You are on page 1of 12
131 _VIETRAMOLOGICA ~ N23 ~ 5946 SONG VIET U SANG VAT Ue ni myc. Note de réditeur . Pour peu que Jo cherchaur s’améine dans le domaine ittéraies vietramien, i remarque demblée uno dlchotomie dans la vie culturelle a peupte vietnamien dantan, entre dune part la itérature savanto entenmée dans des ‘oeuvres on denture chinoise qui est fapanage des lets, Aérliers des doctrines classiques venues de Chine, ef d'autre Part fa ittérature popuiaire, en langue matemelie, plus variée at Partlukérement plus riche en valeurs authentiques, car ello "eRe & la perfection e visage vrai du pouple. Cette demiére, outs la parte orale, se rowve léguée dans des crits rédigés en une aure forme décture, connue communémant sous Fappeliston ‘ahd ném”. ou earactére démotkwue, qui, taute de codification offcialo a chemind ‘ibrement tout fe long de son histoire et, de méme que la langue (4° représente, connart toutes los variétés de création, toutes VIETNAMOLOGICA 182 es nuances de formation 6 dacception rigionale. Encore esti que, rendu caduc par Tinteducton du Quéc-ngd latnise ii y 2 ‘Plus d'un sidcle, le chi ném est resté longtemps hors d'usage, ce (ui pose de nos jours de sérieux problémes embarrassants & Tegard des cherchours, tant dangers que vietnamiens, lors de Jour intrpréation des ancions documents ‘Hommis les dilérences phonétiques dues aux variations _géegraphiques de la langue pariée, nombreuses sont les erreurs 0 déchifiage de certains de ces caractéres, rolevés dans les lextes anciens jusquicl non explotés, lesquelles ont contrbué vivement nour de temps en tomps los débats téraires. Lianalyse qui suit, nous présente un exemple pique de ce genre de debt, le plus mouvementé et le plus important, sans doute, car tancé depuis 1956, a pu mobiliser& tour de rba, out un d8ilé de figures connues dans le corcle des lattes, les mieux ‘nantes aussi de compétence linguistque, ot volts que le débat, toujours coinct entre les propositions inconcilables, parait déja s%étomiser 4 nen voir pas la fin II s'agit de déchifrer deux caractéres ‘déographkuues dune expression vieinamienne ancionne qui a perdu sa trace dans la itérature vieinamionne & artr du 160 sidcie, afin d’en donner fe sens et fa prononciation, 0 tole maniére quis puissant cadror avec les textos originaux (autour en cite plus dune vingtaine) Par la présente intervention, autour se propose d'en fnit avec cette polémique houlouse tout en investissant dans sa ‘nouvelle contribution, 4 savoir une solution défintive ay ‘puzzle’ Parviendra - til citurer le débat ? Qu'an on jage & travers son analyse dans lequel i adople une méthode rlgoureuse de ‘sélection qui en appolle & beaucoup de ténacité dans sa ‘recherche, & sa vaste connaissance en tant quihomme do letras, Sinologue, vietnamologue, aussi bien qu’ sa bonne maitrise en Wiérature, versiieation, Inguistique ete. . . Toutetois, ce qui ‘impone le plus, est que son