2. Walkways should as much as possible
follow straight forward routes with right
angles (90deg.)
Adjustable Clevis Hangers
Characteristic & Function
Size Range: 1/2" through 30"

Material: Carbon steel
Finish: Plain, 8" & Smaller: Zinc Plated

(Hot-Dip Galvanized optional), 10" &
Larger: Hot-Dip Galvanized with Zinc
Plated Bolts & Nuts, or Primed, also
available in Plastic or Epoxy Coated.
Service: Recommended for the suspension

of stationary pipe lines.
Installation: Hanger load nut above clevis

must be tightened securely to assure
proper hanger performance.
Adjustment: Vertical adjustment without

removing pipe may be made from 3/8"
through 5-1/8", varying with the size of
clevis. Tighten upper nut after adjustment.
The Meralco Building , a.k.a. Lopez

Building
Architect: Jose Maria Zaragosa

*5th National Artist for Architecture
Building Technology:
Meralco building is a well-known elegant

architectural piece that masterfully used
the 1960s brise soleil, having the most
prominent feature of tapering mullions
that defined the facade.
Brise soleil-Is an architectural feature of a

building that reduces heat gain within that
building by deflecting sunlight.
Brise-soleils can comprise a variety of

permanent sun-shading structures,
ranging from the simple patterned
concrete walls popularized by Le Corbusier
The Meralco Building , a.k.a. Lopez

Building

*5th National Artist for Architecture
Building Technology:
Meralco building is a well-known elegant

architectural piece that masterfully used
the 1960s brise soleil, having the most
prominent feature of tapering mullions
that defined the facade.
Brise soleil-Is an architectural feature of a

building that reduces heat gain within that
building by deflecting sunlight.
Brise-soleils can comprise a variety of

permanent sun-shading structures,
ranging from the simple patterned
concrete walls popularized by Le Corbusier
Araneta Coliseum
Architect: Dominador Lacson Lugtu
the Coliseum received international

recognition and was recognized as the
largest covered coliseum in the world from
(1960 to 1963).
377 "Building Technology" Glass Door Hardware
Patch Fittings
yung malaki angle patch tawag
Contact Cement- Also known as contact

adhesive
Is a neoprene rubber adhesive that creates

a fast, flexible, permanent bond. It can be
used for almost anything but is especially
useful for nonporous materials that other
adhesives can't glue together.
Contact cement works best on plastics,

veneers, rubber, glass, metal and leather.
379 "Building Technology & Estimate"
Steel Bars or Rods- Reinforcement for

concrete construction is mostly in the form
of steel bars and rods of round or square
cross section.
The Bars may be plain or defermed.
Bar Diameter ASTM

10mm Dia = #3
12mm Dia = #5
16mm Dia = #6
Commercial Length: 6m,7.5m,9m,10.5m

and 12 meters
Estimate:
Formula: 7850 x π 3.1416 (D)2 X LENGTH/
4 X PCS
Sample Problem
Compute the total weight of 25 pcs 10mm
diameter. Available Commercial length of
rebars is 6 meters
=7850 x 3.1416 (10)2 x 6 meters / 4

= 7850 x 3.1416x100x 6 meters/ 4
= 3.699 x 25 pcs Rebars
= 92.48 kg
Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)
Concrete Block is a hollow masonry unit,

with two or three cells or cores, made of
the following ingredients: Portlang
cement, water and various types of
aggregates such as sand, gravel and
crushed stone
Types of Concrete Block:
1. Stretchers
2.Headers
3.Corner Blocks
4.Jamb Blocks
Number of Holes: 3 by NSCP
ASTM C331- Defines the Aggregates used

in concrete masonry units.
Standard Size: Common
THK: 4" (100mm), 6" (150mm) and 8"

(200mm)
HEIGHT: 8" (200mm)
LENGTH: 16" (400mm)
Estimate:
CHB-12.5 pcs per sqm
Sample Problem:
Compute the number of CHB needed in
30sqm Firewall. Use 8" CHB
=30sqm. Firewall X 12.5 pcs per sqm

= 375pcs CHB + 10 pcs = 385pcs
*Always allot allowance for contingency
381 "Utilities" Air Conditioning system & Estimate
FCU (Fan Coil Unit) Floor Mount Inverter

type
Fan Coil Unit Operation types:
Inverter- An air conditioner inverter is

used to control the speed of the
compressor motor to drive variable
refrigerant flow in an air conditioning
system to regulate the conditioned-space
temperature.
Types of Cooling Capacity
Tonner(TR)
1TR=12,000BTU/HR
Horsepower(HP)
1HP= 74Watts
Estimate & Formula
To get capacity required in room by HP:

HP= Area(m2) x 600/ 9000
To get capacity required in room by TR:

TR= Area (m2) x 600/ 12000
Sample Problem:
1. Get the ACU HP capacity required for a

150sqm Conference Room with ceiling
height of 3 meters?
HP= 150sqm x 600 / 9000

HP= 90,000 / 9000
HP = 10
2. How many TR is required for a 1250sqm

Auditorium, with ceiling height 4.5 meters
TR= 1250sqm x 600 / 12000

TR= 750,000/ 12000
TR= 62.5
Lumber- Is wood that has been processed

into beams and planks, a stage in the
process of wood production. Lumber may
also refer to currently un-needed furniture,
as in Lumber room, or an awkward gait,
ultimately derived from the look of
unfashionable and unwanted furniture.
Four available Classification of Lumber:
1.Strips: Lumber less than 2" thk and less

than 8" wide
2.Board Lumber: Pieces less than 2" thk
and less than 8" wide
3. Dimension Lumber: Pieces more than 2"
and less than 5" in any dimension.
4. Timbers: Pieces 5" or more on the
smalles dimension.
Seasoning of Lumber:
Air-Drying- In which the lumber is exposed
to the air
Kiln Drying- In which warm moist air or
superheated steam is used to heat the
wood and drive out moisture.
Available KD in market is S4S
S4S- stands for "surfaced on 4 sides"

meaning that the material is finished on all
four sides.
Formula:
Board Feet= Thickness(In) X Width (In) x
Length (Ft)/ 12
Estimate:
Sample Problem:
Estimate the board foot of wall frame 10
feet x 20 feet Partition wall. Use 2 x 2
lumber. for vertical frame space at 2 feet
and for horizontal frame space at 2 feet?
Solution:
First get the number of Slat:
Length of wall (20 feet= 6meters)
=20' / 2'
=10 + 1= 11 slat (Always add 1pc)
Height of wall (10 feet= 3 meters)

= 10'/2'
=5 + 1= 6slat (Always add 1pc)
Then you can get now the Board Feet:
Horizontal Slat:
BF= 2"x2"x10'/12 x 6pcs
BF= 40/12x 6pcs
BF=3.33 x 6pcs
BF= 20
Vertical Slat:
BF=2"x2"x20'/12x 11pcs
BF= 80/12x11pcs
BF= 6.66 x 11pcs
BF=73.26
Total Board Foot needed= 93.26
383 "Building Technology" Material- Wood Preservatives
Solignum is wood preservative that

provides sure protection against termites
(anay), woodborers (bukbok) and fungi
(amag). Solignum has been Tried, Tested
and Trusted in the Philippines for over 50
years now and is registered under

Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority (FPA).
Solignum is available in 2 variants:

Solignum Colourless and Solignum Brown
Brand Name/ Distributor: Jardine

Distribution Inc( No.1 known brand)
Variant: Colourless, Brown
Packaging: 1 Liter Can and 1 Gallon Can
Standard Stocking Unit:
1 carton x 12 @ 1 liter cans
1 carton x 4 gallon cans
Application: 3 Coats
Solignum Brown: No need to paint

Solignum Colourless: Need to paint
Solignum Colourless Az Aerosol: Ready to
use, No need to use Brush or Baby Roller
San Miguel Corporation Headquarters,

Mandaluyong
The Building was also Called "The

Battlestar Galactica"
Architect: Mañosa Brothers (Manuel,

Francisco, and Jose)
Francisco Mañosa is an architect renowned

for using native and indigenous materials
like nipa and bamboo in contemporary
architecture design.
Landscape:
*Ar. Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr.- 4th National

Artist for Architecture.(Landscape)
PBCom Tower, Makati
Architectural Style: Skyscaper

Architect:
International Architects: Skidmore, Owings
& Merrill,(OSM)
Local Architecture firm: GF & Partners
Architects
* Tallest Building in the Philippines since

2000.
Floor count: 52 aboveground, 7

belowground
Height:
Antenna spire:259 m (849.7 ft)
Roof: 241 m (790.7 ft)
The Peninsula Manila, Makati city
Brief History:
The Peninsula Manila is a 5-star hotel in
the Philippines. It is located on the corner
of Ayala Avenue and Makati Avenue in the
Makati Central Business District. It is
located also in Barangay Urdaneta. This
hotel is part of The Peninsula Hotels chain
based in Hong Kong and is the first hotel of
that chain outside of the Chinese territory.
BDO Corporate Center, Ortigas
Architect
• Design Arquitectonica
• Architect of Record: FSL & Associates,
Co.
LEED: Leadership in Energy and

Environmental Design:
BDO Corporate Center classified as LEED
Gold
Rufino Pacific Tower

Architect: Adrian Wilson (Rufino Tower)
Architect: Juan Felipe De Jesus Nakpil

(Rufino Building)
*Rufino Pacific Tower is the tallest Steel-

Frame building in the Philippines
Floor Count: 41
Height
Antenna spire: 200 m (656.17 ft)
Roof: 161 m (528.22 ft)
389 "Professional Practice & Design Rule 7 & 8"
LANDERS (Supermarket) Otis, Manila

