Structure of the bacterial cell.

They are those structures without which these

microorganisms lose their integrity, their capacity for growth, reproduction and
viability.
Essential structures
Among the essential structures are the wall, the cytoplasmic membrane, the
bacterial chromosome (nucleoid) and the ribosomes.
Cellular wall
It is the outermost layer of the bacterial cell, which gives it rigidity and shape, one
of the fudamental components of it is peptidoglycan. Some bacteria, such as
mycoplasmas, do not have this structure.
Plasma membrane
It is located under the wall, in it all structures and vital organelles are included. It
is composed mainly of lipids and proteins; some also contain small amounts of
carbohydrates, DNA and RNA.
Mesosomes
They are invaginations of the membrane, which are also known as peripheral
bodies.
Cytoplasm
in it there are no mitochondria, but special organelles such as gas vesicles, soluble
constituents, nitrogen and non-nitrogenous reserve materials.
Non-essential structures
In bacteria there are non-essential structures, which only occur in some groups and
whose absence does not produce alterations in the physiology of the same. Among
these structures we find: the flagella, the capsule and the bacterial spore.
Flagella
structures composed of flagellin, whose function is to give motility to bacteria.
Pilis
They are filiform appendages that can be found on the surface of gram-negative
bacteria, which are involved in the transfer of nucleic acid during conjugation
between bacteria.
Bacterial capsule
it is a viscous, gummy, mucilaginous coating that is occupying the outermost
portion of many prokaryotes; Generally constituted by polysaccharides as well as
it can also present polypeptides, its main component is water.
Bacterial endospore
They are found in bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium and also in
Sporosarcina.