Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Kependidikan Subang

Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris

Ujian Akhir Semester

Lecturer: FARIDA HIDAYATI, M.Pd.

Course: PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY
Credit: 2

1. The scientific study of speech sounds is divided into 3 parts, namely:

a) Articulatory phonetics

b) Acoustic phonetics

c) Auditory phonetics

Can you match the following definitions with those three speech sound divisions above?

 How speech sounds are perceived by the hearer as having certain auditory properties
that differentiate them from each other, such as the quality of the sound?, the pitch
(high or low), loudness, length, and so on Auditory phonetics
 The physical properties of the sound waves generated by speech -- e.g. the frequency of
oscillation (how many cycles per second), amplitude (how loud), and duration (for
how long) IT is called Articulatory phonetics
 What speech organs are involved, and what physical gestures or configurations
are required to produce the sounds in question Acoustic phonetics

2. What is the function of square brackets, [ ] and angled brackets, < > in articulatory
phonetics?

Square Brackets

Sometimes, square brackets are used to make a piece of text clearer. When a quote used in a
paper contains the word "it," the author of the paper will frequently use brackets to clarify
the antecedent. This is done for a number of reasons, but most frequently because when a
writer uses a quote in a paper, the reader is encountering the quote out of its original context
and since readers rely on context to determine the antecedent, the antecedent needs to be
provided. For example:

Blanche Dubois states that "While Benjamin Franklin is frequently credited as discovering it
[electricity], the ancient Egyptians actually deserve most of the credit."

Angle Brackets

Also known as chevrons, these types of brackets frequently appear in mathematics and
quantum physics. But unlike curly brackets, you may actually encounter them when reading
outside of those disciplines, although not with any type of frequency. Angle brackets may
occur in linguistics. For example:

The English word /kæt/ is spelled ⟨cat⟩.

3. Consonant classifications are based on the following characteristics: (a) voicing, (b)
manner of articulation, (c) place of articulation, (d) nasality and (e) liprounding
Please match each classification based on their characteristics
a. whether or not the lips are pursed LIPROUNDING

b. whether or not air is flowing through the nasal cavity NASALITY

c. whether the sound is made with a fully stopped or merely constricted airstream
place of articulation
d. where in the mouth the stoppage or constriction is made manner of articulation

e. whether or not the vocal folds are vibrating voicing,

4. Consonants are divided into two, namely: (a) manner of articulation, and (b) place of
articulation
 Can you list or group the following consonants into two manner and place of articulation:

Stop, nasal, fricative, affricate, lateral, approximant

Bilabial, labio-dental, dental, alveolar, palato-alveolar, palatal

No manner of articulation place of articulation

1) Stop velar

2) Fricative Bilabial

3) Affricate Labio-dental

4) Nasal Lingua-dental

5) Liquid ingua-alveolar

6) Glide Lingua-velar

7) Glottal

5. The following is the classification of English consonants, would you please give one
example for each classification.

a. Bilabial stop: /m/ /b/ /p/ /w/

b. Bilabial nasal: m/ /n/ /η/

c. Labio-dental fricative: /f/ /v/

d. Dental fricative: /θ/ /ð/

e. Alveolar stop: /p/ /b/ /d/ /t/ /k/ /