Basic Fee
Moderate/ Group 2
OLD SPP- 7% MBF- 60% ARCHITECT, 40%
EngineerS
NEW SPP-6% MBF- 60% ARCHITECT, 40%
EngineerS
Group 6 (Repetitive)
- Re-Used Design and Contract document

for similar buildings without amending the
drawing and specification.
OLD SPP
1st Structure- 100% of MBF
2nd Structure- 80% of MBF
3rd Structure- 60% of MBF
Suceeding Structure- 40% of MBF
NEW SPP
1st Structure- 100% of MBF
2nd Structure- 50% of MBF
3rd Structure- 40% of MBF
Suceeding Structure- 30% of MBF
Design Rule 7 & 8
Occupancy Classification: Division E-2

Zoning Clasification: C-1
Supermarket- is a market distinct from a

wet and dry market and larger than
grocery in which shoppers serve
themselves by using baskets or pushcarts
in selecting commodities from shelves or
cold display storage and pay thier
purchase at the exit.
Store Size and Area Allocation
Free Standing supermarkets usually have

an average area: 2,000 to 3,000sqm.
Store Area: 75% to 80% allocated

Service Area: 20% to 25% allocated
50% for total equipment and fixtures

investment: meat section, dairy produce,
frozen food, delicacies and storage coolers
50% for- Grocery Items and Mini Stores

like Food chain, Pharmacy, Glassware etc.
Space Requirements:
Sufficient floor space: 1sqm per costomer
Ceiling Height:
Min. 3 meters
over 400sqm- 3.3 metes Min.
above 1,500- 3.5 meters Min.
Required Lighting Intersity: 215.2 Lux
Aisle & Shelving

Aisle Min Width: 1.5 meters
Back to back shelves: 1.2 meters
Displayed good should not exceed: 1.8
meters
and lower than .30 meter from the floor.
Cashier Counter:
up to 400sqm- 2-3 counter
500-799 sqm-3-4 counter
800-899 sqm- 4-5 counter
1000-1499sqm- 6-7 counter
1 parking slot/ 100sqm of supermarket
area
Professional Practice
Sample problem:
1. Compute the Architect Basic Minimum

Fee of Landers supermarket. The total
Construction Cost is 10,500,000.00?
For OLD SPP computation:

10,500,000.00 x 7%= 735,000.00
for Architect: 60% x
735,000.00=441,000.00
for Engineers: 40% x 735,000.00=
294,000.00
For NEW SPP:

10,500,000.00 x 6%= 630,000.00 MBF
for Architect: 60% x 630,000.00=
378,000.00
for Engineers: 40% x 630,000.00=
252,000.00
Problem #2
The Owner of Landers Supermarket
decided to build another branch same
Design, Contract Documents and

Specification somewhere in Mandaluyong
City, Quezon City, Pasig City and Makati
City. Compute the MBF each project use
the New SPP computation?
1. Mandaluyong City (1st Project)

630,000.00 x 100% of Basic fee=
630,000.00
2. Quezon City (2nd Project)
630,000.00 x 50% of Basic fee =
315,000.00
3. Pasig City (3rd Project)
630,000.00 x 40% of Basic fee=
252,000.00
4. Makati City (4th Project)
630,000.00 x 30% of Basic fee=
189,000.00
* For succeeding project same

computation in 4th project
Museum of Natural History (Manila)
Architectural Style: Neoclassical
Design & Construction

Architect: Antonio Toledo
Renovating Firm:
Dominic Galicia Architects
Brief History:
Former Names:
Agriculture and Commerce Building (1940)
Department of Tourism Building
Conversion to the Museum of Natural

History:
The National Museum of the Philippines

invited five architects to submit proposals
for the retrofiting and chose design of the
team from Dominic Galicia Architects and
interior designer Tina Periquet. Galicia's
design involved the maintenance of the

building's facade except for the addition of
a glass domed supported by a double helix
structure which was inspired from DNA.
The dome and supporting structure was
dubbed as the "Tree of Life" and will cover
the courtyard of the six-storey building
Burj Khalifa, Dubai
Architectural Style: Neo-futurism

Architect:
Adrian Smith and SOM
*It is the tallest structure in the world,

standing at 829.8 m (2,722 ft).
Design & Construction:
Building Materials: Glass, Steel,

Aluminium, Reinforced concrete
The design of Burj Khalifa is derived from

patterning systems embodied in Islamic
architecture, incorporating cultural and
historical elements particular to the
region, such as in the Great Mosque of
Samarra. The Y-shaped plan is designed
for residential and hotel usage. A
buttressed core structural system is used
to support the height of the building, and
the cladding system is designed to
withstand Dubai's summer temperatures.
Tower One & Exchange Plaza

Architect:
International Architectural Firm: Skidmore,
Owings and Merrill, LLP
Architect on Record: Leandro V. Locsin &
Partners
Floor Count: 35 above ground
NBI Nat’l. Bureau of Investigation , Taft

Ave.
Architect: Otillo Arellano
*Otilio Arellano is the son of Arcadio

Arellano and the nephew of Juan Arellano
Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Masjid: Also

known as the Grand Mosque of Cotobato
Architectural type: Mosque

Architect:
Designed by: A Christian Architects
*the Largest mosque in the Philippines.
Specification:
Capacity 15,000
Minaret height 43 m (141 ft)
Minaret- is a distinctive architectural

structure akin to a tower and typically
found adjacent to mosques. Generally a
tall spire with a conical or onion-shaped
crown, usually either free-standing or
taller than associated support structure.
The basic form of a minaret includes a
base, shaft, and gallery.

Pre Historic Architecture
Stonehenge- is a prehistoric monument in

Wiltshire, England, 2 miles (3 km) west of
Amesbury and 8 miles (13 km) north of
Salisbury.
Stonehenge's ring of standing stones are

set within earthworks in the middle of the
most dense complex of Neolithic and
Bronze Age monuments in England,

including several hundred burial mounds.
*The world and the best-known prehistoric

monument in Europe.
Chromlech- Circular Arrangements of

Megaliths
Megalith- is a large stone that has been

used to construct a structure or
monument, either alone or together with
other stones.
Menhir- is a large upright standing stone.
Dolmen- is a type of single-chamber

megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two
or more vertical megaliths supporting a
large flat horizontal capstone, although
there are also more complex variants.
Monolith- is a geological feature consisting

of a single massive stone or rock, such as
some mountains, or a single large piece of
rock placed as, or within, a monument or
building.
Stone Circle- is a monument of standing

stones arranged in a circle or ellipse.
396 "History of Architecture & Professional Practice"
UAP- United Architects of the Philippines,
Brief History:
The United Architects of the Philippines

(UAP) was born on December 12, 1974 out
of the noble vision of unifying the three (3)
existing architectural associations at that
time - the Philippines Institute of
Architects (PIA), the League of Philippine
Architects (LPA) and the Association of
Philippine Government Architects (APGA).
Through the concerted efforts of the
officers and members of the three
organizations, the vision officially

materialized on March 26, 1975, where the
UAP was registered with the Philippines'
Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC). On May 12, 1975, the UAP was
granted Certificate No. 001, the first
professional organization to be accredited
by the Professional Regulation Commission
(PRC).
The United Architects of the Philippines is

the Integrated and Accredited Professional
Organization of Architects (IAPOA) in the
Philippines.
UAP is registered with the Securities and

Exchange Commission (SEC) as a non-
stock, non-profit organization
International Affiliations:
1.International Union of Architects (UIA)

2.Architects Regional Council for Asia
(ARCASIA)
3.Eastern Regional Organization for
Planning and Human Settlements
(EAROPH)
4.APEC Architect Central Monitoring
Council
5.ASEAN Architect
1st UAP Chapter President:

NORBERTO M. NUKE, FUAP(1975)
UAP National President:
1st UAP National President:

JOSE V. HERRERA,FUAP(1976)
Immediate Past National President:

Ar. MARIA BENITA OCHOA
REGALA,FUAP,AA
UAP National President 2016-2017

Ar. GUILLERMO H. HISANCHA,
FUAP,AA,APEC AR
Binondo Church
Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture

Architect: Domingo de la Cruz González
(Early Architect)
Brief History:
The original structure of the Binondo

Church, formally known as Our Lady of the
Most Holy Rosary Parish or the Minor
Basilica and the National Shrine of San
Lorenzo Ruis, was constructed in 1956,
Founded by the Dominican Friars, it is one
of the oldest places of Christian worship i n
the Philippines.
Heavily damaged during the Second World

War, the Binondo church was
reconstructed in three phases and
completed in 1984. A new three-story
parish center and convent was added at
the back of the church..
Baroque Architecture: Is a term used to

describe the building style of the Baroque
era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy,
that took the Roman vocabulary of
Renaissance architecture and used it in a
new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often
to express the triumph of the Catholic
Church and the absolutist state. It was
characterized by new explorations of form,
light and shadow and dramatic intensity.
Binondo Church (InteriorView)
The most striking feature of the rebuilt

interior is the more marble and gilded
reredos depicting the façade of St. Peter’s
Basilica in Rome.
Reredos: A reredos or raredos is a large

altarpiece, a screen, or decoration placed
behind the altar in a church. It often
includes religious images.
A reredos can be made of stone, wood,

metal, ivory, or a combination of materials.
The images may be painted, carved, gilded,
composed of mosaics, and/or embedded
with niches for statues. Sometimes a
tapestry is used, or other fabric such as
silk or velvet.
399 "History of Architecture & Structural Conceptualization"
Eiffel Tower, Paris France
Designer:
Gustave Eiffel, Architect/ Engineer
Architect: Stephen Sauvestre

