RM Plamper Interview PDF

Jan Plamper
The History of Emotions:

An Interview with William Reddy, Barbara Rosenwein, and Peter Stearns
[a stampa in "History and Theory”, 49 (May 2010), pp. 237-265 @ dell’ autore, distribuito in formato digitale
da “Reti Medievali”] si veda anche http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2303.2010.00541.x
History and Theory 49 (May 2010), 237-265 © Wesleyan University 2010 ISSN: 0018-2656
THE HISTORY OF EMOTIONS: AN INTERVIEW WITH

WILLIAM REDDY, BARBARA ROSENWEIN, AND PETER STEARNS
JAN PLAMPER1
ABSTRACT
!"# !$%&'()# '*# "+'&$',%# $%# -# ./(0"',$,0# 1"234%'# +/5!# %'6# &!-&# %'+"# -("# $,7'8$,0# -,#
9"+'&$',-2#&/(,:;#<%#-#=-)#'*#5!-(&$,0#&!$%#3"7"2'>+",&6#?#!-7"#$,&"(7$"="3#&!(""#'*#&!"#
2"-3$,0#>(-5&$&$',"(%#'*#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%@#A$22$-+#B"33)6#C-(.-(-#B'%",="$,6#-,3#
D"&"(#E&"-(,%:# !"#$,&"(7$"=%#("&(-5"#"-5!#!$%&'($-,F%#$,&"22"5&/-2G.$'0(->!$5-2#>-&!#&'#&!"#
!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%6#("5->$&/2-&"#8")#5',5">&%6#-,3#5($&$5-22)#3$%5/%%#&!"#2$+$&-&$',%#'*#&!"#
-7-$2-.2"#-,-2)&$5-2#&''2%:#?,#3'$,0#%'6#&!")#&'/5!#',#B"33)F%#5',5">&%#'*#9"+'&$7"6;#9"+'-
&$',-2#("0$+"6;#-,3#9"+'&$',-2#,-7$0-&$',6;#-%#="22#-%#',#B'%",="$,F%#9"+'&$',-2#5'+-
+/,$&);#-,3#',#E&"-(,%F%#9"+'&$','2'0);#-,3#'**"(#02$+>%"%#'*#"-5!#!$%&'($-,F%#',0'$,0#
("%"-(5!:# !"#$,&"(7$"=%#-33("%%#&!"#5!-22",0"%#>("%",&"3#&'#!$%&'($-,%#.)#("%"-(5!#$,#&!"#
,"/('%5$",5"%#-,3#&!"#2$8"6#!$0!2$0!&$,0#&!"#3$%&$,5&$7"#5',&($./&$',%#'**"("3#.)#-#!$%&'($5-2#
->>('-5!:#?,#52'%$,06#&!"#$,&"(7$"=""%#->>"-(#&'#("-5!#-#5',%",%/%6#",7$%$',$,0#&!"#!$%&'()#
'*#"+'&$',%#,'&#-%#-#%>"5$-2$H"3#1"23#./&#-%#-#+"-,%#'*#$,&"0(-&$,0#&!"#5-&"0'()#'*#"+'-
&$',#$,&'#%'5$-26#5/2&/(-26#-,3#>'2$&$5-2#!$%&'()6#"+/2-&$,0#&!"#($%"#'*#0",3"(#-%#-,#-,-2)&$5-2#
5-&"0'()#%$,5"#$&%#"-(2)#."0$,,$,0%#-%#9='+",F%#!$%&'();#$,#&!"#IJKL%:
Keywords@#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%6#"+'&$',6#*""2$,06#2$*"#%5$",5"6#,"/('%5$",5"6#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2-
ism
I. WILLIAM M. REDDY
MD@#N"&#/%#%&-(&#=$&!#-,#"O"(5$%"#$,#$,&"22"5&/-2#-/&'.$'0(->!):#P'/#%&/3$"3#!$%-
&'()#/,3"(#M'-,#E5'&&#-,3#A$22$-+#E"="22#-&#&!"#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R!$5-0'#3/($,0#&!"#
2-&"#IJSL%#-,3#"-(2)#IJKL%6#!"23#>'%&3'5&'(-2#>'%$&$',%#$,#-,&!('>'2'0)#=$&!#R2$*-
*'(3#T""(&H#-&#D($,5"&',#-,3#$,#>%)5!'2'0)#=$&!#M"('+"#U-0-,#-&#V-(7-(36#-,3#
%&-(&"3#'/&#-%#-#2-.'(#!$%&'($-,#'*#W(-,5"6#"$0!&"",&!X,$,"&"",&!#5",&/($"%:#V'=#
3$3#)'/#0"&#$,&'#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%Y
AB@#Z)#("%"-(5!#',#&!"#&"O&$2"#$,3/%&()#-&&"+>&"3#&'#&("-&#&!$%#"-(2$"%&#'*#+"5!-
-,$H"3#+-,/*-5&/($,0#-%#-#5/2&/(-2#1"23:#?,#'&!"(#='(3%6#?#&($"3#&'#/,3"(%&-,36#"%-
>"5$-22)6#!'=#&!"#$3"-#'*#92-.'(#-%#-#5'++'3$&);#=-%#"+.'3$"3#$,#,"=#($&/-2%#['*#
+"-%/("+",&6#'*#>-)+",&6#'*#3$%5$>2$,"\#-,3#,"=#%'5$-2#>(-5&$5"%#[*'(#"O-+>2"6#
-+',0#+"+."(%#'*#2-.'($,0#*-+$2$"%6#'(#$,#&!"#>'2$&$5-2#%>!"("\:#?,#-#%"5',3#%&/3)6#
?#&($"3#&'#"O&",3#+)#1,3$,0%#&'#&!"#=!'2"#'*#"-(2)#$,3/%&($-2#]/('>":#Z)#-$+#=-%#
1. ?# 5',3/5&"3# &!"# $,&"(7$"=%# 7$-# "G+-$2:# W'(# &!"$(# 5'++",&%# I am very grateful to Christian
C-$2")6#D-%5-2#]$&2"(6#Q&"#W("7"(&6#C",,'#T-++"(26#?,0'#T$23",!-(36#Z-(0($&#D"(,-/6#B'."(&#B"$*"236#
Z',$^/"#E5!""(6#<,,"#E5!+$3&6#-,3#]7-#E>"(%5!,"$3"(:
238 JAN PLAMPER
&'#%!'=#&!-&6#$*#&!"#7"()#$3"-#'*#9$,&"("%&;#'(#90-$,;#!-3#&'#."#5/2&/(-22)#[($&/-22)#
-,3#>(-5&$5-22)\#3"1,"3#."*'("#$&#5'/23#%"(7"#-%#0('/,3%#*'(#-5&$',6#&!",#5"(&-$,2)#
%'#3$3#&!"#5',5">&#'*#952-%%:;
W('+#&!"("6#?#3"5$3"3#&'#"O>2'("#=!-&#$&#+"-,&6#$,#5/2&/(-2#&"(+%6#*'(#-#%'5$"&)#&'#
."#.-%"3#',#9*(""3'+#'*#5',&(-5&6;#-%#&!-&#>($,5$>2"#=-%#"+.'3$"3#$,#_->'2"',F%#
R$7$2#R'3"#'*#I`La:# !"#%&/3)#&!-&#("%/2&"3#5'+>-("3#+-(($-0"#=$&!#&='#*'(+%#
'*# 9.'/(0"'$%;# "+>2')+",&@# &!-&# $%6# %-2-($"3# "+>2')+",&# $,# &!"# 5$7$2# %"(7$5"6#
-,3#='(8#$,#&!"#"+"(0$,0#1"23#'*#b'/(,-2$%+:# !"#$,52/%$',#'*#+-(($-0"#=-%#-,#
$,$&$-2#-&&"+>&#&'#.($,0#0",3"(#$%%/"%#$,&'#*'5/%#',#-,#"^/-2#*''&$,0#=$&!#'&!"(#
',"%:#Z-(($-0"#=-%#'.7$'/%2)#-,'+-2'/%#-%#-#5',&(-5&4/,2$8"#'&!"(#5',&(-5&%6#
$&%#&"(+%#="("#2-$3#'/&#$,#3"&-$2#$,#&!"#R$7$2#R'3"#-,36#+'%&#("+-(8-.2)6#&!"#>-(&$"%#
("+-$,"3#"^/-2#."*'("#&!"#2-=#',2)#/,&$2#&!"#+-(($-0"#=-%#5',%/++-&"3:#?,#>(-5-
&$5"6#!'="7"(6#"7"()#&)>"#'*#2-.'(#5',&(-5&#!-3#$&%#'=,#($5!#7-($"&)#'*#-,'+-2$"%:#
?#%-=#+)%"2*#-%#%&$22#3'$,0#2-.'(#!$%&'()6#$,#"**"5&:
?,# -22# &!$%# ("%"-(5!6# ?# =-%# 5',%&-,&2)# %2-)$,0# &!"# 3(-0',# '*# 9%"2*G$,&"("%&;4
%!'=$,0#&!-&#$&#=-%#-,#"+>&)#,'&$',#&!-&#5'/23#."#122"3#$,#>(-5&$5"#',2)#.)#5/2-
&/(-2#%&(/5&/("%6#-#,'&$',#&!-&#!-3#$&%#'=,#!$%&'()#-,3#5'/23#,'&#."#/%"3#=$&!'/&#
5($&$5-2#("c"5&$',:#<&#&!"#%-+"#&$+"6#?#,'&$5"3#&!-&6#$,#0",3"(#!$%&'()6#("%"-(5!"(%#
="("#."5'+$,0#$,&"("%&"3#$,#"+'&$',%6#2-(0"2)#."5-/%"#='+",#!-3#-2=-)%#."",#
5',%$3"("3#+'("#"+'&$',-2#&!-,#+",#$,#]/('>"-,#!$%&'():# !$%#/,5!-,0$,0#$3"-#
+"-,&# ^/$&"# 3$**"(",&# &!$,0%# $,# 3$**"(",&# >"($'3%6# -%# $&# &/(,"3# '/&4-# 3$%5'7"()#
%/00"%&$,0#&!-&#"+'&$',%#!-7"#-#!$%&'():#?#&!'/0!&#&!-&#"+'&$',%4=!-&"7"(#&!")#
&/(,"3#'/&#&'#."4+$0!&#>('7$3"#-#."&&"(6#-#+'("#>'%$&$7"#0('/,3#*'(#&!"'($H$,0#
&!"# $,3$7$3/-2# &!-,# -,)&!$,0# -7-$2-.2"# %'# *-(:# !$%# ,"=# 0('/,36# ?# !'>"36# +$0!&#
-22'=# !$%&'($-,%# &'# 0"&# .")',3# &!"# *(-5&/($,0# '*# %'5$-2# $3",&$&$"%4*('+# [!$0!2)#
5'+>2"O\#52-%%"%6#$,&'#0",3"(%6#"&!,$5#-,3#5/2&/(-2#'($0$,%6#(-5"%6#%"O/-2$&$"%6#-,3#
&!"#'7"(2->%6#'(#9$,&"(%"5&$',%6;#'*#&!"%"#5-&"0'($"%:# !"#2$,0/$%&$5#&/(,#!-3#!"2>"3#
*'(=-(3#-#='(8#'*#3"%&(/5&$',6#+-8$,0#$&#$+>'%%$.2"#&'#5',5">&/-2$H"#%'5$-2#2$*"#$,#
&"(+%#'*#2$."(-2#'(#Z-(O$%&#&!"'():#]+'&$',#+$0!&#>('7$3"#-#,"=#/,3"(2)$,0#%&(/5-
&/("#&!('/0!#=!$5!#-22#&!"%"#5'+>2"O#+"-,$,0%#="#!-3#3$%5'7"("3#-,3#("%"-(5!"3#
."5-+"#>"(%',-2:#?#-2%'#&!'/0!&#&!-&#!$%&'($-,%#="("6#%'#*-(6#/%$,0#&!"#5',5">&#'*#
9"+'&$',%;#$,#-,#",&$("2)#5'++',G%",%"#=-)6#=$&!'/&#-,)#5($&$5-2#("c"5&$',#',#
&!"#5/2&/(-2#5',%&(/5&$',#'*#&!$%#5",&(-2#9A"%&"(,;#$,0("3$",&#'*#&!"#%"2*:#<.'/&#
IJJd6#&!",6#?#."0-,#='(8$,0#',#The Navigation of Feeling.2
MD@#A!-&#-("#)'/#5/((",&2)#='(8$,0#',#$,#&!"#1"23#'*#"+'&$',%F#!$%&'()Y
AB@#?#-+#5/((",&2)#='(8$,0#',#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#('+-,&$5#2'7":#<%#-#*'22'=G/>#&'#
&!"#.''8#',#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%6#?#-+#&-8$,0#',#&!$%#5(/5$-2#9A"%&"(,;#"+'-
&$',6#=!$5!#!-%#-#($5!#!$%&'()#&!-&#+$0!&#->>"-(#^/$&"#3$**"(",&#=!",#"O-+$,"3#$,#
&!"#2$0!&#'*#&!"#&!"'()#'*#9"+'&$7"%:;#?,#3'$,0#&!$%6#?#-+#-2%'#&-8$,0#',#&!"#!$%&'()#
'*#%"O/-2$&)6#=!$5!#!-%#."",#&!"'($H"3#*'(#&!"#+'%&#>-(&#$,#&"(+%#'*#93"%$(";4-%#
/,3"(%&''36# $,$&$-22)6# $,# &!"# ='(8%# '*# W'/5-/2&# -,3# N-5-,:# ?# &!$,8# &!"# &!"'($H--
&$',#'*#3"%$("#$%#'*&",#$,-3"^/-&":#W'/5-/2&#-,3#N-5-,6#$,#"**"5&6#&''8#'7"(#*('+#
W("/3#[,'&#/,5($&$5-22)6#./&#=$&!'/&#%/*15$",&#!$%&'($5-2#/,3"(%&-,3$,0\#-#,'&$',#
'*#3"%$("#&!-&#5-,#&(-5"#$&%#!$%&'()#.-58#&'#</0/%&$,"#'*#V$>>':#9e"%$("6;#$,#'&!"(#
f:# A$22$-+# Z:# B"33)6# The Navigation of Feeling: A Framework for the History of Emotions
[R-+.($30"6#QU@#R-+.($30"#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#fLLI\:
THE HISTORY OF EMOTIONS 239
='(3%6#$%#7"()#+/5!#-#A"%&"(,#5',%&(/5&6#-,3#,'&#%'+"&!$,0#',#=!$5!#-#/,$7"(%-2#
&!"'()#5-,#."#./$2&:#?&#3'"%#,'&#"O$%&#"2%"=!"(":# !"#2-&"%&#,"/('%5$",5"#("%"-(5!6#?#
=$22#-2%'#&()#&'#%!'=6#$%#/,-.2"#&'#>('7$3"#/%#=$&!#-#52"-(#/,3"(%&-,3$,0#'*#%"O/-2#
9->>"&$&";#'(#3"%$("6#$&%#,"/('>!)%$'2'0)6#'(#$&%#,"/('5!"+$%&()4$,#-22#2$8"2$!''3#
."5-/%"#&'#!-7"#9%"O/-2#3"%$(";#$%#-#5/2&/(-26#,'&#-#!-(3G=$("36#"O>"($",5":
?#=$22#%!'=#&!-&#&!"#]/('>"-,#$3"-#'*#('+-,&$5#2'7"#=-%#*'(+/2-&"3#.)#-,#-($%-
&'5(-&$5#*-%!$',42$&"(-()#-,3#>(-5&$5-24'*#&!"#&="2*&!#5",&/()6#-#8$,3#'*#/,3"(-
0('/,3#+'7"+",&#'*#>('&"%&#-0-$,%&#&!"#T("0'($-,#B"*'(+F%#"O&("+"#&!"'2'0)#'*#
3"%$(":#N'7"6#%-$3#&!"#&('/.-3'/(%#-,3#&!"$(#$+$&-&'(%6#$%#%-5("3g#$&#$%#%"2*G%-5($15-
$,06#-,3#5-,,'&#."#-#+"("#->>"&$&":#?#>2-,#&'#+-8"#-#>'$,&G.)G>'$,&#5'+>-($%',#'*#
&!$%#&="2*&!G5",&/()#&(-,%*'(+-&$',#=$&!#&="2*&!G5",&/()#&("-&+",&%#'*#%"O/-2$&)#
$,# V$,3/# .!-8&$# &"+>2"# ='(%!$># -,3# -+',0# V"$-,# M->-,F%# $+>"($-2# "2$&"@# .'&!#
="("#%'5$-2#5',&"O&%#$,#=!$5!#92'7";#=-%#,'&#5',&(-%&"3#=$&!#93"%$("6;#."5-/%"#
&!"("#=-%#,'#5',5">&#'*#%"O/-2#3"%$("#-%#->>"&$&":
MD@#?,#)'/(#IJJK#-(&$52"#9<0-$,%&#R',%&(/5&$',$%+@# !"#V$%&'($5-2#]&!,'0(--
>!)#'*#]+'&$',%;#)'/#3"%5($."3#=!-&#',"#+$0!&#5-22#9&!"#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#3$2"+-
+-;4&!"#2'%%#'*#-#7-,&-0"#>'$,&#*('+#=!$5!#',"#5-,#+-8"#"&!$5-2G>'2$&$5-2#b/30-
ments in a relativist universe.3#P'/#=",&#',#&'#%!'=#!'=#%/5!#7-2/"#b/30+",&%#
$,#*-5&#5(">&#$,&'#IJ`L%#%'5$-2G5',%&(/5&$',$%&#"&!,'0(->!$"%#'*#"+'&$',%#&!-&#>/(-
>'(&"3#&'#!-7"#("2"0-&"3#&!"+#&'#&!"#3/%&.$,#'*#9"&!,'5",&($%+:;#A!-&#)'/#3$3#
=-%#&'#-37'5-&"#&!"#("5'7"()#'*#%/5!#-#7-,&-0"#>'$,&#>("5$%"2)#&'#5',&$,/"#&!"#2$.-
"(-2G>('0("%%$7"#>'2$&$5-2#>('b"5&#'/&#'*#=!$5!#+-,)#%&(-,3%#'*#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%+#
0("=:#<,36#',"#+$0!&#-336#contra#&!"#$,%$,/-&$',#'*#-3!"($,0#&'#-#,-&/(-2G($0!&%6#
-,&$G>'%&+'3"(,$%&#.(-,3#'*#2$."(-2$%+6#)'/#',5"#%-$3#&!-&#)'/(#9/&'>$-#='/236#$,#
-,)#5-%"6#2''8#+'("#2$8"#M/3$&!#C/&2"(F%#&!-,#2$8"#Z-(&!-#_/%%.-/+F%:;4 In your
-(&$52"6#)'/#&!",#&(-,%2-&"3#&!"#/,$7"(%-2$%+#7%:#%'5$-2#5',%&(/5&$',$%+#.$,-()#$,&'#
M'!,#</%&$,F%# %>""5!# -5&# &!"'()6# 2$,8$,0# 95',%&-&$7"%;# [/&&"(-,5"%# &!-&# 3"%5($."#
&!"#='(236#%/5!#-%#9&!$%#&-.2"#$%#=!$&";\#=$&!#/,$7"(%-2$%+6#9>"(*'(+-&$7"%;#[/&&"(-
-,5"%#&!-&#5-,#-2&"(#&!"#='(236#%/5!#-%#&!"#.($3"F%#9)"%6#?#3';#-&#-#="33$,0\#=$&!#
%'5$-2#5',%&(/5&$',$%+:#C)#5'$,$,0#&!"#&"(+#9"+'&$7"%;#)'/#%/00"%&"3#-#=-)#'/&#
'*#&!"#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#3$2"++-:#V'=Y#R-,#)'/#"O>2$5-&"#&!$%#*'(#'/(#("-3"(%Y#
AB@#W$(%&6#?#%!'/23#,'&"#&!-&#?#("0-(3#&!"#-(&$52"#)'/#("*"(#&'#-%#-#>("2$+$,-()#
*'(+/2-&$',6#-,3#The Navigation of Feeling '*#fLLI#-%#-#+/5!#+'("#%-&$%*-5&'()#
3$%5/%%$',#'*#-22#&!"%"#+-&&"(%:
!"#5',5">&#'*#9"+'&$7"%;#>('7$3"%#-#=-)#'/&#'*#&!"#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#3$2"++-#
',2)#$*#',"#-55">&%6#$,#-37-,5"6#&!-&#&!"("#$%#%'+"&!$,0#.")',3#2-,0/-0":# !$%#
3'"%#,'&#!-7"#&'#."#5',5">&/-2$H"3#$,#-#U-,&$-,#=-)6#-%#-#Ding an sich#.")',3#'/(#
/,3"(%&-,3$,0:#?*#',"#2$8"%6#&!"#9%'+"&!$,0;#&!-&#$%#.")',3#2-,0/-0"#5-,#."#%"",#
-%#&!"#"O$%&",5"#'*#+/2&$>2"#2-,0/-0"%#=$&!$,#&!"#9%"2*6;#'(#=$&!$,#9"O>"($",5"6;#
'(#-&#2"-%&#-%#-#>("5',3$&$',#&'#&!"#"O$%&",5"#'*#+"-,$,0*/2#%>""5!:#?&#$%#^/$&"#="22#
8,'=,#&!-&#&!"#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#5',5">&$',#'*#2-,0/-0"#!-3#$&%#'($0$,#$,#%&(/5&/(-2#
2$,0/$%&$5%6#%>"5$15-22)#$,#&!"#&!"'($"%#'*#W"(,-,3#3"#E-/%%/("#-,3#B'+-,#M-8'-
h:# A$22$-+# Z:# B"33)6# 9<0-$,%&# R',%&(/5&$',$%+@# !"# V$%&'($5-2# ]&!,'0(->!)# '*# ]+'&$',%6;#
Current Anthropology 38, no. 2 (1997), 327-351.
a:#?,#B"33)F%#("%>',%"#&'#M"("+)#e:#D'>8$,F%#("7$"=#'*#A$22$-+#Z:#B"33)6#The Navigation of
Feeling: A Framework for the History of Emotions. H-France Review 2, no. 119 (November 2002).
240 JAN PLAMPER
.%',:#?,#-#("5",&#-(&$52"6#?#-(0/"#&!-&#%&(/5&/(-2#2$,0/$%&$5%#$%#-#%'5$-2G%5$",5"#3$%-
5$>2$,"4&!"#"+>$($5-2#%&/3)#'*#!/+-,#2-,0/-0"#/%"4-,3#&!"#("%/2&$,0#&!"'()#'*#
2-,0/-0"#$%#-#!)>'&!"&$5-2#"O>2-,-&$',:5#?*#',"#-55">&%#&!"#">$%&"+'2'0$5-2#&"(+%#
$,# =!$5!# $&# =-%# *'(+/2-&"36# &!",# ',"# '/0!&# -2%'# &'# -0(""# &!-&# -# 2'&# '*# >("%",&G
3-)#,"/('%5$",&$15#("%"-(5!#[./&#,'&#-22\6#."5-/%"#$&#$%#5',%$%&",&#=$&!#&!"#%-+"#
">$%&"+'2'0)6#$%#='(&!)#'*#("%>"5&:# !$%#("%"-(5!#!-%#0',"#*-(#.")',3#E-/%%/("6#
%!'=$,0#&!-&#%5'("%#'*#3$**"(",&#5'3"%#'>"(-&"#$,#>-(-22"2#=!","7"(#-#>"(%',#9>"(-
5"$7"%;#-,#'.b"5&#'(#/,3"(%&-,3%#-#%>'8",#'(#=($&&",#='(3:#_'#',"#8,'=%#!'=#&'#
("-3#"-5!#'*#&!"%"#5'3"%#%">-(-&"2):#C/&#$&#$%#>'%%$.2"4&!('/0!#&!"#5-("*/2#%&/3)#
'*#("-5&$',#&$+"%6#"7",&G("2-&"3#>'&",&$-2%6#*ZB?#%5-,%6#-,3#%'#',4&'#3"&"5&#&!"$(#
%">-(-&"#*/,5&$',$,06#-,3#&!"$(#+/&/-2#$,&"(-5&$',:#A"#8,'=#&!-&#7-($'/%#2"7"2%#'*#
3"5'3$,0#='(8#%$+/2&-,"'/%2):#W'(#"O-+>2"6#-#>"(%',#$%#-2("-3)#/,5',%5$'/%2)#
0/"%%$,0# -&# &!"# +"-,$,0# '*# -# ='(3# ."*'("# !-7$,0# $3",&$1"3# &!"# >!',"+"%# &!-&#
+-8"#$&#/>:# !"%"#/,5',%5$'/%#0/"%%"%#("2)#',#$,>/&#*('+#'&!"(#%",%"%@#7$%$',6#
%+"226#&'/5!4"-5!#'*#=!$5!#$,7'27"%#5'3"%#'*#%"7"(-2#&)>"%:# (-,%2-&$',%#-+',0#
-22#&!"%"#5'3"%#-("#."$,0#-55'+>2$%!"3#-&#$,5("3$.2"#%>""3:
?&#$%#&!"("*'("#+"-,$,0*/2#*'(#-,)',"#[-,)=!"("#$,#&!"#='(23\#&'#%-)6#9A!",#?#
!"-(3#+)%"2*#%-)#O6#?#&!'/0!&6#=!-&#-+#?#%-)$,0Y;#D/&&$,0#-#&!'/0!&#$,&'#='(3%#
$,7'27"%#&(-,%2-&$',:#N$%&",$,0#&'#$&#[-%#'>>'%"3#&'#b/%&#&!$,8$,0#$&\#$,7'27"%#%&$22#
'&!"(# >('5"3/("%# '*# &(-,%2-&$',:# (-,%2-&$',6# -%# +-,)# >!$2'%'>!"(%# !-7"# ($0'(-
'/%2)#%!'=,6#$,7'27"%#-,#"2"+",&#'*#$,3"&"(+$,-5):# !"("*'("6#-,)#"O>("%%$',#'*#
&!"#*'(+#9?#*""2#O;#$,7'27"%#-#3'/.2"#"2"+",&#'*#$,3"&"(+$,-5)6#."5-/%"#$&#$%#-.'/&#
&!-&#9",&$&);#&!-&#*'(+/2-&"%#&!"#"O>("%%$',6#-,36#$,#."$,0#/&&"("36#$,c/",5"%#['(#
5!-,0"%\#&!"#",&$&)#$,#^/"%&$',:#]+'&$',-2#"O>("%%$',%6#$,#&!$%#%",%"6#-("#,"$&!"(#
5',%&-&$7"#,'(#>"(*'(+-&$7"6#$,#</%&$,F%#%",%":# !")#-("#-#&!$(3#8$,3#'*#/&&"(-,5"g#
&!$%#$%#=!)#?#5'$,"3#&!"#&"(+#9"+'&$7"%;#*'(#&!"+:#?#-(0/"#&!-&#9"+'&$7"%;#-("#-&#
',5"#+-,-0"($-2#-,3#"O>2'(-&'():#<,#"+'&$',-2#"O>("%%$',#$%#-,#-&&"+>&#&'#5-22#
/>#&!"#"+'&$',#&!-&#$%#"O>("%%"3g#$&#$%#-,#-&&"+>&#&'#*""2#=!-&#',"#%-)%#',"#*""2%:#
!"%"#-&&"+>&%#/%/-22)#='(86#./&#&!")#5-,#-,3#3'#*-$2:#A!",#&!")#*-$26#&!"#"+'&$7"#
"O>("%%$',#$%#9"O>2'(-&'();#$,#&!"#%",%"#&!-&#',"#3$%5'7"(%#%'+"&!$,0#/,"O>"5&"3#
-.'/&#',"F%#'=,#*""2$,0%:
C/&#&'#0"&#*('+#&!$%#>'$,&#&'#&!"#^/"%&$',#'*#>'2$&$5-2#%$0,$15-,5"#$,7'27"%#5('%%-
$,0#&='#+'("#.($30"%@#[I\#("5'0,$H$,0#&!-&#5'++/,$&$"%#!-7"#-#!/0"#%&-8"#$,#!'=#
>"'>2"#!-.$&/-22)#/%"#9"+'&$7"%;g#-,3#[f\#1,3$,0#%'+"#%&-,3-(3#.)#=!$5!#',"#
5-,#+"-%/("#'(#$3",&$*)#"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,0:#C)#9"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,0;#?#+"-,#-,)#
8$,3#'*#3$%&("%%6#$,52/3$,0#>!)%$5-2#>-$,6#&!-&#$%#-&&",3"3#.)#,"0-&$7"#("%>',%"%6#
&!-&#$%6#&!-&#$%#&(/2)#/,=-,&"3:#
!"#1(%&#'*#&!"%"#.($30"%#$%#"-%$2)#5('%%"3:#<%#?#!-7"#,'&"3#"2%"=!"("6#&!"("#$%#
-+>2"# "7$3",5"# $,# "&!,'0(->!$5# -,3# !$%&'($5-2# ("%"-(5!# ',# "+'&$',%# &!-&# "7"()#
5'++/,$&)# 3">2')%# "+'&$',-2# $3"-2%# -,3# ,'(+%6# -,3# $,5/25-&"%# ,'(+%# &!('/0!#
"+'&$',-2#($&/-2%6#*'(+/2-%6#>(-)"(%6#'-&!%6#-,3#%'#',:6
d:# A$22$-+# Z:# B"33)6# 9E-)$,0# E'+"&!$,0# _"=@# D(-5&$5"# !"'()# -,3# R'0,$&$7"# _"/('%5$",5"6;#
Arcadia: International Journal for Literary Studies 44, no. 1 (2009), 8-23.
S:#E""#B"33)6#The Navigation of Feelingg#idem6#9]+'&$',-2#E&)2"%#-,3#Z'3"(,#W'(+%#'*#N$*"6;#
in Sexualized Brains: Scientific Modeling of Emotional Intelligence from a Cultural Perspective6#"3:#
_$5'2"#U-(-*)22$%#-,3#T'&2$,3#Q2%!i*"(#[R-+.($30"6#Z<@#Z? #D("%%6#fLL`\6#ÌGILL:
!"#%"5',3#'*#&!"%"#.($30"%#>("%",&%#+'("#3$*15/2&$"%:# !"#$3"-#'*#9%'5$-2#%/*-
*"($,0;#!-%#."",#=$3"2)#-33("%%"3#-+',0#-,&!('>'2'0$%&%#$,#("5",&#)"-(%6#-,3#&!"#
3"1,$&$',#'*#&!"#&"(+#$%#("5'0,$H"3#-%#-#>('.2"+#'*#5',%$3"(-.2"#/(0",5):7 To a
%$0,$15-,&#3"0(""6#%/**"($,0#$%#'(0-,$H"3#-,3#7-($"%#$,#%/(>($%$,0#=-)%#*('+#',"#
&$+"#-,3#>2-5"#&'#-,'&!"(:#_'(+-&$7"#9"+'&$7"%6;#'*&",#>("%5($."36#'*&",#(">"-&-
"36#5-,#."#/%"36#/>#&'#-#>'$,&6#&'#5!-,0"#!'=#="#*""2:#_',"&!"2"%%#&!"("#-("#[/,$-
7"(%-2\#2$+$&%#&'#'/(#>2-%&$5$&)#$,#&!$%#("0-(36#-%#="22#-%#-#[/,$7"(%-2\#>!)%$'2'0$5-2#
%/.%&(-&"#&!-&#$%#+-,$>/2-&"3#$,#%/5!#&(-$,$,0:#N"-(,$,0#&!"#,'(+%#'*#-#>("7-$2-
$,0# 9"+'&$',-2# ("0$+";# 0","(-22)# $,7'27"%# %/**"($,0# /,3"(# -# 5"(&-$,# 3$%5$>2$,":#
!"#8$,3#'*#%/**"($,0#/%/-22)#-%%'5$-&"3#=$&!#7$'2-&$',#'*#($0!&%4*('+#&'(&/("#&'#
0",'5$3"4$%#'*&",#/,3"(%&''3#.)#>"(>"&(-&'(%#-%#-,#"O&",%$',#'*#&!"#8$,3#'*#%/*-
*"($,0#$,c$5&"3#$,#&!"#$,5/25-&$',#'*#,'(+%6#-%#=!",#',"#9!/+$2$-&"%;#-#>'2$&$5-2#
>($%',"(#'(#9>/,$%!"%;#-,#","+)#,-&$',:
?&#$%#&!"("*'("#-#7-2$3#^/"%&$',#&'#-%86#$,#-,)#%>"5$15#5-%"6#=!-&#8$,3%#'*#%/*-
*"($,0# +-)# ."# 2"0$&$+-&"2)# $,c$5&"3# [.)# =!'+6# ',# =!'+\# -,3# =!-&# 8$,3%# -("#
$22"0$&$+-&":# !"("#-("#,'#"-%)#-,%="(%#&'#%/5!#-#^/"%&$',:#C/&#$&#$%#-#>('>"(#^/"%-
&$',#&'#-%86#-,3#->>('O$+-&"#-,%="(%#-("#"O&("+"2)#/%"*/26#.'&!#%5$",&$15-22)#-,3#
>'2$&$5-22):
MD@#V'=#!-%#)'/(#&!$,8$,0#"7'27"3#',#9"+'&$7"%;#-,3#&!"#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#3$-
2"++-#%$,5"#IJJKY
AB@#E$,5"#&!"#>/.2$5-&$',#'*#The Navigation of Feeling#$,#fLLI6#?#!-7"#>/.-
2$%!"3#&='#>$"5"%4-2("-3)#+",&$',"34&!-&#%!'=#&!"#5'+>-&$.$2$&)#'*#&!"#&!"'()#
'*#9"+'&$7"%;#=$&!#[I\#-#A$&&0",%&"$,$-,#->>('-5!#&'#%'5$-2#2$*"#[$,#fLL`\6#-,3#[f\#
>(-5&$5"#&!"'()# -%# 3"7"2'>"3#.)# C'/(3$"/6# T$33",%6# j(&,"(6# E"="226# -,3# '&!"(%#
(in 2009).8#?#!-7"6#&'#%'+"#"O&",&6#&($"3#&'#8"">#&(-58#'*#&!"#(->$3#3"7"2'>+",&#'*#
5'0,$&$7"#,"/('%5$",5"#-,3#-**"5&$7"#,"/('%5$",5"g#-,36#-%#3$%5/%%"3#.($"c)#$,#&!"#
fLLJ#"%%-)6#?#1,3#+/5!#&!-&#5',1(+%#&!"#5($&$5-2#->>('-5!#&'#&!"%"#1"23%#2-$3#'/&#
in The Navigation of Feeling.
MD@#9]+'&$7"%;#!-7"#."",#5($&$5$H"3#*'(#=!-&#',"#+$0!&#5-22#2$,0/$%&$5#$+>"-
($-2$%+6#*'(#*'(5$,0#&!"#%>"5$15$&)#'*#7"(.-2#/&&"(-,5"%#',#%/5!#,',G7"(.-2#.'3)#
>(-5&$5"%#-%#%+$2$,0#'(#5()$,0:#C-(.-(-#B'%",="$,6#*'(#$,%&-,5"6#=('&"#$,#!"(4
'&!"(=$%"# ",&!/%$-%&$54("7$"=# '*# The Navigation of Feeling in The American
Historical Review#&!-&#9"+'&$7"%;#9>($7$2"0"#='(3%#'7"(#'&!"(#*'(+%#'*#"+'&$',-2#
."!-7$'(6#./&#$,#%'+"#5/2&/("%#[*'(#"O-+>2"6#&!-&#'*#+"3$"7-2#?5"2-,3\#("33",$,06#
&("+.2$,06# -,3# %="22$,0# >2-)#-# +'("# $+>'(&-,&# ('2"# &!-,# /&&"(-,5"%:;9#A!-&# 3'#
)'/#%-)#&'#&!"#5!-(0"#'*#2'0'5",&($%+Y
AB@#?&#$%#.'&!#2"0$&$+-&"#-,3#$+>'(&-,&#&'#3$%&$,0/$%!#&!'%"#"O>("%%$',%47"(-
.-26#0"%&/(-26#*-5$-26#-,3#%'#',4&!-&#3"($7"#3$("5&2)#*('+#5',%5$'/%6#$,&",&$',-2#
93"5$%$',%;#+-3"#$,#&!"#*/22#2$0!&#'*#-&&",&$',6#*('+#'&!"(#"O>("%%$',%#&!-&#'55/(#
$,-37"(&",&2)#'(#=$&!#',2)#>-(&$-2#-=-(","%%:# !"#*'(+"(#5-,#."#9"+'&$7"%;g#&!"#
K:#E""6#*'(#"O-+>2"6#&!"#-,&!'2'0)#Social Suffering6#"3:#<(&!/(#U2"$,+-,6#k"",-#e-%6#-,3#Z-(0-("&#
N'58#[C"(8"2")@#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R-2$*'(,$-#D("%%6#IJJK\6#-%#="22#-%#B-+/#_-0->>-,6#Speaking Havoc:
Social Suffering and South Asian Narratives (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005).
`:#B"33)6#9]+'&$',-2#E&)2"%#-,3#Z'3"(,#W'(+%#'*#N$*"g;#idem6#9E-)$,0#E'+"&!$,0#_"=@#D(-5&$5"#
!"'()#-,3#R'0,$&$7"#_"/('%5$",5":;
J:# C-(.-(-# V:# B'%",="$,6# ("7$"=# '*# B"33)6# The Navigation of Feeling, American Historical
Review#ILK6#,':#a#[j5&'."(#fLLf\6#IIÌ:
242 JAN PLAMPER
2-&&"(#5-,,'&#."6#*'(#&!"#%$+>2"#("-%',#&!-&#9"+'&$7"%;#-("#.'&!#+-,-0"($-2#-,3#"O-
>2'(-&'():#A"#/&&"(#['(#"O"5/&"\#&!"+#$,#&!"#!'>"#&!-&#'/(#-5&/-2#*/22#("%>',%"#=$22#
+-&5!#&!"#='(3%#="#/&&"(#'(#0"%&/("%#="#+-8":#B"%>',%"%#%/5!#-%#&"-(%#-,3#.2/%!-
$,0#-("#=$3"2)#(">'(&"3#&'#."#.")',3#%/5!#5',%5$'/%6#3$("5&#3"5$%$',G+-8$,0:#j*#
5'/(%"6#%'+"#>"(%',%#-("#-.2"#&'#2"-(,#&'#>('3/5"#&!"+6#$*#,'&#-&#=$226#,',"&!"2"%%#
=$&!#>("3$5&-.2"#%/55"%%#=!",#&!")#=$%!:#C/&#"7",#&!")#3'#,'&#3'#%'#.)#3$("5&#
7'2/,&-()#5',&('26#/,2$8"#+'7$,0#-(+#'(#2"0#+/%52"%g#$,%&"-3#&!")#("2)#',#$,3$-
("5&$',6#%/5!#-%#("5-22$,0#'(#$+-0$,$,0#-,#->>('>($-&"#5',&"O&:# !$%#"O>2-$,%#=!)#
&"-(%#-,3#.2/%!$,0#!-7"#'*&",#."",#5',%$3"("3#&'#."#+-(8%#'*#%$,5"($&)6#'(#52/"%#&'#
-,#$,&"($'(#%&-&"#&!"#$,3$7$3/-2#+-)#=$%!#&'#+-%8:#
MD@#j,"#5'/23#-2%'#-(0/"#&!-&#9"+'&$7"%;#*-$2#&'#-3"^/-&"2)#("c"5&#&!"#%'5$-2#
%$&/-&$',#$,#=!$5!#/&&"(-,5"%#-("#+-3":#W'(#"O-+>2"6#&!"#92$*"G-2&"($,0;#*""3.-58#
5)52"#>/&#$,&'#+'&$',#.)#+)#/&&"(-,5"#9?#-+#!->>);#$,#*(',&#'*#+)#>%)5!'&!"(--
>$%&6#=!'+#?#>-)#&'#-5!$"7"#!->>$,"%%6#3$**"(%#*('+#&!"#2$*"G-2&"($,0#"**"5&%#'*#&!"#
%-+"#/&&"(-,5"#$,#-,'&!"(#%'5$-2#%$&/-&$',4*'(#$,%&-,5"6#=!",#?#3"1-,&2)#(">2)#9?#
-+#!->>);#&'#+)#+'&!"(6#=!'#!-%#b/%&#>('7",#&'#+"#&!-&#?#-+#2'58"3#$,#-,#/,-
!->>)#('+-,&$5#("2-&$',%!$>:#E'+"#'*#&!"%"#5',&"O&/-2#3$**"(",5"%#+-,$*"%&#&!"+-
%"27"%#$,#$,&',-&$',6#+'3/2-&$',#'*#7'$5"4$,#%!'(&6#>('%'3)4./&#'&!"(%#("+-$,#
$,7$%$.2":# E'+"# 8$,3# '*# 5',&"O&/-2# 7"5&'(# ,""3%# &'# ."# ./$2&# $,&'# &!"# 9"+'&$7";#
5',5">&6#3',F&#)'/#-0(""Y
AB@#?#5'+>2"&"2)#-0(""#=$&!#&!$%#'.%"(7-&$',:#?&#%""+%#&'#+"#&!$%#$%#b/%&#&!"#
8$,3#'*#$%%/"#?#=$%!#&'#.($,0#$,#-%#-#5',5"(,#'*#("%"-(5!:#?&#$%#>"(*"5&2)#>'%%$.2"#
&!-&#%'+"#'*#&!"#>('%'3)#'*#-,#/&&"(-,5"#$%#5!'%",6#%'+"#$,-37"(&",&#'(#/,5',-
%5$'/%4&!$%#$%#>"(!->%#-2=-)%#&!"#5-%":#?#='/23#->>2)#&!"#%-+"#3$%&$,5&$',#-%#$,#
&!"#>("7$'/%#^/"%&$',:# !"#9"+'&$7";#5!-(-5&"(#'*#-,#/&&"(-,5"#'(#0"%&/("#-($%"%#
*('+#&!"#*-5&#&!-&#&!"#-5&'(#$%#&()$,0#&'#-55'+>2$%!#-,#-5&#'*#%"2*G+-,-0"+",&#'(#
%"2*G"O>2'(-&$',# .)# +-8$,0# $&:# !"# "**"5&%# '*# &!$%# "+'&$7"# +-)# %!'=# /># $,# &!"#
/&&"(-,5"# $&%"2*:# j,"# +$0!&6# *'(# "O-+>2"6# %&-(&# %'..$,0# ."*'("# ',"# +-,-0"3# &'#
5'+>2"&"#&!"#/&&"(-,5"6#9?#-+#!->>):;
MD@#<,'&!"(#8")#5',5">&#'*#)'/(%#$%#&!-&#'*#&!"#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+"6;#=!$5!#)'/#
3"1,"#-%#9 !"#%"&#'*#,'(+-&$7"#"+'&$',%#-,3#&!"#'*15$-2#($&/-2%6#>(-5&$5"%6#-,3#
l"+'&$7"%F#&!-&#"O>("%%#-,3#$,5/25-&"#&!"+g#-#,"5"%%-()#/,3"(>$,,$,0#'*#-,)#%&--
.2"#>'2$&$5-2#("0$+":;10#_'=6#$&#$%#!-(3#&'#-7'$3#&!"#$+>("%%$',#&!-&#)'/(#>('&'&)>$-
5-2#>'2$&$5-2#("0$+"#$%#&!"#,-&$',G%&-&":#P"&#&!$%#,-&$',G%&-&"#$%#'*#5'/(%"#-#*-$(2)#
("5",&6# +'3"(,# $,7",&$',:# ?,# +-,)# >"($'3%# '*# !$%&'()# -,3# ("0$',%# '*# &!"# ='(23#
&!"("#=-%#,'#%&-&"#=!'%"#&",&-52"%#3"">2)#("-5!"3#$,&'#&!"#*-.($5#'*#%'5$-2#2$*":#
V$%&'($5-2#-5&'(%#$,%&"-3#."2',0"3#&'#+/2&$>2"6#'7"(2->>$,06#2-(0"2)#2'5-2#5'++/-
,$&$"%:# '#^/'&"#C-(.-(-#B'%",="$,#',5"#+'("6#"7",#=!",#->>2$"3#&'#5",&(-2$H"3#
%&-&"%#&!"#5',5">&#9+-)#'7"(2''8#7-($"&$"%#-,3#2'5-2$%+%:#?%#$&#,'&#2$8"2)6#*'(#"O-
-+>2"6#&!-&#"$0!&"",&!G5",&/()#%-2',%6#+-($&-2#."3%6#-,3#2-=#5'/(&%42"&#-2',"#&!"#
!'+"%#'*#&!"#2-.'($,0#>''(#[&!"#2-&&"(#-#>'$,&#(-$%"3#.)#B"33)#!$+%"2*\#5',%&$&/&"3#
&!"$(#'=,#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%6#=!'%"#("2-&$',%#&'#&!"#"+'&$7"%#>("%5($."3#.)#
l%",&$+",&-2$%+F#['(#5'/(&2)#5$7$2$&)6#*'(#&!-&#+-&&"(\#7-($"3Y;11 How about using
IL:#B"33)6#The Navigation of Feeling, 129.

