Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Virgil: Poetry and Reception
Fall Term 2010: M, W @ 11:00 a.m.12 noon
Harvard Hall 103
Sections: Th. 2 p.m.3 p.m, F. 11 a.m.12 noon
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Teaching Staff:
Instructor: Richard F. Thomas, Professor of Greek and Latin
(rthomas@fas.harvard.edu)
Office Hours: M. 23 p.m., Th. 34 p.m.
TFs: Julia Scarborough (jcscarb@fas.harvard.edu)
Office Hours:
Philip Pratt (pratt@fas.harvard.edu)
Office Hours:
1. Course description
Begins with the Aeneid, paradigmatic epic of the West, from various
perspectives, involving literary aesthetics and translation theory, how
poems work, Homeric and other intertextuality, concepts of heroism and
antiheroism, individual choice vs. public responsibility, critique of
empire then, now, and in between. Concurrent attention to Virgil tradition
in early Christianity, Dante, Milton, Dryden, the Romantics, postWWI
Modernists; influence on music, art, and iconography. Subsequent focus
on the Eclogues and Georgics, their place in the traditions of European
pastoral and didactic, status as works of Augustan poetry. As with the
Aeneid we will trace the themes of Virgilian pastoral in the poetry of
Sidney, Spenser, Milton, the Romantic and Victorian poets, and 20th and
21st poetry from Eliot to Heaney. Throughout we will focus on the ways
in which literature, particularly poetry, and art produce an aesthetic
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response, how we interpret and explain that response, and how and why
it matters in our lives. All materials will be in English. The schedule
consists of two lectures and one section per week. Reading Period will be
held in reserve for a review session, if required.
2. Prescribed texts (available at the Harvard Coop, but in limited quantities;
all readily available from amazon.com)
In addition to the Source Book the following texts are required:
Virgil, Aeneid, translated by Stanley Lombardo. Indianapolis: Hackett 2005
The Eclogues of Virgil: A Translation, by David Ferry. New York: Farrar,
Straus and Giroux 1999
The Georgics of Virgil : A translation, by Peter Fallon. Oxford:
Oxford University Press 2006
David Ross, Virgil. A Reader’s Guide. Malden, MA. Blackwell. 2007
3. Lectures
The assigned readings, scheduled poetry of Virgil and assignments from
Source Book (SB), should to be done in advance of each class. The
instructor will be available in the lectureroom from 11:00 a.m. each day to
answer questions arising from previous classes before the day's lecture
begins at 11:07 a.m. Questions are encouraged. Attendance is required at
lectures and sections. If you are unable to attend, please inform TA Julia
Scarborough (jcscarb@fas.harvard.edu) in advance of the class.
4. Sections
Punctual attendance is required for all sections. No student may attend a
section other than the one to which (s)he has been assigned.
Sections will generally involve discussion of Virgil, with some focus on
the assigned secondary readings (chiefly Ross for the Aeneid), and with
attention to one reception text at each meeting.
5. Written assignments:
a) Weekly response papers. 250300 word responses on mainstream
issues arising from preceding readings and lectures. Questions posted
Friday, 5:00 p.m., responses to be posted on course website by the
following Wednesday, 9:30 p.m.
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b) Two papers are required for the course:
Paper # 1 (56 pages) is due at the beginning of class on Wed., November
3.
Paper # 2 (910 pages) is due for delivery to section TF’s on Friday,
December 10
The topics for the papers will be prescribed in advance. Please write on
the topic. A handout will be distributed containing guidelines for
effective writing and presentation. Please observe these
recommendations. For the correct use of sources, and other expectations
concerning the submission of written work, see:
http://webdocs.registrar.fas.harvard.edu/ugrad_handbook/current/chapt
er2/plagiarism.html
6. Exams
The midterm exam will be written in class on Wednesday, October 13
You will be expected to identify and discuss specific passages of Virgil
and other authors that will have been the focus of the lectures and
sections.
The final exam (3 hours) will comprise brief multiplechoice questions,
items for identification, and essays. A choice of essaytopics will be given.
7. Grading
Attendance, participation: 10%
Response papers (one grace week): 10%
Midterm: (in class, Oct. 13 ): 15%
First paper (56 pages, due Nov. 3): 10%
Second paper (910 pages, due 5 p.m. Dec. 10): 25%
Final Exam: 30%
8. Syllabus
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W. Sept. 1 Introductory session and aims of the course. Who/what is Virgil?
Why read Virgil? Why Greece and Rome? What is poetry? What is
reception? Poetic translation.
SB: # 24
M. Sept. 6 Labor Day. No class.
W Sept. 8 Virgil’s life and times. Who was Augustus? The historical Virgil.
Reputation and impact in contemporary and subsequent periods.
Aesthetics and ideology and why it all matters.
SB: # 1, # 12
Reception: Virgil through two millennia
M Sept. 13 The Epic Tradition: Epic from Homer to Virgil and beyond. How to
begin an epic poem? What is epic?