analyse ne se limite pas au déchitrage de cos deux mots déjd désuets, si érigmatiques soientits, mais ouvre bien de bonnes perspectives dans la prospecion de Ihéritage culture! dun ilustre personnage 153 _VIETNAMOLOGICA vieinamion du XVe siécie, Ye plus arand. fe plus partat_un vial ntelectuelimolqué’ de notre histoire : Nguyén Tri. Ti! nim 1956, khi bn Qude-m Thi-tp do hai boe-sié Tin Van ip va Pham Trong Bitm phién-im de cOng-bd, chi? Ed ten boing nhigu cube tanb-tudn s6i-ndi chung quanh ch gi hai chi song viet ndy. Nei thi doe thinh ba ti kde aha a né-bge, sd, ttong-thd" (Dio Duy Anb, 1962), nei thi doc Id sung nbet (D8. Van 19, 1967), song_kidt (Nguyén Cong Hom, 1970), c nbd ghia ‘bin-ndm dant tng doc Ia xing vit (Nguyen Tai Ci, 1974), Hal midi ‘tm sau e6 mit nb Uc-rai hoe doe Id song ait (Di Vin Nguyen, 1994). Ta ntm 1975, wong ahitng bub ni chuyén v® chit nd tat che trang agén-ngi hoc va Khon xii Sai-gin, ti cing df gp 9 se 1 song vid, hidu song a nd miu rung. vi viet I thug, ab 06h 48 dg § v3i hd ndm hoc Paul Schneider nfm 1970; sang dn dt ‘do Montel, vi sau Khi da bO-9 vi che gido-s Trin Nape Nish, glo st Nauyén Vin Phi, hdu-dug eta cy Ue-tmi, vi gido-sl Nguyen Dinh Hie, 16 di quyétcinh de dit-khodt hai chil song viet huytn-b kia Id ‘Séng Vat hig sang chi sing, he 6, va vet la ci fo Ibn, eo dink. ‘ghia cia Taber, te do city, va sing vat ld 8 city, lA gincaghiép md \6stien 4 Iai, vA con chu 8 nhigm-vy khugeh-tnding, phivrige dé ‘ing-ee, phcsve cho sy Kitch cia gia-dinh minh, cia gia-cfp. D6: vi Nguyén Tai, gini-cfp cia 6g IA gini-cp da gidi-quyét chin tcanh ‘cong vinh-quang cia chign-thkng ; ng diag nhiénthube vio giicefp ho, giai-cEp quite die hung-thy nilng dgc-an ma khong mt Binicp nko Khée 6 quyén me-ng dé, ‘Nhung Nenyea Trai chi ting Sing vac nhiéu din cf kis Gia nh cing rg thé eng phién TH Sing-vatbacchim mot biteing xii, Hidag-thy sng vat ti bbe-1t quln-chting, I dim ho vio ban Ry a cin nghéo a tao chop ‘hing hin thi ma hp Khng bao-gid quén; chi big chim lo cho sting. et in minh chin 14 di nguie Iai vi nbn gi mA minh mun the ‘ign Kh di-gn vOichigo-ranh, Khi minh thye-sy mus china dé ‘ly hanb-phie cho quin-ching. Phi higs ti sing vat theo nghia nly, ta ‘mdi hig ta sao Nguyén Tri dtp btu di tam te, efi dn-éah de. 4 i do hi gael hing cing i oy ay pune in Nase ga oe cn ea ep ae 1, sumeNoucian) KEL regs ni in 2 Concho hi ‘ie i some we 4 1) 2 BG Noga ocd dl bhacons (QA 410 toern ies nmi it OK) Die aon fe OH 3 HS smietnad Sangin eng pts (QA. 0) 16, mangonmnmeee a at a rk B18) 1 fica ncn ao BS maya R14) Trg Hg ie use Ts a) oN i ate 9 ‘inh duc Rn, Te ei, 2) 10. guna 32 mg ‘ne bt oe ng i, Pan, 8) 1a, Nu rt Brel oi bing hme, Pong eh a, 39) 1 mt bh hi Bed bing 512th (HD, FEM, 1 Mtn me pi i AD sihing 2 Dea (0.00% 61) 1. Nive tcp BLD ebbing 34) mac (ND, PEMD) 15, Fron nti a a i hg of (4. FEM) 16 Bima 2 © mi ap ‘Sch ingh ngt (, PEM 6) Thi ls eget vin 1) 1 Gap con nk ‘tam