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BAR SIZE DIAMETER, IN. AREA, IN WEIGHT, LB/FT
a. Source: Wire Reinforcement Institute (WRI): Manual of Standard Practice – Structural Welded Wire Reinforcement (Hartford, CT: WRI, 2008).
b. The number following W or D identifies the cross-sectional area of the wire in hundreths of a square inch.
c. ASTM A82, available fy = 65,000 psi to 80,000 psi in 2500 psi increments.
d. ASTM A496, available fy = 70,000 psi to 80,000 psi in 2500 psi increments.
GENERAL DESIGN INFORMATION CHAPTER 15
Design Aid 15.4.4 Required Development Lengths,a in., for Reinforcing Bars (Grade 60)
Tension development length: (f) For tension lap splices, item (e) does not apply.
d Lap splice lengths must conform to ACI 318-05,
ld = 2400 b ' ; min. 12 in. (#6 and smaller)
fc Section 12.15.
db Compression development length:
ld = 3000 ; min. 12 in. (#7 and larger) 1200d b
fc' ldc = larger of or 18db but no less than 8 in.
fc'
Note: For Grade 40 bars, replace 2400 and 3000 with 1600
and 2000, respectively. Note: For Grade 40 bars, replace 1200 with 800 and 18 with
12.
Multiply ld values by : Multiply ld values by:
(a) 1.3 for lightweight concrete (a) As (required)/As (provided) for excess
(b) 1.3 for “top bars”b reinforcement
(c) 1.5 for epoxy-coated bars with cover < 3db or clear (b) 0.75 for adequate spiral or tie enclosure
spacing < 6db, otherwise multiply by 1.2 (see ACI 318-05, Section 12.3.3b)
Note: Product of factors (b) and (c) need not exceed Compression splice lap length:
1.7. Lap length = 30db; min. 12 in. for fy = 60,000 psi
(d) 1.5 for bars with less than minimum stirrups or ties, Lap length = (0.0009fy – 24) db for fy > 60,000 psi
clear spacing less than 2db, or clear cover less than
db
The values of fc' used in these equations shall not exceed
(e) As (required)/As (provided) for excess reinforce-ment
100 psi (see ACI 318-05, Section 12.1.2).
unless development of fy is specifically required. This
multiplier is not to be applied to lap splices per
ACI 318-05, Section R12.15.1. 15
fc' = 3000 psi fc' = 4000 psi fc' = 5000 psi fc' = 6000 psi
Bar Com- Com- Com- Com- Min.
size, Tension pres- Tension pres- Tension pres- Tension pres- comp.
# sion sion sion sion splice
ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld
3 16 21 25 8 14 18 21 8 13 17 19 8 12 15 17 8 12
4 22 28 33 11 19 25 28 9 17 22 25 9 15 20 23 9 15
5 27 36 41 14 24 31 36 12 21 28 32 11 19 25 29 11 19
6 33 43 49 16 28 37 43 14 25 33 38 14 23 30 35 14 23
7 48 62 72 19 42 54 62 17 37 48 56 16 34 44 51 16 26
8 55 71 82 22 47 62 71 19 42 55 64 18 39 50 58 18 30
9 62 80 93 25 54 70 80 21 48 62 72 20 44 57 66 20 34
10 70 90 104 28 60 78 90 24 54 70 81 23 49 64 74 23 38
11 77 100 116 31 67 87 100 27 60 78 90 25 55 71 82 25 42
fc' = 7000 psi fc' = 8000 psi fc' = 9000 psi fc' ≥ 10,000 psi
Bar Com- Com- Com- Com- Min.
size, Tension pres- Tension pres- Tension pres- Tension pres- comp.
# sion sion sion sion splice
ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld ld 1.3ld 1.5ld ld
3 12 14 16 8 12 13 15 8 12 12 14 8 9 12 14 8 12
4 14 19 22 9 13 17 20 9 13 16 19 8 12 16 18 8 15
5 18 23 27 11 17 22 25 11 16 21 24 8 15 20 23 8 19
6 22 28 32 14 20 26 30 14 19 25 28 9 18 23 27 9 23
7 31 41 47 16 29 38 44 16 28 36 42 11 26 34 39 11 26
8 36 47 54 18 34 44 50 18 32 41 47 13 30 39 45 12 30
9 40 53 61 20 38 49 57 20 36 46 54 14 34 44 51 14 34
10 46 59 68 23 43 55 64 23 40 52 60 16 38 49 56 15 38
11 51 66 76 25 47 61 71 25 45 58 67 17 41 54 62 17 42
a. For limitations and items related to hooked bars, stirrups or ties in excess of minimum, and spacing of non-contact lap splices, etc., see ACI 318-05, Chapter 12.
b. A top bar is any horizontal reinforcement placed such that more than 12 in. of fresh concrete is cast below the development length.
Note: comp. = compression; min. = minimum.
