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APPENDIX

NERACA ENERGI

Data-data perencanaan produksi :


1. Kapasitas produksi Na2SO4.10 H2O = 77150 ton/tahun
2. Hari kerja = 330 hari
3. Jam kerja = 24 jam
4. Jumlah produksi = 10000 kg/jam
5. Basis perhitungan = 1 jam operasi
6. Yield = 98 %
7. Suhu (Tref) = 25 C
T = 30 C

No Senyawa Heat Capacity Satuan


1 NaCl (s) 10,79+0,042T cal/K.mol
2 H2SO4 98% 0.34 cal/g.oC
3 HCl (g) 6,7+0,0084T cal/K.mol
4 Na2SO4 (s) 32.8 cal/K.mol
5 Na2SO4.10H2O 161 cal/K.mol
6 CaSO4 (s) 18,52+0,02197T-156800/T2 cal/K.mol
7 MgSO4 (s) 26.7 cal/K.mol
8 Na2CO3 (s) 28.9 cal/K.mol
9 Ca(OH)2 (s) 21.4 cal/K.mol
10 Mg(OH)2 (s) 18.2 cal/K.mol
11 CaCl2 (s) 16,9+0,00386T cal/K.mol
12 CaCO3 (s) 19,68+0,01189T-307600/T2 cal/K.mol
13 SO3 (g) 19,21+0,137T-1,17T2 x 10-4 J/oC.mol
14 H2O (l) 1 cal/g.oC
15 H2O (g) 8,22+0,00015T+0,00000134T2 cal/K.mol
16 O2 8,27+0,000258T-187700/T2+3,7T3x10-8 cal/K.mol
17 Impurities 0.3 cal/K.g
18 NaCl (l) 15.9 cal/K.mol
19 Udara kering 1.0048 Kj/kg. K
20 N2 (g) 6.50 + 0,00100T cal/K.mol
21 CO2 (g) 10.34 + 0,00274T − 195500/T2 cal/K.mol
22 NO2 (g) 16,108 + 79,895T - 54,387T2 J/K.mol
23 SO2 (g) 7.70 + 0.00530T − 0.00000083T2 cal/K.mol
(Perry's Chemical Engineers Handbook, edisi 8. Tabel 2-151 hal 2-157 sampai 2-163)
Rumus untuk mencari enthalpi suatu zat :
Hi = ∫_�𝑟𝑒𝑓^�▒ 〖� . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑑� 〗

Cp = a + bT + cT2
Cp avg= {a (T-Tref) + b/2 (T2-Tref2) + c/3 (T3-Tref3) +.......}

Maka Hi = m x Cp x (T-Tref)

(Himmelblau,david 5th Ed, hal 386)

1. FURNACE (Q-110)

<1>
Common salt
T (Celcius)= 30

<2> FURNACE <4>


H2SO4
T (celcius)= 30 T(celcius) 800

<3> Qloss

T(celcius)= 800

Menghitung Entalpi yang masuk ke furnace


Hi = Contoh
∫ � perhitungan
_ �▒ 〖� . H𝐶𝑝
𝑟𝑒𝑓^ . 𝑑� 〗
NaCl

(Himmelblau,david 5th Ed, hal 386)


Hi = ∫_298,15^303,15
∫_298,15^303,15
63.341 x 10,79+0,042T dT
Hi = 63.341 x {(10,79T + 0,5 x 0,042T2 }
Hi = 63.341 x {(10,79(303,15-298,15) + 0,5 x 0,042(303,15 -298,152)
2

