Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer

(ME630/ME630A)
(Old title: Numerical Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer)

PG/Open Elective

Credits: 3-0-0-9
Brief Syllabus:

Introduction: Governing equations for fluid flow and heat transfer, classifications of PDE,
finite difference formulation, various aspects of finite difference equation, error and stability
analysis, dissipation and dispersion errors, modified equations; Solutions of simultaneous
equations: iterative and direct methods, TDMA, ADI; Elliptic PDE: One- and Two-
dimensional steady heat conduction and their solutions, extension to three-dimensional;
Parabolic PDE: Unsteady heat conduction, explicit and implicit methods, solution of
boundary layer equation, upwinding; Solution of incompressible N-S equation: Stream
function and vorticity formulation, primitive variable methods: MAC and SIMPLE.
 Department of Mechanical Engineering

3L-0T-0P-0A (9 credits)

Objectives:
The primary objective of the course is to teach fundamentals of computational method for
solving linear and non-linear partial differential equations (PDE). The course offers
introductory concepts about solving PDE mainly in the finite difference (FD) framework
though some amount of finite volume (FV) concept has also been introduced.

Prerequisites:
Knowledge of undergraduate heat transfer and fluid mechanics.

Course content:
Lecture-wise break-up (lecture duration: 50 minutes)

Topics No. of
suggested
lectures
1 Introduction: Brief introduction of ODE (IVP and BVP) and PDE, 3
Initial and Boundary conditions, classification of PDE, various methods
to solve PDE numerically along with their advantages and
disadvantages,
2 FDM: Taylor series expansion, Finite difference equations (FDE) of 1st, 3
and 2nd order derivatives, Truncation errors, order of accuracy.
3 Application of FDM: Steady and unsteady one- and two-dimensional 2
heat conduction equations, one-dimensional wave equations,General
method to construct FDE
4 Aspects of FDE: Convergence, consistency, explicit, implicit and C-N 2
methods.
5 Solution of simultaneous equations: direct and iterative methods; 5
Jacobi and various Gauss-Seidel methods (PSOR, LSOR and ADI),
Gauss-elimination, TDMA (Thomas), Gauss-Jordan, other direct and
indirect methods.
6 Errors and Stability of FDE: Diffusion and dispersion errors Stability 4
of 1D and 2D diffusion equation, 1D wave equation (FTCS, FTBS and
FTFS).
7 Modified equations of FD formulation:Diffusion and dispersion errors 3
of modified equation (wave equation) having second and third order
derivatives, modified wave number and modified speed.
8 Upwinding: Upwinding of convective terms and its significance, 3
Transportiveand conservative properties.Upwind biased difference
schemes and its significance.
9 FDE in other coordinate systems: Cylindrical and polar coordinate 2
systems,
10 FVM: Two approaches of generating Cartesian grids, Solution of fin 3
problem in FVM, Handling of BCs in FVM; Generalized FVM approach
for orthogonal grids (complex geometry)..
11 Stream function-vorticity approach: Derivation of stream function 2
and vorticity equations; derivation pressure Poisson equation.
Application 2-3 problems
12 Primitive variable approach: Grid system (Staggered vs collocated 8
grids); their advantages and disadvantages; control volumes for
continuity and N-S equations.
MAC method; derivation of pressure correction equations; discretization
of GDE and BCs for channel flow; solution algorithm; stability
constraints.
Projection/Fractional step method; solution algorithm; difference with
MAC.
SIMPLE and SIMPLER method (FVM): derivation of pressure and
pressure-correction and velocity correction equations. Discretization and
solution algorithm.
Total Number of Lectures 40

Suggested text books:

Computational Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer ,Second Editionby K. Muralidhar, T.
Sundararajan(Narosa), 2011.
Computer Simulation of Flow and Heat TransferbyP. S. Ghoshdastidar (4th Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill), 1998.
Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flowsby Hirch C., Elesvier2007.

Suggested reference books:

Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid FlowbyS. V. Patankar(Hemisphere Series on
Computational Methods in Mechanics and Thermal Science)
Essential Computational Fluid Dynamicsby Zikanov.O., Wiley 2010.
Computational Fluid Dynamics byChung T. J., Cambridge University Press, 2003.