11. Rosenwein, American Historical Review, 1181.
9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#$,#&!"#>2/(-2Y#V'=6#&!",6#='/23#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+"%;#3$**"(#
*('+#B'%",="$,F%#'=,#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%;Y
AB@# ?# -+# 5'+>2"&"2)# -&# "-%"# =$&!# &!"# $3"-# '*# /%$,0# &!"# &"(+# $,# &!"# >2/(-2:#
A!",#?#1(%&#*'(+/2-&"3#$&6#$,#*-5&6#?#=-%#&!$,8$,0#'*#&!"#"&!,'0(->!$5#5',&"O&4
*-5"G&'G*-5"#5'++/,$&$"%#-%#$,#&!"#52-%%$5#%&/3$"%#'*#R-&!"($,"#N/&H#'(#N$2-#<./G
N/0!'3:12#?&#$%#^/$&"#52"-(#&!-&#"+'&$',-2#,'(+%#-("#$+>'%"36#-,3#"+'&$',-2#$3"-2%#
"O-2&"36#$,#%+-22#$%'2-&"3#5'++/,$&$"%#%/5!#-%#&!-&#'*#&!"#?2',0'&#'*#Z$5!"22"#m:#
B'%-23'F%#52-%%$5#IJ`L#"&!,'0(->!):13#?#,'&"3#$,#The Navigation of Feeling that
-,)#5'++/,$&)#&!-&#"O&",3%#.")',3#*-5"G&'G*-5"#5',&-5&%#$%#2$8"2)#&'#!-7"#+-,)#
"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%:#?#='/23#-33#!"("#&!-&#%'+"#'*#&!"+#-("#$+>'%"3#$,#&!"$(#'=,#
5',&"O&6#&!-&#$%6#!-7"#&!"#*'(5"#'*#,'(+%#$,#&!-&#5',&"O&:#<#c$0!&#-&&",3-,&#=!'#
5-,,'&#."#5!""(*/2#=$22#2'%"#!"(#'(#!$%#b'.:#C/&#&!"#%-+"#,'(+#5'/23#,'&#."#->>2$"3#
&'#-#.-%8"&.-22#5'-5!#[-#0('/>6#$,#&!"#Q:E:<:6#,'&'($'/%#*'(#&!"#*("^/",5)#-,3#.($2-
2$-,5"#'*#&!"$(#-,0()#'/&./(%&%\:#E'+"#*-5"G&'G*-5"#5'++/,$&$"%#=$&!$,#-#2-(0"(#
>'2$&)#+-)#."#-.2"#&'#%/%&-$,#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%#&!-&#!-7"#2$&&2"#$,#5'++',#=$&!#&!"#
&(-,%("0$',-2#,'(+%#'*#&!-&#>'2$&):#?*#&!")#",*'(5"#&!"%"#%&)2"%#&!('/0!#>",-2&$"%#
%/5!#-%#0'%%$>6#"O52/%$',6#'(#3"+'&$',6#&!"%"#%&)2"%#5'/,&#-%#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+"%:;#
!'%"#%&)2"%#&!-&#-("#+'("#'(#2"%%#5''(3$,-&"3#=$&!#&!"#"+'&$',-2#,'(+%#",*'(5"3#
-&#&!"#5",&"(#'*#>'="(#'(#-/&!'($&)#'*#-#>'2$&)#5'/23#."#5',%$3"("3#5'+>',",&%#'*#
its “emotional regime.”
MD@# A!-&# 3'# )'/# +-8"# '*# &!"# 7/20-($H-&$',# '*# %/5!# 5',5">&%# -%# 9"+'&$',-2#
("0$+"6;#=!$5!#+-,)#!$%&'($-,%#%&($>#'*#$&%#3$+",%$',#'*#9"+'&$7"%;#-,3#"+>2')#
&'#3",'&"#,'#+'("#&!-,#&!"#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"#'*#-#0('/>Y
AB@# j/(# -.$2$&)# &'# 0(-%># &!"# >'2$&$5-26# $,# &!"# =-)# &!-&# B-)+',3#A$22$-+%F%#
,'&$',# '*# 9%&(/5&/("# '*# *""2$,0;# 0(-%>%# &!"# >'2$&$5-26# ("2$"%# ',# '/(# ->>("5$-&$',#
&!-&#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%#-("#",*'(5"36#&!-&#>",-2&$"%#-,3#"O52/%$',#*-22#',#&!'%"#=!'#
3'#,'&#5',*'(+#&'#&!"+:#9E&)2";#."5'+"%#9("0$+";#=!",#&!"#%/+#'*#&!"#>",-2-
&$"%#-,3#"O52/%$',%#-33%#/>#&'#-#5'!"(",&#%&(/5&/("6#-,3#&!"#$%%/"#'*#5',*'(+$&)#
."5'+"%# 3"1,$,0# *'(# &!"# $,3$7$3/-2:# W'(# "O-+>2"6# =!",# &='# >"(%',%# ."0$,# &'#
%!'/&#-&#"-5!#'&!"(#$,#-,0"(#$,#-#("%&-/(-,&6#&!"#%&-**#'*#&!"#("%&-/(-,&#$%#2$8"2)#&'#
-%8#&!"+#&'#2"-7":# !"("#$%#-,#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"#->>('>($-&"#&'#("%&-/(-,&#5/%&'+-
"(%:# !$%#$%#',"#'*#-#,/+."(#'*#%&)2"%#->>('>($-&"#&'#5',%/+"(%4-2&!'/0!#=!-&#
$%#>"(+$%%$.2"#-&#-#%'55"(#0-+"#$%#^/$&"#3$**"(",&#*('+#=!-&#$%#>"(+$%%$.2"#-&#-#
("%&-/(-,&:#A"#5-,#."0$,#&'#&-28#'*#-,#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#*'(#5',%/+"(%#=!",#
="#5',%$3"(#&!-&6#$,#+-,)#A"%&"(,#$,3/%&($-2$H"3#5'/,&($"%#&'3-)6#',"#+$0!&#."#
3">($7"3#'*#&!"#,"5"%%$&$"%#'*#2$*"6#$,#"**"5&6#$*#',"#5'/23#,'&#5',*'(+#&'#-&#2"-%&#
',"#'(#&='#'*#&!"#(-,0"#'*#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%#5/+/2-&$7"2)#9",*'(5"3;#',#5',%/+-
"(%:#]7",#-#="-2&!)#%5!$H'>!(",$5#+-)#,""3#!"2>#0"&&$,0#*''3:#
MD@#<#5($&$5-2#5'+>',",&#'*#)'/(#&!"'()#$%#&'#."#-.2"#&'#+-8"#7-2/"#b/30+",&%#
-.'/&#7-($'/%#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+"%:;#P'/#5-22#&!"#>('5"%%#'*#+-,"/7"($,0#."&="",#
If:#E""#N$2-#<./GN/0!'36#Veiled Sentiments: Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society#[C"(8"2")@#

Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R-2$*'(,$-#D("%%6#IJ`S\g#R-&!"($,"#N/&H6#Unnatural Emotions: Everyday Sentiments on
a Micronesian Atoll and Their Challenge to Western Theory#[R!$5-0'@#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R!$5-0'#D("%%6#
1988).
Ih:# E""# Z$5!"22"# m:# B'%-23'6# Knowledge and Passion: Ilongot Notions of Self and Social Life
[R-+.($30"6#QU@#R-+.($30"#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#IJ`L\:
244 JAN PLAMPER
3$**"(",&# 0'-2# '($",&-&$',%# '*# "+'&$',%# 9"+'&$',-2# ,-7$0-&$',6;# &!"# -7-$2-.$2$&)#