map a nae (1, V1) 1. Bern Quem mY) FS hdr ths V8) 1 ade lh Nan i ‘hg am a BV.) mo hyeanhatring et hg hg mY, 1 OR. 24) 21, og an nn in inchs lan 37a OY YH, OK. 58) 2 itm 37 Doh ‘Te i cho ymin BVH 122) Hh wore sc oEMcda FZ Tha apg nie aS mbt cum Ta pn 30 ihe a ct 8 "3h in dr, ah ci 8g (QA. 18) ‘Si ane, oC) ‘Si an de sh a, 2) {8 i ma, duh gin (TV) + Mutagen 2 at inh “Se pln da gt ah BS mai ORI) VIETNAMOLOGICA 156, BD sin QA13) “38 9 ai (40,63) Wi ave pin BS m0 dan chi nh-aghitp bay sie hi, gin 97 FD va dana, git ee de ude bs B mw B az mB B a 360g a ‘nu (QK 88) ng (HD. $9) ib (HD, 60) anh (HB, 61) ine (H62) nha (BY, VH, 122) ge hing dn i nig ti chi phigh BD cd ahitu (QA, 143) BL A bao nbiéu mac bay mhiéu (QA, 164) + lim ép-ngi cho danttit [Nam hi ain Udy lim 22 9-140, 32) + 66 danhsi lim ép-ng, FED hutng cin now mide oh (QA, 156) BFF hang lt phign sich ci QA, 18) ge RO huge dah. nga 8 dant, ‘Mgt ru, mb ia, cua (2) dm chidu BT airing 3D iéu (HD, 60) eds. mi cube, phn ds inh (3) BT aiding 22°F canh (HD, 61) “ibn tay cang la (3), nd anh (FG, VIA) Khdch dén hii: "Nobo 27 nia? Rang : "Con mgt til thd reo * Tet toan nao cia tick QA, 49) ‘mgt thuyen cha (HD, 64) BY, 38) ». 228 wa mit danh-tt kep ThE di cia 77D tndde hay sau cbc danh-tf kép king inh mpc hp t,t ty BED cmbibu, dan cb ks Cla nha cng ring thé cing phn (QA, 143) = GE hang It phién (3) sich ci “Him dao di bia bat com xa (5) (QA, 18) 157_VIETNAMOLOGICA BF Dw mgt dannett kép ty gia (tie ti ghép song one) Diy cing abd thé d6i cia 27 wong, edu thd snd ta biti 27 mbt wt kep Hy nga, i da = de nha (QA, 143), him dao (QA, 18), him mai (TG, VID, nena (HD, 32), dg tit ch fu A aint gm hai ti eb ghia song-song die nih emt tif mi Y-nghia vu len trén Yoaghia ei bai i bi ‘Dietnh bag: ci hit ghépsong-song king cho phép wae 4g dg dink bi che Wi chi xde-din, dod, néu da Kh mt ‘mbt cla nh hai ea nha, th cing Wing thé ni, ait 37 19 hat {ah vay, de dng dé ch 6 cho toi og chi King thé de ‘hing dg en tng su vit eth. Tinkreéch ny gi-bich tinh song {8h cia 37 Fh lithic wi seo Wega Khing baogid KEvhdp i teh?sd xtedinh ; ne muda chi 3 vb 6 aid, te gd da ht ing low ic tinh céch pop : bo bie, By nhieu (QA, 16H) “Tinh dant cin 22 loi moi Khuyn- hg i-th 6 a ng (7) by nha (8). 2. Thanh-diga cin THD did é@ hay mgr OB () cing dévinge od thanh-igu tee, va ch gidichan (ong hai tha diga at sind sh v4 nang. © TW ZZ, nbs dng vio ning vit bittudn, Khing the ie -dioh I binh ay tee, nung nu ng vi wi lain 63 de chit hi wong elu th ik chi hd 71 re th ta 6 thé tam Khing-jnh nbd Bhng v1 nu tke th Igo a rmbt ring Khe, ti dy (Con chiwehd hiém 37 ngs (10) (QR, Con chi mia hidm 3D én (QA, 13) Kitch dén hai :"Néio 229 itn?” (BV, 38) Chi ed mt tndng-hép Khlng-dinh dts tinh bing cia edu hs 0) [Nam his ning dy lim 27D in b€ dw thin thé né-na (HD, 32) ‘Lnft ca thd Pang bit-bube hi thi 2 vik ei thi 6 tong eb ths phi 6 cig mptthanh-logi ji AB di dng thi babu 22 ph gyn ng bp 39 