Hi = 7416.380 kcal

Aliran <1>
Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
NaCl 3701.83984 63.341030324 303.15 298.15 117.0865 7416.38
CaCl2 27.4618326 0.2474351049 303.15 298.15 90.302545 22.34402
CaSO4 15.5351169 0.1141096568 303.15 298.15 116.952317 13.34539
MgSO4 1.51932684 0.011653603 303.15 298.15 133.5 1.555756
H2O 0 303.15 298.15
Impurities 28.0315801 303.15 298.15 1.5 42.04737
H2SO4 0 303.15 298.15
TOTAL 7495.672
Aliran <2>
Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
NaCl 0 303.15 298.15
CaCl2 0 303.15 298.15
CaSO4 0 303.15 298.15
MgSO4 0 303.15 298.15
H2O 23.9293977 431.08809889 303.15 298.15 5 2155.44
Impurities 0 303.15 298.15
H2SO4 3106.18079 304647.99914 303.15 298.15 1.7 517901.6
TOTAL 520057

Total Entalpi masuk 527552.7


Menghitung Entalpi yang keluar

Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)


NaCl 74.0367967 1.2668206065 1073.15 298.15 10594.0408 13420.75
CaCl2 27.4618326 0.2474351049 1073.15 298.15 15148.622 3748.301
CaSO4 15.5351169 0.1141096568 1073.15 298.15 25647.5933 2926.638
MgSO4 1.51932684 0.011653603 1073.15 298.15 20692.5 241.1422
Na2SO4 4408.54141 31.037104859 1073.15 298.15 25420 788963.2
Impurities 28.0315801 0 1073.15 298.15 232.5 6517.342
H2 O 98.7317289 5.4805289419 1073.15 298.15 6990.40129 38311.1
SO3 50.72033 0.6334103032 1073.15 298.15 40520.4048 25666.04
HCl 2263.28776 62.074209718 1073.15 298.15 5638.85815 350027.7
TOTAL 1229822

Asumsi Qloss = 10% Hin


52755.2711
SEHINGGA
Hin + Qin = Hout + Qloss
527552.711107 + Qin = 1229822 + 52755.27
Qin = 755024.7 kcal
(Himmelblau,david 5th Ed, hal 439)

Menghitung kebutuhan bahan bakar pada furnace

Udara

Produk
Fuel

Qloss

bahan bakar menggunakan metana


Cp metana = 3.923
Cp CO2 = 1.168
Cp H2O = 417.9
Tref = 25 C 298.15 K
T = 800 C 1073.15 K

Reaksi pembakaran bahan baku


CH4 + 2O2 `--> CO2 + 2H2O
100 mol 33.33333 66.6666667
mol mol

Cp campuran CO2 dan 2H2O


CP campuran = (Cp CO2 x Konstanta) + (Cp H2O x fraksi)
= 1.168 + 835.8
= 836.968

in = Out
Hin = Hout + Q+Qloss
Hf + Hudara = Hp + Q + Qloss
0+ 0= mp.Cp.∆T Q+ 0
Q = 64865020

Qbahan baku-Qin = 64109995.26 kcal


maka kebutuhan bahan baku
Q= m.Cpmetana.∆T
m= Q/Cpmetana.∆T
m= 21086.5599 Kg

NERACA ENERGI FURNACE

Komponen Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)


Entalpi masuk furnace 527552.71111
Entalpi keluar furnace 1229822.179975
Total panas hilang (Qloss) 52755.27111074
Panas masuk (Qin) 755024.73998
Total 1282577.4511 1282577.451086
2. REAKTOR (R210)
<3> Dari furnace (Q-110) <7> H2O Qloss
T= 800 C

<5> Na2CO3

R-210
<6> Ca(OH)2 <8 >Ke filter press (H-217)
Qin

Entalpi masuk ke reaktor <3>, <5>, <6>


Komponen BM Massa (kg)Mol (kgmolT (K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
NaCl 58.443 74.0368 1.266821 1073.15 298.15 10594.0408 13420.7491
CaCl2 110.986 27.46183 0.247435 1073.15 298.15 15148.622 3748.30087
CaSO4 136.142 15.53512 0.11411 1073.15 298.15 25647.5933 2926.63807
MgSO4 130.374 1.519327 0.011654 1073.15 298.15 20692.5 241.14218
Na2SO4 142.041 4408.541 31.0371 1073.15 298.15 25420 788963.206
Na2CO3 105.909 39.52507 0.373198 303.15 298.15 144.5 53.9271637
Ca(OH)2 74.015 0.862541 0.011654 303.15 298.15 107.4 1.25159696
H2O 18.015 8051.43 446.9292 303.15 298.15 5 2234.64608
TOTAL 811589.861