'*#%>-5"%#['(#>(-5&$5"%\#&!-&#("3/5"#0'-2#5',c$5&#9"+'&$',-2#("*/0"6;#&!"#("%/2&#'*#
"+'&$',-2#0'-2#5',c$5&#9"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,06;#-,3#&!"#$3"-2#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#
',"#&!-&#'**"(%#&!"#0("-&"%&#-+'/,&#'*#9"+'&$',-2#2$."(&):;# '#$22/%&(-&"6#-#8/2-8F%#
3-/0!&"(#3/($,0#&!"#E'7$"&#5'22"5&$7$H-&$',#'*#-0($5/2&/("#='/23#!-7"#."",#&!('=,#
$,&'#$,&",%"#"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,0#."5-/%"#'*#&!"#0'-2#5',c$5&#."&="",#2'7"#*'(#!"(#
.$'2'0$5-2#*-&!"(#-,3#2'7"#*'(#&!"#9*-&!"(#'*#>"'>2"%6;#E&-2$,:#?*#%!"#'.")"3#&!"#2-&-
&"(6#%!"#!-3#&'#3",'/,5"#&!"#*'(+"(#-,3#2$8"2)#5-/%"#!$%#>!)%$5-2#-,,$!$2-&$',:# !"#
9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#'*#E&-2$,$%+#='/23#!-7"#+-3"#$&#7"()#3$*15/2&#*'(#!"(#&'#>(-5-
&$5"#%/55"%%*/2#"+'&$',-2#,-7$0-&$',6#='/23#!-7"#'**"("3#2$&&2"#"+'&$',-2#("*/0"6#
&!/%#-+'/,&$,0#&'#-#%+-22#3"0(""#'*#"+'&$',-2#2$."(&):#?&#=-%#-#bad “emotional
("0$+":;#?%#&!$%#-#1&&$,0#"O-+>2"Y#<>-(&#*('+#&!$%#8$,3#'*#0'-2#5',c$5&#."&="",#
&='#'.b"5&%#'*#2'7"6#=!-&#"2%"#3'"%#9"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,0;#$,#)'/(#/,3"(%&-,3$,0#
",5'+>-%%Y
AB@#P'/#!-7"#'**"("3#-%#-#^/$58#"O-+>2"#-#5-%"#&!-&#$%#%$+>2$1"36#>"(!->%#&''#
%$+>2$1"3:#?&#(-$%"%#+-,)#^/"%&$',%:#W'(#"O-+>2"6#$,#-#%'5$"&)#=!"("#5!$23(",#-("#
2"*&#/,3"(#>-(",&-2#5-("#&!('/0!#-3'2"%5",5"6#$&#+$0!&#."#&!"#5-%"#&!-&#5!$23(",6#
0$7",#&!"#>'="(#&'#3",'/,5"#&!"$(#>-(",&%6#='/23#'*&",#/%"#&!$%#>'="(#&'#",!-,5"#
&!"$(#9"+'&$',-2#2$."(&);#7$%GnG7$%#&!"$(#>-(",&%:# !")#+$0!&#-2%'#%/**"(#%'+"#0/$2&#
$,#+-8$,0#%/5!#/%"#'*#&!"$(#,"=#>'="(:#?,#-,)#5-%"6#5-("*/2#$,7"%&$0-&$',#='/23#."#
,"5"%%-()#&'#3"&"(+$,"#&!"#"**"5&%#'*#%/5!#-#>'2$5):#?,#The Navigation of Feeling
?#-(0/"3#&!-&#($0$3#("0$+"%4$,#=!$5!#"+'&$',-2#,'(+%#-("#+'("#%!-(>2)#3(-=,#
-,3#+'("#($0'('/%2)#",*'(5"34=$22#."#2"%%#%&-.2"#&!-,#2''%"#("0$+"%#&!-&#&'2"(-&"#
%/.%&-,&$-2#3"7$-,5":#?#!-3#$,#+$,3#&!"#5',&(-%&#."&="",#&!"#M-5'.$,#B">/.2$5#-,3#
&!"#5',%&$&/&$',-2#+',-(5!$"%#'*#,$,"&"",&!G5",&/()#W(-,5":#?&#$%#-2%'#&!"#5-%"#&!-&#
&!"#($0$3#("0$+"%#$,c$5&#-#%>"5$-2#8$,3#'*#"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,06#'*&",#/,b/%&$1-.2"#
%/**"($,06#&!-&#$%#%!-(>6#>"(%',-26#-,3#%/33",4-%#=!",#',"#$%#b/30"3#%/++-($2)#
.)#-#("7'2/&$',-()#&($./,-2:#E/**"($,0#/,3"(#&!"#R$7$2#R'3"#'*#I`La4*'(#"O-+>2"6#
%/**"($,0#5-/%"3#.)#-#2',0#&"(+#'*#/,"+>2')+",&4=-%#+'("#3$**/%"6#2"%%#"-%$2)#
3"1,"3:#?,#-33$&$',6#$&#=-%#2"%%#$,&",%"#."5-/%"#&!"#$,3$7$3/-2#("&-$,"3#-,#-((-)#'*#
5!'$5"%#-,3#%!("3%#'*#!'>":#
C/&# ',"# +/%&# &("-3# 5-("*/22):# e/($,0# &!"# E'7$"&# "(-6# *'(# "O-+>2"6# -&# 2"-%&# $,#
%'+"#$,%&-,5"%6#?#%/%>"5&#>"'>2"#*'/,3#"+'&$',-2#("*/0"#-&#&!"$(#>2-5"#'*#='(86#
."5-/%"#&!")#",b')"3#-#!$0!#3"0(""#'*#b'.#%"5/($&)#-,3#."5-/%"#+-,)#",&"(>($%"%#
9%&'58>$2"3;# "O5"%%# 2-.'(# $,# '(3"(# &'# ."# -.2"# &'# +""&# >('3/5&$',# ^/'&-%:# j,2)#
"O>"(&%#$,#&!"#1"23#='/23#."#-.2"#&'#3"&"(+$,"#$*#&!$%#="("#&!"#5-%":#_',"&!"2"%%6#
$&#3'"%#,'&#%&($8"#+"#-%#prima facie#$+>2-/%$.2"#&!-&#&!"("#=-%#+'("#"+'&$',-2#
*(""3'+#*'(#5"(&-$,#0('/>%#$,#&!"#E'7$"&#Q,$',#$,#&!"#IJhL%#&!-,#*'(#+-,)#0('/>%#
$,#e">("%%$',G"(-#j82-!'+-#'(#Z$%%$%%$>>$:#
<#>-(-3$0+#?#'*&",#/%"#*'(#"+'&$',-2#"**'(&#-,3#%/**"($,0#$%#&!"#5-%"#'*#-#2',0G
3$%&-,5"#(/,,"(:# !"#*-(&!"(#%!"#(/,%6#&!"#0("-&"(#&!"#$,&",%$&)#'*#5"(&-$,#>!)%$'-
2'0$5-2#("%>',%"%@#+/%5/2-(#>-$,6#b'$,&#>-$,6#&!"#%",%-&$',#'*#2-58$,0#'O)0",:#E!"6#
2$8"#+'%&#!/+-,%6#-%%'5$-&"%#&!"%"#%",%-&$',%#=$&!#-#*-$2/("#'*#%"2*G5-(":#B'/&$,"#
%"2*G5-("#$%#-#!$0!G>($'($&)#0'-2#*'(#-,)#!/+-,#=!'#!-%#%/(7$7"3#"-(2)#5!$23!''3:#
W""2$,0%#'*#/(0",5)#-,3#-,O$"&)#-($%"#-%#&!$%#0'-2#$%#,"02"5&"3:# !"#+'("#$,&",%"#
&!"# >-$,6# &!"# +'("# 5',7$,5$,0# &!"# $+>("%%$',# &!-&# ',"# $%# ,"02"5&$,0# %'+"&!$,0#
"%%",&$-2:# !"#9-,O$"&);#&!-&#("%/2&%#$%#2"-(,"34./&#$&#$%#-#*""2$,0#-2+'%&#"7"()#
!"-2&!)#-3/2&#=$22#!-7"#2"-(,"36#',"#=-)#'(#-,'&!"(:# !"#5'+>"&$&$7"#(/,,"(4*'(#
"O-+>2"6#&!"#j2)+>$5#5',&"%&-,&4!-%#-,'&!"(#!$0!G>($'($&)#0'-26#=!$5!#$%#&'#=$,#
&!"#(-5":#A!",#="#-3+$("#&!"#=$,,"(#'*#&!$%#8$,3#'*#5'+>"&$&$',6#="#-3+$("6#$,#
>-(&6#&!"#=$,,"(F%#5->-5$&)#&'#%/%&-$,#&!"#0'-2#'*#=$,,$,0#&!('/0!#&!"#*("^/",&6#
$,&",%"#$,,"(#0'-2#5',c$5&%#&!-&#-55'+>-,)#&(-$,$,0#-,3#>"(*'(+-,5":#E/>>'%"6#
!'="7"(6#&!-&#&!"#(/,,"(#="("#&()$,0#&'#=$,#."5-/%"#%!"#=-%#&!"#5->&$7"#'*#-#&'-
&-2$&-($-,#("0$+"6#-,3#!"(#5->&'(%#!-3#&'23#!"(#&!-&#$*#%!"#2'%&#&!"#(-5"6#',"#'*#!"(#
*"22'=#>($%',"(%#='/23#."#"O"5/&"3:#A!$2"#="#='/23#%&$22#-3+$("#!"(#$*#%!"#=',6#
="#='/23#("0-(3#!"(#&("-&+",&#-%#-#*'(+#'*#&'(&/("6#-,3#!"(#"O>"($",5"#-%#-#*'(+#
of “emotional suffering” (rather than “effort”).
?&#$%#,'&#"-%)#&'#->>2)#%/5!#2-."2%6#./&#="#+/%&#->>2)#&!"+6#'(#&!"$(#"^/$7-2",&%6#
'(#0$7"#/>#',#+-8$,0#-,)#>'2$&$5-2#%",%"#'*#!$%&'():#W'(#"O-+>2"6#',"#>'2$&$5-2#
%&-,5"#&'=-(3#+'3"(,6#5',%5($>&"3#$,*-,&()#%'23$"(%#$%#("7"-2"3#=!",#',"#3"5$3"%#
&'#5-22#&!"+#9.(-7";#[2$8"#j2)+>$5#5'+>"&$&'(%\6#-,3#^/$&"#-#3$**"(",&#>'2$&$5-2#
%&-,5"#=!",#',"#3"5$3"%#&'#5-22#&!"+#97$5&$+%:;
?#='/23#5-22#&!"#=$,,"(#'*#-#B'+-,#02-3$-&'($-2#0-+"6#=!'%"#'>>',",&#3$"3#$,#
-#*-$(#10!&6#-#97$5&$+;4"7",#$,#&!"#+'+",&#'*#!$%#&($/+>!:#B'+-,#%2-7"#("7'2&%#
="("#%/>>("%%"3#=$&!#%-7-0"()6#-,3#%2-7"#.2''3#=-%#("0-(3"3#-%#='(&!2"%%#.2''3g#
&!"#3'5/+",&-&$',#',#&!$%#$%#^/$&"#0''3:#<#%2-7"F%#!$0!G>($'($&)#0'-2#'*#%"2*G5-("#
=-%#%$+>2)#5-&"0'($H"3#-%#%'+"&!$,0#3$**"(",&#*('+#-#5$&$H",F%#!$0!G>($'($&)#0'-2#
'*# %"2*G5-("6# -%# %'+"&!$,0# %'# /,$+>'(&-,&# $&# 5'/23# ."# +-,$>/2-&"3# &'# >('3/5"#
",&"(&-$,+",&:# ]7",# $*# &!"("# ="("# %2-7"%# =!'# -55">&"3# &!$%# -%# b/%&6# ?# 3'# ,'&:# ?#
='/23#$,%$%&#&!-&#"-5!#!/+-,#$,3$7$3/-2F%#5->-5$&)#*'(#"**'(&6#5->-5$&)#&'#%/**"(6#
."#&("-&"3#=$&!#"^/-2#3$0,$&):#V"("#?#/%"#"O-+>2"%#$,7'27$,0#>!)%$5-2#3-+-0"#'(#
",3-,0"(+",&6#."5-/%"#&!")#-("#"-%$"(#&'#5!-(-5&"($H"#$,#-#*"=#='(3%:#C/&#?#='/23#
+-8"#&!"#%-+"#>'$,&#-.'/&#$,&"(>"(%',-2#"+'&$',-2#.',3%6#-,3#&!"#%/**"($,0#',"#
5-,#$,c$5&#.)#&!"$(#+-,$>/2-&$',:#_""32"%%#&'#%-)6#$&#$%#-#5!-22",0"#&'#3"%5($."#&!"+#
-3"^/-&"2):#V'="7"(6#?#='/23#5"(&-$,2)#5',%$3"(#&!"#='(8#"O>"($",5"#$,#-,#"-(2)#
,$,"&"",&!G5",&/()#5'&&',G%>$,,$,0#+$22#-%6#*'(#-&#2"-%&#%'+"#='(8"(%6#-#*'(+#'*#
&'(&/("6#$,c$5&"3#&!('/0!#*(""3'+#'*#5',&(-5&:
MD@# ?%# &!"# -+'/,&# '*# %/**"($,0# /2&$+-&"2)# 3"&"(+$,"3# .)# &!"# +-8"G/># '*# '/(#
.(-$,Y#D/&#3$**"(",&2)6#$%#&!"("#%/5!#-#&!$,0#-%#9!-(3G=$("3;#.'/,3-($"%#&'#"+'-
&$',-2#,-7$0-&$',6#-,#-.%'2/&"#2$+$&#.")',3#=!$5!#%/**"($,0#$,7-($-.2)#."0$,%Y#j(#
$%#&!"("#/,2$+$&"3#%>-5"#*'(#$,3$7$3/-2#-,3#5/2&/(-2#-0",5)4-*&"(#-226#=!'#$%#&'#
3"5$3"#=!-&#%/**"($,0#+"-,%#*'(#-#0$7",#>"(%',#[*'(#"O-+>2"6#-#+-%'5!$%&\#'(#-#
0$7",#5/2&/("#[*'(#"O-+>2"6#',"#&!-&#>/&%#-#>("+$/+#',#%/**"($,06#%/5!#-%#-,#'(3"(#
'*#%"2*Gc-0"22-&$,0#+',8%\Y
AB@# !"#-,%="(#&'#&!$%#^/"%&$',#$%#$+>2$"3#$,#+)#>("7$'/%#("%>',%"%:#]7"()-
&!$,0#$%6#$,#-#=-)6#3"&"(+$,"3#.)#&!"#+-8"G/>#'*#&!"#.(-$,:#?,#-,'&!"(#%",%"6#&!"#
-,%="(#&'#&!$%#^/"%&$',#("+-$,%#/,52"-(:#?&#%""+%#&'#+"#2$8"2)#&!-&#5'++/,$&$"%#
!-7"#%'+"&$+"%#&(-$,"3#$,3$7$3/-2%6#.)#="22G'(0-,$H"3#(">"&$&$',#'*#%$&/-&$',%#$,-
7'27$,0# $,&",%"# >-$,# '(# >!)%$5-2# &(-/+-6# &'# &'2"(-&"# %/5!# >-$,# -,3# &(-/+-# =$&!#
',2)#%2$0!&#9"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,06;#$,#&!"#%",%"#'*#0'-2#5',c$5&:#M/2$/%#R-"%-(#'.7$-
'/%2)#!-3#+-,)#%/5!#7"&"(-,%#$,#!$%#2"0$',%#=!",#!"#1,-22)#5('%%"3#&!"#B/.$5',:#
246 JAN PLAMPER
C/&6#-%#=$&!#R-"%-(F%#2"0$',%6#&!"#&(-$,$,0#'*#%/5!#>"(%',%#0","(-22)#$,7'27"%#-#
=$,,'=$,0#>('5"%%:# !'%"#=!'#5-,,'&#%/%&-$,#&!"#>('5"%%#*-22#.)#&!"#=-)%$3":14
JP: The greatest amount of emotional liberty, then, seems to obtain in liberal,
3"+'5(-&$5#%'5$"&$"%#=$&!#%&(',0#+$,'($&)#($0!&%:# !-&#$%6#$,#&!"#$3"-2#%'5$"&)#'*#
+-,)#>'2$&$5-22)#>('0("%%$7"#A"%&"(,"(%:#?%,F&#&!$%#5$(5/2-(Y#
AB@#?#='/23#%-)#&!-&#$&#("+-$,%#&'#."#%"",#!'=#."%&#&'#",%/("#&!-&#"-5!#>"(%',F%#
5->-5$&)# *'(# "+'&$',-2# %/**"($,0# $%# &("-&"3# =$&!# "^/-2# 3$0,$&):# ?*# %'+"#A"%&"(,#
3"+'5(-&$5# ("0$+"%# !-7"# 5'+"# 52'%"(# &'# &!$%# $3"-2# &!-,# "-(2$"(# ]/('>"-,# +',-
-(5!$"%#'(#5',5/((",&#5",&(-2$H"3#%'5$-2$%&#("0$+"%6#$&#!-%#."",#-&#2"-%&#$,#>-(&#.)#
-55$3",&:# !"("#$%#^/$&"#-#.$&#'*#"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,0#$,7'27"3#$,#5',*'(+$,0#&'#
&!"# ,'(+%# '*# &!"# (-&$',-26# %"2*G$,&"("%&"3# $,3$7$3/-2# &!-&# &!"%"# ("0$+"%6# $,# >($,-
5$>2"6#!-7"#%"&#'/&#&'#92$."(-&";#-%#$*#%/5!#9$,3$7$3/-2%;#="("#0$7",#$,#,-&/(":# !"#
-+'/,&#'*#%/**"($,0#7-($"%#",'(+'/%2)#.)#%'5$'"5','+$5#%&-&/%g#.)#(-5$-26#"&!,$56#
-,3#0",3"(#$3",&$&)g#.)#&!"#"5','+$5#conjonctureg -,3#$,#-55'(3#=$&!#-#7-($"&)#
'*#'&!"(#5$(5/+%&-,5"%:# !"("#-("#'7"(#-#!/,3("3#&!'/%-,3#%5!$H'>!(",$5%#=!'#
2$7"#-%#!'+"2"%%#>"(%',%#',#&!"#%&(""&%#'*#&!"#Q:E:#&'3-)6#=$&!'/&#+"3$5-&$',#'(#
5-("4b/%&#&'#&-8"#',"#"O-+>2":#
MD@#j,"#+$0!&#=',3"(#=!)#)'/#5!'%"#&'#1(%&#2-)#'/&#-#%>"5$15#5'0,$&$7"#>%)-
5!'2'0$5-2#&!"'()#'*#"+'&$',%#-,3#&!",#&'#%-)#&!-&#-#5"(&-$,#&)>"#'*#>'2$&)#."%&#1&%#
&!$%#&!"'()#."5-/%"#$&#-22'=%#*'(#-#+-O$+/+#'*#"+'&$',-2#("*/0"6#,-7$0-&$',6#-,3#
2$."(&)6#5("-&$,0#-#+$,$+/+#'*#%/**"($,0:#<,#-2&"(,-&$7"#='/23#!-7"#."",#&'#1(%&#
%>"22#'/&#)'/(#>'2$&$5-2G"&!$5-2#7-2/"%#-,3#&!",#&'#%-)#&!-&#-#5"(&-$,#.(-,3#'*#5'0,$-
&$7"#>%)5!'2'0)#."%&#1&%#&!"%"#>'2$&$5-2G"&!$5-2#7-2/"%:#A!-&#3'#)'/#&!$,8Y
AB@#Z)#$,&",&$',#!-%#."",#&'#1,36#(-&!"(#&!-,#&'#2-)#'/&#a priori6#+)#>'2$&$-
5-2G"&!$5-2#7-2/"%#&!('/0!#-#>('5"%%#'*#5($&$5-2#("-3$,0#'*#,"/('%5$",5"#("%"-(5!6#
+'&$7-&"3#.)#-#%",%"#'*#*(/%&(-&$',#=$&!#&!"#2-,3%5->"#2"*&#/%#.)#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%+:#
?#!-7"#&($"3#&'#%!-("#&!$%#>('5"%%#=$&!#$,&"("%&"3#("-3"(%:
MD@# ?,# +)# 7$"=6# &!"# -(5!$&"5&/("# '*# The Navigation of Feeling follows two
5'+>2"+",&-()#>($,5$>2"%@#[I\#3$-2"5&$5-2#-,3#[f\#$,#&!"#7"$,#'*#3"3/5&$7"#%'5$-2#
%5$",5":#[I\#e$-2"5&$5-2@#1(%&#&!"("#$%#&!"#/,$7"(%-2$%&#&!"%$%#[5!->&"(#I6#9<,%="(%#
*('+#R'0,$&$7"#D%)5!'2'0);\6#&!",#&!"#5',%&(/5&$',$%&#-,&$&!"%$%#[5!->&"(#f6#9<,-
%="(%#*('+#<,&!('>'2'0);\6#=!$5!#$%#&!",#aufgehoben#$,#-#!$%&'($5-2#%),&!"%$%#
'*#&!"#"+'&$',%#[5!->&"(%#fXh6#9]+'&$',-2#]O>("%%$',#-%#-# )>"#'*#E>""5!#<5&;#
-,3#9]+'&$',-2#N$."(&);\:#[f\#e"3/5&$7"#%'5$-2#%5$",5"@#>-(&#?#[9A!-&#<("#]+'-
&$',%Y;\#2-)%#'/&#&!"#&!"'()6#=!$5!#$%#&!",#->>2$"3#&'#9!$%&'($5-2#3-&-;#$,#>-(&#??#
[9]+'&$',%# $,# V$%&'()@# W(-,5"6# IKLLXI`dL;\:#<,'&!"(# $,3$5-&$',# '*# &!"# .''8F%#
%'5$-2G%5$",5"#9*""2;#$%#$&%#+'3"#'*#"O>'%$&$',6#=!$5!#$%#2/5$36#b-(0',G*(""6#-,3#
."("*&#'*#$(',)#'(#>'%&+'3"(,#2-,0/-0"#0-+"%:#e'#)'/#-0(""#=$&!#&!$%#3"%5($>&$',#
'*#)'/(#.''8F%#-(5!$&"5&/("Y
AB@#?#-0(""#=$&!#)'/(#5!-(-5&"($H-&$',#'*#&!"#='(8#-%#93$-2"5&$5-26;#=$&!#&!"#
>('7$%'#&!-&#&!"#%),&!"%$%#'*#5($&$5-2#("-3$,0%#'*#.'&!#>%)5!'2'0$5-2#-,3#-,&!('>'-
2'0$5-2#("%"-(5!#2$"%#,'&#$,#!$%&'($5-2#/,3"(%&-,3$,06#./&#$,#&!"#5',5">&#'*#9"+'-
&$7"%6;#=!$5!#+-8"%#-#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#&!$,8-.2":#?#3'#,'&#5',%$3"(#&!"#+"&!'3#
Ia:# W'(# -# ("2-&"3# "O-+>2"6# 5*:# V-(7")# A!$&"!'/%"6# 9B$&"%# '*# "(('(@# ]+'&$',6# Z"&->!'(# -,3#
Memory in Melanesian Initiation Cults,” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 2 (1996),
703-715.
'*#&!"#='(8#&'#."#93"3/5&$7"6;#!'="7"(g#>"(!->%#95($&$5-2G"+>$($5-26;#$,#&!"#%",%"#
&!-&#-,%="(%#-("#%'/0!&#$,#"+>$($5-22)#-5^/$("3#"7$3",5"6#./&#',2)#',#&!"#5',3$-
&$',#&!-&#&!"#">$%&"+'2'0)#>"(+$&&$,0#&!"#-5^/$%$&$',#'*#%/5!#"7$3",5"#$%#5',%&-,&-
2)#%/.b"5&"3#&'#5($&$5-2#"7-2/-&$',:#_',"#'*#&!"#3$%5$>2$,"%#'*#&!"#%'5$-2#%5$",5"%#
-("#9b-(0',G*(""6;#'*#5'/(%":#?#3$3#%&($7"#&'#",%/("#&!"#&"O&#5'/23#."#("-3#.)#-#=$3"#
7-($"&)#'*#"3/5-&"3#("-3"(%:
MD@#?*#?#5'(("5&2)#3"&"5&"3#&!"#%'5$-2G%5$",5"#2'0$5#'*#)'/(#.''86#&!",#)'/(#&!"-
'()#='/23#!-7"#&'#."#b/30"3#.)#&!"#^/-2$&)#'*#"+>$($5-2#->>2$5-&$',:15#<,3#)"&#
+-,)#*""2#&!-&#&!"#->>2$5-&$',#'*#)'/(#&!"'()#&'#&!"#W(",5!#!$%&'($5-2#+-&"($-2#$%#
&!"#2"%%#%/55"%%*/2#>-(&#'*#&!"#.''8:# !"#5-"%/(-"#$,#W(",5!#!$%&'()#-("#&!"#="22G
8,'=,#',"%g#)'/(#$,&"(>("&-&$',#'*#%'/(5"%#2-58%43"2$."(-&"2)6#?#-+#%/("4%'+"#
'*#&!"#2$,0/$%&$5#3">&!#8,'=,#*('+#)'/(#"-(2$"(#='(86#%'#&!-&#="#",3#/>#$+-0$,-
$,0#-#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#n#2-#B"33)#-%#-#!$%&'()#&!-&#",&-$2%#-#2'%%#'*#%'+"#'*#&!"#
>!$2'2'0$5-2#%",%$&$7$&)4&!"#-&&",&$',#&'#10/(-&$7"#%>""5!#-,3#+/5!#+'("4="#
-5^/$("3#$,#&!"#=-8"#'*#&!"#2$,0/$%&$5#&/(,:#A!-&#3'#)'/#+-8"#'*#&!$%#>'$,&Y
AB@# !"#!$%&'($5-2#>-(&#'*#&!"#='(8#5',%$%&%#'*#&='#%"5&$',%@#[I\#-,#'7"(7$"=#
'*#"$0!&"",&!G5",&/()#!$%&'()#-,3#-#%/00"%&"3#9"O>2-,-&$',;#*'(#&!"#$,%&-.$2$&)#'*#
&!"#M-5'.$,#B">/.2$56#-,3#[f\#-#($0'('/%#"O-+$,-&$',#'*#&!"#"+'&$',-2#2-,0/-0"#'*#
>2"-3$,0%#-,3#3">'%$&$',%#$,#5$7$2#2$&$0-&$',#5-%"%#/,3"(#&!"#B"%&'(-&$',#-,3#M/2)#
Z',-(5!)6#.-%"3#',#&='#5-("*/22)#5',%&(/5&"3#%-+>2"%#-,3#("2)$,0#',#-,#"O!-/%-
&$7"#"O-+$,-&$',#'*#"+'&$',-2#7'5-./2-()#$,#&!"%"#%-+>2"%:# !"#1(%&#'*#&!"%"#%"5-
&$',%#=-%#%$+>2)#-,#"**'(&#&'#%!'=#!'=#&!"#2-,3%5->"#'*#&!"#>-%&#5'/23#2''8#^/$&"#
3$**"(",&6#$,#&!"#2$0!&#'*#&!"#5',5">&#'*#9"+'&$7"%6;#-,3#!'=#&!$%#5',5">&#+$0!&#
2$5",%"#5"(&-$,#8$,3%#'*#!$%&'($5-2#"O>2-,-&$',#['*#b/%&#&!"#8$,3#',5"#%'/0!&#-*&"(#
.)#9,"=;#%'5$-2#!$%&'($-,%#-,3#Z-(O$%&#!$%&'($-,%\:# !"#%"5',3#%"5&$',#=-%#-,#-&-
&"+>&#&'#%!'=#=!-&#-#5-%"#%&/3)#'*#"+'&$',-2#!$%&'()6#.-%"3#',#>($+-()#("%"-(5!6#
+$0!&#2''8#2$8":#?,#+)#5',52/%$',#&'#&!$%#2-&&"(#%&/3)6#?#("+-(86#9T("-&"(#"-%"#'*#
,-7$0-&$',#o'*#*""2$,0p#=-%#&!"("*'("#>/(5!-%"3#o$,#&!"#"-(2)#,$,"&"",&!#5",&/()p#
-&#&!"#>($5"#'*#-#>"(7-%$7"#+-2-$%"6#-#%",%"#'*#%!-+"#-.'/&#&!"#,"=#l.'/(0"'$%F#%'-
5$"&)#&!-&#*'/,3#"O>("%%$',#$,#+)($-3#=-)%:;16#?#("*"(#)'/#&'#&!"#("+-$,3"(#'*#&!-&#
3$%5/%%$',:#?*#&!$%#-,-2)%$%#!-%#$,7'27"3#-#2'%%#'*#>!$2'2'0$5-2#%",%$&$7$&)6#%'#."#$&:#
?#,'&"#&!-&#D"&"(#E&"-(,%6#=!'#$%#("%"(7"3#$,#!$%#b/30+",&#'*#&!"#&!"'()#'**"("3#$,#
&!"#.''86#("+-(8"3#&!-&#9E$+>2)#$,#$&%#,/-,5"3#%&-&"+",&#'*#&!"#,$,"&"",&!G5",-
&/()#%)%&"+#:#:#:#&!$%#.''8#$%#$++",%"2)#7-2/-.2":;17
MD@#P'/#-("#',"#'*#&!"#*"=#!$%&'($-,%#&'#3"">2)#$++"(%"#)'/(%"2*#$,#&!"#>($+-()#
("%"-(5!#'*#',"#2$*"#%5$",5"6#5'0,$&$7"#>%)5!'2'0):#C)#&!-&#?#+"-,#&'#%-)#&!-&#)'/#
3',F&#b/%&#("-3#9>'>/2-($H"(%;#2$8"#<,&',$'#e-+-%$'#'(#-,#'55-%$',-2#Science or
Nature#-(&$52"6#./&#-5&/-22)#3"27"#$,&'#2-(0"#,/+."(%#'*#-(&$52"%#-,3#-("#-.2"#&'#
b/30"#&!"#^/-2$&)#-55'(3$,0#&'#2$*"G%5$",5"#5($&"($-4&!"#"O>"($+",&-2#3"%$0,6#&!"#
%-+>2"#%$H"6#-,3#%'#',:#A!-&#>-&!#2"3#)'/#&!"("Y#V'=6#-,3#=!)6#3$3#)'/#-5!$"7"#
Id:# ?,# -# %$+$2-(# 7"$,6# &!"# -,&!('>'2'0$%&# E$0,"# V'="22# =('&"# $,# -# ("-5&$',# >$"5"# &'# )'/(# -(&$52"#
9V'="7"(6#-%#$&#%&-,3%6#&!"#-(0/+",&#o'*#9"+'&$7"%;4MDp#$%#%/00"%&$7"#(-&!"(#&!-,#5',7$,5$,0:#:#:#:#
Q2&$+-&"2)6#&!"#-,&!('>'2'0$5-2#5',&($./&$',#&'#&!"#%&/3)#'*#5'0,$&$',#-,3#"+'&$',#+/%&#."#*'/,3"3#$,#
"+>$($5-2#*$"23='(8:;#E$0,"#V'="22#',#A$22$-+#Z:#B"33)6#9<0-$,%&#R',%&(/5&$',$%+@# !"#V$%&'($5-2#
]&!,'0(->!)#'*#]+'&$',%6;#Current Anthropology 38, no. 2 (1997), 342-343.
IS:#B"33)6#The Navigation of Feeling, 311-312.
17. Review by Peter N. Stearns, Journal of Interdisciplinary History 33, no. 3 (2003), 474-475.
248 JAN PLAMPER
%/5!#-#>('*'/,3#8,'=2"30"#'*#2$*"#%5$",5"Y#e'#)'/#("5'++",3#&!-&#="#-22#0'#
&!"("6#+/5!#2$8"#!$%&'($-,%#3/($,0#&!"#IJKL%#0'&#$,&'#3"+'0(->!)#'(#%&-&$%&$5%6#-,3#
3/($,0#&!"#IJ`L%#$,&'#2$&"(-()#%5!'2-(%!$>Y#
AB@#?#3'#,'&#("5'++",3#&!-&#-22#!$%&'($-,%#$++"(%"#&!"+%"27"%#$,#5'0,$&$7"#
>%)5!'2'0)#'(#,"/('%5$",5"#("%"-(5!:#V'="7"(6#$&#$%#='(&!#,'&$,0#&!-&#%'5$'2'-
0$%&%6#>'2$&$5-2#%5$",&$%&%6#-,3#"5','+$%&%#-("#-5&$7"2)#3"7"2'>$,0#%/.1"23%6#%/5!#
-%#&!"#',"#5-22"3#9."!-7$'(-2#"5','+$5%6;#&!-&#("2)#',#5'0,$&$7"#,"/('%5$",5"#*'(#
&!"$(#("%"-(5!#>-(-3$0+%:#?#3'#&!$,8#&!-&#&!"#3$%5$>2$,"#'*#!$%&'()#5'/23#.","1&#$,#
%$+$2-(#*-%!$',:#<&#&!"#%-+"#&$+"6#?#-2%'#&!$,8#&!-&#$&#$%#-#%"($'/%#+$%&-8"#&'#%$+>2)#
9/&$2$H";#/,5($&$5-22)#&!"#("%/2&%#'*#("%"-(5!#$,#&!$%#1"23:# !"#("-%',#$%#&!-&#&!"%"#
("%/2&%#-("#-2=-)%#"O>("%%"3#$,#&"(+%#'*#+'3"2%#&!-&#-("#5',%&(/5&"3#-3#!'5:# !"("#
$%#,'#0","(-2#+'3"2#'*#5'0,$&$',#'(#'*#.(-$,#*/,5&$',$,0#&!-&#!$%&'($-,%#5-,#9.'(-
('=:;# !"("#-("#+-,)6#+-,)#+'3"2%g#&!")#!-7"#&!"$(#'=,#2-.%6#5',*"(",5"%6#-,3#
b'/(,-2%6#&!"$(#'=,#2"-3"(%#-,3#*'22'="(%6#&!"$(#'=,#9!-,3.''8%:;#E'+"#>('+$-
,",&#("5",&#+'3"2%#-("#95-%5-3"#>('5"%%$,06;#9+$(('(#,"/(',%6;#9"+'&$',#("0/2--
&$',6;#9+",&-2#5',&('26;#9&!"#5!-+"2"',#"**"5&6;#-,3#%'#',:#V/,3("3%#'*#%&/3$"%#'*#
"+'&$',X5'0,$&$',#$,&"(-5&$',#!-7"#."",#./$2&#',#&!"#="22G8,'=,#9E&(''>#"**"5&6;#
1(%&# $3",&$1"3#$,#&!"#IJhL%:#V'=#&!"%"#7-($'/%#+'3"2%#1&#&'0"&!"(#$%#-#%/.b"5&#
'*#5',%&-,&#3$%5/%%$',#-&#5',*"(",5"%#-,3#$,#'55-%$',-2#-,&!'2'0$"%#'*#%),&!"&$5#
"%%-)%4./&#?#%""#,'#%$0,#'*#>('0("%%#&'=-(3#-#%$,02"6#'7"(-(5!$,0#&!"'():#Z'%&#
>(-5&$&$',"(%#-("#-5/&"2)#-=-("#'*#&!$%#>('.2"+:#E'+"#'*#&!"%"#+'3"2%#!-7"#^/$&"#
3$**"(",&#">$%&"+'2'0$5-2#$+>2$5-&$',%#*('+#'&!"(%4-,3#&!$%#$%#%$0,$15-,&#=!",#
',"#&($"%#&'#&(-,%2-&"#%/5!#-#+'3"2#*'(#/%"#$,#$,&"(>("&$7"#='(84Geisteswissen-
schaft4%/5!#-%#!$%&'():
MD@#Z'("#0","(-22)6#=!-&#3'#)'/#&!$,8#'*#&!"#/%"#'*#2$*"G%5$",5"#"+'&$',%#("-
%"-(5!#.)#'&!"(#!$%&'($-,%Y#A!-&#3'#)'/#&!$,8#'*#%/5!#9>'>/2-($H"(%;#-%#<,&',$'#
e-+-%$'6#'*#&!"#>!",'+",',#'*#>'>/2-($H$,0Y
AB@#Z)#>($,5$>-2#*(/%&(-&$',#=$&!#("-3$,0#>'>/2-($H"(%#$%#&!-&#&!")#'**"(#-#5-,-
3$3-&"#&!"'()#&'#"O>2-$,#&!"#&(",3%#$,#("%"-(5!#-%#$*#&!$%#5-,3$3-&"#="("#-2("-3)#
("5'0,$H"3#-%#&!"#/,5!-22",0"36#,"=#"O>2-,-&$',#'*#.(-$,#-,3#+$,3#*/,5&$',$,0:#
!")#%)%&"+-&$5-22)#3'=,>2-)#&!"#3$7"(%$&)#'*#&!"#("%"-(5!6#$,#'(3"(#&'#"O&(->'2-&"#
3(-+-&$5#-,%="(%#*('+#-#%"2"5&#,/+."(#'*#("5",&6#*-%!$',-.2"#.("-8&!('/0!%:
MD@#V'=#3'#)'/#"O>2-$,#&!"#5/((",&#.''+#$,#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%Y#A'/23#
)'/#5-22#&!$%#-#9&/(,;Y
AB@#?#!-7"#."",#7"()#0(-&$1"3#&'#%""#&!"#0('=$,0#$,&"("%&#'*#!$%&'($-,%#$,#&!"#
!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#$,#("5",&#)"-(%:#D"(!->%#$&#$%#,'&#)"&#-#9&/(,6;#./&#$&#$%#5"(&-$,2)#
-#&(",3:#?#&!$,8#+)#'($0$,-2#("-%',%#*'(#-&&"+>&$,0#&'#+'7"#$,#&!$%#3$("5&$',#[3$%-
5/%%"3#-.'7"\#!-7"#."",#=$3"2)#%!-("3:#
MD@#A!$5!#-("-%#%!'/23#&!"'()G./$23$,0#$,#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#*'5/%#',Y
AB@# ='#9%&-&"#'*#&!"#-(&;#("5",&#%&/3$"%#-("#C-(.-(-#B'%",="$,F%#Emotional
Communities in the Early Middle Ages#-,3#_$5'2"#]/%&-5"F%#Passion Is the Gale:
Emotion, Power, and the Coming of the American Revolution.18 Both of these
%&/3$"%#"O-+$,"#"**'(&*/2#%"2*G+-,-0"+",&#[-,3#$&%#*-$2/("%\#$,#("2-&$',#&'#>'2$&$5-2#
18. Barbara H. Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages#[?&!-5-6#_P@#R'(,"22#

Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#fLLS\g#_$5'2"#]/%&-5"6#Passion Is the Gale: Emotion, Power, and the Coming of the
American Revolution#[R!->"2#V$22@#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#_'(&!#R-('2$,-#D("%%6#fLL`\:
>'="(:# !$%#$%#&!"#5'("#$%%/":#<,36#-%#)'/(#^/"%&$',%#$,#&!$%#$,&"(7$"=#$,3$5-&"6#-#
0("-&#3"-2#,""3%#&'#."#%>"5$1"3#+'("#52"-(2)#$,#&!$%#-("-:#C'&!#&!"'("&$5-2#("c"5-
&$',#-,3#("%"-(5!#=$22#!"2>:
MD@#?,#=!$5!#3$("5&$',#%!'/23#&!"#*/&/("#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#+'7"Y
AB@#?#!'>"#!$%&'($-,%#=$22#,'&#&("-&#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#-%#-#%>"5$-2#%/.1"23#
$,#&!"#%&/3)#'*#="22G3'5/+",&"3#-($%&'5(-&$5#"2$&"%#'(#"3/5-&"3#"2$&"%:#R"(&-$,2)6#
="# ,""3# &'# %&/3)# 2"&&"(%# -,3# b'/(,-2%6# +-(($-0"# +-,/-2%6# =$22%6# 5($+$,-2# 5'/(&#
("5'(3%:#C/&#&!"("#$%#+/5!#+'("#&'#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%:#?,#&!"#5-%"#%&/3)#'*#
5$7$2#2$&$0-&$',#&!-&#?#5-(($"3#'/&#',#"-(2)#,$,"&"",&!G5",&/()#W(-,5"6#?#&''8#-#.('-3#
%=-&!#'*#+-&"($-2%#&!-&#!-3#,'&!$,0#&'#3'#=$&!#&!"#9%/.b"5&$7";#("-2+#'(#9>"(%',-2#
2$*";#-%#&!"%"#-("#5',7",&$',-22)#/,3"(%&''3:#?#*'/,3#%'+"#7"()#%/(>($%$,0#/%"%#'*#
"+'&$',-2#7'5-./2-()#-,3#"O>("%%$7"#+'3"%#&!-&#>'$,&"3#&'=-(3#'&!"(=$%"#$,7$%-
$.2"#$%%/"%4%/5!#-%#&!"#5->-5$&)#'*#2-=)"(%#&'#"O>"($",5"#"+'&$',%#*'(#&!"$(#52$-
",&%6#'(#&!"#97"%&$0"%;#'*#%",&$+",&-2$%+#$,#&!"#=-)#>"'>2"#'*#&!"#I`fL%#-,3#I`hL%#
&!'/0!&#-.'/&#0","('%$&)#'(#2'7":# !"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#$%#-#=-)#'*#3'$,0#>'2$&$-
5-26#%'5$-26#-,3#5/2&/(-2#!$%&'()6#,'&#%'+"&!$,0#&'#."#-33"3#&'#"O$%&$,0#1"23%:
II. BARBARA H. ROSENWEIN
MD@#N"&#/%#%&-(&#=$&!#-,#"O"(5$%"#$,#$,&"22"5&/-2#-/&'.$'0(->!):#P'/#="("#&(-$,"3#
-%#-#+"3$"7-2$%&#-&#&!"#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R!$5-0'#$,#&!"#2-&"#IJSL%#-,3#"-(2)#IJKL%6#
-,3#+'7"3#&'#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#',2)#3/($,0#&!"#IJJL%:#V'=#3$3#)'/#0"&#
&!"("Y
CB@#?F7"#-2=-)%#."",#-#!$%&'($-,#1(%&6#-#+"3$"7-2$%&#.)#%>"5$-2$H-&$',:# !"("#
$%#-#5',%&-,&#$,#+)#$,&"22"5&/-2#5-(""(#&!-&#+-)#!"2>#"O>2-$,#!'=#?#&/(,"3#*('+#
+"3$"7-2#+',-%&$5$%+#&'#"+'&$',%@#?#!-7"#-2=-)%#."",#$,&"("%&"3#$,#&!"#+/2&$>2"#
-,3# %'+"&$+"%# !$33",# +"-,$,0%# $,# !/+-,# &!'/0!&6# ."!-7$'(6# -,3# $,%&$&/&$',%:#
P'/# 5-,# %""# &!$%# $,# +)# 7"()# 1(%&# -(&$52"6# =!$5!# !-3# &!"# &$&2"# 9W"/3-2# A-(# -,3#
Z',-%&$5#D"-5"@#R2/,$-5#N$&/(0)#-%#B$&/-2#<00("%%$',:;19#Z)#%"5',3#-(&$52"6#5'G
-/&!'("3#=$&!#N"%&"(#U:#N$&&2"6#&''8#/>#&!"#9E'5$-2#Z"-,$,0#$,#&!"#Z',-%&$5#-,3#
Z",3$5-,&#E>$($&/-2$&$"%:;20#C"*'("#&/(,$,0#&'#"+'&$',%6#?#=('&"#.''8%#',#&!"#5',-
,"5&$',#'*#R2/,$-5#+',-%&$5$%+#&'#$%%/"%#'*#-,'+$"#-,3#%'5$-2#-*12$-&$',:21#<,3#
=!",#?#2''8"3#-&#+"3$"7-2#$++/,$&$"%6#=!$5!#="("#3'5/+",&%#$%%/"3#.)#8$,0%#
&'#>("7",&#&!"$(#'=,#>"(%',,"2#*('+#",&"($,0#5"(&-$,#&"(($&'($"%#&'#5-(()#'/&#&!"$(#
,'(+-2#3/&$"%6#?#5',%$3"("3#&!$%#,'&#[-%#+'%&#!$%&'($-,%#!-3#3',"\#-%#-#%)+>&'+#'*#
(')-2#="-8,"%%#./&#(-&!"(#-%#-#=-)#*'(#(/2"(%#&'#>('52-$+#&!"#%'(&#'*#>'="(#&!-&#$%#
$,!"(",&#$,#&!"#3"52-(-&$',#'*#tapu (taboo).22
IJ:#C-(.-(-#V:#B'%",="$,6#9W"/3-2#A-(#-,3#Z',-%&$5#D"-5"@#R2/,$-5#N$&/(0)#-%#B$&/-2#<00("%G
sion,” Viator 2 (1971), 129-157.
fL:#C-(.-(-#V:#B'%",="$,#-,3#N"%&"(#U:#N$&&2"6#9E'5$-2#Z"-,$,0#$,#&!"#Z',-%&$5#-,3#Z",3$5-,&#
E>$($&/-2$&$"%6;#Past and Present, no. 63 (1974), 4-32.
21. Barbara H. Rosenwein, Rhinoceros Bound: Cluny in the Tenth Century# [D!$2-3"2>!$-@#
Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#D",,%)27-,$-#D("%%6#IJ`f\g#idem, To Be the Neighbor of St. Peter: The Social Meaning
of Cluny’s Property, 909–1049#[?&!-5-6#_P@#R'(,"22#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#IJ`J\:#
22. Barbara H. Rosenwein, Negotiating Space: Power, Restraint, and Privileges of Immunity in
Early Medieval Europe#[?&!-5-6#_P@#R'(,"22#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#IJJJ\:
250 JAN PLAMPER
]+'&$',%# -("# '*&",# !$33",# $,# &!"# &"O&%# &!-&# !$%&'($-,%# /%":# '# ."# %/("6# %'+"#
+"3$"7-2#%'/(5"%#-("#*/22#'*#&"-(%#-,3#(->&/("%4&!"%"#$,52/3"#&!"#5!(',$52"%#&!-&#
M'!-,#V/$H$,0-#3("=#/>',#=!",#%>"-8$,0#'*#&!"#"O&(-7-0-,&#>-%%$',%#'*#&!"#N-&"#
Z$332"#<0"%:23# C/&# ',# &!"# =!'2"6# !$%&'($5-2# %'/(5"%# -("# 3()4/,2"%%# )'/# 2''8#
5-("*/22)q#V"("6#*'(#"O-+>2"6#$%#!'=#',"#&",&!G5",&/()#5!-(&"(#[-#2"0-2#3'5/+",&6#
(-&!"(#2$8"#-#+'3"(,#=$22\#."0-,@#9e$2"5&&-#/O'("#+"-#,'+",#e'33-,'6#"0'#:#:#:#
]/(-23/%6#$,#>('#!-+'("#"&#.',-#7'2",5$-#&/-#+$!$#.","#%"(7$%&$6#>('>&"("-#3','#
&$.$#("%#^/$#%/,&#%$&-%#$,#>-0'#Z-&$%5',",%"6#$,#!-0('#T-2/,$-5",%"6#$,#7$22-#R-%&"2-
2'g#$,#>($+$%#3','#&$.$#+-,%'#$,3'+$,$5-&'6#5/+#'+,$#%/>"(>'%$&'#7"2#-5$",5$$%#
%/$%;#[9 '#+)#."2'7"3#=$*"#e'33-,-:#?#:#:#:#]/(-23/%6#'/&#'*#2'7"#-,3#0''3#=$22#*'(#
)'/#o=!'p#!-7"#%"(7"3#+"#="226#*'(#&!$%#("-%',#0$7"#&'#)'/#>('>"(&$"%#&!-&#-("#%$&/-
-&"3#$,#&!"#pagus#'*#Zr5',6#$,#&!"#ager of Jalogny, in the villa of Château. In the
1(%&#>2-5"#?#0$7"#)'/#-#2-(0"#"%&-&"#=$&!#-22#/>',#-,3#5',,"5&"3#&'#$&:;\#V$%&'($-,%#
-("#&(-$,"3#&'#/%"#-#&"O&#2$8"#&!$%#&'#3$%5/%%#&!"#>"'>2"#$,7'27"3#$,#&(-,%-5&$',%#-%#
="22#-%#&!"#,-&/("#-,3#2'5-&$',#'*#&!"#>('>"(&):#C/&#&!")#-("#,'&#",5'/(-0"3#&'#%""#
&!-&#&!"#&"O&#-2%'#5',&-$,%#5',%$3"(-.2"#"7$3",5"#'*#*""2$,06#"7'8$,06#-%#$&#3'"%6#
-#9."2'7"3;#=$*"#&'#=!'+#$%#0$7",#-#0$*&#9'/&#'*#2'7"#-,3#0''3#=$22:;# !"%"#-("#
,'(+-22)#5',%$3"("3#5'++',>2-5"%#'*#,'#5',%"^/",5":#C/&#',"#+$0!&#=',3"(#
=!)#-,3#!'=#%/5!#&!$,0%#."5-+"#95'++',>2-5":;#?&#+$0!&#."!''7"#/%#&'#&-8"#
%/5!# "O>("%%$',%# '*# %",&$+",&# %"($'/%2):# '# ."# %/("6# 9."2'7"3;# -,3# 92'7";# -("#
2$&&2"#='(3%:#C/&#"+'&$',%#-("#'*&",#"O>("%%"3#.($"c):#9?#2'7"#)'/;#$%#-#7"()#%!'(&#
%&-&"+",&:#V'="7"(6#$&#5-,#!-7"#("+-(8-.2"#$+>-5&:
?,#*-5&6#?#+)%"2*#3$3#,'&#%""#&!"#"+'&$',%#$,#!$%&'($5-2#3'5/+",&%#/,&$2#?#=-%#
-2"(&"3#&'#2''8#*'(#&!"+:# !$%#!->>","3#=!",#?#=-%#-%8"3#&'#5'++",&#',#&!(""#
>->"(%4.)#N"%&"(#U:#N$&&2"6#B$5!-(3#C-(&',6#-,3#D-/2#W(""3+-,4-&#-#%"%%$',#
'(0-,$H"3# .)# E!-(',# W-(+"(# -&# &!"#<+"($5-,# V$%&'($5-2#<%%'5$-&$',# [<V<\# $,#
IJJd#',#9 !"#E'5$-2#R',%&(/5&$',#'*#<,0"(:;# !"#%"%%$',#$,%>$("3#+"#&'#"3$&#-#
.''8#',#&!"#&'>$5#[Anger’s Past6#=$&!#&!"#&!(""#<V<#>->"(%#5',%&$&/&$,0#$&%#5'("\6#
-,3#&!"#.''8#+'7"3#+"#&'#&!$,8#+'("#3"">2)#-.'/&#=!-&#!$%&'($-,%#!-34-,3#!-3#
,'&4%-$3#-.'/&#&!"#('2"%6#/%"%6#(">("%",&-&$',%6#-,3#&(-,%*'(+-&$',%#'*#"+'&$',%#
in history.24
MD@#?,#fLLf#)'/#>/.2$%!"3#-,#-(&$52"#$,#The American Historical Review, “Wor-
()$,0#-.'/&#]+'&$',%#$,#V$%&'()6;#&!-&#."5-+"#-,#$,%&-,&#52-%%$5:25#?,#&!"#-(&$52"#
)'/# &-8"# $%%/"# =$&!# &!"# 2$,"-(# >('5"%%# '*# "+'&$',-2# 5',&('2# &!-&# _'(."(&# ]2$-%#
>'%$&"3#$,#!$%#IJhJ#The Civilizing Process6#-,3#=!$5!#)'/#&(-5"#.-58#&'#M'!-,#
V/$H$,0-F%#IJIJ#The Waning of the Middle Ages#-,3#/2&$+-&"2)#&'#&!"#+"3$"7-2#
>-&!'2'0)#'*#!/+'(%#',#&!"#',"#!-,3#-,3#&'#e-(=$,F%#5',5">&#'*#","(0)#',#&!"#
'&!"(:# ?,# V/$H$,0-6# ]2$-%6# -,3# +-,)# '&!"(%# [*('+# W".7("# &'# +"3$"7-2$%&# D"&"(#
e$,H"2.-5!"(\6#"+'&$',%#."!-7"#2$8"#c/$3%6#("-3)#&'#5'+"#$,&'#&!"#'>",#-,)#+$,-
fh:#E""#M'!-,#V/$H$,0-6#Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen: Studie over levens- en gedachtervormen der

veertiende en vijftiende eeuw in Frankrijk en de Nederlanden#[V--(2"+@# b"",8#A$22$,86#IJIJ\6#3(-=-
$,0#2-(0"2)#',#5!(',$52"(%#*'(#&!"#C/(0/,3$-,#5'/(&6#%/5!#-%#T"'(0"%#R!-%&"22-$,:
24. Anger’s Past: The Social Uses of an Emotion in the Middle Ages6#"3:#C-(.-(-#V:#B'%",="$,#
[?&!-5-6#_P@#R'(,"22#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#IJJ`\:
25. Barbara H. Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History,” American Historical Review
107, no. 3 (2002), 821-845.
/&"4)'/#5-22#&!$%#&!"#9!)3(-/2$5#+'3"2;#'*#"+'&$',%:#R-,#)'/#"O>2$5-&"#&!"#!)-
3(-/2$5#+'3"2#*'(#'/(#("-3"(%Y
CB@#B'."(&#E'2'+',#!-3#-2("-3)#5-22"3#&!"#9/,("-%',$,0;#7$"=#'*#&!"#"+'-
&$',%#9!)3(-/2$5:;26# !"#&"(+#3"($7"%#*('+#-#7$"=#&!-&#%">-(-&"%#*""2$,0#*('+#(--
&$',-2# &!'/0!&6# -,# $3"-# &!-&# -55'(3%# =$&!# &!"# =-)# $,# =!$5!# "+'&$',%# -("# '*&",#
%/.b"5&$7"2)#*"2&#[*'(#"O-+>2"6#9?#=-%#'7"(5'+"#=$&!#0($"*;\:#<,36#-%#&!$%#^/'&"#
-.'/&#0($"*#%/00"%&%6#&!"#!)3(-/2$5#7$"=#5'(("%>',3%#&'#+-,)#'*#'/(#9*'28#&!"'-
($"%;# -.'/&# "+'&$',%:# T"'(0"# N-8'**# -,3# m'2&s,# Ui7"5%"%# !-7"# $%'2-&"3# +-,)#
'*#&!"#+"&->!'(%#/%"3#$,#],02$%!#[-,3#>("%/+-.2)#'&!"(#2-,0/-0"%#-%#="22\#&!-&#
$+>2)#-#!)3(-/2$5#5',5">&$',#'*#"+'&$',%:#9V"#=-%#./(%&$,0#=$&!#-,0"(;#$%#-#5'+-
+',#>!(-%"6#%/00"%&$,0#&!-&#-,0"(#$%#2$8"#-#0-%#/,3"(#>("%%/("6#("-3)#&'#./(%&#'/&:27
9E!"#=-%#%!-8$,0#=$&!#*"-(;#%/00"%&%#&!-&#*"-(#&-8"%#'7"(#&!"#.'3)#-,3#-0$&-&"%#
it.28# !"#!)3(-/2$5#7$"=#'*#"+'&$',%#=-%#0$7",#&!"'("&$5-2#.-22-%&#.)#&!"#M-+"%G
N-,0"#&!"'()6#-,3#$&#$%#."!$,3#&!"#W("/3$-,#>%)5!'-,-2)&$5#5',5">&#'*#-**"5&:29
C/&#$&#$%#$+>'(&-,&#&'#("-2$H"#&!-&#&!"#!)3(-/2$5#&!"'()6#!'="7"(#="22#$&#-55'(3%#
=$&!#-#5"(&-$,#8$,3#'*#5'++',#%",%"6#$%6#-%#Z-(&!-#_/%%.-/+#>/&%#$&6#90('%%2)#
$,-3"^/-&":;30#<.'7"#-226#$&#3'"%#,'&#&-8"#$,&'#5',%$3"(-&$',#&!"#*-5&#&!-&#"+'&$',%#
-("#-.'/&#&!$,0%#b/30"3#$+>'(&-,&#&'#/%:#]+'&$',%#'7"(=!"2+#/%#',2)#."5-/%"#
%'+"&!$,0#!-%#."",#>("%",&"3#&'#/%#'(#!->>","3#&'#/%#&!-&#+-&&"(%#&'#'/(#%",%"#
'*#="22#."$,0@#"+'&$',%#-("#&!"#("%/2&#'/(#7-2/"%#-,3#'/(#-%%"%%+",&%:# !$%#*-5&#
/,3"(2$"%#&!"#95'0,$&$7"#&!"'();#'*#"+'&$',%6#-,3#$&#!"2>%#/%#&'#/,3"(%&-,3#!'=#
-,3#=!)#"+'&$',%#-("#3$**"(",&#$,#3$**"(",&#%'5$"&$"%@#$,%'*-(#-%#.'&!#7-2/"%6#-,3#
-2%'# &!"# '.b"5&%t$3"-%# &'# =!$5!# &!'%"# 7-2/"%# -("# -&&-5!"36# 3$**"(6# "+'&$',%# [*'(#
"O-+>2"6#=!-&#>"'>2"#0"&#-,0()#-.'/&#-,3#!'=#&!")#"O>("%%#&!"$(#*""2$,0%\#=$22#
3$**"(#-%#="22:
MD@# Z/5!# '*# )'/(# ='(8# ',# &!"# !$%&'()# '*# "+'&$',%# %$,5"# )'/(# IJJ`# 5'22"5-
tion Anger’s Past#+$0!&#."#5-22"3#-,#"O&",3"345($&$5-243$-2'0/"#=$&!#&!"#]2$-%#
>-(-3$0+6#=!$5!#-(0/"%#&!-&#"+'&$',%#="("#3$("5&6#$+>/2%$7"6#-,3#"O>2'%$7"#$,#
&!"#Z$332"#<0"%#-,3#."5-+"#9("%&(-$,"3;#',2)#$,#&!"#%$O&"",&!#5",&/()6#=$&!#&!"#
5("-&$',#'*#-.%'2/&"#5'/(&%#-,3#&!"#95$7$2$H$,0;#'*#$+>/2%"%#&!-&#&!")#$+>'%"3:31 In
("5",&#)"-(%#)'/#!-7"#-2%'#5($&$^/"3#-&&"+>&%#&'#7-2$3-&"#]2$-%F%#5$7$2$H$,0#>('5"%%#
26. Robert C. Solomon, The Passions [T-(3",#R$&)6#_P@#<,5!'(#D("%%te'/.2"3-)6#IJKS\6#IhJG