Structural Engineer:
Maurice Koechlin & Émile Nouguier
Height:
Tip: 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall
Architectural: 300 m (984 ft)
The tallest structure in Paris, The second-

tallest structure in France
Structural Conceptualization/ Building

Technology:
Eiffel Tower: is a wrought iron lattice

tower.
"a great pylon, consisting of four lattice
girders standing apart at the base and

coming together at the top, joined
together by metal trusses at regular
intervals"
Eiffel Tower is named after the engineer

Gustave Eiffel.
"I ought to be jealous of the tower. She is

more famous than I am." - Gustave Eiffel
Eiffel Tower is a SHE?
Mobile Placing Boom & Concrete pump

truck
The type of concrete pump is attached to a

truck or longer units are on semi-trailers.
It is known as a boom concrete pump
because it uses a remote-controlled
articulating robotic arm (called a boom) to
place concrete accurately.
Boom pumps are used on most of the

larger construction projects as they are
capable of pumping at very high volumes
and because of the labour saving nature of
the placing boom. They are a revolutionary
alternative to line-concrete pumps.
Mobile placing boom is featured by “z”

type three folding arms, 360° rotation. It
can pitch, extend and fold. Within the
scope of boom length, our mobile placing
boom can achieve full range of three-
dimensional space pouring without dead
band. Daswell mobile placing boom can
easily realize the pouring of wall, pipe, pile
and column, etc. It is fully hydraulic. Our
mobile placing boom adopts button control
with easy operation and stable movement.
Manila Doctor’s Hospital , U.N. Ave.
Architect: Luis Maria Zaragosa Araneta
The Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy
Architectural Style: Romanesque

Architect: Bonanno Pisano
Specification:
Height: 55.86 metres (183.3 ft)
Materials in Construction: Marble & Stone
Brief History:
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the
campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of
the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa,
known worldwide for its Unintended Tilt.
Construction:
Leaning Tower of Pisa and Cathedral was
designed as a circular bell tower that
would stand 185 feet high. It is
constructed of white marble.
The tower has eight stories, including the

chamber for the bells.
The bottom story consists of 15 marble

arches. Each of the next six stories
contains 30 arches that surround the
tower.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa was declared a

Unesco World Heritage Site (1987)
F & C tower (Formerly Picache Building),

Quiapo Manila
Architectural Style: International Style

Architect: Angel Nakpil
* 1st Highrise Building in the Philippines
Angel Nakpil: Is Havard trained Filipino

Architect
Gyeongbokgung, South Korea
The Main royal palace of the Joseon

Dynasty.
The largest of the five grand palace built

by the joseon dynasty.
Gyeongbokgung served as the home of the

kings of the Joseon dynasty. As well as the
government of Joseon.
405 "History of Architecture" Japanese Architecture
Shitennō-ji, Osaka Japan
Shitennō-ji- Is a Buddhist temple in Ōsaka,

Japan. It is sometimes regarded as the
first Buddhist and oldest officially
administered temple in Japan.
The garan consists of a five-story pagoda,

a main Golden Pavilion
Japanese Pagodas:
-Square Plan
-Mostly 5 Storey, 45m Height
-Virtually suspendedaround a central -
timber, stable against earthquake shocks
Sagrada Família, (Barcelona, Catalonia,

Spain)
Architectural style: Modernisme

Main Architect: Antoni Gaudi
Current Chief Architect: Jordi Fauli
Sagrada Família- Is a large Roman Catholic

church in Barcelona, designed by Catalan
Spanish architect Antoni Gaudí (1852–
1926). Gaudí's work on the building is part
of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Design style:
The style of la Sagrada Família is variously
likened to Spanish Late Gothic, Catalan
Modernism and to Art Nouveau or Catalan
Noucentisme. While the Sagrada Família
falls within the Art Nouveau period.
Spires:
Gaudí's original design calls for a total of
eighteen (18) spires, representing in
ascending order of height the Twelve (12)
Apostles
Facade:
The Church will have three grand façades:
the Nativity façade to the East, the Passion
façade to the West, and the Glory façade to
the South.
Interior:
The church plan is that of a Latin cross
with five aisles. The central nave vaults
reach forty-five metres (150 ft) while the
side nave vaults reach thirty metres (100
ft). The transept has three aisles. The
columns are on a 7.5 metre (25 ft) grid.
407 "History of Architecutre"
Quiapo Church, Manila
Architectural Style: Baraque Architecture

Architect: Juan Nakpil- Rebuild the Church
Expansion and Recognition as Minor

Basilica
Architect: José Ma. Zaragoza
Brief History:
The Franciscan missionaries built the first
church of Quiapo with Bamboo and Nipa
materials but it was burned in 1639 and
was rebuilt with a stronger edifice.
408 "Building Technology" Bricks works
Flemish Bond
Consists of alternate headers and

stretchers in each course.
409 "Building Technology" Types of Pavers
Interlocking Pavers
Pavers- Small and Independent, withstand

abuse flexing, rather than cracking, under
pressure. The individual pavers absorb
heating and movement.
410 "Tropical & Sustainable Design" Green Wall
Green Creeper Plants
Climbers and creepers is a group of plants

or vines that grow vertically.
Used: Can be used to provide masses of

foliage so are useful to cover walls, trees
or a fence.
Climbers and creepers can also provide

great privacy but they do need a bit of
attention and care.
411 "Building Technology" Type of Pavers
Permeable Pavers
Brand Name or Trademark: Tuftstone/

Turfblock Pavers
Louvre Museum, Paris, France
Louvre Museum is the world's largest

museum and a historic monument in Paris,
France.
The Louvre is the world's second most

visited museum after the Palace Museum
in China.
The museum is housed in the Louvre

Palace, originally built as a fortress in the
late 12th century under Philip II.
Remnants of the fortress are visible in the
basement of the museum.
Grand Louvre Pyramids:
Architectural Style: Neo Modernism
Architect I. M. Pei- (Leoh Ming Pei) was

awarded the project and proposed a glass
pyramid to stand over a new entrance in
the main court.
Turning Torso, Sweden
Architectural Style: Neo-Futurism

Architect: Santiago Calatrava
The tallest building in Scandinavia.
The project was designed by Spanish

architect, structural engineer, sculptor and
painter Santiago Calatrava and officially
opened on 27 August 2005.
Structural Design:
The Building design is a solid immobile
building constructed in nine segments of
five-story pentagons that twist relative to
each other as it rises; the topmost
segment is twisted 90 degrees clockwise
with respect to the ground floor.
Technical Details:
Floor Count: 54 Floors
Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Architectural Style: Postmodern

Architect: César Pelli
The Petronas Towers, also known as the

Petronas Twin Towers.
*The tallest buildings in the world from

1998 to 2004 and remain the tallest twin
towers in the world.
Height:
Architectural: 452 m (1,483 ft)
Floor Count: 88 (+5 below ground)
Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia
Architectural Style: Expressionist

Architect: Jorn Utzon
The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue

performing arts centre in Sydney,
Australia. It is one of the 20th century's
most famous and distinctive buildings..
Design Concept::
A modern expressionist design, with a
series of large precast concrete "shells"
Structural system: Concrete frame &

precast concrete ribbed roof.
The building's exterior is largely clad with

aggregate panels composed of pink granite
quarried at Tarana.
Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
Architect: Moshe Safdie
Marina Bay Sands is an integrated resort

fronting Marina Bay in Singapore.
Marina Bay Sands has three 55-story hotel

towers.
The three towers stand as individual

modules, but are unified at Level 23, and
again at the top of the towers by the
SkyPark cantilever sitting 200 meters
above the city. If that sounds awesome,
then consider the area of the SkyPark .
The SkyPark has the world's longest

elevated swimming pool with a 146-metre
(478 ft) vanishing edge, 191 metres above
ground.
Design:
Inspired by card decks
Burj Al Arab, Dubai, UAE
Architectural Style: High-tech
Designer:
Structural Engineer: WS Atkins & Partners
Architect: Tom Wright
Concept:
Tom Wright design of the hotel reflects the
seafaring heritage of Dubai, resembling
the spinnaker sail of a J class yacht.
Structural: The structure of this

masterpiece of architecture is made up of
steel profiles and ensures its stability both
for its triangular shape in plan and for the
triangulation of their facades.
World's tallest building with membrane

facade
Technical Details:
Floor count: 56 (3 below ground)
Araneta Underpass, Quezon Ave
Type of Column: Pier Column
Pier is usually used as a general term for

any type of substructure located between
horizontal spans and foundations.
However, from time to time, it is also used
particularly for a solid wall in order to
distinguish it from columns or bents.
A pier that consists of multiple columns is

often called a bent.
Learning Hub (The Hive), Singapore
Architect: Heatherwick Studio's
Lead Architect- local architects CPG

consultants on the project.
Learning Hub, a new multi-use building for

Singapore's NTU university, responds to
the transforming role of the university
campus in the 21st century.
The Learning Hub embraces this shift,

recognising the most important asset of
the campus in the information age - social
space.
The design challenges traditional

university environments of 'miles of
corridors linking box-like lecture rooms'
which can be socially isolating,
individualistic learning environments.
Constructions & Materials
The structural columns have been treated

with a distinct undulating texture and the
facade with a horizontal striped pattern.
The custom treatment of the concrete adds

a layer of tactility to the project, the entire
building appearing to be 'handmade from
wet clay'.
Philippine Arena, Bocaue, Bulacan
Architect: Populous (Global mega-

architecture firm)
Construction Management: Korean firm,
Hanwha Engineering and Construction.
The Philippine Arena is the world’s largest

mixed-use indoor theatre.
Building Details:
Concept:
The initial design concept of the Philippine
arena is inspired by Narra tree, The roof
was inspired by that of a Nipa Hut.
The arena has 4 floors or levels.