Entalpi keluar ke filter press <8>


Komponen BM Massa (kg)Mol (kgmolT (K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
NaCl 58.443 102.9585 1.761691 311.15 298.15 306.6089 540.150083
Na2SO4 142.041 4426.405 31.16287 311.15 298.15 426.4 13287.847
H2O 18.015 8051.43 446.9292 311.15 298.15 13 5810.0798
CaCO3 100.125 37.36649 0.373198 311.15 298.15 259.825007 96.9662677
Mg(OH)2 58.347 0.679953 0.011654 311.15 298.15 237.64 2.76936221
Impurities 28.03158 311.15 298.15 3.9 109.323162
TOTAL 19847.1356

Qloss = 10%Hin NERACA ENERGI REAKTOR


= 81158.99 kcal Komponen Masuk (kcal)Keluar(kcal)
Entalpi masuk ke reaktor 811589.861
Qin = Hout+Qloss - Hin Entalpi keluar ke filterpress 19847.1356
= -710584 kcal Qin -710583.74
Qloss 81158.9861
TOTAL 101006.122 101006.122
3. FILTER PRESS (H-312)

<8> Dari reaktor pencampur (R-210) <9> Ke Cristallizer


H-217
T= 38 C T= 37 C

<10> Ke waste
T= 37 C

Entalpi yang masuk ke filter press <8>


KomponenBM Massa (kg)Mol (kgmolT (K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
NaCl 58.443 102.9585 1.761691 311.15 298.15 306.6089 540.1501
Na2SO4 142.041 4426.405 31.16287 311.15 298.15 426.4 13287.85
H2O 18.015 8051.43 446.9292 311.15 298.15 13 5810.08
CaCO3 100.125 37.36649 0.373198 311.15 298.15 259.8250071 96.96627
Mg(OH)2 58.347 0.679953 0.011654 311.15 298.15 237.64 2.769362
Impurities 28.03158 311.15 298.15 3.9 109.3232
TOTAL 19847.14

Entalpi keluar ke cristallizer <9>


KomponenBM Massa (kg)Mol (kgmolT (K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
NaCl 58.443 102.9585 1.761691 310.15 298.15 282.7716 498.1561
Na2SO4 142.041 4426.405 31.16287 310.15 298.15 393.6 12265.7
H2O 18.015 7890.401 437.9906 310.15 298.15 12 5255.888
Impurities 28.03158 310.15 298.15 3.6 100.9137
TOTAL 18120.66

Entalpi keluar ke Waste <10>


KomponenBM Massa (kg)Mol (kgmolT (K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
CaCO3 100.125 37.36649 0.373198 310.15 298.15 239.6388385 89.43282
H2O 18.015 161.0286 8.938584 310.15 298.15 12 107.263
Mg(OH)2 58.347 0.679953 0.011654 310.15 298.15 218.4 2.545147
TOTAL 199.241

Qloss= 10%Hin NERACA ENERGI FILTER PRESS


= 1984.714 Komponen Masuk (kcal) Keluar(kcal)
entalpi masuk ke filter 19847.14
Qin = Hout+Qloss - Hin Entalpi keluar 18319.9
= 457.4812 Qloss 1984.714
Qin 457.48
TOTAL 20304.62 20304.62
4. CRISTALLIZER (B-310)
Asumsi
Brine in T = 20

<9> Dari filter press (H-217) <11> Ke centrifuge (H-314)