150.
fK:#E""#T"'(0"#N-8'**6#Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the
Mind#[R!$5-0'@#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R!$5-0'#D("%%6#IJ`K\6#R-%"#E&/3)#?:
f`:#E""#m'2&s,#Ui7"5%"%6#Emotion Concepts#[_"=#P'(8@#E>($,0"(6#IJJL\6#5!->:#d:
fJ:#E""#A$22$-+#M-+"%6#9A!-&#$%#-,#]+'&$',Y;#Mind#J6#,':#ha#[I`à\6#IJ`@#9]7"()#>"(5">&$',#
+/%&#2"-3#&'#%'+"#,"(7'/%#("%/2&:#?*#&!$%#."#&!"#,'(+-2#"+'&$',-2#"O>("%%$',6#$&#%'',#"O>",3%#$&%"2*6#
-,3#$,#&!"#,-&/(-2#5'/(%"#'*#&!$,0%#-#5-2+#%/55""3%:#C/&#$*#&!"#,'(+-2#$%%/"#."#.2'58"3#*('+#-,)#5-/%"6#
&!"#5/((",&%#+-)#/,3"(#5"(&-$,#5$(5/+%&-,5"%#$,7-3"#'&!"(#&(-5&%6#-,3#&!"("#='(8#3$**"(",&#-,3#='(%"#
"**"5&%:;#V"("#"+'&$',%#-("#2$8"#($7"(%g#$*#3-++"3#/>6#&!")#-&&"+>&#&'#5!-(&#-#,"=#5'/(%":#Z/5!#&!"#
%-+"#$%#&(/"#'*#W("/36#=!'6#!'="7"(6#%""+%#&'#>("*"(#-#+'3"2#'*#","(0)#3$%5!-(0"#(-&!"(#&!-,#'*#*2'=:#
E""#E$0+/,3#W("/36#9 !"#Q,5',%5$'/%;#oIJIdp#$,#idem, Collected Papers, transl. Joan Riviere (New
P'(8@#C-%$5#C''8%6#IJdJ\6#?k6#III@#9<**"5&%#-,3#"+'&$',%#5'(("%>',3#=$&!#>('5"%%"%#'*#3$%5!-(0"6#
&!"#*$,-2#"O>("%%$',#'*#=!$5!#$%#>"(5"$7"3#-%#*""2$,0:;
30. Martha C. Nussbaum, Upheavals of Thought: The Intelligence of Emotions#[R-+.($30"6#QU@#
R-+.($30"#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#fLLI\6#fd:
31. See Rosenwein, Anger’s Past6#"%>:#fhKGfaL:
252 JAN PLAMPER
=$&!#-#>"5/2$-(#.(-,3#'*#"7'2/&$',-()#>%)5!'2'0):32#<&#>("%",&#)'/#-("#=($&$,0#-#
.''8#&!-&#-&&"+>&%#&'#(">2-5"#]2$-%F%#>-(-3$0+#=$&!#-#,"=#,-((-&$7":#R'/23#)'/#
0'#.-58#-,3#("&(-5"#&!"#>-&!#&'#)'/(#5/((",&#"**'(&%#&'#("*/&"#&!"#]2$-%#>-(-3$0+Y#
V'=6#$,#'&!"(#='(3%6#!-%#)'/(#&!$,8$,0#"7'27"3#',#&!$%#$%%/"6#-,3#=!"("#='/23#
)'/#%$&/-&"#)'/(%"2*#-&#&!"#+'+",&Y
CB@# ?# %!'/23# '(3$,-($2)# ,'&# =-,&# &'# ("*/&"# -# &!"%$%# &!-&# =-%# >('3/5"3# $,# &!"#
IJhL%:#B-&!"(6#?#='/23#>("*"(#&'#->>("5$-&"#$&#*'(#$&%#5',&($./&$',#-&#&!"#&$+"#'*#
$&%#=($&$,0:#Q,*'(&/,-&"2)6#]2$-%F%#&!"'()#/,3"(2$"%#+'%&#%&/3$"%#'*#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#
"+'&$',%#3',"#"7",#&'3-):#W'(#+'3"(,$%&%6#$&#>("%",&%#-#5',7",$",&#&-./2-#(-%-4-#
%'(&#'*#!$%&'($5-2#9%&-&"#'*#,-&/(";4*('+#=!$5!#+'3"(,$&)6#=$&!#-22#$&%#5'+>2"O-
$&)6#5-,#-($%":#Z"3$"7-2$%&%6#',#&!"#'&!"(#!-,36#!-7"#"$&!"(#-55">&"3#]2$-%F%#&!"'()#
'(# !-7"# &($"3# &'# >/%!# .-58# &!"# 3-&"# '*# 95$7$2$H$,0;4*('+# &!"# %$O&"",&!# &'6# *'(#
"O-+>2"6#&!"#&="2*&!#5",&/()6#-,3#%'+"&$+"%#"7",#"-(2$"(:#
?,# +)# 1(%&# -&&"+>&%# &'# 5($&$^/"# ]2$-%# ?# &!'/0!&# ?# ='/23# %/55""3# $,# .("-8$,0#
&!"#!'23#'*#!$%#&!"'()#.)#-(0/$,0#[I\#&!-&#!$%#9!)3(-/2$5#&!"'();#'*#"+'&$',%#=-%#
$,5'(("5&6#-,3#&!"("*'("#!$%#=!'2"#3$5!'&'+)#'*#$+>/2%"#7%:#("%&(-$,&#2-58"3#7--
2$3$&)g#-,3#[f\#&!-&#("%&(-$,&#-,3#%/.&2"#"+'&$',%#$,#0","(-2#="("#5!-(-5&"($%&$5#'*#
A"%&"(,#%'5$"&)#2',0#."*'("#&!"#%$O&"",&!#5",&/():
C/&#?#3$%5'7"("3#&!-&#&!"#2/("#'*#-#0(-,3#,-((-&$7"#%/5!#-%#]2$-%F%#5'/23#,'&#."#
7$&$-&"3#%$+>2)#.)#%-)$,0#&!-&#$&#=-%#$,5'(("5&:#?,#+)#.''8#Emotional Communities
of the Early Middle Ages6#?#&!"("*'("#&($"3#&'#%/.%&$&/&"#-#,"=#,-((-&$7"#>-(-3$0+4
$,7'27$,0#%!$*&%#*('+#',"#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&);#&'#-,'&!"(4$,#>2-5"#'*#]2$-%F%#
.$>-(&$&"#[+"3$"7-2t+'3"(,g#/,("%&(-$,"3t("%&(-$,"3\#>"($'3$H-&$',:#C/&#&!"#>"($'3#
5'7"("3#$,#+)#.''8#=-%#%'#,-(('=#-%#&'#."#5',7$,5$,0#',2)#&'#-#7"()#*"=:#
?&#&!/%#%""+%#&'#+"#&!-&#&!"#',2)#=-)#&'#'>",#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#&'#-#,"=#
,-((-&$7"# $%# &'# =($&"# ',"# &!-&# .($30"%# &!"# +"3$"7-2t+'3"(,# 3$7$3":# !$%# $%# +)#
5/((",&#>('b"5&:#?&#$%#-#!/0"#/,3"(&-8$,0:#?&%#7"()#$++",%$&)#2"-3%#+"#&'#-3+$("#
]2$-%F%#-5!$"7"+",&4&!'/0!#?#%&$22#(-3$5-22)#3$%-0(""#=$&!#!$%#-%%/+>&$',%#-,3#
5',52/%$',%4(-&!"(#+'("#&!-,#?#3$3#'($0$,-22):
MD@#P'/(#."%&G8,'=,#5',5">&/-2#5',&($./&$',#&'#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#$%#&!"#
,'&$',# '*# 9"+'&$',-2# 5'++/,$&$"%:;# P'/# $,&('3/5"3# &!"# 5',5">&# $,# )'/(# fLLf#
American Historical Review#-(&$52"#-,3#c"%!"3#$&#'/&#5',%$3"(-.2)#$,#)'/(#fLLS#
.''8#Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages.33#R-,#)'/#("5->$&/2-&"#
*'(#'/(#("-3"(%#=!-&#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#-("Y
CB@#?#-+#%&$22#*-$(2)#!->>)#=$&!#&!"#3"1,$&$',#?#0-7"#$,#&!"#American Histori-
cal Review@#]+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#9-("#>("5$%"2)#&!"#%-+"#-%#%'5$-2#5'++/,$-
&$"%4*-+$2$"%6# ,"$0!.'(!''3%6# >-(2$-+",&%6# 0/$23%6# +',-%&"($"%6# >-($%!# 5!/(5!#
+"+."(%!$>%4./&# &!"# ("%"-(5!"(# 2''8$,0# -&# &!"+# %""8%# -.'7"# -22# &'# /,5'7"(#
%)%&"+%# '*# *""2$,0@# =!-&# &!"%"# 5'++/,$&$"%# [-,3# &!"# $,3$7$3/-2%# =$&!$,# &!"+\#
3"1,"#-,3#-%%"%%#-%#7-2/-.2"#'(#!-(+*/2#&'#&!"+g#&!"#"7-2/-&$',%#&!-&#&!")#+-8"#
-.'/&#'&!"(%F#"+'&$',%g#&!"#,-&/("#'*#&!"#-**"5&$7"#.',3%#."&="",#>"'>2"#&!-&#&!")#
hf:# E""# C-(.-(-# V:# B'%",="$,6# 9 !"# Q%"%# '*# C$'2'0)@# <# B"%>',%"# &'# M:# R-(&"(# A''3F%# l !"#
N$+$&%#'*#R/2&/("YF;#Cultural and Social History 4, no. 4 (2007), 553-558.
33. Cf. Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages6#"%>:#fLGfJ:
("5'0,$H"g#-,3#&!"#+'3"%#'*#"+'&$',-2#"O>("%%$',#&!-&#&!")#"O>"5&6#",5'/(-0"6#
&'2"(-&"6#-,3#3">2'(":;34
Z'("#("5",&2)#?#!-7"#&($"3#&'#>-("#&!$%#$3"-#3'=,#&'#$&%#"%%",&$-2%:# !/%6#?#!-7"#
%/++-($H"3#&!"#$3"-#-%#9%'5$-2#0('/>%#&!-&#-3!"("#&'#&!"#%-+"#7-2/-&$',%#'*#"+'-
&$',%#-,3#!'=#&!")#%!'/23#."#"O>("%%"36;#-,36#$,#-,'&!"(#5',&"O&6#-%#90('/>%#'*#
>"'>2"#-,$+-&"3#.)#5'++',#'(#%$+$2-(#$,&"("%&%6#7-2/"%6#-,3#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%#-,3#
valuations.”
MD@# Z-)# ?# -2%'# -%8# )'/# &'# ("5->$&/2-&"# )'/(# +"&!'3@# !'=# 3'# )'/# 0'# -.'/&
>(-5&$5-22)6#%&">G.)G%&">6#$3",&$*)$,0#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%Y#
CB@# !"#3"1,$&$',#%/00"%&%#&!-&#-,)#%'5$-2#0('/>#=$&!#5'++',#$,&"("%&%#-,3#
0'-2%# %!'/23# ^/-2$*)# -%# -,# "+'&$',-2# 5'++/,$&):# j,"# ='/23# 2'0$5-22)# >$58# -#
0('/>#-,3#("-3#"7"()&!$,0#&!-&#$&%#+"+."(%#=('&"6#5-("*/22)#,'&$,0#&!"#"+'&$',%:#
C/&#=!-&#-("#&!"#"+'&$',%Y#<,3#!'=#%!'/23#&!")#."#"7-2/-&"3Y#?#%!-22#("&/(,#&'#
these questions.
Z"-,=!$2"6#="#+/%&#-3+$&#&!-&#,'&#"7"()#0('/>#&!-&#"O$%&%#'(#!-%#"O$%&"3#$%#'*#
$,&"("%&#&'#&!"#!$%&'($-,#-,3#&!-&#%'+"#0('/>%#&!-&#-("#'*#0("-&#$,&"("%&#!-7"#>('-
3/5"3#(-&!"(#2$&&2"#$,#&!"#=-)#'*#>($+-()#%'/(5"%6#=!$2"#'&!"(#0('/>%#-("#%'#2-(0"#
-,3t'(#>('2$15#&!-&#&!")#>'%"#&!"#'>>'%$&"#>('.2"+:#?,#Emotional Communities
in the Early Middle Ages6#?#3"7'&"3#',"#5!->&"(#&'#&!"#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&)#'*#
D'>"#T("0'()#&!"#T("-&#[dJLXSLa\6#"7",#&!'/0!#?#!-3#',2)#!$%#'=,#=($&$,0%#&'#
='(8#=$&!:#?#>'%$&"3#&!-&#T("0'()#=('&"#*'(#-#>-(&$5/2-(#-/3$",5"6#-,3#?#&($"3#&'#
/,3"(%&-,3#&!"#"+'&$',-2#,'(+%#'*#&!-&#0('/>#&!('/0!#&!"#',"#%"&#'*#=($&$,0%4
T("0'()F%4&!-&#"O$%&"3:#
?,#&!"#+'3"(,#>"($'36#=$&!#&!"#-37",&#'*#&!"#>($,&$,0#>("%%#-,3#&!"#3$**/%$',#
'*#2$&"(-5)6#&!"#!$%&'($-,#+-)#=$%!#&'#-(0/"#&!-&#-#=!'2"#,-&$',4-,#9$+-0$,"3#
5'++/,$&);4=-%#-2%'#-,#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&):35#?,#&!-&#5-%"6#&-8$,0#-22#=($&-
&",#%'/(5"%#$,&'#-55'/,&#='/23#."#$+>'%%$.2"6#-,3#&!"#!$%&'($-,#+/%&#&()#&'#1,3#
9(">("%",&-&$7"#"O-+>2"%:;#N/58$2)6#&!$%#$%#%'+"&!$,0#&!-&#+'3"(,#!$%&'($-,%#-("#
&-/0!&#&'#3':
j,5"#)'/#!-7"#)'/(#&"O&%6#&!"#,"O&#^/"%&$',#$%#=!-&#&'#3'#=$&!#&!"+:# '#-%%/+"#
&!-&#'/(#"+'&$',%#="("#-2%'#&!"#"+'&$',%#'*#&!"#>-%&#$%#&'#."#/&&"(2)#/,!$%&'($5-2:#
?,3""36#&!"#7"()#$3"-#'*#9"+'&$',%;#-%#-#5-&"0'()#$%#-#*-$(2)#("5",&#5',%&(/5&$',6#
&!'/0!#&"(+%#%/5!#-%#9>-%%$',%;#+"-,&#+/5!#[./&#,'&#",&$("2)\#&!"#%-+"#&!$,0#-%#
9"+'&$',%;#3'#&'3-):36#?&#$%#$+>'(&-,&6#&!"("*'("6#&'#8,'=#=!-&#='(3%#%$0,$1"3#
"+'&$',%# *'(# &!"# >-(&$5/2-(# "+'&$',-2# 5'++/,$&)# )'/# -("# 3"-2$,0# =$&!:# E'+"-
&$+"%# &!$%# $%# ^/$&"# %$+>2"@# $*# )'/# -("# ='(8$,0# =$&!# &!"# 5'++/,$&)# '*# 3$%5$>2"%#
-('/,3# &!"# &!$(&"",&!G5",&/()# %5!'2-%&$5# !'+-%#<^/$,-%6# )'/# 5-,# ("2)# ',# !$%#
2",0&!)#3$%5/%%$',#'*#&!"#9>-%%$',%#'*#&!"#%'/2;#$,#!$%#Summa Theologiae to give
)'/#&!"#7'5-./2-()#)'/#,""3:#<,3#?#='/23#"7",#7",&/("#&'#%-)#&!-&#)'/#='/23#."#
',#%'2$3#0('/,3#$*#)'/#-%%/+"3#&!-&#!$%#&"(+%#="("#+'("#0","(-22)#7-2$3#-5('%%#
&!"#",&$("#&!$(&"",&!#-,3#"-(2)#*'/(&"",&!#5",&/($"%#$,#A"%&"(,#]/('>":#C/&#5',-
34. Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History,” 35.