Maximum capacity of 55,000 people,
Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, France
Architectural Style: Gothic Architecture
Is a medieval Catholic cathedral. The

cathedral is widely considered to be one of
the finest examples of French Gothic
architecture, and is among the largest and
most well-known church buildings in the
world.
The Notre-Dame de Paris was among the

first buildings in the world to use the flying
buttress.
Why they use Flying Buttress: (Support for

the Vault)
The building was not originally designed to

include the flying buttresses around the
choir and nave but after the construction
began, the thinner walls grew ever higher
and stress fractures began to occur as the
walls pushed outward. In response, the
cathedral's architects built supports
around the outside walls, and later
additions continued the pattern.
22 Hectare Tutuban Station, Divisoria
Architect: William Vargas Coscolluela

Pacific Plaza Condominium , Makati

Architect: Recio+Casas Architects
The 45-storey luxury residential

condominium was completed in 1990,
offering units at 285 square meters each –
the biggest units at that time. It has since
become a benchmark of today’s high-rise
living standards and is one of the tallest
residential buildings in the country.
Construction:
The Pacific Plaza also boasts of being the

first in the Philippines to use the highest
strength of concrete to compensate for its
height.
The building also utilized rose-colored

reflective glass which gives it a distinctive
look.
Quezon Memorial Circle
Architect:
Master Plan: Francisco Manosa
Quezon Memorial Shrine: Federico Ilustre

Architectural Themed: Art Deco Style
Three mourning angels holding

sampaguita:
Sculptor: Francesco Monti
Technical Details:
Shrine height: The 66-metre (217 ft)

Simala Church, Sibonga Cebu
Brief History:
The Simala Shrine is like a castle from afar,

that’s what I described this awesome and
miraculous place.
The European Cathedral design from the

south of Cebu become popular and
travelers and tourists droves to Simala
Shrine in Lindogon, Sibong to witness how
wonderful the architectural structure of
this miraculous church and also pray their
concerns in life give thanks for their
blessings.
Dubai Mall, UAE
Architect: DP Architects Pte Ltd.
The Dubai Mall- is a shopping mall in Dubai

and the largest mall in the world by total
area.
World records and achievements:

1.Largest mall in the world with total area
1,124,000 m²
2.Worlds fifteenth largest mall with Gross

Leasable Area (GLA) 350,000 m²
3.World’s largest acrylic panel (Aquarium)

inside Dubai Mall.
Sto. Nino de Mactan Church, Cebu
Architect: Jose Mari Canizares

428 "Professional Practice, Design Rule 7 & 8 & Planning"
Veranda Residences, Townhouse

Basic Fee
Residential/ Group 4
SPP OLD&NEW = 10% MBF, Architect
60%, Engineers 40%
Design Rule 7 & 8
Townhouse: a usually single-family house

of two or sometimes three stories that is
usually connected to a similar house by a
common sidewall. And have parking space
within the lot.
Row House: Dwelling Unit Containing 3 or

more living units designed in such a way
that they abut each other and are
separated from each other by Firewalls.
Occupancy Classification: Group B

Zoning Classification: R-4
Fire Wall Provision: For R-4

Two sides Fire wall- Side shall not exceed
85% of side property line
Total shall not exceed 50% of perimeter.
Minimum Setback:
Front: 4.50 meters

Side & Rear: 2.0 meters
Building Height Limit- R-4

Number of Floors= 3 floors Max/ 10
meters
Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy:

Inside Lot- Not more than 80%
Corner Lot- Not more thant 90%
Minimum Exits: 2 each unit
Parking Space- R-4 Occupancies

Unit with 50sqm GFA- Min 1 parking slot

for every 2 units
Units with 50sqm to 150sqm GFA- Min 1

parking slot for every 1 unit
Units with more than 150sqm sqm GFA-

Min 2 parking slots for each Units.
Unit area per occupant: (Sqm): 28sqm
Air Space requirements: 14 cubic meters of

air space per person.
Baguio Catholic Cathedral
The rose-colored Baguio Catholic

Cathedral, located on top of a hill in the
heart of the city, is one of the more
familiar and most visited landmarks of
Baguio. This beautiful structure has twin
spires and is one of the most
photographed buildings in the city. From
Session Road it is accessible by
pedestrians who ascend a long concrete
stairway of more than a hundred steps.
*The construction of the cathedral by

phases was begun on a hill which was
originally referred to as "Kampo" by the
native Ibalois.
The Baguio Cathedral is the biggest

catholic church in Baguio.
Paco Park, Paco Manila
Architect: (Landscape)
Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr.
Paco Park is circular in shape, with an

inner circular fort that stood as the original
cemetery. Its walls were made hollow to

serve as niches, and as the population
continued to grow, a second outer wall
was built with thick adobe walls. The top
of the walls were then made into pathways
for promenades. A small, domed Roman
Catholic chapel was also built inside the
walls of the park and was dedicated to St.
Pancratius.
St. Pancratius Chapel-

the Paco Cemetery is a chapel dedicated to
St. Pancratius,a Roman citizen who
converted to Christianity, and was
beheaded for his faith at the age of just 14
around the year 304. His name is Greek
and literally means "the one that holds
everything".
Paoay Church, Ilocos Norte
Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture,

Earthquake, Baroque
The Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the

most outstanding example in the
Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'.
Fourteen (14) buttresses are ranged along
the lines of a giant volute supporting a
smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal
finials.
A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each

nave wall have stairways for access to the
roof.
The lower part of the apse and most of the

walls are constructed of coral stone blocks,
the upper levels being finished in brick, but
this order is reversed on the facade.
The massive coral stone bell tower, which

was added half a century after the church
was completed, stands at some distance
from the church, again as a protection
against damage during earthquakes.
The UNESCO (United Nations Educational,

Scientific and Cultural Organization)
List of World Heritage Sites in the

Philippines
The 4 Baroque Churches of the Philippines

(UNESCO)
1.Paoay Church, Ilocos Norte- UNESCO

1993
2.Santa Maria Church, Ilocos Sur
3. Miagao Church, Iloilo
4. San Agustin Church, Manila
Jose P. Laurel Ancestral House (Manila)
The Jose P. Laurel Ancestral House

(Filipino: Tahanan ni Jose P. Laurel) is a
historic house in Manila, Philippines. It is
one of the three houses owned by the
President of the Second Philippine
Republic, José P. Laurel.
Declaration as a Historic Building:

the ancestral house was designated as a
Historic Building (House Type) by the
National Historical Commission of the
Philippines, in March 1998.
Architecture:
This residential structure reflects the
architectural style common around that
time known as Bahay-na-Bato ("House-of-
Stone"). Masonry materials constitute the
lower level or the ground floor of the
house while wooden materials and capiz-
shell windows dominate the upper floor.
The roofing of the house is made of
corrugated galvanized iron while its vented
eave ceilings are decorated with simple
cut-out floral design. Ornate grill works
also adorn the windows in the ground floor
and the ventanillas (small shuttered

openings below the windows) of the upper
floor. Adjoining the northwest portion of
the house is the garage area with an
azotea or rooftop.
Part of Bahay na Bato:
PARTS from GROUND FLOOR ;

a.) ZAGUAN – where wine carriages &
saint’s floats are usually kept.
b.) CUADRA – horse table.
c.) BODEGA – a storage room for keeping

old furniture & palay bins.
d.) ENTRESUELO – a mezzanine elevated

1.0 mt. Above the ground usually located
on the floor of the masters bedroom right
underneath his bed.
e.) PATIO – an enclosed courtyard open to

the sky & adjacent to Zaguan
SECOND FLOOR
a.) CEREMONIAL STAIRS – 1st 3 steps
made of stone concrete then succeeding
steps made of wood.
b.) CAIDA – an antesala, an all purpose rm.