T= 37 C B-310 T= 26 C

Asumsi
Brine OutT= 30

Entalpi yang masuk <9>


Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 102.9584964 1.7616908163 310.15 298.15 282.7716 498.1561
Na2SO4 4426.40495 31.162868119 310.15 298.15 393.6 12265.7
CaCO3 0 310.15 298.15
H2O 7890.401225 437.99063139 310.15 298.15 12 5255.888
Mg(OH)2 0 310.15 298.15
Na2SO4.10H2O 0 310.15 298.15
Impurities 28.03158012 310.15 298.15 3.6 100.9137
TOTAL 18120.66

Entalpi yang keluar <11>


Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 102.9584964 1.7616908163 299.15 298.15 12.04433 21.21839
Na2SO4 88.52809901 0.6232573624 299.15 298.15 32.8 20.44284
CaCO3 299.15 298.15 0
H2O 2388.690347 132.59452383 299.15 298.15 1 132.5945
Mg(OH)2 299.15 298.15 0
Na2SO4.10H2O 9839.709888 30.539610756 299.15 298.15 161 4916.877
Impurities 28.03158012 299.15 298.15 0.3 8.409474
TOTAL 5099.543

Mencari Qloss
Qloss= 10%Hin
Qloss = 0,1*18120,66
= 1812.0662288
Mencari ∆h brine
∆H <9> + ∆H brine masuk = ∆H <11> + ∆H brine keluar + Qloss
∆Hbrine masu- ∆Hbrine kelua= -11209.1
∆Hbrine = -11209.1
Mencari jumlah besar kebutuhan Brine

Cp Brine = 0.982635 + 1.08113 x 10-4T Btu/lboF


= 0.54627276 + 0.601028733 x 10-4T cal/goF
(Wilson, J.V, Approximations for physical properties of sea salt solution, 1973)

Tin brine = 20 C 68 F
Tout brine = 30 C 86 F
∆Hbrine = ∫_�𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟^��𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘▒ 〖������ . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑑� 〗

68
-11209.054 = mbrine ∫ 0.546273 + 0.601029 x 10-4T dT
86
-11209.054 = -9.9162123 mbrine
mbrine = 1130.37652 kg

Mencari Entalpi dari Brine


Entalpi Masuk
Tref= 25 C 77 F
Tin Brine 20 C 68 F

∆Hbrine masuk = ∫_�𝑟𝑒𝑓^��𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘▒ 〖������ . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑑� 〗


68
∆Hbrine masuk = 1130.37652 ∫ 0.54627276 + 0.601029 x 10-4T dT
77
∆Hbrine masuk = 1130.37652 x -4.95567196
∆Hbrine masuk = -5601.77523 kcal -11209.1

Entalpi Keluar Tref= 25 C 77 F


Tin Brine 30 C 86 F

86
∆Hbrine keluar = 1130.37652 ∫ 0.54627276 + 0.601029 x 10-4T dT
77
= 1130.37652 x 4.960540295
∆Hbrine keluar = 5607.278276 kcal
NERACA ENERGI CRYSTALLIZER

Komponen Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)


Enthalpy dari Filter Press 18120.662288
∆H brine masuk 5607.2782756
Enthalpy keluar ke Centrifuge 5099.542557
∆H brine keluar 5607.278276
Qin -11209.0535
Total panas hilang (Qloss) 1812.066229
TOTAL 12518.89 12518.88706
5. CENTRIFUGE

<11> Dari crystallizer (X-310) <13> Ke waste


H-314
T= 26 C

<12> Ke rotary dryer (B-320)

Entalpi masuk Centrifuge <11>


Komponen Massa(Kg)Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 102.9585 1.76169082 299.15 298.15 12.04433 21.2183855
Na2SO4 88.5281 0.62325736 299.15 298.15 32.8 20.4428415
CaCO3 299.15 298.15 0
H2O 2388.69 132.594524 299.15 298.15 1 132.594524
Mg(OH)2 299.15 298.15 0
Na2SO4.10H 9839.71 30.5396108 299.15 298.15 161 4916.87733
Impurities 28.03158 299.15 298.15 0.3 8.40947404
TOTAL 5099.54256

