Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Outline
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• From unipolarity
– U.S. hub and spokes alliance system
• To multipolarity
– China, Japan, India
– Rise of middle powers
• South Korea, Australia, Indonesia
• Shifting military balance of power
China
• Economic rise
• Expanding military reach - A2AD
– Naval base on Hainan island
– SSN and SSBN – the nuclear dimension
• Political engagement with ASEAN
– Free trade agreement
– Strategic partnership
• Dominance over Southeast Asia
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Theoretical Framework
• “when a group of states, conscious of certain
common interests and common values, form a
society… [and] conceive themselves to be bound
by a common set of rules in their relations with
one another, and share in the working of
common institutions.”
– Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order
in World Politics (1977)
• Global political system – weak world government,
no monopoly on use of force
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International
Great Powers
Law
War Diplomacy
5. What is to be done?
ASEAN’s Vision
• Southeast Asia and its surroundings remain a peaceful,
stable and secure region;
• Uphold the UN Charter, ASEAN Charter, TAC, ZOPFAN,
Declaration of the East Asia Summit of the Principles for
Mutually Beneficial Relations; which shall serve as the basic
norms governing friendly relations and cooperation among
states;
• exercise self-restraint and refrain from activities that might
raise tension in the region; and
• enhance our unity, solidarity and centrality and call on
other states to respect ASEAN’s norms and principles
– ASEAN Joint Statement on Peace, Security and Stability in the
Region 2016
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Conclusion
• China’s rejection of UNCLOS compulsory
dispute settlement mechanism has
undermined the role of international law in
shaping global order
• Realpolitik, balance of power, major powers
will play greater role in regional order
• Strategic rivalry is threat to ASEAN’s centrality
and regional autonomy
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