April 4, 2018 MATH 433/533 – Exam 2 Name: Hattie Burford

56 points – Answer all questions

Use the table in question 1 to answer questions 1-6.

Four treatments (Placebo, A, B, C) were randomly assigned to 36 patients. Data below give for each
treatment the number of days (response variable y) for healing to be complete:

Treatment Number of days (y)

Placebo 5, 8, 7, 7, 9, 8, 6, 7, 8
A 4, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6, 3, 4, 3
B 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5
C 7, 4, 6, 6, 3, 5, 8, 6, 7

1. For completely randomized design one-way AOV, state the null and alternative hypotheses. (2 pts.)
𝑯𝒐 : 𝝁 𝒑 = 𝝁 𝑨 = 𝝁 𝑩 = 𝝁 𝑪
𝑯𝒂 : 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝝁′𝒊 𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍

2. For the test of hypothesis in Question 1, calculate the test statistic F', the P-value, and make a decision
about Ho based on α = 0.05. (4 points).

Using the ANOVA on Stat Crunch:

𝑴𝑺𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝟏𝟕.𝟐𝟖𝟕𝟎𝟑𝟕
𝑭’ = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝟗𝟑𝟖𝟒 OR 𝑭′ = 𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 = 𝟏.𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖 ≈ 𝟏𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝟗𝟑𝟖𝟒
P-Value: 𝑭𝒄𝒅𝒇(𝑭′ , 𝑬𝟗𝟗, 𝒅𝒇𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓, 𝒅𝒇𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓)
𝑭𝒄𝒅𝒇(𝟏𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝟗𝟑𝟖𝟒, 𝑬𝟗𝟗, 𝟑, 𝟑𝟐) =. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟗𝟔𝟔 ≈ 𝟎

Since our p-value is less than α = 0.05, we reject Ho.

3. Use the AOV results of Question 2. Use Notes 7 and 8 from Unit 2. (6 points)
a. Calculate the LSD and Tukey comparison criteria based on α = 0.05. ONLY COMPUTE. (3)
𝟏 𝟏
𝑳𝑺𝑫 = (𝒕∝/𝟐 , 𝒗)(√𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓)(√ + )
𝒏𝒊 𝒏𝒋
𝒗 = 𝒅𝒇 = 𝒏𝒕 − 𝒕 = 𝟑𝟔 − 𝟒 = 𝟑𝟐

Therefore, our value from table 2 (rounded down to df=30) is 2.042.

Our MSError is found from the ANOVA table.
Our ni and nj are both nine because all treatments have nine yields.
𝟏 𝟏
𝑳𝑺𝑫 = (𝟐. 𝟎𝟒𝟐)(√𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) (√ + ) ≈ 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓
𝟗 𝟗
 𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓
𝑾 = 𝒒𝟎.𝟎𝟓 (𝒕, 𝒗)√
𝒏

𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝑾 = 𝒒𝟎.𝟎𝟓 (𝟒, 𝟑𝟐)√
𝟗
𝒗 = 𝒅𝒇 = 𝒏𝒕 − 𝒕 = 𝟑𝟔 − 𝟒 = 𝟑𝟐
Therefore, our value from table 10 (rounded down to df=30) is 3.85.

𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝑾 = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟓√ ≈ 𝟏. 𝟔𝟒𝟗𝟗
𝟗

b. Use the criteria in part (a) to construct the 95% confidence intervals for all pairs (using only LSD),
and indicate where the differences lie based upon the confidence intervals. Six pairs. (3)
̅ 𝟏 = 𝟕.2222
Placebo: 𝑿
Treatment A: 𝑿̅ 𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
Treatment B: 𝑿̅ 𝟑 = 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Treatment C: 𝑿̅ 𝟒 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟐 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒) = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
CI: 𝟐. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓= (1.5403, 4.0153) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐) = 𝟑
CI: 𝟑 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓= (1.7625, 4.2375) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
CI: 𝟏. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓= (.2069, 2.6819) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0

𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐) =. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
CI: . 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓= (-1.0153, 1.4597) Therefore, since 0 is in the CI, we fail to reject H0

𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) = −𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒
CI:−𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓= (-2.5709, -.0959) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0

𝝁𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) = −𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟔
CI:−𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟔 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟕𝟓= (-2.7931, -.3181) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0

𝑯𝒐 : 𝝁𝒑 = 𝝁𝑨 = 𝝁𝑩 = 𝝁𝑪 is rejected when comparing:

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟐
𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑
𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒
𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒
𝝁𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒

The differences between the means of the treatments lie between these groups.
4. For the data in Question 1, calculate the Kruskal-Wallis X²' test statistic (manually and using Statcrunch)
and the corresponding p-value. BOTH WAYS. (4 points)

Using StatCrunch:
′
𝑿𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟔𝟎𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟐
𝒅𝒇 = 𝟑
𝒑 − 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆 =. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟗

Manually:
Treatment Treatment Treatment
Placebo Rank Rank Rank Rank
A B C
5 16 4 10 6 22.5 7 29
8 33.5 6 22.5 4 10 4 10
7 29 6 22.5 4 10 6 22.5
7 29 3 3.5 5 16 6 22.5
9 36 5 16 4 10 3 3.5
8 33.5 6 22.5 3 3.5 5 16
6 22.5 3 3.5 3 3.5 8 33.5
7 29 4 10 4 10 6 22.5
8 33.5 3 3.5 5 16 7 29
RANK
TOTAL: 262 114 101.5 188.5

′ 𝟏𝟐 𝑹𝟐𝒊
𝑿𝟐 = (∑ ) − 𝟑(𝒏𝑻 + 𝟏)
𝒏𝑻 (𝒏𝑻 + 𝟏) 𝒏𝒊
′ 𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟔𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟐 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟖𝟖. 𝟓𝟐
𝑿𝟐 = ( + + + ) − 𝟑(𝟑𝟔 + 𝟏)
𝟑𝟔(𝟑𝟔 + 𝟏) 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗
′
𝑿𝟐 ≈16.6021021

p-value: 𝑿𝟐 𝒄𝒅𝒇(𝟏𝟔. 𝟔𝟎𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟏, 𝑬𝟗𝟗, 𝟑) ≈. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟗

5. Specify the critical region for the Kruskal-Wallis test in Question 4 based on α = 0.05. Use Table 7. (2
points)
Using Table 7: α = 0.05, 𝒅𝒇 = 𝒕 − 𝟏 = 𝟒 − 𝟏 = 𝟑
𝑪𝑹: 𝑿𝟐 ≥ 𝟕. 𝟖𝟏𝟓
Therefore, since our test statistic falls in the CR, we reject Ho.

6. Use the data in #1 to run the SNK procedure (Notes 9). Find the Wij’ for all means. Determine the 95%
confidence intervals for the differences as well. Be sure to use Table 10 to determine the leading factor in
the formula. 2 Steps, 3 Steps, and 4 Steps. (6 points)
𝑯𝒐 : 𝝁 𝒑 = 𝝁 𝑨 = 𝝁 𝑩 = 𝝁 𝑪
𝑯𝒂 : 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝝁′𝒊 𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍
Treatments:
̅ 𝟏 = 𝟕.2222
Placebo: 𝑿
Treatment A: 𝑿̅ 𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
Treatment B: 𝑿̅ 𝟑 = 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
̅
Treatment C: 𝑿𝟒 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖

Ranked Treatments:
̅ 𝟏 = 𝟕.2222
1. Placebo: 𝑿
2. Treatment C: 𝑿̅ 𝟒 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
3. Treatment A: 𝑿̅ 𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
̅
4. Treatment B: 𝑿𝟑 = 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓
𝑾𝒊𝒋 = 𝒒𝟎.𝟎𝟓 (𝒓, 𝒗)√
𝒏
Df=32, round down to 30 when using table 10