For dining, sewing, & dancing.
c.) SALA – a living room.
d.) COMEDOR – dining room.
e.) COCINA– kitchen w/c sometimes built

separately but connected to the house.
f.) DISPENSA – use as a food storage,

adjacent to kitchen.
g.) BANO or paliguan – bathroom

separately from the toilet.
h.) CUARTO – sleeping area.

i.) AZOTEA – open terrace open to the

toilet, use for laundry drying space.
j.) BALCON – overhang balcony, over

looking the streets.
k.) ALJIBE – cistern storage of collected

rainwater, underneath azotea.
Iglesia Ni Cristo Locale of Templo Central,

Quezon City
Architect: Carlos Antonio Santos Viola
Zuellig Building, Makati

Architect:
International Architectural Firm Skidmore,
Owings and Merrill.
Local Architectural Firm: W.V. Coscolluela
& Associates.
The Zuellig Building is an office skyscraper

located in the Makati Central Business
District in Metro Manila, Philippines and is
one of buildings taller than 150 m in the
area.
The first Platinum level LEED Core and

Shell building in the Philippines upon its
completion in 2013.
Technical Details:
Floor Count: 33 aboveground, 5
underground
Height: 155 m (508.53 ft)
Rockwell Center, Makati
Architect:
International Architectural Firm Skidmore,
Owings & Merrill (SOM)
Local Architect: Felino Palafox Jr. (Master

Plan)
Rockwell Center is a high-end mixed-use

area in Makati City, Philippines. It is a
project of Rockwell Land Corporation
which is in turn owned by the Lopez
Holdings Corporation. Rockwell Center was
first developed in 1998 and is being
expanded since 2012.
The SOM carried out the design under the

direction of former design partner Larry
Oltmanns.
Its centerpiece, the Power Plant Mall,

opened on December 26, 2000. The
Rockwell Center includes office buildings,
condominium towers, a law and business
school and a shopping mall.
Waiting Shed,
This Waiting shed is one example of

Cantilever.
Cantilever- is a rigid structural element,

such as a beam or a plate, anchored at
only one end to a (usually vertical) support
from which it is protruding.
Cantilevers can also be constructed with

trusses or slabs. When subjected to a
structural load, the cantilever carries the
load to the support where it is forced
against by a moment and shear stress.
Cantilever construction allows for

overhanging structures without external

bracing, in contrast to constructions
supported at both ends with loads applied
between the supports, such as a simply
supported beam found in a post and lintel
system.
Additional Information (History of

Architecture)
*Busan Cinema Center, South Korea- The

world's longest cantilever roof.
Holmbladsgade Kvarterhuset Community

Centre, Denmark
Architect: Dorte Mandrup
The Neighbourhood Centre is located in

former industrial buildings from 1880.
Today the scheme houses a local library
and a café as well as office facilities on the
upper floors.
The structural changes to the existing

building consists primarily of the partial
removal of the existing floor decks in order
to create a new, triple-high foyer space
running the length of the building.
Nat’l. Press Club Bldg. Manila
Architect: Angel E. Nakpil
National Press Club

The four-storey main building was built in
June 1954 and inaugurated on December
30, 1955 by President Ramon Magsaysay.
It was designed by the late Angel E. Nakpil
as one of the modern and first earthquake-
proof buildings in the Philippines, and
constructed by Engr. Alberto T. Abaya.
National Museum of Fine Arts, Manila

(Formerly Legislative Building)

Architect: Juan M. Arellano
Brief History:
The building was originally designed by
Bureau of Public Works (precursor of the
Department of Public Works and
Highways) Consulting Architect Ralph
Harrington Doane and Antonio Toledo in
1918, and was intended to be the future
home of the National Library of the
Philippines, according to the Plan of Manila
of Daniel H. Burnham.
The Philippine Legislature decided to move

into the Library building in 1926, and
changes to the building's layout were done
accordingly by architect Juan M. Arellano
440 "History of Architecture & Sustainable Design"
The Net Lima Tower, BGC Taguig,

Philippines
Architect: Oppenheim Architecture +

Design- Chad Oppenheim
This Iconic structure is situated in the

prime center of The Philippines’ business
district, Bonifacio Global City, Taguig.
The development will come to life as a

1,550,000-square-foot mixed-use,
office/retail complex beginning with the
completion of The Net Lima in 2011. (Final
completion of entire development set for
2014.)
Oppenheim’s masterplan concept for The

Net Metropolis, 5th Ave. is composed of
three towers that span a 3-acre block and
range from 24 to 40 stories resting on six
levels of above-grade parking.
The project has a clear environmental (and

economical) purpose and will further
balance nature and architecture by
integrating two recreational parks that
serve as both amenity spaces and
soothing, intricately landscaped focal
points.
Recognition and Awards:
*Unveils First Certified “Green” Project in

The Philippines.
Green Firsts for Philippines with The Net

Lima:
1. Building Envelope consisting of Sun

Shading and a Full Glass Curtain Wall
featuring double glazed low-emissivity
glass: Reduces costs and energy use
associated with A/C
2.(GRP) Fiberglass fuel storage tanks with

built-in leak detection for generators used
during power outages: Compared to
industry standard steel tanks, these tanks
reduce the risk of leaks and contamination.
They also have a life span twice as long
and can easily be repaired and serviced.
3.Harvesting of Condensate Water from

A/C: Instead of wasting the condensate
water, this is collected into a separate tank
to be used for landscaping, cleaning, and
other needs for the building
4. Cold Air Recycling: A portion of cool

exhaust air is ducted to provide comfort
cooling to arcade area in front of lobby
5. Required all members of the Project

Team to be members of the PHILGBC.
Philippine Green Building Council

(PHILGBC)
Buillding for Ecologically Responsive
Design Excellence (BERDE)
The Mind Museum, BGC, Taguig
Architectural Firm: Lor Calma & Partners

Architect: Ed Calma
The design of the structure was inspired

from cellular structure and growth and had
a solar reflective exterior, natural wind
ventilation and rainwater flow drainage.
Pacific Plaza Towers, BGC, Taguig
Architectural Style: Skyscrapers

Architect:
International Architectural Firm:
Arquitectonica
Local Architectural Firm: Recio + Casas
Architects
The Pacific Plaza Towers are high-end

residential condominium skyscrapers
located in Bonifacio Global City, Philippines
The twin 53-storey buildings, the North

Tower and South Tower, were completed
in 2001 and rises to 179 metres (587 feet)
from the ground to its architectural top.
Philippine Normal University, Manila
Architect:
American Architect: William Parsons
Local Architect: Antonio Toledo
Brift History:
The Philippine Normal University (PNU) is
a public research university in Manila,
Philippines established during the early
days of American colonial rule.
The Manila Campus is the flagship and

oldest campus of the university. In 1909,
American architect William E. Parsons was
tasked by the Philippine Commission to
draw up design for various schools to be
established in the Philippines.
Construction:
It was designed using the California
Mission style to juxtapose with the capiz
window panes and ornately grilled
ventanillas, was erected at the corner of
Taft Avenue and Ayala Boulevard. The
building, three-storeys in height, followed
a V-configuration plan, where an
auditorium was at the apex, while the rest
of its segments were used as classrooms
and laboratories linked by corridors.
The exterior was relieved by panels of

glazed polychromatic glazed tiles set in
concrete.
SM North Edsa, Quezon City
Architect:
Arquitectonica
Local Architect: William Vargas
Coscolluella ,
Brief History
SM City North EDSA is a shopping mall
located at the intersection of North Avenue
and Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA)
in Quezon City, Philippines. It is the first
SM Supermall in the country and is the
largest shopping mall in the Philippines.
Farmers Plaza Shopping Center , Cubao
Architect: Antonio Sindiong

Brief History:
Farmers Plaza in Cubao is one of the oldest
malls in Quezon City. It was built before
shopping was supposed to be an
'experience' and the shops were small and
crowded, and the corridors dark and
narrow.
It underwent a major renovation when the

Metro Rail Transit system was constructed
because one of the MRT's largest stations
would connect directly to it. On one side of
Farmers Plaza, and the reason for its
name, is Farmers Market, one of the
oldest, largest and cleanest fresh produce,
meat and seafood markets in the city.
Sm Megamall, Mandaluyong
Architect:
Arquitectonica
Local Architect: Antonio Sindiong
Brift History:
SM Megamall is a shopping mall located in

the Ortigas business district of Metro
Manila, Philippines. It is currently the
second largest SM Supermall.
The mall complex comprises two buildings

connected by a bridge, and occupies a land
area of approximately 10 hectares, with a
total floor area of 474,000 square metres
(5,100,000 sq ft) making it the second
largest shopping mall in the country and
the fourth in the world.
Shrine of Our Lady Queen of Peace , EDSA
Architect: Francisco Manosa
The Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace, Our

Lady of EDSA, or more popularly, the EDSA
Shrine is a small church of the Roman
Catholic Archdiocese of Manila located at
the intersection of Ortigas Avenue and
Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA)
UST Main Building, Manila
Architectural Style: Renaissance Revival

architecture
Designed by: Roque Ruaño
Brief History:
The building, designed by Fr. Roque Ruaño,
O.P., is the first earthquake-resistant
building in the Philippines.
In 1920, Roque Ruaño was assigned to

draw up plans for the UST Main Building to
be constructed at the Sulucan property of
the Dominican Order.
The structure is a rectangular building

having a dimension of 86 meters long and
74 meters wide with two interior
courtyards or patios. The most significant
feature is the fact that it is actually made
up of 40 separate structures independent
from one another with the only
opportunity provided by pre-cast stab
flooring.
SM Manila
Architect: Gilbert C. Yu Willie C Yu &

Associates
Shangri-La at the Fort, BGC, Taguig
Architectural Style: Skyscapers

Architect: Handel Architects
Brief History:
Shangri-La at the Fort is a 5-star luxury

hotel and mixed-used building in Bonifacio
Global City, Taguig City, Metro Manila,
Philippines. It opened on March 1, 2016
and one of the three hotels managed by
Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts located in
Metro Manila, Philippines. The hotel has
576 rooms and suites, Shangri-La Hotel
and Residences; Horizon Homes with 97
residential units, 7 restaurants, an
entertainment club, and a café.
It is one of the top four tallest skyscrapers

in the Philippines. as of March 2016
List of tallest buildings in Philippines
1. PBCom Tower, 259 meters (H)