J
A or G
A or G
12db for #6, 7, 8
Hook
D 6db for #3, 4, 5
J
Detailing
Detailing
Detailing
db 6db
db dimension D
D D
A or G
D 12db
H G A G A G A G
A H H
A G
B D B D B D B D B D
C C C C C
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
Lap - G
D
A G B B G
U A
G
A C
B D H C E C E (circumference)
C
( Blength
= total
) D D
B O
S6 S11 T1 T2 T3
A E K K
B A E
A G G
C E B D B D A
H H G
B
D C C
T6 T7 T8 T9
15
A G A
A G
J
B B B
1 1A 2
O O O
B F B F B F
J C E J C E C E
H H A H G
A D G A D D
3 3A 4
O
O O
B F B
G B
J C E H J C C
A H J A H G
D A D D
4A 5 6
Notes:
1. All dimensions are out-to-out of bar except A and G on standard 180 and 135 deg hooks.
2. J dimensions on 180 deg hooks to be shown only where necessary to restrict hook size, otherwise ACI standard hooks are to be used.
3. Where J is not shown, J will be kept equal or less than H on Types 3, 5, and 22. Where J can exceed H, it should be shown.
4. H dimension stirrups to be shown where necessary to fit within concrete.
5. Where bars are to be bent more accurately than standard fabricating tolerances, bending dimensions that require closer fabrication should
have limits indicated.
6. Figures in circles show types.
7. For recommended diameter D of bends and hooks, and for dimensions of hooks, see Design Aid 15.4.1.
8. Type S1 through T3, T6 through T9; apply to bar sizes #3 through #8.
9. Source: American Concrete Institute (ACI): Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement (ACI 315-99) (Farmington Hills, MI: ACI, 1999).
O B
R
C E A
H H
A J G G
B
D O
K
7 8 9
R B O K
C
J
A B D
B J H
H A
A C R
C D
O O
10 11 12
K
K
C C
B
J J
B B H
D H
A A R G
H
C
O O D
15 O
12A 12B 13
O O O
A E A A
H B D H B D H B
C C
K K
14 14A 14B
K K
C C
D D
B H B H B D
A
C
O O
16 16A 17
Notes:
1. All dimensions are out-to-out of bar except A and G on standard 180 and 135 deg hooks.
2. J dimensions on 180 deg hooks to be shown only where necessary to restrict hook size, otherwise ACI standard hooks are to be used.
3. Where J is not shown, J will be kept equal or less than H on Types 3, 5, and 22. Where J can exceed H, it should be shown.
4. H dimension stirrups to be shown where necessary to fit within concrete.
5. Where bars are to be bent more accurately than standard fabricating tolerances, bending dimensions that require closer fabrication should
have limits indicated.
6. Figures in circles show types.
7. For recommended diameter D of bends and hooks, and for dimensions of hooks, see Design Aid 15.4.1.
8. Type S1 through T3, T6 through T9; apply to bar sizes #3 through #8.
9. Source: American Concrete Institute (ACI): Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement (ACI 315-99) (Farmington Hills, MI: ACI, 1999).
O
K
B A
B
J H C
C B C D
17A 18 19
O
F
B B B
H C C E K
C J H
D G
A D
19A 20 22
O Standee D
F A (isometric
B
C E G J view) C
A H K E
B H
D
G
23 24 B
K
F
D D 25
Standee Standee
(isometric view)
C
(isometric
C 15
E B E
B view)
F F B
26 26A
C
J D D
D D
Standee H
Standee C
(isometric D
(isometric C view) B
view) K D
B
26C 26B
Enlarged view showing
bar bending details
Notes:
1. All dimensions are out-to-out of bar except A and G on standard 180 and 135 deg hooks.
2. J dimensions on 180 deg hooks to be shown only where necessary to restrict hook size, otherwise ACI standard hooks are to be used.
3. Where J is not shown, J will be kept equal or less than H on Types 3, 5, and 22. Where J can exceed H, it should be shown.
4. H dimension stirrups to be shown where necessary to fit within concrete.
5. Where bars are to be bent more accurately than standard fabricating tolerances, bending dimensions that require closer fabrication should
have limits indicated.
6. Figures in circles show types.
7. For recommended diameter D of bends and hooks, and for dimensions of hooks, see Design Aid 15.4.1.
8. Type S1 through T3, T6 through T9; apply to bar sizes #3 through #8.
9. Source: American Concrete Institute (ACI): Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement (ACI 315-99) (Farmington Hills, MI: ACI, 1999).
z Cover
Stirrup
or tie
Main
reinforcement
To determine location of main reinforcement, add specified cover to the z dimension from the table.
3 5
4 ld
1 11/ " maximum 2
5 2
2
/3d maximum
h d
Vua + Nu(h-d) Ah
Av As D
H
Nu Ash
a H-d ld
Vu Assh
A'
lp
Critical, minimize
5 D
H
Ash
Critical, minimize
H-D ld
Fig. 5.6.3 Potential failure modes and required reinforcement in dapped-end connections.
where:
φ = 0.9
Fy = material yield strength
Zp = plastic section modulus