2 STEPS:
𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝑾𝒊𝒋 = 𝒒𝟎.𝟎𝟓 (𝟐, 𝟑𝟐)√ = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟗 (√ ) = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓
𝒏 𝟗
3 STEPS:
𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝑾𝒊𝒋 = 𝒒𝟎.𝟎𝟓 (𝟑, 𝟑𝟐)√ = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟗 (√ ) = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝟓𝟔
𝒏 𝟗
4 STEPS:
𝑴𝑺𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝑾𝒊𝒋 = 𝒒𝟎.𝟎𝟓 (𝟒, 𝟑𝟐)√ = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟓 (√ ) = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟒𝟗𝟗
𝒏 𝟗

Rank 1 vs Rank 3 (3 steps)

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟐 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
|𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 |=|𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒| = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝟐. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖 > 𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝟓𝟔 Therefore, we reject Ho

Rank 1 vs Rank 4 (4 steps)

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
|𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 |=|𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐| = 𝟑
𝟑 > 𝟏. 𝟔𝟒𝟗𝟗 Therefore, we reject Ho

Rank 1 vs Rank 2 (2 steps)

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
|𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 |=|𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖| = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝟏. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 > 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓 Therefore, we reject Ho

Rank 3 vs Rank 4 (2 steps)

𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
|𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 |=|𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐| =. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 < 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓 Therefore, we fail to reject Ho
 Rank 3 vs Rank 2 (2 steps)
𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
|𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 |=|𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖| = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒
𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒 > 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓 Therefore, we reject Ho

Rank 4 vs Rank 2(3 steps)

𝝁𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
|𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 |=|𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖| = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟔
𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟔 > 𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝟓𝟔 Therefore, we reject Ho

CI:

Rank 1 vs Rank 3 (3 steps)

𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟐 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒) = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
CI: 𝟐. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖 ± 𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝟓𝟔= (1.2822, 4.2734) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0
Rank 1 vs Rank 4 (4 steps)
𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐) = 𝟑
CI: 𝟑 ± 𝟏. 𝟔𝟒𝟗𝟗= (1.3501,4.6499) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0
Rank 1 vs Rank 2 (2 steps)
𝝁𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟕. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
CI: 𝟏. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓= (.2059, 2.6829) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0
Rank 3 vs Rank 4 (2 steps)
𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟑 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐) =. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
CI: . 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓= (-1.0163, 1.4607) Therefore, since 0 is in the CI, we fail to reject H0
Rank 3 vs Rank 2 (2 steps)
𝝁𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟒. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) = −𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒
CI:−𝟏. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒 ± 𝟏. 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓= (-2.5719, -.0949) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0
Rank 4 vs Rank 2(3 steps)
𝝁𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝁𝟒 :
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝒀̅𝒊 − 𝒀̅𝒋 )=(𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖) = −𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟔
CI: -1.5556 ±𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝟓𝟔= (-3.0512, -.06) Therefore, since 0 is not in the CI, we reject H0
7. High energy costs have made consumers and home builders increasingly aware of whether household
appliances are energy efficient. A large developer carried out a study to compare electricity usage for
four different residential air-conditioning systems being considered for tract homes. Each system was
installed in five homes, and the resulting electricity usage (in KWh) was monitored for a 1-month
period. Because the developer realized that many characteristics of a home could affect usage, care was
taken to ensure that extraneous variance did not influence the conclusions. Homes selected for the
experiment were grouped into five blocks consisting of four homes each in such a way that the four
homes within any given block were as similar as possible. Resulting data is given below, in which rows
correspond to the different treatments (air-conditioning systems) and columns correspond to the
different blocks. (16 total points)
Blocks