2. Gramercy Residences, 250 meters
3. Discovery Primea, 250 meters
4. Shangri-La at the Fort, 250 meters
5. Grand Riviera Suites, 230 meters
6. One Shangri-La Place North & South
Tower, 227 meters
7. BSA Twin Tower 1 & 2, 221 meters
8. G.T. International Tower, 217 meters
9. Alphaland Makati Place, 215+5 meters
10. St. Francis Tower 1 & 2, 213 meters
Doña Natividad Building & PNB , Quezon

Avenue
Architect: Juan Nakpil
Construction:
The building design used the Folded Plate

System
Folded Plates are assemblies of flat plates

rigidly connected together along their
edges.in such a way so as to make the
structural system capable of carrying loads
without .the need for additional supporting
beams along mutual edges.
Types of folded plates :

1- Prismatic : if they consist of rectangular
plates.
2- Pyramidal : when non-rectangular
plates are used.
3- Prismoidal, triangular or trapezoidal.
Folding Systems in Nature The principle of

folding as a tool to develop a general
structural shape has been known for a long
time. Folded structure systems which are
analogous to several biological systems
such as found at broadleaf-tree leaves,
petals and foldable insect wings, are
adopted to be employed in a new, technical
way. Leaf of Palm Tree Beetle Insect With
Foldable Wings Seashell.
De la Salle university Bldgs., Taft
Architectural Style: NeoClassical

Architect: Tomás Mapúa
Brief History:
St. La Salle Hall is an H-shaped four-storey
structure built in neoclassical style in the
Philippines. It was built from 1920 to 1924
to serve as the new campus of De La Salle
College (De La Salle University) due to lack
of space of the previous campus in Paco,
Manila, and to accommodate its increasing
student population. It served as the grade
school and high school building back when
the college was still offering those levels.
*Tomas Mapua- The First Filipino

registered Architect
Rizal Memorial Stadium & Rizal Memorial

Coliseum, Manila
Location : Rizal Memorial Sports

Complex,Manila
Architectural Style: Art Deco
Architects:
Juan Arellano
Brief History:
The Rizal Memorial Stadium is considered

to be an art deco architectural design that
incorporated streamlines and simpler lines,
flat surfaces and rounded edges. The
design represented stability and
modernity. It has a seating capacity of
10,000.
The Rizal Memorial Coliseum is one of two

indoor sporting arenas located inside the
Rizal Memorial Sports Complex in Manila,
Philippines, The capacity of the coliseum is
8,000
Barasoain Church, Malolos Bulacan
Brief History:
Barasoain Church (also known as Our Lady

of Mt. Carmel Parish) is a Roman Catholic
church built in 1888.
Having earned the title as the Cradle of

Democracy in the East, the most important
religious building in the Philippines
Barasoain Church Interior View
SSS Building, Quezon City
Architectural Style: International style

Architect: Juan F. Nakpil
Gardens By the Bay, Singapore
Architect:
Grant Associates (Bay South Garden)

Design team: Wilkinson Eyre Architects
Gustafson Porter (Bay East Garden)
This photo at Supertrees (Bay South

Garden)
Supertrees are tree-like structures that

dominate the Gardens' landscape with
heights that range between 25 metres (82
ft) and 50 metres (160 ft). They are
vertical gardens that perform a multitude
of functions, which include planting,
shading and working as environmental
engines for the gardens.
Capitol Theater, Escolta, Manila
Architectural Style: Art Deco

Architect: Juan Nakpil
The Capitol Theater is an Art deco theater

in Manila, Philippines. It was built during
the 1930s along Escolta Street, part of the
city's primary commercial district, together
with the Lyric Theater. It was designed
with a double-balcony by National Artist
Juan Nakpil and was considered a rare feat
during that era.
Design/Structural:
A decorative tower, located over the main
entrance, was intentionally designed to be
different from the rest of the building. The
tower facade is symmetrically composed
with lines offsetting each other to
emphasize the strong and rigid geometric
forms.
The low-relief figures depicting two

Filipina muses which are portrayed
wearing native dress or 'traje de mestizas'
and local fauna which include carabao
head. Designed by Francesco Riccardo
Monti
Masjid Al-Dahab Mosque, Quiapo Manila
Architectural type: Mosque
Masjid al-Dahab- Also known as "The

Golden Mosque"
Golden Mosque is situated in the

predominantly Muslim section of the
Quiapo district in Manila, Philippines, and
is considered the largest mosque in Metro
Manila.
The Golden Mosque acquired its name for

its gold-painted dome as well as for its

location in Globo de Oro Street. Under the
supervision of former Philippine First Lady
Imelda Marcos,
Seeting Capacity: 3000pax
Rizal Park, Manila
Architect:
Master Plan: Daniel Burnham
Landscape: Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.
Brief History:
Rizal Park's history began in 1820 when
the Paseo de Luneta was completed just
south of the walls of Manila on a marshy
patch of land next to the beach during the
Spanish rule.
Rizal Monument:
Sculptor: Carlos Nicoli of Carrara
The bronze-and-granite Rizal monument is

among the most famous sculptural
landmarks in the country. It is almost
protocol for visiting dignitaries to lay a
wreath at the monument. Located on the
monument is not merely the statue of the
national hero, but also his remains.
Coodinates: 14°34′57″N 120°58′42″E
461 History of Architecture"
Philippine Heart Center, Quezon City
Architectural Style: Brutalist architecture

Architect: Jorge Ramos
Brief History:
Mrs. Marcos broke the ground for the
future Philippine Heart Center for Asia, a
highly specialized institution which would
integrate all activities related to the care
and treatment of heart diseases, the

training of heart specialists, and research
an all aspects of cardiology. It would also
the heart of the Heart Foundation in 1972.
The building, an outstanding architectural

structure designed by Jorge Ramos, was
inaugurated February 14, 1975
Regina Building, Escolta Manila
Architectural Style: Neoclassical Beaux-

arts
Architect:
Original Design Ground to 3rd Flr.:Andres
Luna de San Pedro
Expanded/ Renovation 4th Floor: Fernando

H. Ocampo
Brief History:
Regina Building, previously known as
Roxas Building.
The design combined the styles of

neoclassicism and beaux-arts. It was a
three-storey structure during the time it
was built but was later expanded into a
fourth floor by Fernando Ocampo when the
De Leon family bought if from the Roxases.
Sta. Cruz Church, Manila
Brief History:
Santa Cruz Church is a Baroque church
located in Plaza Santa Cruz in Santa Cruz
district, Manila, Philippines.
Construction/ Design:
The original church design was made of
stone and wood. Built in early 17th
century.
The church is characteristically Baroque

with Ionic piers vertically dividing the first
two levels in three parts. Three
semicircular arch doorways form as main
entrance to the church.
Type of window used in main facade:
A Celtic-like window flanked by small

semicircular windows is found at the
center of the second level.
Facade Design:
Forming as the pediment, the topmost
level has its raking cornice in undulating
liens emanating from the broken pediment
found above the statued niche. The domed
belfry rises on the right in six levels.
Sta. Cruz Church Interior View
Architectural style: Baroque Architecture
Architectural Style: Organicism

Architecture and Skyscraper
Architect: Albert Yu
Architectectural Firm: Asya Design Partner
*Tallest building in Binondo and all of

Chinatown all over the world.
Building Design:
The design of the building was derived
from organic architecture. Its biomorphic
form is designed to utilize air and sunlight
to reduce the energy consumption of the
building.
Technical Details:
The Anchor Skysuites as a residential
condominium have 346 units.
Height: 190.55 metres (625.2 ft)

Floor Count: 54 floors included the
undergouund
Grand Riviera Suites, Roxas Blvd, Manila

Architect: Asya Design Partner
Brief History:
The Grand Riviera Suites is a high rise
residential skyscraper located along Roxas
Boulevard in Manila, Philippines.
Technical Details
Height: 230 meters (750 ft)
Floor Count: 57 floors
Bartizan, Intramuros Manila
*Bartizan is an overhanging, wall-mounted

turret projecting from the walls of late
medieval and early-modern fortifications
from the early 14th century up to the 18th
century.
Most frequently found at corners, they

protected a warder and enabled him to see
his surroundings. Bartizans generally are
furnished with oillets or arrow slits.
The turret was usually supported by

stepped masonry corbels and could be
round or square.
*Turret- is a small tower that projects

vertically from the wall of a building such
as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to
provide a projecting defensive position
allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall
in the days of military fortification.
*Corbel - is a structural piece of stone,

wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry
a superincumbent weight, a type of
bracket.
Uy Chaco Building, Binondo Manila
Current name: Philtrust Bank Building
Architectural Style: Art Nouveau

Architect: Samuel C. Rowell
The 6-story Uy-Chaco Building on Plaza

Cervantes is considered Manila's first
skyscraper.
The most striking feature of the building is

the projecting turret on its northeastern
corner. The rounded corner, emphasized
by curving railings, gives the building the
appearance of a French chateau. Rising
from the eaves is a gabled roof with round
clocks instead of windows. The building
also features eight distinctly-designed
bats, and projecting balconies on the third,
fourth and fifth, floors.
Art Nouveau
Is an international style of art,
architecture and applied art, especially the
decorative arts, that was most popular
between 1890 and 1910.
Art Nouveau is considered a "total" art

style, embracing architecture, graphic art,
interior design, and most of the decorative
arts including jewellery, furniture, textiles,
household silver and other utensils, and
lighting, as well as the fine arts.
Naming:
Art Nouveau in Germany- Jugendstil
Art Nouveau in France- Le Modern Style
Commercial Bank and Trust Company