SB: # 8 (pp. 19–20), # 9 (p. 42), # 11 (pp. 68–72), # 22 (pp. 141–42)
Reception: Dante, Canto 1 and Milton, Paradise Lost 1
W Sept. 15 Aeneid 1 Storm, Shipwreck and Carthage. The Aeneid under way in
medias res. What sort of a hero is Aeneas? What sort of gods are
Virgil’s gods? Why Carthage matters. Dryden's Translation
SB: # 8 (pp. 24–25), # 9 (pp. 43–46)
Reception: Dryden’s Aeneis
M. Sept. 20 Aeneid 2 The Fall of Troy. What sort of a hero is Aeneas? Laocoon
in literature and sculpture. Death of a King.
SB: # 29
Reception: John Denham’s Fall of Troy and 17th century Royalist translation;
Laocoon group: Winkelmann to Lessing (the competition between
text and image)
W. Sept. 22 Aeneid 34 Aeneas’ Odyssey and back to Dido. Homer’s Cyclops
and Alexandrian poetry (Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes)
SB: # 8 (pp. 47–51)
Reception: Dante, Inferno TBA
M. Sept. 27 Aeneid 4 The Tragedy of Dido. Causation and Responsibility.
Reading with different points of view. The Conflation of genres.
SB: # 10 (pp. 72–75), # 13
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Reception: Dante, Inferno, Chaucer, House of Fame, Dryden’s translation,
Purcell, Dido and Aeneas
W. Sept. 29 Aeneid 56 Funeral Games and the loss of Palinurus. Rewriting the
Iliad. Erasing the past.
SB: # 7 (pp. 32–36), # 8 (pp. 52–53)
Reception: Selections from Dante
M. Oct. 4 Aeneid 6 Journey to the Underworld. Engaging the Homeric heroes.
The Ghost of Dido. Roman History and the play with time
SB: #14
Reception: T. S. Eliot, W. H. Auden, and Bob Dylan
W. Oct. 6 Aeneid 7 Italy and War. Disruption of the pastoral world.
Catalogue of Roman heroes
SB: # 19
Reception: Carlo Levi, Christ stopped at Eboli
M. Oct. 11 Columbus Day. No class.
W Oct. 13 Midterm
M. Oct. 18 Aeneid 8 Aeneas and Augustus. Giantkilling. Mythic past,
narrative present, and historical future: patterns of time in the
Aeneid.
SB: # 7 (pp. 21–23), # 11
Reception: W.H. Auden, Secondary Epic
W. Oct. 20 Aeneid 9 Heroism, the loss of beauty, and the clash of civilizations.
The Aesthetics of brutality.
SB: SB Suppl. Wilfred Owen, Brian Turner
Reception: Wifred Owen, Brian Turner and other war poets
M. Oct. 25 Aeneid 10 The Realities of War. Heroism and brutality
SB: SB Suppl. Parry "Tewo Voices"
Reception: Parry, "Two Voices"; Stanley Kubrick, Full Metal Jacket
W. Oct.. 27 Aeneid 11 Burying our sons. Camilla, and the loss of pastoral.
SB: # 20
Reception: Robert Lowell, Falling Asleep over the Aeneid
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M. Nov. 1 Aeneid 12 Heroism and Empire. Closural strategies: How to
end/not to end an epic.
SB: # 7 (pp. 27–31, 37–40), # 22 (pp. 143–44), # 25, # 27
Reception: Maffeo Vegio, Milton, Paradise Lost 12.
W. Nov. 3 Eclogue 1, 6 Introduction to the Eclogues. What is pastoral? Virgilian
literary aesthetics in the context of Greek and Roman literature.
SB: # 5
M. Nov. 8 Eclogues 1, 9 War, Possession and Dispossession
SB: # 27, # 23,
Reception: Arcadian traditions, William Barnes, Eclogues of Miklós
Radnóti
W. Nov. 10 Eclogues 2, 10 The play with Genres: Pastoral and Elegy
SB: # 21 (pp. 137–140)
Reception: Milton, Lycidas.
M. Nov. 15 Eclogues 3, 5, 7, 8 Shepherds’ songs
SB: # 15, SB supp. Spenser
Reception: Flyting traditions from Spenser to Robert Frost, The
Mountain, 8 Mile
W. Nov. 17 Eclogues 4 Golden Age, Utopia and the Messiah
SB: # 6, # 17
Reception: From the Christian Fathers to Seamus Heaney, Bann
Valley Eclogue
M. Nov. 22 Georgics 1 Introduction to the Georgics. Songs of the Earth
SB: (supplementary materials on course site)
Reception: Thomson’s Seasons and 18thCentury English Georgics
W. Nov. 24 Georgics 2 Green poetry: Italy, deforestation, the environment, and
poetry of deception
SB: # 21
Reception: Marvell, The Mower against Gardens, Upon Appleton House
William Pember Reeves, Passing of the Forest
M. Nov. 29 Georgics 3 Love, Plague and the Failure of agriculture
SB: #16, # 18, SB Suppl. Crabbe
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Reception: Crabbe, Kavanagh and Heaney: Irish antipastoral,
potato famine, and the Troubles.
W. Dec. 1 Georgics 4 Bees, Orpheus, Poetry, Loss and Redemption before
Christ.
Reception: Aeneid 6, Ovid, Metamorphoses, Dante, Selections