hd:#E""#C","3$5&#B:#jFT:#<,3"(%',6#Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread
of Nationalism6#("7:#"3:#[N',3',@#k"(%'6#IJJI\:
36. See Thomas Dixon, From Passions to Emotions: The Creation of a Secular Psychological
Category#[R-+.($30"6#QU@#R-+.($30"#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#fLLh\:
254 JAN PLAMPER
%$3"(#&!"#&",&!G5",&/()#5!-(&"(#&!-&#?#^/'&"3#-.'7":#V'=#3'#="#8,'=#&!-&#9."-
2'7"3;#-,3#92'7";#%$0,$1"3#"+'&$',%#$,#&!"#&",&!#5",&/()Y#<,3#=!-&#-.'/&#90''3#
=$22;Y#A!-&#*'(5"#3$3#&!-&#!-7"Y#V"("#?#%/00"%&#-#(-&!"(#5'+>2"O#%"($"%#'*#%&">%#
&!-&#?#'/&2$,"3#$,#Emotional Communities.37#k"()#.($"c)6#',"#,""3%#1(%&#'*#-22#-#
2$%&#'*#9"+'&$',%;#&!-&#$%#,'&#-!$%&'($5-2:#W'(#&!"#-,5$",&#T(""8%6#%/5!#2$%&%#="("#
>2",&$*/26#%&-(&$,0#=$&!#<($%&'&2"F%#-55'/,&#'*#&!"#pathê#[u"+'&$',%\#-,3#5',&$,/-
$,0#=$&!#&!"#E&'$5%F#"2-.'(-&"#&("-&$%"%#',#&!"#&'>$5:#N-&"(6#R$5"('#3$%5/%%"3#=!-&#
!"#5-22"3#&!"#perturbationes6#9&(-,%2-&$,0;#-,3#&(-,%*'(+$,0#&!"#E&'$5#pathê. For
&!"#]-(2)#Z$332"#<0"%6#?#&''8#R$5"('F%#2$%&#'*#perturbationes#-,3#%'/0!&#%$+$2-(#
='(3%# $,# M"('+"F%#k/20-&":# ?# "+>2')"3# -# +"&!'3# '*# -%%'5$-&$',@# $*# -# 98,'=,;#
"+'&$',#='(3#$%#/%"3#-%#-#%),',)+#*'(6#'(#$%#*("^/",&2)#-%%'5$-&"3#=$&!6#-,'&!"(#
='(3#&!-&#$%#-%#)"&#,'&#$3",&$1"3#-%#%$0,$*)$,0#-,#"+'&$',6#&!-&#/,$3",&$1"3#='(3#
+-)#."#5',%$3"("3#-,#"+'&$',:#9N'7";#-,3#9."2'7"36;#$,#&!"$(#N-&$,#*'(+%6#="("#
-2("-3)#-55">&"3#-%#"+'&$',%#$,#&!"#B'+-,#]+>$("6#-,3#?#%""#,'#("-%',#&'#3'/.&#
&!-&#&!"#-**"5&$7"#7-2",5"#'*#&!'%"#&"(+%#>"(%$%&"3#&!('/0!#&!"#&",&!#5",&/():#<%#
*'(#90''3#=$22;@#$&#=-%#-2("-3)#3"1,"3#-%#93$%$,&"("%&"3#2'7";#$,#R$5"('F%#3$%5/%-
%$',# '*# *($",3%!$>6# -,3# &!$%# %$0,$15-,5"# ("+-$,"3# &(/"# $,# e"%5-(&"%F%# 3-):38 In
&!"# &",&!G5",&/()# 5!-(&"(%6# 2'7"# -,3# 0''3# =$22# -("# ,"-(2)# -2=-)%# >-$("3:# ?# &!/%#
5',52/3"#&!-&#!'="7"(#-,'3),"#-#&"(+#90''3#=$22;#$%#*'(#],02$%!#%>"-8"(%#&'3-)6#
$&#!-3#"+'&$',-2#*'(5"#$,#&!"#&",&!#5",&/():#?,&"("%&$,02)6#$,#?&-2)#&'3-)6#ti voglio
bene#5-,#+"-,#9?#2'7"#)'/:;
N"&#+"#5'+>2$5-&"#&!$%#b/%&#-#.$&#+'(":#W$,3$,0#-,#"+'&$',#='(3#$,#-#&"O&#$%#',2)#
&!"#1(%&#%&">:# !",#$&#$%#,"5"%%-()#&'#%""#!'=#*("^/",&2)#-,3#$,#=!-&#5',&"O&#$&#$%#
/%"36#=!"&!"(#$&#$%#90",3"("3;#$,#$&%#/%"6#-,3#!'=#$&#$%#"O>("%%"3#[*'(5"*/22)6#0",-
&2)6#=$&!#%'+-&$5#-55'+>-,$+",&%#%/5!#-%#.2/%!$,06#-,3#%'#',\:#?*#&!$%#+"&!'3#$%#
"+>2')"3#*'(#"-5!#*("^/",&2)#+",&$',"3#"+'&$',#[,'&$,0#-2%'#"+'&$',%#&!-&#%""+#
&'#."#+$%%$,0\6#"7",&/-22)#>-&&"(,%#%!'/23#"+"(0"4&!"#'/&2$,"%#'*#-,#"+'&$',-2#
5'++/,$&):
MD@#A!-&#-.'/&#$+-0"%#-,3#+/%$5#-%#%'/(5"%Y39
CB@#P'/F7"# -2("-3)# >('7$3"3# -# 0''36# $*# >-(&$-26# -,%="(# &'# &!"# ^/"%&$',# -%# $&#
>"(&-$,%#&'#$+-0"%:#N"&#+"#-33#&'#)'/(#%!'(&#.$.2$'0(->!)#-#>->"(#.)#]2$,-#T"(&%-
+-,# ',# &!"# 7-($'/%# +"-,$,0%# '*# &!"# %+$2$,0# 10/("%# ',# &!"# "O&"($'(# '*# T'&!$5#
5!/(5!"%:40#Z-,)#%&/3$"%#$,#"O>"($+",&-2#>%)5!'2'0)#&'3-)#3"-2#=$&!#*-5$-2#"O-
>("%%$',%#&!-&#-("#%-$3#&'#"O>("%%#-,3#5'++/,$5-&"#5"(&-$,#/,$7"(%-2#"+'&$',%:41
hK:#E""#-2%'#C-(.-(-#V:#B'%",="$,6#9]+'&$',#A'(3%6;#$,#Le sujet des émotions au moyen âge6#"3:#
D$('%8-#_-0)#-,3#e-+$",#C'^/"&#[D-($%@#]3$&$',%#C"-/5!"%,"6#fLL`\6#JhGILS:
h`:#R$5"('6#De Amicitia#Sg#e"%5-(&"%6#Passions de l’âme, art. 81.
hJ:# Z"3$"7-2$%&%# %""+# &'# ."# -&# &!"# *'("*(',&# '*# &!"# -(&G!$%&'($5-2# %&/3)# '*# "+'&$',%:# E""6# *'(#
$,%&-,5"6# &!"# ='(8# '*# M-5^/"2$,"# ]:# M/,06# 9 !"# A$%"# -,3# W''2$%!# k$(0$,%# -,3# &!"# E>"5&-52"# '*#
]+'&$',# $,# T'&!$5# T"(+-,)6;# >->"(# >("%",&"3# -&# &!"# R",&"(# *'(# &!"# V$%&'()# '*# ]+'&$',%6# Z-O#
D2-,58#?,%&$&/&"#*'(#V/+-,#e"7"2'>+",&6#C"(2$,#[<>($2#fI6#fLLJ\g#idem6#9e),-+$5#C'3$"%#-,3#&!"#
C"!'23"(F%#E!-("@# !"#A$%"#-,3#W''2$%!#k$(0$,%#'*#Z-03"./(0#R-&!"3(-26;#$,#Bild und Körper im
Mittelalter6#"3:#U($%&$,#Z-("86#B->!-v2"#D("$%$,0"(6#Z-($/%#B$++"2"6#-,3#U-&($,#Uw(5!"(#[Z/,$5!@#
A$2!"2+#W$,86#fLLS\6#IhdGISLg#idem6#9k$"2#E>$"2@# !"#C-.)#M"%/%#-,3#&!"#D2-)#'*#<(&#$,#-#Z"3$"7-2#
E=$%%#R',7",&;#[*'(&!5'+$,0\:#E""#-2%'# !'+-%#B-**6#9V"/2",#/,3#mw!,"82->>"(,@#T"3-,8",#H/(#
Z$+$8#$,#3"(#+$&&"2-2&"(2$5!",#U/,%&6;#Österreichische Zeitschrift für Volkskunde 56, no. 105 (2002),
375-388.
aL:#]2$,-#T"(&%+-,6#9 !"#W-5$-2#T"%&/("@#[Z$%\B"-3$,0#]+'&$',#$,#N-&"(#Z"3$"7-2#<(&6;#Journal
of Medieval Religious Cultures 36, no. 1-2 (2010), 28-46.
aI:# !"#52-%%$5#>->"(#$%#D-/2#]8+-,#-,3#A-22-5"#k:#W($"%",6#9R',%&-,&%#-5('%%#R/2&/("%#$,#&!"#
<(&#!$%&'($-,%#-("#$,#-#7"()#0''3#>'%$&$',#&'#>('.2"+-&$H"#&!$%#0","(-2$H-&$',#.)#
%!'=$,0#[-%#T"(&%+-,#3'"%\#&!-&#&!"#%+$2"#$%#-,#-+.$0/'/%#-,3#7"(%-&$2"#*-5$-2#
0"%&/("#=$&!#+/2&$>2"#+"-,$,0%:
#A"#-22#8,'=#&!-&#+/%$5#$%#3"">2)#5',,"5&"3#&'#'/(#"+'&$',-2#2$7"%:#P"&#*"=#'*#
/%#!-7"#&!"#&''2%#'(#&!"#+"&!'3%#&'#3"-2#=$&!#"+'&$',%#$,#+/%$5:#Z-(&!-#_/%%-
.-/+#!-%#+-3"#%'+"#%/00"%&$',%#-.'/&#!'=#&'#/,3"(%&-,3#.'&!#9&!"#"+'&$',%#'*#
&!"#2$%&","(6#-,3#&!"#"O>("%%$7"#>('>"(&$"%#'*#&!"#+/%$5#$&%"2*:;42# !"#+/%$5'2'0$%&#
E/%-,#C'),&',#!-%#("5",&2)#=($&&",#-.'/&#&!"#$,0",$'/%#=-)%#$,#=!$5!#+"3$"7-2#
2-+",&%#"O>("%%"3#0($"*#&!('/0!#.'&!#+/%$5#-,3#&"O&%:43
?#='/23#2'7"#&'#%""#&!"#$,&"0(-&$',#'*#+/%$56#-(&6#-,3#+'("#'.7$'/%#!$%&'($5-2#
%'/(5"%# $,# &!"# "O>2'(-&$',# '*# "+'&$',-2# 5'++/,$&$"%:# !$%# %!'/23# 5"(&-$,2)# ."#
>'%%$.2"# &'# 3'# $,# 5',,"5&$',# =$&!# 7-($'/%# >($,5"2)# 5'/(&%6# *'(# "O-+>2"6# =!"("#
>-&(',%#0-&!"("3#+/%$5$-,%#-,3#-(&$%&%#-('/,3#&!"+#-&#&!"#%-+"#&$+"#-%#&!")#5'+-
+$%%$',"3#&"O&%#-,3#!$("3#5!-,5"22'(%:# !"#%-+"#>'&",&$-2#"O$%&%#*'(#5$&)#0'7"(,-
+",&%6#+',-%&"($"%6#0/$23%6#5->$&-2$%&#5'(>'(-&$',%6#-,3#,-&$',-2#-(+$"%4&'#,-+"#
-#*"=#2$8"2)#$,%&$&/&$',%:
MD@# !"#$,&('3/5&$',#&'#Emotional Communities features the most serious at-
&"+>&# ?# 8,'=# &'# 5'+"# &'# &"(+%# =$&!# A$22$-+# B"33)F%# 5',5">&/-2# $,%&(/+",&%:#
<+',0#'&!"(#&!$,0%6#)'/#+-8"#-#3$%&$,5&$',#."&="",#B"33)F%#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#
-,3#)'/(#'=,#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%:;#P'/#-(0/"#&!-&#B"33)F%#9"+'&$',-2#("-
0$+";#$%#"+."33"3#$,#-#+'3"(,#%&-&"t%'5$"&)#.$,-()#-,3#,"7"(#+-,-0"%#&'#%!"3#
&!$%#3/-2$%&#.-00-0":44#?&#+-)#1&#*'(#+'3"(,#%'5$"&$"%6#./&#,'&#*'(#%'5$"&$"%#[$,52/3-
$,0#]/('>"-,#+"3$"7-2#',"%\#$,#=!$5!#>'="(#=-%#+'("#3$%>"(%"3#-,3#$,#=!$5!#-#
>2/(-2$&)#'*#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+"%;#'.&-$,"3:#P'/(#'=,#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%6;#
.)#5',&(-%&6#-("#$,#&!"#>2/(-2#-,3#7"()#3"2$."(-&"2)#%'6#$&#%""+%:#D"(%',-22)#?#-+#,'&#
%/("#?#-0(""#=$&!#&!"#3$-0,'%$%#'*#-#!$33",#.$,-()#%&(/5&/("#$,#B"33)F%#9"+'&$',-2#
("0$+":;#?#-2%'#=',3"(#=!"&!"(#&!"#3$**"(",5"%#."&="",#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#-,3#
9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%;#-("#&!-&#%&-(8:45#R'/23#',"#+-8"#-#5-%"#*'(#$+-0$,-&$7"-
2)#1,"G&/,$,0#B"33)F%#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#(-&!"(#&!-,#$,&('3/5$,0#-#,"=#&"(+Y
BR: “Regime” is a very strong term. It suggests that one set of emotional norms
$%#&(/"#*'(#-224"O5">&#*'(#=!-&#B"33)#5-22%#9"+'&$',-2#("*/0"%:;#<,3#"7",#!"("6#
B"33)#%""%#',2)#',"#%'(&#'*#9"+'&$',-2#("*/0";@#&!"#&!"-&"(6#&!"#%-2',6#-,3#%'#',#
W-5"# -,3# ]+'&$',6;# Passions in Context: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 17, no. 2
[IJKI\6#IfaGIhJ:#W'(#*/(&!"(#3$%5/%%$',6#%""#C-(.-(-#V:#B'%",="$,6#9D('.2"+%#-,3#Z"&!'3%#$,#&!"#
History of Emotions,” Journal of the History and Philosophy of the Emotions#I#[*'(&!5'+$,0\:#
42. Nussbaum, Upheavals of Thought6#5!->:#d:
ah:# E/%-,# C'),&',6# 9]+.2"+%# '*# N-+",&# $,# N-&$,# -,3# k"(,-5/2-(# E',06;# $,# The Church and
Vernacular Literature in Medieval France6#"3:#e'('&!"-#U/22+-,,#[ '(',&'@#D',&$*$5-2#?,%&$&/&"#'*#
Z"3$-"7-2#E&/3$"%6#fLLJ\6#fffGfa`:
aa:#9B"33)F%#%5!"+"#>'%&/2-&"%#'7"(-(5!$,0#l("0$+"%F#&!-&#-("#^/$&"#52"-(2)#&$"3#&'#%&-&"#*'(+-&$',#
-,3#!"0"+',):#V"#("5'0,$H"%#',"#%"&#'*#"+'&$7"%#*'(#&!"#(')-2#5'/(&#-,3#-,'&!"(#%"&4-#7"()#3$**"(-
",&#',"4*'(#"+'&$',-2#("*/0"%:#:#:#:#C/&#B"33)F%#("*/0"%#2"-7"#/%#=$&!#-#.$>-(&$&"#%'5$"&)@#"$&!"(#',"#
$%#-&#5'/(&#or#',"#$%#$,#-#%",&$+",&-2#("*/0":#?&#$%#>'%%$.2"6#&!'/0!#3'/.&*/26#&!-&#+'3"(,#+-%%#%'5$"&)#
)$"23%#b/%&#%/5!#2$+$&"3#-2&"(,-&$7"%:;#B'%",="$,6#Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages,
fh#["+>!-%$%#$,#'($0$,-2\:
ad:#?#5-,#&!$,8#'*#&!(""#("-%',%#!"("@#[I\#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#$%#%&$22#$,#$&%#$,*-,5)6#[f\#9"+'-
&$',-2#("0$+";#$%#(->$32)#."$,0#7/20-($H"3#',#&!"#0('/,3#-,3#0"&&$,0#%&($>>"3#'*#%'+"#'*#$&%#'($0$,-2#
"2"+",&%#["%>:#9"+'&$7"%;\6#-,3#[h\#$,#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%;#)'/#=$%!#9&'#-22'=#(''+#*'(#B"33)F%#
7"()#/%"*/2#,'&$',#'*#l"+'&$7"%6F#=!$5!#5!-,0"#&!"#3$%5'/(%"#-,3#!-.$&/%#.)#&!"$(#7"()#"O$%&",5":;
256 JAN PLAMPER
-22#>('+'&"#9%",&$+",&-2$%+;#-0-$,%&#&!"#!-(%!#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#'*#&!"#-.%'-
2/&$%&#5'/(&:# !$%#$%#&!"#.$,-()#$,#B"33)F%#%5!"+"@#&!"("#$%#',"#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+";#
-,3#&!"("#$%#',"#9"+'&$',-2#("*/0";#[=!"("#&!"#,'(+%#'*#%",&$+",&-2$%+#("$0,"3\:#
!-&F%#$,#&!"#"$0!&"",&!#5",&/():#?,#&!"#,$,"&"",&!#5",&/()6#=$&!#&!"#/>!"-7-2#'*#
&!"# W(",5!# B"7'2/&$',# ."!$,3# $&6# W(",5!# %'5$"&)# !-%# ',"# 9"+'&$',-2# ("0$+":;#
B"33)#3'"%,F&#%/00"%&#-,)#("*/0"%#-&#-22#."5-/%"#&!$%#,$,"&"",&!G5",&/()#("0$+"#
>('+'&"%#(-&!"(#2$&&2"#9"+'&$',-2#%/**"($,0;#[B"33)F%#&"(+\:#V"("#!$%#%5!"+"#$%#
+','2$&!$5:
E'5$"&$"%#-("#*-(#+'("#3$7"(%"#&!-,#&!$%#+'3"2#$+>2$"%:# '#."#%/("6#&!"("#'*&",#
-("#3'+$,-,&#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#-&#-,)#0$7",#&$+":#?#='/23#,'&#+$,3#5-22-
$,0# &!"%"# 9"+'&$',-2# ("0$+"%:;# C/&# &!")# 5'G"O$%&# =$&!# +-,)# '&!"(# 9+-(0$,-2;#
"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#&!-&#!-7"#&!"#>'&",&$-2#$,#&!"$(#&/(,#&'#5'+"#&'#&!"#*'(":#
R',%$3"(# &!"# N-&"# Z$332"# <0"%:# <%# >'>/2-($H"3# .)# V/$H$,0-6# &!"# "O&(-7-0-,&#
"+'&$',-2# ,'(+%# '*# &!"# C/(0/,3$-,# 5'/(&# 5!-(-5&"($H"3# &!"# >"($'3# -%# -# =!'2":#
V/$H$,0-#3$3#,'&#%""#+/5!#3$**"(",5"#."&="",#&!'%"#,'(+%#-,3#&!"#',"%#5/2&$-
7-&"3#.)#&!"#devotio moderna6#=!'%"#^/$"&#-,3#>$'/%#.('&!"(%#-,3#%$%&"(%#2$7"3#$,#
+-,)#'*#&!"#%-+"#5$&$"%#-%#&!"#5!(',$52"(%:#_'(#3$3#!"#%""8#&'#/,5'7"(#&!"#.'/(-
0"'$%#0('/>%#&!-&6#$,#&/(,6#!-3#-#3$**"(",&#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"#*('+#.'&!#&!"#5'/(&#-,3#
&!"#("2$0$'/%#5'++/,$&$"%:#]7",&/-22)6#$,#&!"#%"7",&"",&!#5",&/()6#%'+"#"2"+",&%#
'*#&!"%"#.'/(0"'$%#%&)2"%#."5-+"#3'+$,-,&6#!"2>$,0#&'#5("-&"#-#,"=#9"+'&$',-2#("-
0$+":;#C/&#"7",#=!",#&!-&#!->>","36#'&!"(6#7"()#3$**"(",&#"+'&$',-2#,'(+%#="("#
5/2&$7-&"3#$,#%/.0('/>%#&!-&#!-3#&!"#>'&",&$-26#$,#&/(,6#&'#5'+"#&'#&!"#*'(":#
MD@#P'/(#3"2$."(-&"#/%"#'*#&!"#>2/(-2#%&"+%#*('+#)'/(#."2$"*#&!-&#-,#$,3$7$3/-2#
'*&",#."2',0%#&'#+/2&$>2"#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%;#&!-&#-("#/,$&"3#.)#3$**"(",&6#
%'+"&$+"%#3$-+"&($5-22)#'>>'%"36#"+'&$',%#,'(+%:#<&#.'&&'+6#&!$%#%""+%#-#^/$,&-
"%%",&$-22)#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#+'7"@#$&#3$%-00("0-&"%#&!"#+','2$&!$5#Gemeinschaft
&!-&# 2-)# -&# &!"# .'&&'+# '*# D"&"(# E&"-(,%F%# "+'&$','2'0)6# $&# 3"5',%&(/5&%# &!"# -/-
&','+'/%#%/.b"5&6#-,3#3$%%'27"%#!$+#'(#!"(#$,&'#-#+/2&$&/3"#'*#*(-0+",&%:#W(""G
c'-&$,06# *(-0+",&"3# $,3$7$3/-2%# 5-,# +'7"# -+',0# 3$**"(",&# 5'++/,$&$"%# '7"(#
7"()# %!'(&# >"($'3%# '*# &$+"# -,3# "O>"($",5"# 2$&&2"# 9>-(-3'O6;# 95',&(-3$5&$',6;# '(#
9&",%$',:;# !"#^/"%&$',#&!",#-($%"%#=!"&!"(#&!$%#5',5">&#!'23%#*'(#$,3$7$3/-2%#'*#
-22#&$+"%6#'(#=!"&!"(#$&#$,#*-5&#%/>"($+>'%"%#-#+"3$"7-24-,3#>'%&+'3"(,6#=$&!#
=!$5!#$&#%!-("%#&!"#-.%",5"#'*#-,#$+-0$,-&$',#'*#!'2$%&$56#/,$1"3#-/&','+)4$,-
3$7$3/-2#',#'&!"(#&$+"%#-,3#>2-5"%Y46#?,#%!'(&6#$%#&!$%#5',5">&#&''#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#
-,3#&''#+"3$"7-2Y
CB@#Z)#/%"#'*#&!"#>2/(-2#3'"%#,'&#5'+"#*('+#-#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#&-8"#',#&!"#
-/&','+'/%#%/.b"5&:#?&#5'+"%#*('+#&!"#5',7$5&$',#&!-&#&!"("#-("#,'(+-22)#+-,)#
"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#-&#-,)#0$7",#&$+":#<#+"+."(#'*#-,#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&)#
=$22# 0","(-22)# *""2# ^/$&"# 5'+*'(&-.2"# =$&!# &!"# ,'(+%# '*# !$%# '(# !"(# 5'++/,$&)#
[&!'/0!#&!"("#5-,#."#"O5">&$',%#-,3#("."2%\:#C/&#$&#$%#'*&",#>'%%$.2"#*'(#-#>"(%',#
&'#+'7"#*('+#',"#5'++/,$&)#&'#-,'&!"(#=$&!'/&#3$*15/2&)6#-%#2',0#-%#&!"#,"=#
"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&)F%#,'(+%#-("#,'&#(-3$5-22)#3$**"(",&#*('+#&!"#'($0$,-2:#
aS:# ?# -+# 0(-&"*/2# &'# Z-(0($&# D"(,-/6# =!'# -2"(&"3# +"# &'# &!"# !'+'2'0)# ."&="",# &!"# ,',G-/&','-
+'/%# 5',5">&$',# '*# .'&!# &!"# +"3$"7-2# -,3# &!"# >'%&+'3"(,# %/.b"5&%# ["G+-$2# 5'++/,$5-&$',6# <>($2#
21, 2009).
V'="7"(6# $*# %'+"',"# +'7"%# &'4'(# 5',*(',&%4-# (-3$5-22)# 3$**"(",&# %'(&# '*#
"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&)6#!"#'(#%!"#+'%&#2$8"2)#=$22#$,3""3#"O>"($",5"#>-(-3'O6#5',-
&(-3$5&$',6#-,3#&",%$',:#<,36#."5-/%"#"+'&$',%#-("#%'#52'%"2)#&$"3#&'#7-2/"%#-,3#
0'-2%6#&!$%#3$%>2-5"3#>"(%',#=$22#-2%'#7"()#2$8"2)#3$%->>('7"#'*#&!"#,"=#5'++/-
,$&)#-,3#$&%#>(-5&$5"%:
C/&# %'+"# >"'>2"4+'3"(,# -,&!('>'2'0$%&%# *'(# "O-+>2"41,3# $&# 7-2/-.2"# &'#
>-(&$5$>-&"#$,#(-3$5-22)#3$**"(",&#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%:#<,3#)'/,0#>"'>2"#'*&",#
"O>"($+",&#=$&!4-,3#1,3#>2"-%/("#$,4"O>"($",5$,0#3$**"(",&#%'(&%#'*#"+'&$',-2#
5'++/,$&$"%:
MD@# '#*'22'=#/>6#$%#&!"#5',5">&#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#",'/0!Y#V'=#%&-.2"#-("#&!"#
.'/,3-($"%#."&="",#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%Y#V'=#5-,#="#%&$22#%>"-8#'*#95'++/-
,$&);#$*#&!"%"#.'/,3-($"%#-("#$,#*-5&#!$0!2)#>'('/%#-,3#/,%&-.2"Y#?,#'&!"(#='(3%6#$*#
&-8",#&'#$&%#>'%&%&(/5&/(-2$%&#"O&("+"6#3'"%,F&#&!"#5',5">&#3$%%'27"Y
CB@#?#,"7"(#+"-,&#&'#%/00"%&#&!-&#5'++/,$&)#.'/,3-($"%#="("#highly#>'('/%#
-,3#/,%&-.2":#?#+"-,&#%$+>2)#&'#%-)#&!-&#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#5'/23#."#-**"5&"3#
.)#'&!"(%#-,3#&!-&#>"'>2"#5'/23#-&#&$+"%#+'7"#*('+#',"#&'#-,'&!"(6#&!'/0!#&!")#
='/23#3'#%'#+'%&#"-%$2)#-,3#5'+*'(&-.2)#=!",#&!"#,'(+%#="("#%$+$2-(:#]+'&$',-2#
5'++/,$&$"%#!-7"#&!"#>'&",&$-2#&'#5!-,0"#'7"(#&$+"#-%#&!"#>"'>2"#$,#&!"+#5!-,0"#
&!"$(#0'-2%#-,3#7-2/"%:#C/&#&!$%#3'"%#,'&#=-((-,&#&!"#2-."2#9/,%&-.2":;#B-&!"(#?#
='/23#%>"-8#'*#&!"$(#-3->&$7"#>'&",&$-2:#
MD@#?,#-#%$+$2-(#7"$,6#?#=-%#-#.$&#%/(>($%"3#&'#%""#)'/#'**"(#-#7"()#'>",#3"1,$-
&$',#'*#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&)6;#',2)#&'#&!",#1,3#$&#5$(5/+%5($."3#.)#&!"#$+-0"#
'*#9-#2-(0"#5$(52"#=$&!$,#=!$5!#-("#%+-22"(#5$(52"%6#,',"#",&$("2)#5',5",&($5#./&#
(-&!"(#3$%&($./&"3#/,"7",2)#=$&!$,#&!"#0$7",#%>-5":;47 Do you mean to suggest this
+'3"2#'*#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#-%#5',5",&($5#5$(52"%#5-,#."#/%"3#*'(#-22#&$+"%Y#