Building, Escolta, Manila
Architectural style: Googie architecture

Googie architecture- is a form of modern

architecture, a subdivision of futurist
architecture influenced by car culture, jets,
the Space Age, and the Atomic Age.
Features of Googie include upswept roofs,

curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold
use of glass, steel and neon. Googie was
also characterized by Space Age designs
symbolic of motion, such as boomerangs,
flying saucers, atoms and parabolas, and
free-form designs such as "soft"
parallelograms and an artist's palette
motif. These stylistic conventions
represented American society's fascination
with Space Age themes and marketing
emphasis on futuristic designs.
Acropolis of Athens, Greece
The Acropolis of Athens- is an ancient

citadel located on an extremely rocky
outcrop above the city of Athens and
contains the remains of several ancient
buildings of great architectural and historic
significance, the most famous being the
Parthenon.
Site plan of the Acropolis at Athens

showing the major archaeological remains.
1.Parthenon
2.Old Temple of Athena
3.Erechtheum
4.Statue of Athena Promachos
5.Propylaea
6.emple of Athena Nike
7.Eleusinion
8.Sanctuary of Artemis Brauronia or

Brauroneion
9.Chalkotheke
10Pandroseion
11.Arrephorion
12.Altar of Athena
13.Sanctuary of Zeus Polieus
14.Sanctuary of Pandion
15.Odeon of Herodes Atticus
16.Stoa of Eumenes
17.Sanctuary of Asclepius or Asclepieion
18.Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus
19.Odeon of Pericles
20.Temenos of Dionysus Eleuthereus
21.Aglaureion
Philamlife Building,U.N, Manila
Architectural Style: International Style

Architect: Carlos D. Arguelles.
The Philamife Building located in United

Nations Avenue in Metro Manila is the main
office of the Philippine American Life and
General Insurance Company, one of the
biggest life insurance organization in the
Philippines which was founded in 1947.
Facade Design:
The Architectural design of the building is
influenced by International style. The
multi-storey reinforced concrete block is
transformed into extraordinary
architecture by the use of brise-soleil of
aluminum which help manipulate the
shade and shadow within the building. The
building was surrounded with sun baffles
to control the entrance of light to the
interior without sacrificing the external
appearance of the building.
Interior Design:
The sculptural entrance was covered of

molded thin shell concrete that
dramatically brings the people to the

interior lobby. The rear exit which was in
the exterior portion of the building is
connected to the streets by the walkway
designed with "a series of flower-like
concrete hyperbolic paraboloid covers".
Another innovative construction form that
caught the imagination of the architects
during this period is the thin shell
concrete. In the interior, there is the 780-
seat auditorium with walls that were
generously paneled with narra.
Coconut Palace "Ang Tahanang Pilipino",

CCP Complex, Pasay
Architect: Francisco Mañosa
The Coconut Palace, also known as

Tahanang Pilipino is a government building
located on the campus of the Cultural
Center of the Philippines, in Manila,
Philippines.
Architectural Design:
The Coconut Palace is made of several
types of Philippine hardwood, coconut
shells, and a specially engineered coconut
lumber apparently known as Imelda
Madera.
The palace is shaped like an octagon (the

shape given to a coconut before being
served), while the roof is shaped like a
traditional Filipino salakot or hat.
Some of its highlights are the 101 coconut-

shell chandelier, and the dining table made
of 40,000 tiny pieces of inlaid coconut
shells. Highlighted as one of the Cultural
Center of the Philippines’ most striking
structures for its architecture and
interiors, the palace celebrates the coconut
as the ultimate “Tree of Life”.
National Library, T.M. Kalaw, Mla.
Architect: Felipe Mendoza (1st Architect)
Brief History
The current National Library building, a
six-storey, 110-foot (34 m) edifice, was
designed by Hexagon Associated
Architects and constructed at a cost of 5.5
million pesos.[1] With a total floor area of
198,000 square feet (18,400 m2), the
library has three reading rooms and three
mezzanines which currently occupy the
western half of the second, third and
fourth floors. Each reading room can
accommodate up to 532 readers, or 1,596
in total for the entire building. The 400-
seat Epifanio de los Santos Auditorium and
a cafeteria are located on the sixth floor.
Malate Church, Manila
The Malate Church near Roxas Boulevard is

only one of the two that has a twisted
column and has in effect a retablo type
facade, the other being the Franciscan
church in Daraga.
Exterior Facade:
There is interplay of Muslim design and

Mexican Baroque. Says one writer, "it is in
the design of the facade where the
significance of the Malate Church lies." The
juxtaposition of Baroque and Muslim
baroque has resulted in an interesting
colonial style, "mudejarisimo Filipino," in
the words of Alice Coseteng in her book,
Spanish Churches in the Philippines.
The central rectangular body of the three-

storey facade is flanked by two projecting
cylindrical buttresses. The buttresses are
shaped into half-embedded hexagonal
forms and converted into belltowers by
employing the third tier as belfries.
The design of the church facade is unusual

with the use of trefoil blind arches which
clearly indicate an influence of the Moorish
art.
Definition:
Juxtaposition- the fact of two things being
seen or placed close together with
contrasting effect.
Moorish Architecture:
Characteristic elements of Moorish
architecture include muqarnas, horseshoe
arches, voussoirs, domes, crenellated
arches, lancet arches, ogee arches,
courtyards, and decorative tile work
known as zellij in Arabic or azulejo in
Spanish.
Malate Church, Manila
Interior:
Inside is an image of Our Lady of Remedies

or Nuestra Señora de los Remedios
enshrined on the main altar. It came from
Spain and was brought here by the
Augustinian Fathers who were the early
administrators of the church in the 16th
century.
This image is known to serve towards the

mothers with sick children. Today, the
mothers manifest their devotion by
lighting special candles and pouring forth
their private petitions.
Folk Arts Theater, CCP Complex, Pasay
Architect: Leandro Locsin
Folk Arts Theater-Is also known as The

"Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas".
This covered proscenium amphitheater is

where entertainment such as popular
concerts, musicals and plays are usually
staged. It has 8,458 seating capacity in ten
sections.
The theater was built in 90 days and was

designed by Leandro V. Locsin in 1974.
Definition of Terms:
Proscenium- The part of a theater stage in
front of the curtain.
Manila Film Center, Pasay
Architect: Froilan Hong
The Manila Film Center is a national

building located at the southwest end of
the Cultural Center of the Philippines
complex in Pasay, Philippines.
Construction:
The structure was designed by architect
Froilan Hong where its edifice is supported
on more than nine hundred piles. which
reaches to the bed-rock about 120 feet
below.
Nakakatakot pala talaga yung story ng

building na to 169 people namatay during
construction.
Ayala Museum, Makati
Architectural Firm: Leandro V. Locsin

Partners
Architect: Leandro Y. Locsin, Jr.
The Ayala museum is a museum in Makati,

Metro Manila, Philippines.
This six-storey edifice houses ethnographic

and archaeological exhibits on Filipino
culture, art, and history. Since its
establishment in 1967,
Manila Pavilion Hotel (formerly Manila

Hilton), Manila
Local Architect: Carlos D. Arguelles

Foreign Architect: Welton Becket
Discovery Primea, Makati
Architectural style: Skyscaper
Architect:
International Firm: Kenzo Tange
Local Architect: Jorge Y. Ramos
*2nd tallest building in the philippines

same as the The Gramercy Residences &
Shangri-La at the Fort, Manila
Discovery Primea is a 68-storey residential

tower and one of the tallest buildings in
the Philippines located in Makati along
Ayala Avenue.
It stands on the former Gilarmi

Apartments, one of the earliest urban
residential condominiums built in the
Makati Central Business District.
Brief History:
The Discovery Primea was built on the land

where the Gilarmi Apartments used to
stand with the later built in the 1960s. The
Gillarmi Apartments was the first serviced
apartment building to be built in the
Makati Central Business District.
In 2013, construction of the top floor was

topped out signaling the completion of the
construction of Discovery Primea Tower,
effectively making it one of the tallest
buildings of the Philippines.
Metropolitan Museum of Manila, Roxas

Blvd.
Architect:
Main Building: Gabriel Formoso
Exhibition hall & Vault for the BSP Gold

Collection: Ar. Lor Calma
Brief History:
The Metropolitan Museum of Manila
(nicknamed the Met) is a museum located
within the complex of the Bangko Sentral
ng Pilipinas (BSP) along Roxas Boulevard
in Malate, Manila, the Philippines.
The building was designed by the late

architect Gabriel Formoso to blend with
the now nearly forgotten historic Fort San
Antonio Abad, hidden in the shadows of
the taller structures of the BSP complex.
In a bid to impress creditors during the

IMF Convention in the late 1970s, Imelda
Marcos commandeered the building to
display her collection of European art. It
became the Metropolitan Museum of
Manila
Lor Calma designed the Met’s main

exhibition hall was the elegant Tall Gallery,

with a distinctive spiral staircase at the
center. (Decades later, Calma also
designed the Vault for the BSP Gold
Collection, during the presidency of Fidel
Ramos.)
Manila Diamond Hotel, Rozas Blvd.
Architect: Gilbert Yu
Diamond Hotel Manila is a spectacular

luxury hotel in the Manila Bay of Manila.
This twenty seven story deluxe hotel is
famous for its impeccable facilities and
services along with spectacular natural
beauty. This granite building resembling
art deco architecture is synonymous to
style, elegance, sophistication and
comfort.
There are five hundred rooms in Diamond

