JMJ Marist Brothers

Notre Dame of Marbel University

Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

CHAPTER IV

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of data

This chapter describes the analysis of data followed by a discussion of the

research findings. The findings of the research relate to the research questions that

guides the study. Data were analyzed to identify, describe and explore the perception of

grade 12 students in drinking alcohol at Notre Dame of Marbel University and the alcohol

use in relation to age, gender and strand. Data were obtained from questionnaires,

completed by all grade 12 students. In identifying the frequencies and percentages to

answer all of the questions in the questionnaire, we used the descriptive statistical

analysis. The results are presented using graphs and tables, followed by a relevant

discussion. The Level of significance that was set by the researcher in this study is at

0.05.

Profile of the Respondents

This set of data was intended to describe demographic variables of the sample

and to assess for any influences on the research findings. The demographic data

consisted of age were in respondents whose age category is from 16-19, male and female

for the sex of the respondents, and STEM, ABM, and HUMSS for the strand of the

respondents.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Table 3: Frequency of Profile of Respondents

Age Profile Frequency Percentage (%)

16 6
0.74%
17 196 24.20%

18 565
69.75%
19 43
5.31%
Total 810 100.00%

Male 324 40.00%

Sex Female 486 60.00%

Total 810 100.00%

ABM 205 25.31%

HUMSS 118 14.57%

Strand STEM 487 60.12%

Total 810 100.00%

Age of the respondents is one of the most important characteristics in

understanding their views about the problems; by and large age indicates level of maturity

of individuals in that sense age becomes more important to examine the response. The

respondents have been classified into four groups of age: 16 years

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

old as to be the youngest of all the respondents, 17 years old, 18 years old and 19 years

old as to be the oldest of all the respondents who answered the questionnaires. Table 3

indicates that there were no respondents whose age was less than 16 years old. Among

810 respondents who have been given a questionnaire, 0.74% responded that they are

16 years old, 5.31% of the respondents are 19 years old, 24.20% of the respondents

responded to be 17 years old, and more than half (69.75%) of the respondents are 18

years old and. It is quite clear that out of the total respondents investigated for this study,

overwhelming majority (60%) of them were females whereas about 40% were found to

be males. Out of 810 respondents 14.57% of the respondents responded to be a HUMSS

students, 25.31% of the respondents responded to be an ABM student, and more than

half (60.12%) of the respondents responded to be a STEM student

Perceptions of the Respondents in Drinking Alcohol

The table below shows the statements that can be found in the questionnaires

given to the respondents in able to know their perceptions in drinking alcohol. The

researchers divided 16 questions into two sets.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Table 4.0 Alcohol use

STATEMENTS Mean Verbal Description

1. How often do you drink alcohol? 2.53 Often
2. Do you ever have five or more drinks of alcohol at a time when
drinking? 2.69 Often
3. Do your parents know you drink alcohol? 2.49 Sometimes
4. Do your parents permit you to drink alcohol at home? 2.91 Often
Legend:
4.00 – 3.25 Always
3.24 – 2.50 Often
2.49- 1.75 Sometimes
1.724– 1.00 Never

Table 4.1 Perceptions in Drinking Alcohol

STATEMENTS Mean Verbal Description

1. I believe people have the right to drink if they want to. 2.09 Disagree
2. Alcoholic beverages are enjoyable and make people feel good. 2.05 Disagree
3. The use of alcoholic beverages is normal. 2.11 Disagree
4. I believe that drinking any type of alcoholic beverage is Disagree
considered as drinking socially. 2.05
5. Beverages, in any amount, will make an individual dependent. 2.97 Agree
6. Drinking alcoholic beverages moderately is not harmful. 2.60 Agree
7. I am against using alcohol at any time. 2.65 Agree
8. Alcohol, in small amounts, is considered beneficial. 2.65 Agree
9. Alcoholic beverages relieve the daily tensions. 2.50 Agree
10. I am favorable to drinking moderately. 2.57 Agree
11. Small amounts of alcohol can cause dependence. 2.52 Agree
12. There are people who know how to drink and know how to Agree
control themselves. 2.65
Legend:
4.00 – 3.25 Strongly Disagree
3.24 – 2.50 Agree
2.49- 1.75 Disagree
1.74– 1.00 Strongly Disagree
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