Dh al ph oe ‘ia hd anh ing vb pn i ‘sc ol thang pit bs Ni ia ui 111 ms auA-mMovErege 27 2 C037 ines pw fered Teng (I) oe 7 ing ae i, ton fave vc hing ssi, ase 7710 ten sing then hc i i to wv hoch UBD ~ SONG 1405 sg sg son Songs Taco ue np ‘Simca +e a 98 a, dig i aie ch Sige? niyo a i hacia ng ie Senesila : 22 ita ten BE se ch sab Suh Vt dog 5 mera OTyeting, Care a este ng ng co tb gh ‘habia an og ip on Go) itn (ADne Ch hd $3, ca hie tc hid» Sg Wg bp "ho cht ag cn Epon 8 sh hg (Dyin gc cing a von ep cho engin mt ‘Sets tg th sh ing a a ‘gn mn a ro ol un hg hy (Seek dha cng nly lg ho mt tb. He "at ho pi ey hing ng tm ng eh gh i nc 1 (QA, 13) ong {ind hun kn lta ng ng ag ‘og mi Son ing oe dm (HD, 39 Smal ‘hn sme TD, oh eh yong Tag ob tg tl TC eg le a to ony fo ud eh anc hi cnn oe ei hn ein 1 Kimg die et song dg ahs owt 3m fein occ 2 ma (a PA a by mee sien paige ing to th ae reg SS a ag tn an ‘Sing son ep bn hie gi to nc abe ADI en i ie hi hg) eh ‘au erm Ho Tsp oh I ann 8 ‘gg 7 1 dt ong og Vy ng ‘Sf mg chit ott i gh yo ‘ipso nb song ul? ob cng wong i sg ‘ee ucla ong Eng i eh ome tase 1 Sgn, Tee Tt eM may at SEN ep san 2 San at oe mh ey nb fe A 4 “angen ca cg mi ty en. Yor oot ‘renee ver bf bg" ho gee ap ia agua emt i Minsan chip gh en ho evo in ng, ‘1s ma ho a hg ping hi, gui, ‘me Ht mp ca ie ch me in sn hea ‘mith Wale Sogo ng snp me?) 29 sone. Sto vt Sing ten ings i sige i fore asp evgeta ms HD st Sg At Sng a th te, ry ig ‘phi st Il pi a chy at i og 7A tog Sing Wt hl A ah a at (cenit, bg TC ‘hg hh ob ike oi 3P - snc ds ey ite ie Ol (Ob) aka Ng Vie dng 5M gt ag Se cg a i Se Stee Sng hag Nee 6,00) We so in ig (7.0) i in a 1 Sg va Sing Ie 6 nod ma fy bn ag UB. 8 on ng eh i ay ng nyt VI igg pv ne se hiv cha ch 39 eh in mi td pan ‘ng cing cy Weng ed ng a Segre iii acerca ne ne ‘ing So: oh yh, mg ng Seine dene 1 Fama ii ead euceuiph ncaa ana te neaetss fbi bing aig a pe hl hi wt hla, ‘Sn ay king nga 1 amg) toy A ie a a ‘di ean thal inh mit eth Fl ge ding cha eg ei, shin i ‘hth Ks nh ng ag dp a (brag Mot pa er not yu te ols Ng ep: Sn ob dno OAH) ‘sung it whens nan ce it a Sm gg a A shy. 5H Sgt: sig ng ge ding chimps hc a ng eSignal gh hong ing he in gu Bf. Sing it aig hn ng (gg). ing sng cin edhe cg Wt wenn at en sng ea gic chi it Bg sng np? 0, 5) i in it um i pu sg ei i tet in ac gta ng es lng yea hig ate ap py mi a ich ng ‘ty Shogun a tn an "i png m nega fog “ing eg 1) oh hi (38) ‘i (mina i 0) rn ty hn i i “ating eb in lend ‘Qn mh gn ch mad mn of A 8.35, oti ‘Yong ig ng ng, Sg de nk de bs (QH 1) Slag i bingy gh ig, ing esto tim en nga poh ee ‘Bou ce co ng woe yang cng A a inet ttang 7:08) soy ceca tev (fant ato dy neg ti nto ng se dnc a me ohne nt cn dagen tod mith btn ar mt och yi be i og ila Te apt gb He i i 1S Aco eine ra Teton vio a sl sat yt gn gi nn tae Sw die omg fy Hn ig Seif sce me uy san cng igo Sng ig i ci heb hs St nS ng a hh no hp ob ung pb ng Sc sig hihi eng