Entalpi keluar Centrifuge <12>


Komponen Massa(Kg)Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 19.42103 0.33230714 303.15 298.15 60.26365 20.0260415
Na2SO4 16.69903 0.11756483 303.15 298.15 164 19.2806315
CaCO3 0 303.15 298.15 0
H2O 450.5779 25.0112603 303.15 298.15 5 125.056302
Mg(OH)2 0 303.15 298.15 0
Na2SO4.10H 9741.313 30.2342146 303.15 298.15 805 24338.5428
Impurities 5.287588 303.15 298.15 1.5 7.93138126
TOTAL 24510.8371

Entalpi keluar centrifuge <13>


Komponen Massa(Kg)Mol(kgmol) T(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 83.53747 1.42938367 303.15 298.15 60.26365 86.1398773
Na2SO4 71.82907 0.50569254 303.15 298.15 164 82.9335759
CaCO3 0 303.15 298.15
H2O 1938.112 107.583263 303.15 298.15 5 537.916317
Mg(OH)2 0 303.15 298.15
Na2SO4.10H 98.3971 0.30539611 303.15 298.15 805 245.843867
Impurities 22.74399 303.15 298.15 1.5 34.1159889
TOTAL 986.949626
Qloss = 10% x Enthalpy masuk NERACA ENERGI CENTRIFUGE
509.9543 kcal
Komponen Masuk(kcal) Keluar(kcal)
∆Hin + Qin = ∆Hout + Qloss Entalpi masuk 5099.54256
Qin= 20908.2 kcal Entalpi keluar 25497.78677
Qin 20908.1985
Qloss 509.9542557
TOTAL 26007.741 26007.74103
6. COOLER (B-116)

Udara masuk
T= 30 C

<4> Dari furnace B-116 <x>


T out = 225 C
800 C

Udara keluar
T out = 165 C

Entalpi masuk dari furnace


Komponen Massa (kg)Mol (kgmol) T in (C) T in (K) Tref (C) Tref (K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
SO3 (g) 50.72033 0.633410303 800 1073 25 298 38717.55 24524.09
H2O (g) 98.73173 5.480528942 800 1073 25 298 6990.17 38309.83
HCl (g) 2263.288 62.07420972 800 1073 25 298 9655.105 599333
TOTAL 662166.9

Entalpi keluar
Komponen Massa (kg)Mol (kgmol) T out (C) T in (K) Tref (C) Tref (K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
SO3 (g) 50.72033 0.633410303 225 498 25 298 6823.375 4321.996
H2O (g) 98.73173 5.480528942 225 498 25 298 1699.286 9312.984
HCl (g) 2263.288 62.07420972 225 498 25 298 2008.64 124684.7
TOTAL 138319.7

Mencari massa UK

H udara pendingin = H <4> - H<x>


523847.2 kcal
2182697 kJ
H udara pendingin = m.Cp.delT
massa UK = 16090.89 kg

Mencari ∆H UK in
T ref = 298 K
T in = 303 K
Tin
  m
Tref
 Cp  dT
303

∆H = 16090.89 x (  dT
298
1.0048 )

∆H = 80840.62 kJ
19401.75 kcal

Mencari ∆H UK out
T ref = 298 K
T in = 438 K
Tin
  m
Tref
 Cp  dT
303

∆H = 16090.89 x (  dT
298
1.0048 )