Hotel Manila. The rooms are subdivided
into superior rooms, deluxe rooms,
presidential suites, executive suites and
diamond club.
Definition:
Granite- is a common type of felsic

intrusive igneous rock that is granular and
phaneritic in texture. Granites can be
predominantly white, pink, or gray in
color, depending on their mineralogy. The
word "granite" comes from the Latin
granum, a grain, in reference to the
coarse-grained structure of such a
holocrystalline rock.
By definition, granite is an igneous rock

with at least 20% quartz and up to 65%
alkali feldspar by volume.
483 "Urban Planning"
Kilometre zero- also known as Zero mile

marker, control stations or control points.
Kilometre Zero is a particular location

(often in the nation's capital city), from
which distances are traditionally
measured. They were markers where
drivers could set their odometers to follow
directions in early guide books.
A similar notion also exists for individual

roads (that is, all locations on the road
have a number, depending on their
distance from that location), and for
individual cities (often the city's central
post office is used for this).
The marble marker designated as KM 0

fronting the Rizal Monument in Rizal Park
is Kilometer Zero for road distances on the
island of Luzon and the rest of the
Philippines.
PLDT, Espana, Manila
Philippine Airlines Building, Pasay
Architect: Jose Maria Zaragoza

Bayview Park Hotel, Roxas Blvd, Manila
Architect: Ramon S. Licup
Tektite Towers: The Philippine Stock

Exchange, Ortigas, Pasig

Architect: Rogellio Villarosa
Santo Niño de Tondo Church, Manila
Architectural style: Neoclassical

Architecture
Santo Niño de Tondo Church (also known

as Tondo Church) is a Roman Catholic
church in Tondo, Manila in the Philippines
established by the Augustinians.
The structural envelope is characterized by

minimal ornamentation with Ionic
rectangular pilasters attached at the main
facade. Massive buttresses also support
the unproportional domes of the bell
towers. There are also blind arched
openings that contrast with the
rectangular voids and a triangular
pediment. The neoclassical architectural
style has its big influence the construction
of the church and convent.
Santo Niño de Tondo Church , Manila

Architecture
Interior Facade:
It is composed of a main central nave that

is flanked by two aisles that are linked by
solid columns. The internal space spans 65
meters in length, 22 meters in width and
17 meters in height.
Dome Design:
Particularly impressive is the steel framed
media naranja dome.
490 "History of Architecture" & Structural Conceptualization"
Jones Bridge, Manila
Architectural Style: Neoclassical Arch

Bridge
Structural Design: Girder bridge
Designer: Ar. Juan Arellano
The William A. Jones Memorial Bridge is a

bridge that spans the Pasig River in the
Philippines connecting the Manila area of
Binondo on Rosario Street. That bridge
span was considered as the oldest
established in the Philippines.
Structural Conceptualization:
Girder bridge- is a bridge that uses girders

as the means of supporting the deck.
A bridge consists of three parts: the

foundation (abutments and piers), the
superstructure (girder, truss, or arch), and
the deck.
The term "girder" is typically used to refer

to a steel beam. In a beam or girder
bridge, the beams themselves are the
primary support for the deck, and are
responsible for transferring the load down
to the foundation.
491 "Building Technology" Type of Roof
Butterfly Roof- is a form of roof

characterized by an inversion of a standard
roof form, with two roof surfaces sloping
down from opposing edges to a valley near
the middle of the roof.
492 "Building Technology" Type of Door
Revolving door- Typically consists of three

or four doors that hang on a central shaft
and rotate around a vertical axis within a
cylindrical enclosure.
Revolving doors are energy efficient as

they prevent drafts (via acting as an
airlock), thus preventing increases in the
heating or cooling required for the
building.
At the same time, revolving doors allow

large numbers of people to pass in and
out.
One Shangrila Place, Ortigas, Mandaluyong

Architect:
International Architectural Film: Palmer &
Turner Hong Kong
Local Architectural Firm: Casas +
Architects
*Tallest twin tower in the Philippines

*5th Tallest building in the Philippines
One Shangrila Place Ortigas is a luxury

twin-tower residential development that
will stand atop a six-level mall on the
podium levels featuring exclusive retail
establishments. The six-level mall is
envisioned to add additional leasable retail
space to Shangri-La Plaza Mall.
Technical Details:
Height: 227m (745 FT)

Floors: 64
1322 Golden Empire Tower, Roxas Blvd,

Manila

Architects:
International Architectural firm:
Architecture International
Local Architects: GF & Partners Architects
*Tallest Building in the City of Manila
1322 Golden Empire Tower (formerly

known as 1322 Roxas Boulevard) is a 57-
storey residential skyscraper in Manila,
Philippines.
It is owned by Moldex Land, Inc., part of

the Moldex Group of Companies. Standing
at 203 meters (666 feet)
National Planetarium, Manila
Architect: Federico Ilustre
The National Planetarium, also known as

the National Museum Planetarium
(shortened as NM Planetarium), is a
planetarium owned and operated by the
National Museum of the Philippines in
Manila.
It is a 16-metre (52 ft) dome located in

Rizal Park between the Japanese Garden
and Chinese Garden on Padre Burgos
Avenue in the central district of Ermita.
(1975)
Composite Order- A classical order dating

from late Roman times, formed by
superimposing Ionic volutes on a
Corinthian capital.
Photo taken at one of the building in

Quintin paredes Road, Binondo
497 "Building Laws" BP344 ACCESSIBILITY LAW
Washroom Sign
Men: Triangle Shape

Women: Circle Shape
The edges of the triangle should .30m long

same as the diamter of the Circle.
The Signage should atleast 7.5mm thk
Distinct color: Gray value
Museo Pambata(Former Manila Elks Club

building), Roxas Blvd, Manila
Architect: William Parsons
The Museo Pambata is a children's

museum in the Ermita district of Manila,
near Rizal Park, in the Philippines.
It is located in the former Manila Elks Club

building, built in 1911, along Roxas
Boulevard at the corner of Katigbak Drive.
Mehan Garden, Manila
Mehan Garden is an open space in Manila,

Philippines.
It was established in 1858 by the Spanish

colonial authorities as a botanical garden,
called the Jardín Botánico, outside the
walled city.
The American occupiers of Manila decided

that the site was not suitable for a
botanical garden and was more suitable
for a public park. In 1913 it was renamed
after John C. Mehan, who was in charge of
Manila's parks and sanitation.
*The Mehan Garden was declared a

historical site by the National Historical
Institute in 1934.
Architect: Maximo Vicente. FPIA
* PIA Gold Medal of Merit Award- 16th
Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Shrine, Balete

drive, New Manila, Q.C
Architect: Maximo Vicente. FPIA
Interior View <3

San Vicente de Paul Church, Adamson

University, Manila
Interior View <3
San Vicente de Paul Church, Adamson

University, Manila
Brief History:
The Church of San Vicente de Paul was

originally built as a chapel in 1883 and
used as parish church of Paco from 1898 to
1909.
The concrete parish church was built in

1912 to commemorate the fiftieth
anniversary of the arrival of the Vicentians
and Sisters of Charity in the Philippines.
Compiled by : Ar. Justin Angelo Reyes Alcaraz, UAP
Re-encoded by: Ar. Ibarra Pascual Burayag, UAP

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ID Questions Question Image

Cultural Center of the Philippines

Philippine International Convention Center

Saint Andrew Apostle Parish

Ar. Leandro Locsin

Service Entrance CAP

Ceiling Joist- Kostilyahe

Saint Andrew Apostle Parish

28 "Theory of Architecture"Color wheel

Puregold Supermaket- Analogous Color

Bollards-Separator of Sidewalk and

ACCU- Air Cooled Condensing Unit

Type of Luminaire-Pendant light, Low Bay

Overhead Door Closer

Manila Cathedral-Interior View

Acoustic Board-Commercial size 2' x 4'

Air Outlet Type

Manila Metropolitan Theater

AHU- Air Handling Unit (Window Type)

41 "Utilities" Type of Luminaire

2-40Watts Surface Mounted Troffer Light

43 "Building Technology"/ Vernacular Term

Type of luminaire- Ceiling Mounted Down

48 "Theory of Architecture" Color Wheel

Standpipe with Siamese Connection

Type of Luminaire-Floor Light

Manila Central Post Office Building

Manila City Hall

56 "Theory of Architecture" Color Wheel

Fan Coil Unit- 4 way Cassette (Ceiling

63 "Building Technology" Hardware

Cylindrical Lock & Dead Bolt

Rizal Park (Luneta Park)

Type of Luminaire- Lantern

66 "Building Technology" Equipment

69 "Building Technology" Equipment

Pile Driver- Used to driven piles into soil to

70 "Utilities" Plumbing/ Fire Code

71 "Theory of Architecture & History of Architecture"

National Museum of Anthropology

Out Door Transformer- Cluster mounted on

Pailou-Chinese Memorial Archway Edifice

Keystone- Wedge shape stone piece at the

Steel Cladding- To provide layer intended

Sample at the UST Building

Sto. Domingo Church

Polyethylene sheet & Anti termite- Use to

78 "Building technology" Equipment

Blow Torch- Use for bending PolyVinyl

Sand and Gravel

Equipment & Concrete Mixture

Class A Concrete Mixture 1:2:4 for Footing,

Class B Concrete Mixture 1: 2.5: 5 for Slab

Epoxy Primer- Kind of paint that have anti-

83 "Structural Conceptualization & Building Technology"

*Crescent Truss design at the Rizar Park

84 "Utilities" Internet Hardware

"Utilities" Internet Hardware

86 "Utilities" Fire Alarm System