Z$0!&#&!"("#!-7"#."",#%2$>>-0"#."&="",#&!"#5',5("&"#!$%&'($5-2#%"&&$,0#)'/#%&/3)#
[9/,$7"(%-2#R!($%&",3'+;#'*#&!"#]-(2)#Z$332"#<0"%#-%#&!"#2-(0"#5$(52"6#90('/>%#
%+-22"(#&!-,#/,$7"(%-2#R!($%&",3'+#-,3#2-(0"(#&!-,#,/52"-(#*-+$2$"%;#-%#%+-22"(#
5$(52"%#=$&!$,#&!"#2-(0"#5$(52"\#-,3#'&!"(#>"($'3%#'*#!$%&'()Y48
CB@# !"#+'3"2#$%#%/>>'%"3#&'#."#'*#not#",&$("2)#5',5",&($5#5$(52"%6#%'#&!-&#%'+"#
"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#$,&"(%"5&#=$&!#'&!"(%6#=!$2"#'&!"(#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#
-("#",&$("2)4'(#,"-(2)4%">-(-&"#*('+#&!"#("%&:#<#+'3"2#'*#95',5",&($5#5$(52"%;#
5-,#."#/%"36#$&#%""+%#&'#+"6#',2)#=!",#)'/#!-7"#5'++/,$&$"%#&!-&#5',*'(+#^/$&"#
52'%"2)#&'#-#2-(0"#-,3#/,$7"(%-2#%"&#'*#7-2/"%#-,3#0'-2%:# !$%#+$0!&#='(8#+'("#'(#
2"%%#="22#*'(#9/,$7"(%-2#R!($%&",3'+6;#./&#("+"+."(#&!-&#"7",#=$&!$,#R!($%&",-
3'+#&!"("#="("#!"("&$5-2#0('/>%6#$,3">",3",&#&!$,8"(%6#-,3#[-#7"()#%">-(-&"#"+'-
&$',-2#5'++/,$&)\#M"=%:#<&#'&!"(#>"($'3%#&!"#9%2$>>-0";#+/%&#."#+/5!#0("-&"(6#
-%# $,# &!"# %"7",&"",&!# 5",&/()6# =!",# "7",# 9R!($%&",3'+;# =-%# 52"-(2)# *(-5&/("3#
.)#&!"#3"7"2'>+",&#'*#,/+"('/%#D('&"%&-,&#0('/>%6#-#("3"1,"3#R-&!'2$5$%+6#-,3#
aK:# P'/# 5',&$,/"6# 9 !"# 2-(0"# 5$(52"# $%# &!"# '7"(-(5!$,0# "+'&$',-2# 5'++/,$&)6# &$"3# &'0"&!"(# .)#
*/,3-+",&-2#-%%/+>&$',%6#7-2/"%6#0'-2%6#*""2$,0#(/2"%6#-,3#-55">&"3#+'3"%#'*#"O>("%%$',:# !"#%+-22"(#
5$(52"%#(">("%",&#%/.'(3$,-&"#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%6#>-(&-8$,0#$,#&!"#2-(0"(#',"#-,3#("7"-2$,0#$&%#>'%-
%$.$2$&$"%#-,3#$&%#2$+$&-&$',%:# !")#&''#+-)#."#%/.3$7$3"3:#<&#&!"#%-+"#&$+"6#'&!"(#2-(0"#5$(52"%#+-)#
"O$%&6#"$&!"(#",&$("2)#$%'2-&"3#*('+#'(#$,&"(%"5&$,0#=$&!#&!"#*$(%&#-&#',"#'(#+'("#>'$,&%:;#B'%",="$,6#
Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages, 24.
48. Ibid., 199.
258 JAN PLAMPER
%'+"#*(""G&!$,8"(%:#?,#%!'(&6#?#&!$,8#&!-&#&!"#,'&$',#'*#5',5",&($5#5$(52"%6#$*#&-8",#
2$&"(-22)6#$%#>('.-.2)#,"7"(#!$%&'($5-22)#-55/(-&"q#
E'#=!)#3$3#?#,'&#&-28#%$+>2)#-.'/&#$,&"(%"5&$,0#-,3#%">-(-&"#5$(52"%Y#A!)#3$3#
?#"7",#+",&$',#5',5",&($5$&)Y# !"#-,%="(#$%#&!-&#7"()#'*&",#"7",#3$**"(",&#5',-
&"+>'(-()#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#!-7"#some#&!$,0%#$,#5'++',4%'+"#5'++',#
7-2/"%6#0'-2%6#-%%"%%+",&%6#-,3#"+'&$',%:
MD@# P'/# !-7"# >('.-.2)# !"-(34-,3# ("-34&!"# -(0/+",&# '*# +"3$"7-2$%&%# -,3#
'&!"(%#&!-&#&!"#8$,3%#'*#%'/(5"%#[5',5$2$-(#2"0$%2-&$',6#5!-(&"(%6#!-0$'0(->!)6#2"&-
&"(%6#!$%&'($"%6#5!(',$52"%\#)'/(#Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages
/%"%#-("#!$0!2)#"2-.'(-&"#&"O&/-2#-(&$*-5&%#&!-&#%!'/23#,'&#."#%/.b"5&"3#&'#&!"#8$,3#
'*#"+'&$',%G!$%&'($5-2#("-3$,0#)'/#>"(*'(+:49 They may tell us something about
&!"#(/2"%#0'7"(,$,0#-#>-(&$5/2-(#0",("#'*#&"O&#'(#-#&)>"#'*#10/(-&$7"#%>""5!6#./&#
,'&!$,0#-.'/&#!'=#"+'&$',%#="("#"O>"($",5"34%'#0'"%#&!"#-(0/+",&:#P'/#>("-
"+>&#-,3#5'/,&"(#+/5!#'*#&!$%#5($&$5$%+#.)#-(0/$,0#[I\#&!-&#0",("%#-(",F&#1O"3#
./&# 7-($-.2"6# &!-&# &!$%# 7-($-&$',# $%# '>",# &'# 3"5'3$,0# .)# &!"# !$%&'($-,6# -,3# &!-&#
+"&->!'(%#'*&",#-5^/$("#>-(&$5/2-(#*'(5"#.)#/%$,0#-,#"+'&$',#='(3#-,3#-("#&!/%#
5',%&$&/&$7"#'*#["+'&$',-2\#("-2$&)6#$*#)'/#=$22g#[f\#&!-&#&!"#>('.2"+#->>2$"%#,'&#b/%&#
&'#"+'&$',%#./&#&'#-,)#'&!"(#&'>$5:#P'/#-("#-3+$(-.2)#5-("*/2#-,3#5',52/3"6#9A"#
5-,,'&#8,'=#!'=#-22#>"'>2"#*"2&6#./&#="#5-,#."0$,#&'#8,'=#!'=#%'+"#+"+."(%#'*#
5"(&-$,#-%5",3-,&#"2$&"%#&!'/0!&#&!")#-,3#'&!"(%#*"2&#'(6#-&#2"-%&6#&!'/0!&#&!")#'/0!&#
&'#*""2:# !-&#$%#-22#="#5-,#8,'=:#C/&#$&#$%#^/$&"#-#2'&:#V'=#+/5!#+'("#3'#="#8,'=#
-.'/&#&!"#*""2$,0%#'*#&!"#>"'>2"#-('/,3#/%Y;50#T$7",#&!$%#5-("*/2,"%%6#?#=',3"(#$*#
9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%;#+$0!&#."#-#+$%,'+"(#-,3#'/0!&#."&&"(#."#&"(+"3#95'+-
+/,$&$"%#'*#"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%#-,3t'(#,'(+%;Y#
CB@#?&#$%#,'&#-%#&!'/0!#="#5-,#"7"(#%""#"+'&$',%#-,3#5->&/("#&!"+#$,#&!"$(#"%-
%",5":# !")#-("#-2=-)%#"+."33"3#$,#0"%&/("%#-,3#='(3%6#-,3#&!")#+/%&#-2=-)%#."#
"O>("%%"3#$,#%'+"#=-)4=($&&",#'/&6#/&&"("36#+-(8"3#.)#5($"%6#3"+',%&(-&"3#7$-#
.'3$2)#=($&!$,0%#'(#%&$**#/>>"(#2$>%6#-,3#%'#',:#?*#)'/#5'/23#3$%&$,0/$%!#."&="",#-#
9("-2#"+'&$',;#-,3#-,#9"+'&$',#-%#"O>("%%"3#$,#-#5"(&-$,#=-);#[&!-&#$%#7$-#-#%&)2"#
-,3#-#,'(+\#&!",#?#='/23#-0(""#&!-&#="#%!'/23#("%"(7"#&!"#$3"-#'*#9"+'&$',-2#5'+-
+/,$&);#*'(#&!"#1(%&#$,%&-,5"#-,3#/%"#%'+"#'&!"(#&"(+#*'(#=!-&#?#-+#&-28$,0#-.'/&:#
C/&#"7",#$,#'/(#>("%",&#='(236#=!"("#="#!-7"#-55"%%#&'#>"'>2"F%#(">'(&%#-.'/&#!'=#
&!")#*""26#="#-("#%&$22#3"-2$,0#=$&!#'(-2#&"O&%#[-%#$&#="("\#&!-&#-("#0","(-22)#%&"("'-
&)>$5-2#-,3#!-.$&/-2:#<%#'/&%$3"#'.%"(7"(%6#="#+/%&#$,&"(>("&#&!"%"#(">("%",&-&$',%6#
=!$5!#-("#("-22)6#&'#>-(->!(-%"#+)%"2*6#-.'/&#!'=#%'+"#>"'>2"#&!$,8#&!-&#&!")#*""2:#
A$22#="#"7"(#8,'=#&!"$(#9("-2;#"+'&$',%Y#A!-&#"O-5&2)#='/23#&!-&#+"-,Y
?&# $%# &(/"# &!-&# +-,)# >%)5!'2'0$%&%# &!$,8# &!-&# "+'&$',%# 95-+"# $,&'# ."$,0# -%#
%'2/&$',%#&'#5"(&-$,#8$,3%#'*#>('.2"+%;#$,#'/(#"7'2/&$',-()#>-%&:51 “Real” emo-
49. See the review by Bonnie Effros in H-France Review 8, no. 103 (2008), 410: “While
B'%",="$,#.('-32)#("*/&"%#&!"#$+>-5&#'*#0",("#$,#!"(#3$%5/%%$',6#+$0!&#$&#,'&#."#*-$(#&'#-%8#=!"&!"(#
%'+"#'*#&!"#%!$*&%#$,#7'5-./2-()#-("#3/"#-&#2"-%&#$,#>-(&#&'#&!"#&)>"#'*#=($&$,0%#*('+#=!$5!#B'%",="$,#
3(-=%# !"(# "O-+>2"%Y# R'/23# ,'&# %'+"# '*# &!"# 5!-,0"%# '="# 2"%%# &'# -# 52$+-&"# $,# =!$5!# "+'&$',# =-%#
-%%'5$-&"3#=$&!#%>$($&/-2#="-8,"%%4>-(&$5/2-(2)#*"+-2"#="-8,"%%#[>>:#IaJGdL\4-,3#+'("#&'#3$**"(-
",5"%#."&="",#&!"#8$,3%#'*#='(3%#-,3#5',7",&$',%#->>2$"3#&'#%-$,&%F#N$7"%#-,3#>'"+%#7"(%/%#&!'%"#
+'("#->>('>($-&"#&'#2"&&"(%Y;
50. Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages, 196.
dI:#U"$&!#j-&2")6#Emotions: A Brief History#[jO*'(3@#C2-58="226#fLLa\6#fS:
&$',%#-("#("%>',%"%#&'#&!'%"#>('.2"+%:# !/%#*"-(#$%#&!"#("-2#("%>',%"#&'#-#&!("-&:#
]7",#$*#="#-55">&#&!$%#>("+$%"#[-,3#?#+)%"2*#&!$,8#$&#$%#+/5!#&''#%$+>2$%&$5\6#="#
%&$22#-("#5',*(',&"3#.)#&!"#*-5&#&!-&#',2)#5/2&/("#5-,#&"22#/%#=!-&#-#&!("-&#$%6#!'=#
="#%!'/23#!-,32"#-,3#"O>("%%#'/(#*"-(6#-,3#=!"&!"(#*"-(#'(#%'+"#'&!"(#"+'&$',#
%!'/23#3'+$,-&"#'/(#%'5$-2#2$7"%4'(#3'+$,-&"#-&#5"(&-$,#&$+"%#./&#,'&#-&#'&!"(%:#
!$%#9%!->$,0;#$%#=!-&#="#%""#$,#9"2-.'(-&"#&"O&/-2#-(&$*-5&%6;#=!$5!6#-*&"(#-226#-("#
&!"#>('3/5&%#'*#-#5/2&/(":
?#5-,,'&#3",)#&!-&#2$&"(-&/("#-,3#&"O&%#!-7"#+-,)#-0",3-%#."%$3"%#"O>("%%$,0#
"+'&$',%:# !")# +-)# ."# 3$3-5&$56# $3"-2$H$,06# %-&$($5-26# '(# 3"+',$H$,0:# !"# 5',-
%&(-$,&%#'*#&!"$(#0",("#+-)#,'&#-22'=#5"(&-$,#8$,3%#'*#%&-&"+",&%#=!$2"#>($7$2"0$,0#
'&!"(%:#[ !-&#$%#=!)#$&#$%#."%&6#=!",#%&/3)$,0#-,#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&)6#&'#/%"#-#
7-($"&)#'*#&)>"%#'*#%'/(5"%:\#C/&#$%#-22#&!$%#%'#7"()#3$**"(",&#*('+#-#5',*"%%$',#'*#
*""2$,0#&'3-)Y#?&#&''#5-,#."#+-3"#*'(#-,#"**"5&#&!-&#!-%#2$&&2"#&'#3'#=$&!#&!"#*""2$,0#
>/(>'(&"32)#."$,0#"O>("%%"3:#?&#&''#5-,#."#+"-,&#&'#&"-5!6#5!-,0"6#3$%>2"-%"6#'(#
>2"-%"#$&%#-/3$",5":#?&#&''#5-,#!$3"6#'.*/%5-&"6#3$%&'(&6#-,3#3$%%"+.2"#&!"#"+'&$',%#
$&#>/(>'(&%#&'#(">'(&:
?,#%!'(&6#*""2$,0%#5-,#,"7"(#."#8,'=,#'/&#'*#5',&"O&:# !")#3">",3#',#&!"#7-2/"%#
-,3# %$&/-&$',%# &!-&# "2$5$&# &!"+6# ',# &!"# ,-((-&$7"%# &!-&# >"'>2"# /%"# &'# +-8"# %",%"#
'*# &!"+%"27"%# -,3# &!"$(# ='(236# -,3# ',# &!"# -55">&"3# '(# $3$'%),5(-&$5# +'3"%# '*#
"O>("%%$',#&!-&#-("#"+>2')"3#&'#5'++/,$5-&"#&!"+:#?#&!/%#%/.+$&#&!-&#)'/#=$22#
,'&#1,3#9"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%;#&!-&#-("#,'&6#-&#&!"#%-+"#&$+"6#95'++/,$&$"%#'*#
"+'&$',-2#%&)2"%#-,3t'(#,'(+%:;
MD@#V'=#3'#)'/#"O>2-$,#&!"#5/((",&#.''+#$,#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%Y#A'/23#
)'/#5-22#&!$%#-#9&/(,;Y
CB@# !"#5/((",&#.''+#$,#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#52'%"2)#*'22'=%#',#&!"#!""2%#'*#
-#%$+$2-(#./(0"',$,0#$,#>%)5!'2'0):#?,#IJà6#&='#>('+$,",&#>%)5!'2'0$%&%#=('&"@#
9<*&"(#+-,)#)"-(%#'*#,"02"5&#:#:#:#"+'&$',#!-%#."5'+"#-#7$&-26#-2+'%&#*-%!$',-.2"#
&'>$5#$,#&!"#%'5$-2#-,3#."!-7$'(-2#%5$",5"%:;52 Just a year later, Peter N. Stearns
-,3#R-('2#m:#E&"-(,%#'/&2$,"3#-#,"=#=-)#&'#%&/3)#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%:53 Both
1"23%#5',&$,/"3#&'#.2'%%'+#&!"("-*&"(6#-,36#$,3""36#>%)5!'2'0$%&%#-,3#!$%&'($-,%#
!-7"#,'=#."",#b'$,"3#.)#,"/('.$'2'0$%&%#-,3#0","&$5$%&%:#
!"# +'7"+",&# !-%# ."",# %>-(8"3# .)# 5/((",&#<+"($5-,# [-,34)'/# =$22# 8,'=#
."&&"(#&!-,#?4>"(!->%#]/('>"-,\#>("'55/>-&$',%#=$&!#9!'=#>"'>2"#*""2;#-,3#=$&!#
&!"#0('=&!#'*#='+",F%#-,3#0",3"(#%&/3$"%:#?&#+-)#="22#."#-#9&/(,:;#?#!'>"#%':
MD@# ?# =',3"(# -.'/&# )'/(# &-8"# ',# &!"# 2$*"# %5$",5"%:# V'=# %!'/23# !$%&'($-,%# '*#
"+'&$',%#("-5&#&'#&!$%#5!-22",0"Y
CB@# !"#2$*"#%5$",5"%#-("#5',&($./&$,0#",'(+'/%2)#&'#'/(#/,3"(%&-,3$,0#'*#&!"#
"+'&$',%:#V$%&'($-,%#,""3#&'#("-3#-,3#-.%'(.#&!$%#='(8:#<&#&!"#%-+"#&$+"6#!'=-
"7"(6#="#,""3#&'#0/-(3#-0-$,%&#&!"#9>("%",&$%&;#-,3#9/,$7"(%-2$%&;#.$-%"%#'*#&!"#2$*"#
%5$",5"%:# !-&#$%6#2$*"#%5$",&$%&%#0","(-22)#&!$,8#&!-&#&'3-)F%#"+'&$',%#="("#-2=-)%#
"+'&$',%#-,3#=$22#("+-$,#%'#$,#&!"#*/&/(":
df:# U2-/%# B:# E5!"("(# -,3# D-/2# ]8+-,6# 9D("*-5"6;# $,# Approaches to Emotion6# "3:# E5!"("(# -,3#
]8+-,#[V$22%3-2"6#_M@#](2.-/+6#IJà\6#O$:
dh:#E""#D"&"(#_:#E&"-(,%#-,3#R-('2#m:#E&"-(,%6#9]+'&$','2'0)@#R2-($*)$,0#&!"#V$%&'()#'*#]+'&$',%#
-,3#]+'&$',-2#E&-,3-(3%6;#American Historical Review 90, no. 4 (1985), 813-836.
260 JAN PLAMPER
]O&("+"2)#$,c/",&$-2#$%#&!"#='(8#'*#D-/2#]8+-,#-,3#!$%#+-,)#3$%5$>2"%#-,3#
*'22'="(%:# !")# ."0-,# [$,# IJKI\# .)# -(0/$,0# &!-&# &!"# *-5$-2# "O>("%%$',%# '*# !->-
>$,"%%6#%-3,"%%6#3$%0/%&6#%/(>($%"6#-,0"(6#-,3#*"-(#="("#[-,3#-("\#/,$7"(%-2:54 By
,'=6#&!")#5',%$3"(#&!-&#!)>'&!"%$%#>('7",6#-,3#&!"$(#("%"-(5!#*'5/%"%#',#7-($'/%#
0('/>%F#-.$2$&$"%#&'#"O>("%%#'(#>('5"%%#*-5$-2#"O>("%%$',%#5'(("5&2):# !$%#$%#,'&#&!"#
>2-5"#&'#5($&$^/"#&!$%#7-%&#2$&"(-&/(":#?#%$+>2)#=-,&#&'#+",&$',#!"("#&!-&#$&#!-%#."",#
5($&$^/"3#^/$&"#7$0'('/%2)#.)#>%)5!'2'0$%&%#&!"+%"27"%:55
<&#-#5"(&-$,#2"7"26#&'#."#%/("6#&!"("#$%#&(/&!#&'#&!"#/,$7"(%-2$%&#52-$+:#]+'&$',%#
!-7"#-#.$'2'0$5-2#("-2$&)6#-,3#&!")#+-)#."#-%%'5$-&"3#=$&!#5"(&-$,#>-(&%#'*#&!"#.(-$,#
-,3#*-5$-2#+/%5/2-&/(":#A$&!'/&#3",)$,0#&!-&#"+'&$',%#-("#9!-(3G=$("36;#?#%!'/23#
2$8"#&'#-(0/"#&!-&#&!")#-("#2$8"#,'&"%#$,#-#%5-2"g#$,#5',&"O&6#-%#&!")#-("#-5&/-22)#/%"3#
-,3#"O>("%%"36#&!")#5'+"#'/&#3$**"(",&2)4-%#3$**"(",&2)#[%'+"&$+"%\#-%#-#*/0/"#
.)#C-5!#-,3#-#!$>G!'>#(->:#<,36#-%#="#8,'=#*('+#^/-(&"(G&',"%6#"7",#&!"#,'&"%#
'*#-#%5-2"#5-,#."#+'3$1"3:
MD@#<%#-#+"3$"7-2$%&#=!'#!-%#2-.'("3#!-(3#&'#3"./,8#&!"#+)&!#'*#9"+'&$',-26;#
95!$23G2$8";#>("+'3"(,$&)6#!'=#='/23#)'/#2$8"#&'#%""#!$%&'($-,%#'*#+'3"(,#"+'-
&$',%#5!-,0"#&!"$(#("%"-(5!#$,#2$0!&#'*#&!"#>"($'3%#&!-&#>("5"3"#&!"$(%Y
CB@#V$%&'($-,%#'*#+'3"(,#"+'&$',%#,""3#&'#>('.2"+-&$H"#&!"$(#"-%)#-%%/+>-
&$',%# -.'/&# &!"# ,-&/("# '*# +'3"(,$&)# -,3# &!"# >($+$&$7"# ,-&/("# '*# &!"# >("+'3"(,#
>-%&:# !$%#=$22#."#!-(3#&'#3':#C/&#."5-/%"#"+'&$',%#3'#,'&#3">",3#',#&"5!,'2'0)6#
&!"# ,-&$',G%&-&"6# '(# '&!"(# *-5&'(%# -%%'5$-&"3# =$&!# +'3"(,$&)6# &!"# %&/3)# '*# "+'-
&$',%#$%#-#7"()#0''3#>2-5"#&'#."0$,#^/"()$,0#&!"#7"()#$3"-#'*#+'3"(,$&):#?&#=$22#."#
,"5"%%-()#&'#b"&&$%',#&!"#!)3(-/2$5#7$"=#'*#&!"#"+'&$',%#-,3#&'#("5'0,$H"#&!-&#&!"#
+"3$"7-2#='(23#[2$8"#&!"#+'3"(,\#!'%&"3#-#0("-&#7-($"&)#'*#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$-
&$"%#['(#9"+'&$',-2#("0$+"%6;#$*#)'/#>("*"(\:#
MD@#P'/#!-7"#5($&$5$H"3#&!"#*-5&#&!-&#9!$%&'($-,%#!-7"#&",3"3#&'#>"($'3$H"#"+'-
&$',-2#&(-,%*'(+-&$',%#=$&!$,#&!"#.('-3#"(-%#("+$,$%5",&#'*#A"%&"(,#5$7$2$H-&$',#
5'/(%"%;4-,5$",&6# +"3$"7-26# +'3"(,4-,3# !-7"# %/00"%&"3# &!-&# &!$%# !-%# &'# 3'#
=$&!# ("%"-(5!# 3"%$0,%:# A!-&# 8$,3%# '*# 5!(','2'0$5-2# .'/,3-($"%# 3'# )'/# $3"-22)#
",7$%$',#*'(#!$%&'($"%#'*#"+'&$',%Y#
CB@# !"#$3"-2#!$%&'()4=!$5!#%""+%#*-(#-=-)#($0!&#,'=4=$22#,'&#."#-#!$%&'()#
of the emotions but rather an integration of the history of emotions into “regular”
!$%&'():#_'=-3-)%#,'#',"#='/23#&!$,8#'*#=($&$,0#-#!$%&'()#'*6#%-)6#T"(+-,)#."-
&="",#&!"#=-(%#=$&!'/&#3"-2$,0#=$&!#$%%/"%#'*#0",3"(#-,3#&!"#('2"%#-,3#$+-0"%#
'*#+",#-,3#='+",:# !$%#$%#&!"#0("-&#&($/+>!#'*#=!-&#."0-,#-%#9='+",F%#!$%-
&'();4$&#!-%#."5'+"#-#>-(&#'*#0","(-2#!$%&'($5-2#,-((-&$7"%:#?#!'>"#"7",&/-22)#&!-&#
&!"#%-+"#=$22#."#&!"#5-%"#*'(#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%:
<%#*'(#5!(','2'0$5-2#.'/,3-($"%#*'(#!$%&'($"%#'*#"+'&$',%6#($0!&#,'=#&!")#-("#
52"-(2)# &''# .('-3:#<# 0''3# $,&"($+# >"($'3$H-&$',# *'(# &!"# !$%&'()# '*# "+'&$',%# $,#
A"%&"(,#]/('>"#[&!'/0!#>"(!->%#,'&#9$3"-2;\#+$0!&#="22#."#5',%&(/5&"3#',#-#!$%-
&'()# '*# &!"# %/55"%%$',# '*# 9"+'&$',-2# ("0$+"%;# -,3# &!"# "+'&$',-2# 5'++/,$&$"%#
*('+#=!$5!#&!")#0("=:# !$%#$%#,'&#&!"#>2-5"#&'#'/&2$,"#&!$%#!$%&'()6#*'(6#&'23#$,#.($"*6#
da:#E""#]8+-,#-,3#W($"%",6#9R',%&-,&%#-5('%%#R/2&/("%#$,#&!"#W-5"#-,3#]+'&$',:;#
dd:# D-(&$5/2-(2)# 5'0",&# $%# M-+"%# <:# B/%%"226# 9?%# !"("# Q,$7"(%-2# B"5'0,$&$',# '*# ]+'&$',# *('+#
W-5$-2# ]O>("%%$',Y# <# B"7$"=# '*# &!"# R('%%GR/2&/(-2# E&/3$"%6;# Psychological Bulletin 115 (1994),
102-141.
$&#='/23#%'/,3#,"-(2)#-%#("3/5&$7"#-%#&!"#%5!"+"#'*#]2$-%:#C/&#?#5-,#%-)#&!$%@#$&#
='/23#,'&#."#-#!$%&'()#'*#&='#>"($'3%#./&#(-&!"(#'*#+-,):#<,3#$&#='/23#."#-#!$%&'()#
=$&!'/&#-#&"2"'2'0)6#$22/%&(-&$,0#,'#95$7$2$H$,0;#>('5"%%:#B-&!"(#$&#='/23#$22/%&(-&"#
!'=#"+'&$',-2#5'++/,$&$"%#5'G"O$%&"3#=$&!#'&!"(%6#%'+"&$+"%#5!-,0"36#%'+"-
&$+"%#5-+"#&'#&!"#*'("6#-,3#%'+"&$+"%#."5-+"#"O&$,5&:#
MD@#Z'("#0","(-22)6#$,#=!$5!#3$("5&$',#%!'/23#&!"#*/&/("#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#
+'7"Y
CB@# !"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#%!'/23#&-8"#$,&'#-55'/,&#&!"#2-&"%&#%5$",&$15#-3-
7-,5"%#$,#'/(#8,'=2"30"#-.'/&#"+'&$',%#=$&!'/&#-3'>&$,0#-#>("%",&$%&#'(#/,$7"(-
%-2$%&#->>('-5!:#<.'7"#-226#$&#%!'/23#."#%",%$&$7"#&'#&!"#'&!"(,"%%6#%"($'/%,"%%6#-,3#
5'+>2"O$&)#'*#&!"#>-%&4"7",#&!"#+"3$"7-2#>-%&:
III. PETER N. STEARNS
MD@#N"&#/%#%&-(&#=$&!#-,#"O"(5$%"#$,#$,&"22"5&/-2#-/&'.$'0(->!):#P'/#="("#&(-$,"3#
-&# V-(7-(3# $,# W(",5!# !$%&'()# 3/($,0# &!"# "-(2)# IJSL%# -,3# %&-(&"3# '/&# -%# -# 2-.'(#
historian of ,$,"&"",&!G5",&/()#W(-,5":#V'=#3$3#)'/#0"&#$,&'#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'-
&$',%Y
DE@#?#3$3#%&-(&#-%#-#!$%&'($-,#='(8$,0#',#W(",5!#%'5$-2#-,3#2-.'(#!$%&'():#?#^/$58-
2)#0'&#3(-=,#$,&'#2-(0"(#>('b"5&%6#$,52/3$,0#5'+>-(-&$7"#='(8:#<#>('b"5&#',#&!"#
!$%&'()#'*#'23#-0"#[$,#W(-,5"\#=-%#&!"#1(%&#$,#=!$5!#?#("-22)#&($"3#&'#%8"&5!#'/&#-#
*-$(2)#,"=#!$%&'($5-2#1"236#'*#0("-&#&'>$5-2#-,3#5',&"+>'(-()#$+>'(&-,5"6#-,3#?#
2$8"3#&!$%#-#2'&:56#?%%/"%#$,#&!"#IJSL%#-,3#IJKL%#+'7"3#+"#+'("#&'=-(3#0",3"(#
!$%&'()6#-,3#?#3$3#-#.''8#',#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#+-%5/2$,$&)#&!-&#!"2>"3#5',7$,5"#+"#
&!-&#"O>2$5$&#='(8#',#"+'&$',%#='/23#."#"O5$&$,0:57# !"("#="("#0","(-2$H-&$',%#-&#
&!"#&$+"#-.'/&#+",#,'&#%!'=$,0#"+'&$',#&!-&#="("#52"-(2)#'**#&!"#+-(8:#<2%'#$&#
."5-+"#52"-(#&!-&#='(8#',#*-+$2)#!$%&'()6#$,52/3$,0#>-(",&X5!$23#&$"%6#!-3#+'7"3#