∆H = 2263537 kJ
543249 kcal

Neraca Energi Cooler


Komponen Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
Enthalphy masuk dari furnace 662166.936
Enthalphy masuk udara pendingin 19401.7487
Enthalphy keluar menuju sub-cooler 138319.72058
Enthalphy keluar udara pendingin 543248.96428
TOTAL 681568.685 681568.68486
7. SUBCOOLER
Air masuk T didih SO3 45 C
T in = 30 C
Maka jika ingin
mengkondensasikan, harus
dibawah titik didih
<x> dari cooler Subcooler
T out = 45 C
T in 225 C

Air keluar
t out = 44 C

Menghitung entalpi masuk


Komponen Massa (kg)Mol (kgmol) T in (C) T in (K) Tref (C) Tref (K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
SO3 (g) 50.72033 0.633410303 225 498 25 298 6823.375 4321.996
H2O (g) 98.73173 5.480528942 225 498 25 298 1699.286 9312.984
HCl (g) 2263.288 62.07420972 225 498 25 298 2008.64 124684.7
TOTAL 138319.7

Menghitung entalpi keluar


Komponen Massa (kg)Mol (kgmol) T out (C) T in (K) Tref (C) Tref (K) Cp.dT H (kcal)
SO3 (g) 50.72033 0.633410303 45 318 25 298 477.1555 302.2352
H2O (g) 98.73173 5.480528942 45 318 25 298 167.8672 920.0013
HCl (g) 2263.288 62.07420972 45 318 25 298 185.744 11529.91
TOTAL 12752.15

Mencari massa UK
H udara pendingin = H<x> - H out
= 125567.6 kcal
= 523198.2 kJ

H udara pendingin = m.Cp.delT


Massa UK = 37371.3 kg

Mencari ∆H UK in
T ref = 298 K
T in = 303 K
Tin
  m
Tref
 Cp  dT
303

∆H = 37371.3 x ( 1  dT
298
)
37371.3 x 5
∆H = 186856.5 kJ
44845.56 kcal
∆H UK in
T ref = 298 K
T in = 317 K
Tin
  m
Tref
 Cp  dT
317

∆H = 37371.3 x ( 1  dT )
37371.3 x 19 298

∆H = 710054.7 kJ
170413.1 kcal

Neraca Energi Cooler


Komponen Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
Enthalphy masuk dari furnace <4> 138319.721
Enthalphy masuk udara pendingin 44845.5614
Enthalphy keluar menuju sub-cooler 12752.14853
Enthalphy keluar udara pendingin 170413.1335
TOTAL 183165.282 183165.282
8. ROTARY DRYER
<14> Udara masuk (110˚C)

T = 110 C

<12> Dari centrifuge (H-314) <15> Ke storage (F-329)


B-320
T= 30 C

<16> komponen keluar ke Cyclone

Entalpi masuk <12>


Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmolT(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 19.4210265 0.332307 303.15 298.15 60.26365 20.02604
Na2SO4 16.6990255 0.117565 303.15 298.15 164 19.28063
H2O 450.577855 25.01126 303.15 298.15 5 125.0563
Na2SO4.10H2O 9741.31279 30.23421 303.15 298.15 805 24338.54
Impurities 5.28758751 303.15 298.15 1.5 7.931381
TOTAL 24510.84

Entalpi keluar ke Cyclone <16>


Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmolT(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 0.09710513 0.001662 343.15 298.15 546.1529 0.907452
Na2SO4 0.08349513 0.000588 343.15 298.15 1476 0.867628
H2O 428.048962 23.7607 343.15 298.15 45 1069.231
Na2SO4.10H2O 48.7065639 0.151171 343.15 298.15 7245 1095.234
Impurities 0 343.15 298.15 0 0
TOTAL 2166.241

Entalpi keluar ke storage <15>


Komponen Massa(Kg) Mol(kgmolT(K) Tref(K) Cp.dT H(kcal)
NaCl 19.3239213 0.330646 343.15 298.15 546.1529 180.583
Na2SO4 16.6155303 0.116977 343.15 298.15 1476 172.6581
H2O 22.5288927 1.250563 343.15 298.15 45 56.27534
Na2SO4.10H2O 9692.60622 30.08304 343.15 298.15 7245 217951.7
Impurities 5.28758751 343.15 298.15 13.5 71.38243
TOTAL 218432.5