Treatments 1 2 3 4 5

1 111 113 94 106 112

2 171 131 105 107 124

3 133 137 118 96 111

4 119 131 100 106 116

a. For the randomized block design, state the null and alternative hypotheses for treatments. (2)
𝑯𝒐 : 𝝁 𝟏 = 𝝁 𝟐 = 𝝁 𝟑 = 𝝁 𝟒
𝑯𝒂 : 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝝁′𝒊 𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍

b. Find the test statistic F' for treatments, the P-value, and make a decision about Ho based on α = 0.05.
(4)
From the ANOVA Table Below:
𝑭′ = 𝟐. 𝟑𝟔𝟗𝟖
p-value: 𝑭𝒄𝒅𝒇(𝑭′ , 𝑬𝟗𝟗, 𝒅𝒇𝑻, 𝒅𝒇𝑬) = 𝑭𝒄𝒅𝒇(𝟐. 𝟑𝟔𝟗𝟖, 𝑬𝟗𝟗, 𝟑, 𝟏𝟐) ≈. 𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟕𝟗𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟒
Therefore, since our p-value is not less than alpha=.05, then we fail to reject Ho.

c. Below is a partial completion of the ANOVA table for the data. Complete the missing values (6).

Source Df SS MS Test Statistic

Treatments 3 1095.75 365.25 2.369829684

Blocks 4 2931.7 732.925 XXXXXXXXXXX

Error 12 1849.5 154.125 XXXXXXXXXXX

Total 19 5876.95 XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX

 d. Compute the relative efficiency of the test and interpret (4).

(𝒃−𝟏)𝑴𝑺𝑩+𝒃(𝒕−𝟏)𝑴𝑺𝑬
RE=
(𝒃𝒕−𝟏)(𝑴𝑺𝑬)

(𝟓 − 𝟏)𝟕𝟑𝟐. 𝟗𝟐𝟓 + 𝟓(𝟒 − 𝟏)𝟏𝟓𝟒. 𝟏𝟐𝟓

= ≈ 𝟏. 𝟕𝟗𝟎𝟔𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟐𝟔
(𝟓 ∗ 𝟒 − 𝟏)𝟏𝟓𝟒. 𝟏𝟐𝟓

Therefore, we would need about 79% more data in a one way ANOVA to have the same efficiency
as this block design.

8. The following Latin square design gives scores on a statistics exam attained by students of various ethnic
backgrounds and of various professional interests (blocking variables), who were taught by instructors A,
B, C, D, and E (treatments). (16 total points)
Hispanic German Polish French Austrian

Law A (78) E (91) D (73) C (82) B (87)

Medicine B (92) A (75) E (89) D (72) C (74)

Engineering C (75) B (90) A (83) E (88) D (70)

Business D (68) C (77) B (85) A (64) E (91)

Math E (94) D (72) C (80) B (88) A (77)

a. Specify the null and alternative hypotheses for treatments.(2)

𝑯𝒐 : 𝝁 𝟏 = 𝝁 𝟐 = 𝝁 𝟑 = 𝝁 𝟒
𝑯𝒂 : 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝝁′𝒊 𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍

b. Calculate the test statistic F' and make a decision about Ho based on α = 0.05. (2)

𝑼𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑨𝑵𝑶𝑽𝑨 𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆: 𝑭′ = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟏𝟑𝟏, and our p-value is ≈. 𝟐𝟓𝟗𝟖. Therefore, since our p-value is
greater than alpha=.05, we fail to reject Ho.
c. Calculate the relative efficiency for the Latin square model, and interpret. (4)

𝑴𝑺𝑹 + 𝑴𝑺𝑪 + (𝒕 − 𝟏)𝑴𝑺𝑬

𝑹𝑬 =
(𝒕 + 𝟏)(𝑴𝑺𝑬)
𝟐𝟑. 𝟏 + 𝟖. 𝟑 + (𝟒)(𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟔𝟔𝟕)
= ≈ 𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟗𝟓
(𝟔)(𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟔𝟔𝟕)
Therefore, we would need about .95% more data in using a completely randomized design to have the same
efficiency as this latin square.

d. Complete the following ANOVA table for the Latin square design. Only find the test statistic for the
Treatments. Find the p-value for the test on the treatments. (8)

Source df SS MS F’ P-Value

Rows 4 92.4 23.1 XXX XXX

Columns 4 33.2 8.3 XXX XXX

Treatments 4 1445.2 361.3 1.5131 .2598

Error 12 183.2 15.2667 XXX XXX

Total 24 1754 XXXXXXX XXX XXX