$%%/"%#'*#"+'&$',-2#>-&&"(,%#-,3#5!-,0"%#&'#&!"#*'("0('/,3:#E'#?#3"5$3"3#&'#b/+>#
$,#=$&!#-,#"O>2$5$&#"**'(&6#$,$&$-22)#&!"#5'G-/&!'("3#='(8#',#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#-,0"(:58
?,#&!"#>('5"%%#?#3$%5'7"("3#&!"#'23"(#W".7("#[Annales\#>2"-#*'(#='(8#',#"+'&$',6#
./&#?#=-%#-2("-3)#$,#&!"#1"23#=!",#?#2$,8"3#&'#&!-&#%",&$+",&:#
MD@#V'=#='/23#)'/#3"%5($."#)'/(#("2-&$',%!$>4&'3-)#-,3#$,#&!"#>-%&4&'#>%)-
5!'!$%&'($5-2#%5!'2-(%!$>#',#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#-,36#+'("#0","(-22)6#&'#&!"#
/%"#'*#>%)5!'2'0$5-2#%5!'2-(%!$>#$,#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%Y
DE@#?#!-7"#*'/,3#='(8#.)#+-,)#>%)5!'2'0$%&%#-,3#-#*"=#>%)5!$-&($%&%#^/$&"#("2-
"7-,&:# !")#>('7$3"#0/$3"2$,"%#*'(#=!-&F%#8,'=,#-.'/&#>-(&$5/2-(#"+'&$',%#."*'("#
-#!$%&'($-,#b/+>%#$,#&'#&"%&#!$%&'($5-2#>('>'%$&$',%:# !")#$,3$5-&"#$,#%'+"#5-%"%#
!'=# "+'&$',-2# %&-,3-(3%# -**"5&# "+'&$',-2# ."!-7$'(# -,3# "O>"($",5"4&!"# %'5$-2#
>%)5!'2'0$%&%#-("#+'%&#!"2>*/2#!"(":#<#*"=6#2$8"#B'+#V-((x#'(#E&">!-,$"#E!$"23%#$,#
&!"#QEtQU6#='(8$,0#$,#&!"#5',%&(/5&$7$%&#7"$,6#'.7$'/%2)#&-8"#!$%&'($5-2#1,3$,0%#
56. See Peter N. Stearns, Old Age in European Society: The Case of France# [_"=# P'(8@# _"=#
P'(8#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#IJKS\:
57. See Peter N. Stearns, Be a Man! Males in Modern Society# [_"=# P'(8@# V'2+"%# y# Z"$"(6#
1979).
d`:# E""# D"&"(# _:# E&"-(,%# -,3# R-('2# m:# E&"-(,%6# Anger: The Struggle for Emotional Control in
America’s History#[R!$5-0'@#Q,$7"(%$&)#'*#R!$5-0'#D("%%6#IJ`S\:
262 JAN PLAMPER
7"()#%"($'/%2)#-,3#5',&($./&"#&!"$(#'=,#("%"-(5!:# !$%#$%#(-(":#?,#0","(-2#?#3',F&#
1,3#>%)5!'2'0$%&%#-3"^/-&"2)#$,&"("%&"3#$,#5!-,0"#'(#$,#$,5'(>'(-&$,0#!$%&'($5-2#
1,3$,0%#-.'/&#("5",&#5!-,0"#$,&'#&!"$(#'=,#='(8g#$&F%#,'&#-,#"-%)#("2-&$',%!$>:#<%#
&'#>%)5!'!$%&'()6#$&#=-%#/,3/2)#5-%&#-%#2-(0"2)#.$'0(->!$5-2#-,3#!"-7$2)#W("/3$-,:#
?#='/23#-(0/"#&!-&#"+'&$',%#("%"-(5!#-22'=%#-#+'("#("2"7-,&#5',,"5&$',#."&="",#
>%)5!'2'0$5-2# -,3# !$%&'($5-2# $%%/"%6# =$&!# +'("# -&&",&$',# &'# %'5$-2# 5',&"O&%# -,3#
5',%"^/",5"%#-,3#,'#,"5"%%-()#W("/3$-,#&-$,&#-&#-226#./&#$&#!-%#,'&#%""+"3#&"(($.2)#
("2"7-,&#&'#&()#&'#52-$+#&!$%#-%#&!"#real#>%)5!'!$%&'():
MD@#?,#&!"#IJ`L%#)'/#3("=#-#52"-(#2$,"#."&="",#"+'&$',#-,3#"+'&$','2'0)6#3"-
1,$,0#&!"#2-&&"(#[$,#&!"#>%)5!'2'0$%&G2$.(-($-,#5'/>2"#D-/2#-,3#<,,"#U2"$,0$,,-F%#
='(3%\#-%#&!"#9-&&$&/3"%#'(#%&-,3-(3%#&!-&#-#%'5$"&)6#'(#-#3"1,-.2"#0('/>#=$&!$,#-#
%'5$"&)6#+-$,&-$,#&'=-(3#.-%$5#"+'&$',%#-,3#&!"$(#->>('>($-&"#"O>("%%$',g#=-)%#
&!-&#$,%&$&/&$',%#("c"5&#-,3#",5'/(-0"#&!"%"#-&&$&/3"%#$,#!/+-,#5',3/5&6#*'(#"O-
-+>2"# 5'/(&%!$># >(-5&$5"%# -%# "O>("%%$,0# &!"# 7-2/-&$',# '*# -**"5&# $,# +-(($-0"6# '(#
>"(%',,"2#='(8%!'>%#-%#("c"5&$,0#&!"#7-2/-&$',#'*#-,0"(#$,#b'.#("2-&$',%!$>%:;59
A!$2"# "+>!-%$H$,0# &!-&# "+'&$',%# -,3# "+'&$',-2# ,'(+%# [u"+'&$','2'0)\# ="("#
3$%&$,5&#-,-2)&$5-2#/,$&%6#)'/#>2-5"3#&!"%"#$,#-#("2-&$',%!$>:#P'/(#"O-+>2"#=-%#&!-&#
'*#&!"#"O>("%%$',#'*#-,0"(#$,#+-($&-2#3$%-0(""+",&%:#?*#&!"#"O>("%%$',#'*#-,0"(#2'%&#
$&%#%'5$-2#-55">&-,5"#3/($,0#-#5'/>2"F%#2$*"&$+"6#0/$2&#*""2$,0%#-.'/&#&!"#5',&$,/"3#
"O>"($",5"#'*#-,0"(#+$0!&#",&"(#3$-($"%:60#<,3#)"&#)'/#2"&#&!"("#."#,'#3'/.&#&!-&#
&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#%!'/23#&'#-#2-(0"#"O&",&#*'5/%#',#"+'&$','2'0):#A!)Y#
DE@#?#!-7"#=-,&"3#&'#3$%&$,0/$%!#."&="",#='(8#',#"+'&$','2'0)6#'(#5/2&/(-2#
%&-,3-(3%6#-,3#"+'&$',-2#"O>"($",5"6#./&#,'&#."5-/%"#?#&!$,8#&!"#1"23#%!'/23#*'-
5/%#+-$,2)#',#"+'&$','2'0):#B-&!"(6#="#%!'/23#-3+$&#=!",#="F("#3"-2$,0#=$&!#
5/2&/("#-,3#,'&#>("&",3#$&#,"5"%%-($2)#3"%5($."%#-5&/-2#"O>"($",5":#<,3#="#%!'/23#
-3+$&#&!-&#5/2&/("#$%#-#2'&#+'("#-55"%%$.2":#?&#$%#$+>'(&-,&#$,#$&%#'=,#($0!&6#."5-/%"#
$&#-**"5&%#>/.2$5#>'2$5$"%#-,3#."!-7$'(%6#$,52/3$,0#&!"#2-=g#-,3#$&#,'(+-22)#-**"5&%#
-5&/-2#"+'&$',-2#"7-2/-&$',%#$,52/3$,0#%"2*G"7-2/-&$',%#-,3#-5&/-2#"O>"($",5"#-%#
="226#&!'/0!#,'&#-2=-)%#=$&!#*/22#5'(("2-&$',:#?#-+#",&$("2)#*-7'(-.2"#&'#"**'(&%6#
2$8"#B"33)F%#-,3#B'%",="$,F%6#&'#0'#.")',3#5/2&/("#&'#-5&/-2#."!-7$'(%6#-,3#$,-
3""3#?#&!$,8#?F7"#3',"#&!$%#&''6#"7",#=$&!#&!"#$,$&$-2#-,0"(#>('b"5&:
MD@#P'/#!-7"#!$%&'($5$H"3#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#-,3#5',&$,/"#&'#3'#%'6#+'%&#
("5",&2)#$,#fLL`:61#?,#&!"#>-%&#)'/#"+>!-%$H"3#&!"#$+>'(&-,5"#'*#IJKL%#-,3#IJ`L%#
*-+$2)#!$%&'()4N-=(",5"#E&',"#-,3#'&!"(%4-%#&!"#8")#%&">#&'=-(3#&!"#+'3"(,#
!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%:#R-,#)'/#"O>2-$,#=!)#-,3#"2-.'(-&"Y
DE@#<%# ?# %-$3# "-(2$"(6# ?# 3$3# &!$,8# &!-&# ='(8# %/5!# -%# E&',"F%6# W2-,3($,F%6# -,3#
'&!"(%#',#*-+$2)#("-22)#%"&#/>#%'+"#5(/5$-2#3$%5/%%$',%#-.'/&#"+'&$',6#$,52/3$,0#
3"7"2'>+",&%#2$8"#+'("#"O>2$5$&#"+>!-%$%#',#*-+$2$-2#-,3#%>'/%-2#2'7"6#,"=#(/2"%#
-.'/&#-,0"(#$,#&!"#*-+$2)6#-,3#%'#',:#?#-2%'#"-(2)#',#&($"3#&'#3"-2#=$&!#-%>"5&%#'*#
"+'&$',%#!$%&'()#&!-&#="("#,'&#*-+$2$-24&!"#='(8#',#-,0"(#!"-7$2)#"+>!-%$H"3#
dJ:# z/'&"3# $,# D"&"(# _:# E&"-(,%# -,3# R-('2# m:# E&"-(,%6# 9]+'&$','2'0)@# R2-($*)$,0# &!"# V$%&'()# '*#
]+'&$',%#-,3#]+'&$',-2#E&-,3-(3%6;#American Historical Review 90, no. 4 (1985), 813.
60. See ibid., 825.
SI:# D"&"(# _:# E&"-(,%6# 9V$%&'()# '*# ]+'&$',%@# ?%%/"%# '*# R!-,0"# -,3# ?+>-5&6;# $,# Handbook of
Emotions6#h(3#"3:6#"3:#Z$5!-"2#N"=$%6#M"-,,"&&"#Z:#V-7$2-,3GM',"%6#-,3#N$%-#W"23+-,#C-(("&&#[_"=#
P'(8@#T/$2*'(3#D("%%6#fLL`\6#IKGhI:
5!-,0"%#$,#&!"#='(8>2-5":#Z)#+'("#("5",&#("%"-(5!#',#*"-(#!-3#*-+$2)#2$,8%6#>-(-
&$5/2-(2)#$,#&!"#($%$,0#*"-(%#-%%'5$-&"3#=$&!#5!$23#%-*"&)6#./&#$&#-2%'#=",&#.")',3:#
E'#+)#("-2#$,&"("%&#$%#$,#&!"#5',&($./&$',%#'*#"+'&$',%#!$%&'()#0","(-22)6#=$&!#>-(-
&$5/2-(#-&&",&$',#',#5!-,0"%#-,3#&!"#5-/%"%#-,3#5',%"^/",5"%#'*#5!-,0":#W-+$2)#
-%>"5&%#1&#$,&'#&!$%#./&#',2)#-%#>-(&#'*#&!"#&'>$5:
MD@#e'#)'/#%""#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#-%#-#>-(&#'*#%'5$-2#!$%&'()Y#?*#)"%6#!'=#
%'6#-,3#=!)Y
DE@#P"%6#3"1,$&"2)#%'5$-2#!$%&'()6#&!'/0!#52'%"2)#2$,8"3#&'#5/2&/(":#A"F("#="22#
>-%&#&!"#>'$,&#=!",#%'5$-2#!$%&'($-,%#!-3#&'#$,%$%&#&!-&#2'="(G52-%%#>('&"%&"(%6#*'(#
"O-+>2"6#="("#(-&$',-2#-%#>-(&#'*#"%&-.2$%!$,0#&!"#2"0$&$+-5)#'*#&!"#%&/3):#T('/>%#
$,#%'5$-2#!$%&'()#3'#>/(%/"#(-&$',-2#$,&"("%&%6#&!"#'23#5('=3#%&/3$"%#="("#,'&#=(',06#
./&#&!")#-2%'#("%>',3#&'#"+'&$',-2#%$0,-2%#-,3#5/"%#*('+#"+'&$',-2#5/2&/("6#-,3#
&!$%#+-8"%#"+'&$',#-,#",&$("2)#7-2$36#$,3""3#$+>'(&-,&#&'>$5#$,#%'5$-2#!$%&'():#?#
&!$,8#&!"#1"23#!-%#0-$,"3#0('/,3#>($+-($2)#$,#2$,8%#&'#%'5$-2#!$%&'()6#-%#>-(&#'*#"O-
>2-$,$,0#&!"#,-&/("#'*#2$*"#$,#&!"#>-%&#-,3#5',,"5&$',%#."&="",#>-%&#-,3#>("%",&:
MD@#P'/# *'/,3"3# -,3# !-7"# ."",# "3$&$,0# The Journal of Social History# %$,5"#
IJSK:#?&#!-%#2',0#."",#-,#$,%&$&/&$',-2#>'="(#.-%"#'*#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%:#<+#
?#5'(("5&#$,#&!$,8$,0#&!-&#$&#=-%#)'/(#"3$&'($-2#3"5$%$',#&'#5!-+>$',#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#
"+'&$',%4*('+#-#IJ`f#-/&'.$'0(->!$5-2#("c"5&$',#.)# !"'3'("#m"23$,#&'#-#fLLK#
$%%/"#',#&!"#V$%&'()#'*#&!"#E",%"%Y
DE@#P"%6#?F7"#&($"3#&'#/%"#The Journal of Social History#&'#*'("0('/,3#-,3#",-
5'/(-0"#='(8#',#"+'&$',#-,3#&!"#%",%"%6#b/%&#-%#?F7"#-2%'#&($"3#&'#/%"#$&#&'#",5'/(-
-0"#'&!"(#[-&#',"#&$+"\#,"=#1"23%#2$8"#&!"#%'5$-2#!$%&'()#'*#0",3"(6#'*#5!$23!''36#
-,3#%'#',:#?#+-)#!-7"#-#>-(&$5/2-(#%'*&#%>'&#*'(#&!"#"+'&$',%#='(86#-,3#="F7"#!-3#
%'+"#7"()#0''3#-(&$52"%6#./&#$&F%#>-(&#'*#-#2-(0"(#>'2$5)#'*#>('+'&$,0#&!"#&'>$5-2#
-,3#+"&!'3'2'0$5-2#(-,0"#'*#&!"#1"23#-%#-#=!'2":
MD@# e"%>$&"# )'/(# >('+$,",5"# =$&!$,# &!"#<+"($5-,# !$%&'($5-2# >('*"%%$',6# 3"-
%>$&"#)'/(#"**'(&%#-&#$,%&$&/&$',-2$H-&$',#-,3#>('*"%%$',-2$H-&$',49 !"#V$%&'()#'*#
]+'&$',%;#%"($"%#-&#_"=#P'(8#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#)'/(#IJ`d -(&$52"#$,#The Ameri-
can Historical Review6#)'/(#+','0(->!%6#(-,0$,0#*('+#Anger: The Struggle for
Emotional Control in America’s History in 1986 to American Fear: The Causes
and Consequences of High Anxiety#$,#fLLS4)'/(#%>',%'(%!$>#'*#&!"#!$%&'()#'*#
emotions seems to have been avant la lettre:#?&#->>"-(%#&!-&#&!$%#%/.1"23#'*#!$%&'()#
",&"("3#$&%#&-8"G'**#>!-%"#',2)#-*&"(#JtII:#A!)Y
DE@#P"%6#+)#='(8#',#"+'&$',#=-%#-#.$&#-!"-3#'*#=$3"(#$,&"("%&6#&!'/0!#&!"("#
!-3#-2("-3)#."",#$+>'(&-,&#W(",5!#='(8#[e"2/+"-/#',#*"-(6#+'%&#,'&-.2)\6#-,3#
&!"# e/&5!# ='(8# 3"($7$,0# *('+# ]2$-%:# ?# 3',F&# 8,'=# $*# JtII# =-%# -# 7$&-2# &/(,$,0#
>'$,&#!"("6#./&#5"(&-$,2)#&!"("#-("#+'("#>"'>2"#='(8$,0#$,#&!"#1"234="#!-7"#-,#
$,&"("%&$,0#>-,"2#5'+$,0#/>#$,#M-,/-()#-&#&!"#<+"($5-,#V$%&'($5-2#<%%'5$-&$',#',#
=!"("#&!"#1"23#$%#!"-3$,06#-,3#?#&!$,8#&!$%#."&'8",%#-#0('=$,0#("5'0,$&$',6#$,#&!"#
Q,$&"3#E&-&"%6#./&#-2%'#$,#&!"#QU#=$&!#&!"#='(8#-&#z/"",#Z-()#Q,$7"(%$&)#-,3#
"2%"=!"("6# &!"# $,&"("%&# '*# &!"# ]$,%&"$,# W'(/+# $,# D'&%3-+6# -,3# +'("# .('-32):# ?#
%$+>2)#&!$,8#$&#&''8#&$+"#&'#0-$,#+'+",&/+#-,3#-33#5'++$&+",&%#*('+#)'/,0"(#
%5!'2-(%:
MD@#A!",#-,3#=!)#=-%#9 !"#V$%&'()#'*#]+'&$',%;#%"($"%#-&#_"=#P'(8#Q,$7"(-
%$&)#D("%%#3$%5',&$,/"3Y
264 JAN PLAMPER
DE@# ?&# =-%# -# 0''3# %"($"%# ./&# -&# &!"# &$+"# ="# b/%&# 5'/23,F&# 1,3# -# %/*15$",&2)#
%&"-3)#%&("-+#'*#-/&!'(%:#<,'&!"(#/,$7"(%$&)#>("%%#$%#$,^/$($,0#,'=6#-,3#?#!'>"#
&!")F22#b/+>#$,6#-,3#'*#5'/(%"#&!"#z/"",#Z-()#>('b"5&#%>',%'(%#>/.2$5-&$',%:
MD@#Z-)#?#-%8#)'/#&'#&"22#'/(#("-3"(%#=!-&#American Fear#$%#-.'/&#-,3#=!-&#
>('+>&"3#$&4=!)#3$3#)'/#=($&"#$&Y62
DE@#?#!-3#$,52/3"3#*"-(#$,#+)#.''8#',#<+"($5-,#R''2#-%#="22#-%#$,#-#%">-(-&"#
-(&$52":63#C/&#?#=-,&"3#&'#.('-3",#&!"#3$%5/%%$',#=!",#$&#."5-+"#52"-(#[-&#2"-%&#&'#
+"\#&!-&#<+"($5-,#>'%&GJtII#("-5&$',%#="("#"O5"%%$7"#-,3#"O5"%%$7"2)#+-,$>/-
2-&"3:#V"("#=-%#-#5!-,5"#&'#3"">",#&!"#("%"-(5!#./&#-2%'#->>2)#$&#&'#-#7$&-2#5',&"+-
>'(-()#$%%/":#?#."2$"7"#&!-&#!$%&'($5-22)#$,*'(+"3#3$%5/%%$',%#-.'/&#5',&"+>'(-()#
*"-(#!-7"#>2-)"3#%'+"#('2"#$,#$+>('7$,0#>/.2$5#5',7"(%-&$',#$,#&!"#Q,$&"3#E&-&"%6#
-%#=$&,"%%#&!"#5/((",&#=$22$,0,"%%#&'#("5',%$3"(#*"-(G."0"&&$,0#5'2'(G5'3$,0#-,3#
'&!"(#$%%/"%6#&!'/0!#="F("#,'&#'/&#'*#&!"#=''3%#)"&:#
MD@# A!-&# 3'# )'/# &!$,8# '*# &!"# 3">2')+",&# '*# 2$*"G%5$",5"# "+'&$',%# ("%"-(5!#
.)# '&!"(# !$%&'($-,%Y# A!-&# $%# )'/(# '>$,$',# '*# %/5!# 9>'>/2-($H"(%;# -%# <,&',$'#
e-+-%$'6#'*#&!"#>!",'+",',#'*#>'>/2-($H$,0#$,#0","(-2Y
DE@# A$22$-+# B"33)# -,3# '&!"(%# !-7"# +'%&# /%"*/22)# $,5'(>'(-&"3# 2$*"G%5$",5"#
1,3$,0%6#-,3#'*#5'/(%"#="#,""3#&'#/%"#&!"+#&'#!"2>#0/$3"#!$%&'($5-2#='(86#-+',0#
'&!"(#&!$,0%#&'#-7'$3#+-8$,0#&''#%="">$,0#52-$+%#-.'/&#&!"#('2"#'*#5/2&/("#-,3#
5',&$,0",&#5!-,0"#-%#-0-$,%&#.$'2'0$5-2#.-%$5%:#?#&!$,8#e-+-%$'#$%#$,&"("%&$,0#-,3#
?#-+#",&$("2)#%/>>'(&$7"#'*#("%>',%$.2"#>'>/2-($H-&$',#"**'(&%4&!"#1,3$,0%#'*#&!"#
1"23#("-22)#5-,#!"2>#-#0","(-2#>/.2$5#&!$,8#-.'/&#"+'&$',%#$%%/"%#-,3#("%>',%"%6#
$,52/3$,0#>('.2"+#-("-%:# !-&F%#."",#',"#'*#+)#0'-2%#$,#=($&$,0#-.'/&#*"-(:#
MD@#A!-&6#$,#)'/(#"%&$+-&$',6#-("#&!"#+-$,#-("-%#$,#=!$5!#&!"'()G./$23$,0#$%#
,"5"%%-()Y
DE@#?#='/23#2$8"#&'#%""#+'("#!$%&'($5-22)#$,*'(+"3#&!"'()#-.'/&6#*'(#"O-+>2"6#
=!"&!"(#&!"("#-("#-,)#0","(-2$H-&$',%#>'%%$.2"#-.'/&#&!"#2-0#&$+"#."&="",#$,&('-
3/5&$',#'*#-#,"=#"+'&$',-2#%&-,3-(342$8"#&!"#,'&$',#>-(",&%#%!'/23#,'&#/%"#*"-(#
&'#3$%5$>2$,"#5!$23(",6#=!$5!#."0-,#&'#",&"(#<+"($5-,#+-,/-2%#$,#&!"#I`fL%6#-,3#
=$3"#-55">&-,5":#?#-+#$,&"("%&"3#$,#='(8#',#"O$%&$,0#*'(+/2-%6#2$8"#]2$-%6#&!'/0!#
?#&!$,8#$&#5-,#."#>/%!"3#&''#*-(:#?#='/23,F&#52-$+#&!-&#*'(+-2#&!"'()#$%#+)#+-$,#
$,&"("%&g#?#&!$,8#C$22#B"33)#-+',0#'&!"(%#3'"%#."&&"(#!"(":
MD@#Z'("#0","(-22)6#$,#=!$5!#3$("5&$',#%!'/23#&!"#*/&/("#!$%&'()#'*#"+'&$',%#
+'7"Y
DE@# W/&/("# 3$("5&$',%@# +'%&# '.7$'/%2)6# &'# +"6# +'("# 5'/(-0"'/%# 5'+>-(-&$7"#
='(8:#A"#!-7"#%/(>($%$,02)#2$&&2":#?#!-7"#=-,&"3#-#5'22"5&$7"#5'++$&+",&#&'#='(8#
',# 5',&"+>'(-()# *"-(6# &'# %""# !'=# $&# 7-($"%# -+',0# +-b'(# %'5$"&$"%6# &'# %""# !'=#
+/5!#*"-(#$%#9,'(+-26;#&'#-%8#=!"&!"(#*"-(#!-%#%'+"!'=#5!-,0"3#$,#5',&"+>'(--
()#5',3$&$',%#[-%#C'/(8"#%""+%#&'#52-$+\#'(#=!"&!"(#&!"#$%%/"#$%#+'("#*'5/%"3#',#
>-(&$5/2-(#("0$',%:#A"#-2%'#52"-(2)#,""3#&'#&-582"#%'+"#-33$&$',-2#&'>$5-2#-("-%6#
62. See Peter N. Stearns, American Fear: The Causes and Consequences of High Anxiety (New
P'(8@#B'/&2"30"6#fLLS\:
63. Peter N. Stearns, American Cool: Constructing a Twentieth-Century Emotional Style (New
P'(8@#_"=#P'(8#Q,$7"(%$&)#D("%%6#IJJa\g#D"&"(#_:#E&"-(,%#-,3# $+'&!)#V-00"(&)6#9 !"#B'2"#'*#W"-(@#
(-,%$&$',%#$,#<+"($5-,#]+'&$',-2#E&-,3-(3%#*'(#R!$23(",6#I`dLXIJdL6;#American Historical Review
96, no. 1 (1991), 63-94.
2$8"#b')6#-,3#&'#='(8#!-(3"(#&'#./$23#$,&"(3$%5$>2$,-()#.($30"%:#?#&!$,8#&!"("F%#-#
("-2#&",%$',#."&="",#=($&$,0#',#*-$(2)#2$+$&"3#!$%&'($5-2#&'>$5%#./&#*(-+$,0#&!"+#
$,#=-)%#&!-&#-&&(-5&6#%-)6#'&!"(#!$%&'($-,%#'*#&!"#B",-$%%-,5"#'(#&!"#],2$0!&",+",&6#
'(# =($&$,0# 3$("5&2)# &'# -,# -/3$",5"# '*# "+'&$',%# %5!'2-(%6# -,3# ?# >("*"(# &!"# 2-&&"(#
=$&!'/&#",&$("2)#$0,'($,0#&!"#*'(+"(#[>2/%#&!"#%">-(-&"#$%%/"%#'*#&()$,0#&'#("-5!#-#
=$3"(#>/.2$5\:
MD@#A!-&#-("#)'/#5/((",&2)#='(8$,0#',#$,#&!"#1"23#'*#"+'&$',%#!$%&'()Y
DE@#E&$22#3'$,0#%'+"#='(8#',#*"-(6#./&#"%>"5$-22)#='(8#',#5!-,0"%#$,#!->>$-
,"%%6#$,52/3$,0#&!"#-37",&#'*#&!"#!$%&'($5-22)#,'7"2#$3"-#&!-&#5!$23(",#%!'/23#."#
!->>)6#-,3#=!-&#&!$%#!-%#+"-,&g#-2%'#2'&%#'*#$,&"("%&#$,#&!"#$,5("-%$,0#('2"#'*#&!"#
+"3$-#$,#0/$3$,0#>/.2$5#"+'&$',%#("%>',%"%:# !"#($%"#'*#>/.2$5#0($"*6#0/$3"3#.)#
&!"#+"3$-6#',#'55-%$',%#%/5!#-%#&!"#k$(0$,$-# "5!#%2-)$,0%#-#5'/>2"#'*#)"-(%#.-58#
[=!$5!#5-,#%'#$,&"("%&$,02)#."#5'+>-("3#=$&!#-#%$+$2-(#&(-0"3)#$,# "O-%#*'(&)G',"#
)"-(%#."*'("6#=!",#&!"#>/.2$5#0($"*#=-%#,'&'($'/%2)#+$%%$,0#%-7"#2'5-22)\6#'**"(%#
-,#'55-%$',#&'#2''8#-&#,'&#',2)#=!)6#./&#-2%'#!'=#+"3$-#(">("%",&-&$',%#5-&5!#
',6#'*&",#=$&!#>"'>2"#=!'#3',F&#"O>("%%#"+'&$',#$,#&!"#%-+"#=-)#-&#-22#$,#+'("#
>($7-&"#%"&&$,0%#'(#>"(%',-2#("2-&$',%!$>%:# !-,8%#*'(#&!"#'>>'(&/,$&)#&'#5'++",&g#
$&F%#-#7"()#"O5$&$,0#1"23:
Max Planck Institute for Human Development

Berlin

RM Plamper Interview PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

RM Plamper Interview PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Jan Plamper

The History of Emotions:

THE HISTORY OF EMOTIONS: AN INTERVIEW WITH

IL:#B"33)6#The Navigation of Feeling, 129.

If:#E""#N$2-#<./GN/0!'36#Veiled Sentiments: Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society#[C"(8"2")@#

3$**"(",&# 0'-2# '($",&-&$',%# '*# "+'&$',%# 9"+'&$',-2# ,-7$0-&$',6;# &!"# -7-$2-.$2$&)#

18. Barbara H. Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages#[?&!-5-6#_P@#R'(,"22#

II. BARBARA H. ROSENWEIN

fh:#E""#M'!-,#V/$H$,0-6#Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen: Studie over levens- en gedachtervormen der

26. Robert C. Solomon, The Passions [T-(3",#R$&)6#_P@#<,5!'(#D("%%te'/.2"3-)6#IJKS\6#IhJG

34. Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History,” 35.

III. PETER N. STEARNS

Max Planck Institute for Human Development

You might also like