Menghitung udara pemanas yang masuk


Humidity 0.05
dry bulb 110 C
dengan data tersebut diplot di grafik Psychrometric chart didapatkan
Relative Humidity = 0.08
Twet bulb = 48 C
mencari Tudaraout dengan rumus NTU NTU optimal berdasarkan literatur dengan 1,5-2 ( Banchero, 1988 )

NTU = ln ( Tudara in - Twet bulb)


(Tudara out - Twet bulb) (Himmelblau 6th Ed, hal 494)

1.5 = ln 62
Tudara out - 48

Tudara out = 61.8340699 C

Panas laten air (λ0) = 2501 kj/kg (Geankoplis, 1993 hal 562

Humid heat (Cs) = 1.005 + 1,88 H


(Geankoplis, 1993 hal 562

H2 masuk = 0.05 (dari NM)


Humid heat (Cs) = 1.099 kJ/kg udara kering

Sehingga Entalpi Udara masuk


HG2 = [ Cs (TG1 - T0) + λ0 H ]
= 220.94 Kj/Kg
53.0256 kcal
Maka Total Entalpi masuk
= Entalpi udara masuk (HG1)+ H<12>
= 24731.78 Kj

Menghitung Entalpi udara keluar (HG2)

Humid heat (Cs) = 1.005 + 1,88 H

Humid heat (Cs) = 1.005 + 1,88 H


(Geankoplis, 1993 hal 562
maka :
HG1 = [ Cs (TG1 - T0) + λ0 H ]
= (1,005 + 1,88H) x (61,8-0) + 2501 H
= 62.109 + 2617.184 H ...............(1)

Dengan basis = 1 jam operasi :


X in air terhadap padatan kering = 0.046025
X out air terhadap padatan kering = 0.002004
Ls = 538.5101 Kg /jam

Persamaan Moisture Balance


(Geankoplis, 1993 hal 562)

maka : 0.05 G + 24.78498 = GH1 + 1.079179


0.05 G + 23.7058 = GH1 ..........(2)

Persamaan heat balance

jadi :
G x HG2 + H<12> = G x HG1 + <15>+<16>
24731.777148106 G + 24510.84 = 62.109 + 2617,184 H ) G + 220598.8
24731.777148106 G + 24510.84 = 62,109 G + 2617,184GH + 220598.8
24669.668148106 G = 2617,184GH + 196088 ..........(3)
24669,66815G - 196087.953 = 2617,184GH

Subtitusi persamaan 2 dan 3 )


24669,66815G - 196087.953 = 2617.184 (0,05G + 23.7058
24669,66815G - 196087.953 = 130.8592 G + 62042.45
24538.8088 G = 62042.45 + 196088
G = 10.51927 kj/jam
dengan persamaan 2 dapat nilai H keluar

0.05 G + 18.90643 = GH1


19.4324 = 10.51927 H1
H1 = 1.847314

Humid heat (Cs) = 1.005 + 1,88 H


Humid heat (Cs) = 4.4779502
jadi entalpi udara keluar
HG1 = [ Cs (TG1 - T0) + λ0 H ]
HG1 = 4785.07329 Kj/Kg
1148.41759 Kcal

Qloss = 10%Hin
= 2451.08371
Qin= (H15+H16+Qloss)-H12
= 198539.037

NERACA ENERGI ROTARY DRYER


Komponen Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
∆Hmasuk dari Centrifuge 24510.837
∆H keluar ke storage 218432.55
∆H keluar ke Cyclone 2166.241
∆H udara masuk ( HG2) 53.026
∆H udara keluar (HG1) 1148.418
Qin 198539.037
Qloss 2451.083715
TOTAL 223102.9 224198.292

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