be- ‘Spake Cn mie da ng nT Bi a ghia gi iy on Tey pi F(R 10 ae pe ing he Are GATE ah by he py eg (ht slog) ih a ee En Tr hn ng ning cas Teg Ue TL TSP pty of cig th chi ch i Ian rong mt hg gia ace vt eg ay al 1. te mh ie th hn mi hw. 9 Th hig pita Nery Tl sigan ey Set ki gc 0 2d cl vb Tong ae Jie by ti ht Sl a, ar ‘gn sg Ang hy 3 Coe ah 9 ly a SOS eis au ats xvi pie ge nts hd vk qrchig ai en ap van hada gob Bu sinavar Seth ase JP Waineat wth apiece be heb nb cn by 1 Niue Foc mea “snes QFN ae ih hie io ing or n-ne sip be sh Ts, Ta De “nO 1, i ting Kh TH i ‘Cochin ch hn tas 1h ha hy ng OR, 1) ih ho ah Te nh in shi ng hui ng ae nee og i hn ue Ny To Th Th gh Sgt Ki i tos et ain aptp to Cre nh te th ‘Sr nh gb veh Sant sw ie ln sch ct ke Kia hm in Sop a = i nl ut nt Kh helo hg sh ‘in ah ac ae ho gh yo he ‘By ht (QR, 20), We a hing fe be ‘Sha ‘in ie tg ogc a de cht nA, $8) an (QA 16th yah kg Sec a (QA 6) Na sd cc ha ag scam gl (7), Bema nig (OK 8 hy m8 Atmos (Qh 13) gang a on Nuvi tb ier uy Tl 1 peat mph OR 38) ‘ah (A, Oh deh A. Wes ean QA Sh an. 10) oat dge nha (Qh 3) 2 Tala anaes apapug gate ghia dc gat OR) emai SNe a sng tae i i agi be a vile gh gh ken ge Qa d. Vb nga tan.) ‘dec apap: Ma (HD), Ao OD, mi tte 0.89) imine, phono, 59) a aw.) 2a wings 8) 1 dang eh py (1D, 6 i) Wy singh: nny ag hg got, 0), ysl 1,0) "1 my 18) ‘ty a gy HD) co. 61) Wainy apn, 1) 4004 shen a8) ‘tg eb gin a re 10.2) 18g Het gnc Tach, Tl, Nie ow, @ 5 ng hen, a OB.) “rne Ine Chin Quon nin a (8 Th Tin sing tig in et Dy sagt in te mn. hen Stang eb th cb qu bin Hm song hn (Ganesh mite Hee ‘iy dng Shang) net oe ig tg ng dg ‘gem pf sips dn na peo Hs “eng Ml sin gs. cc ng na Sipps thin So gy it i mh Ine ig cing Se ca ip horing tL Th Te ‘ign te ame Qari ga n e dig ho fain i to Mgt Kem The hs ig el thc nce Ms ch a sng 1,3 tng la hing ga (BV, 5. De eso ie Ne (BV 8) Colgan to Ste pvc nn seg ng gl a SH sn ‘Toye nn ae ne pn 49X01 1 che int nt gh in pn pong ads ing tie meng ng hi an a iat ing mi 7 ie Binh enh ch sea Tunes ig bn il Sh hs th, me EY XV) tg CS XVI dy Vy 22 Maan tah hc ve 1 Mi mth Qk 1 tn Wl eh viene ae an cb fy (han han ng mh a hn (lah bt ht ing ain A.) Song ty sng ae i fh Rg a i i dog a ian Sete otro tarda rca ecamre rain hese ona ‘idee ng ha ich vice nha og? a ga nyt qn in utc ge whan ise es See ey tye ne oa STD ea, Nomen el ac eyo pa LSet sc tae oN ie etc Wan tog Gh ane inn ch iy an yo cn i cr Wn in (Bonnet QA 2c l/r nto ie ae ter em vm ve aman nn 3h ma ‘coum at ng QR he i ph nb? Inti chitin i te chic fn cain hn itn ec A ia Ane ORS echt chore ching ch ‘eu, ng og QA Be aa ot Leh deh te ne dpi he ev tytn nc 9 yg Nea Tt ee Sa ee Bags ent S ee pte min ngnens) i 0 8 at go rw OA 23, Giovtchs 32 wicks Bh JF oh inch dea. te ane ig Gn Masog en a ng Seep Tong 2? (mr deg ot a bm ch ii ee ‘Bas ot can i ah ig nee agate ‘Sep han haha 7 4 hg hm 9 oe ‘hcg oh hg bt coke A it tt ane ‘ee ing iti ike; igo a en ob ‘3g mod Hing hae ing tag oe Vi (a ir py bn ct 3a iin vy ny 8 ci ig TE hn hi in Vici in Node Ta et cn hw Sad Tg (fe Sg Kgl ehh ch ah ‘el 2. Pedi php cba dh sgt Pena ae rc hog a 1 lke kg is pt eh ‘yg sin hh in hing ph aa ty ‘Mighty th sy el hg 9 oh ‘ng rg phon i te gt i i "Sharan 0m ot ing ag OK 12) aati eg ih 8 it ng mh pi git gu Mo cng hint rap (QH. 4) 21) ‘Patni th png ch hb he <4 i hig tg peg i a ec eh, oo no cp eon veh elk a vin» nat (QA) 22) metho» nt (QA 105)29) alae > GetiQh 1). My > tose QA i20) Pe i be ii oth dine sing ist ene i ha a ‘rt ho hin i keh hc, nn hn gino econ ie chil open Mare a ASU e0 int ah nen ae A) (Gan at ADR) Cig ang ‘Mtn Ae ca tno ht sc a 4 Ci 8 Mi ADT HT) ig 2 Tae gt Sn me aa 2. Clin nan Sr ic tg "Rb ahs ea eh ae "Algo gt tpn cn gh bl one eet aes eee aay = ae. aap Some itracte on me mrecratnenemag es ‘Smt igh ag ip asc it dao ‘lca ind dams ai in epi a tb hg gi mt hl ah TW nes a Cg ah eg i hd tc og eth edn ta, ea oo ft gh ‘Viola AV dg oh ADR go ea ae 1 inno Quem Tse Phi hs dna, vB BLA 2 Bie chp ny cla Taig 8 dy Moe 2 queen Tai. in pin ob Tn Vin Gp, Hogs {Sv dae kh ae cng mane Sinn tg sn, cone ac wig | 4 Gum Ta, ti pin dmc O89 Ov Am, Her ‘Stak etn Ny tate cg eck Seed a Soatelso tae anagncs ket pie Caer Ml 5 sudo e ‘icin Vin Unc mg lm I) Che he Vion edison ean! isuacbett Soper os ot Sethi ah ie ein son {hon tas bi nc Sin = bode Gus Ti, Vine, 182 (66m den stage Do Dy Anh it Fl sing ti ae 26 a eschew sre a) ode choy WOME, Tas ae eae van 000 (ad kat a Sen Sosa 14.0 ting ging hg cun oll] 4 See nend nde pena SD we Searcy agate Skin ss on drive Shetty eb Ms org 8 i atm Te in a ay hy Ve hh TP hg nt he OK 12) che tn (Weds int rons Tet, Gn ‘Bow sec api ing lm i) hn ee 1 ee 191 rg gc) 15:0. at i Thin a a, gd ain, Tae) 21 Rh hcg gh cng ving itn ‘aa ina tr, Xo cag cng, 22 Vary gin Alm nor (OK) 2 Sar en th OAH) by A, 24 2 Ning nd ing Un bo lin (QA) ng ec, = mo Temi em pny (QA, 1, Ma mig Tl Cina 1B, dau Sen is pin dno ng va 06 (1005 vr Chi Nim 12 Hdu Myc iar ‘chi Bat ‘Thi Cong Tung, sito 'Ng6 Van Hoa, Khiéo Puc Long TéngThsky = Nguyn Vy Khanh Managing itor msg Vu Tigh Pic once Centre de Vieamologie, Canada CP. 492, Succursale E, Montréal, Québec H2T 3A9 Canada B (514) 739-5257 ‘Tap san VIETNAMOLOGICA do Trung Tim Viet Nam Hoe Canada chit truong, Bai v8 dang trong tp san khong nhftthiet phn inh chi wong cia Trung Tam. Much tech dang Iai Dai ‘votren Tép san, phi e6 sythda thugn viet cia Trung Taz. Bai ‘i ding, nf tig, xin ding ede kiéu chit tisng Viet thuge he thing VPS, VNI, VNUccho ci may vi inh IBM hoe PC, kém theo bin viet dé ten so sinh Dépor légal: 4e trimestre 1996 [National Library of Canada Bibliotheque Nationale du Québec ISSN 1201-8864 & [CANADA VLE Moers TAP SAN PHAT HUY VIET NAM HOC. REVUE D'ETUDES VIETNAMOLOGIQUES JOURNAL OF VIETNAMOLOGICAL STUDIES #2 1996 ‘TRUNG TAM VIET NAM HOC - CANADA GP. 492 SUCCURSALE E MONTREAL (QC) CANADA HOT 349

You might also like