The tables 4.0 and 4.1 show the opinion of the respondents in every corresponding

statement. 2.97 or 31.60% of the respondents agrees with the statement that beverages,

in any amount can make an individual dependent. 2.65 or 35.06% of the respondents are

against in using alcohol at any time. 2.65 or 43.83% of the respondents agrees with the

statement that alcohol in small amounts is considered beneficial. 2.65 or 33.09% of the

respondents agrees with the statement that there are people who knows how to drink and

knows how to control themselves. 2.05 or 29.38% of the respondents agrees with the

statement that alcoholic beverages are enjoyable, and it can make people feel good. 2.09

or 15.43% of the respondents disagrees with the statement that people have the right to

drink if they want to. 2.11 or 25.68% of the respondents disagrees with the statement that

the use of alcohol is normal. Also, 2.91 or 14.94% of the respondents said that their

parents often permit them to drink alcohol at home. And that when they drink 2.69 or

18.89% respondents often have five or more drinks of alcohol at a time. 2.49 or 20.74%

of the respondents said that their parents sometimes know they drink alcohol.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Significant Differences of the Respondents

Table 5. Age of the Respondents

Statements Age
16 17 18 19
Mean VD Mean VD Mean VD Mean VD
1. How often do you drink alcohol? 3.33 Always 2.19 Sometimes 2.04 Sometimes 2.05 Sometimes
2. Do you ever have five or more drinks of
3.50 Always 2.06 Sometimes 2.04 Sometimes 2.05 Sometimes
alcohol at a time when drinking?
3. Do your parents know you drink alcohol? 2.17 Sometimes 1.98 Sometimes 2.13 Sometimes 2.37 Sometimes
4. Do your parents permit you to drink alcohol
2.50 Often 1.97 Sometimes 2.08 Sometimes 1.95 Sometimes
at home?

1. I believe people have the right to drink if they

3.50 Strongly 3.02 Agree 2.97 Agree 2.65 Agree
want to.
Agree
2. Alcoholic beverages are enjoyable and make
2.50 Agree 2.63 Agree 2.61 Agree 2.33 Agree
people feel good.

3. The use of alcoholic beverages is normal. 2.83 Strongly 2.70 Agree 2.65 Agree 2.47 Agree
Agree

4. I believe that drinking any type of alcoholic

3.00 Agree 2.64 Agree 2.66 Agree 2.51 Agree
beverage is considered as drinking socially.

5.Beverages, in any amount, will make an

2.67 Agree 2.52 Agree 2.45 Disagree 3.16 Agree
individual dependent.
6. Drinking alcoholic beverages moderately is
3.00 Agree 2.59 Agree 2.58 Agree 2.33 Disagree
not harmful.
7. I am against using alcohol at any time. 2.67 Agree 2.54 Agree 2.52 Agree 2.44 Disagree

8. Alcohol, in small amounts, is considered

3.33 Strongly 2.68 Agree 2.65 Agree 2.47 Disagree
beneficial.
Agree
9. Alcoholic beverages relieve the daily tensions. 3.17 Agree 2.57 Agree 2.53 Agree 2.40 Disagree

10. I am favorable to drinking moderately. 3.17 Agree 2.74 Agree 2.68 Agree 2.56 Agree
11. Small amounts of alcohol can cause
3.17 Agree 2.54 Agree 2.46 Disagree 2.44 Disagree
dependence
12. There are people who know how to drink
3.67 Strongly 2.92 Agree 2.91 Agree 2.70 Agree
and know how to control themselves.
Agree
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

The table 5 shows the perceptions in drinking alcohol of the respondents in relation

to their age. 16 years old respondents strongly agreed on the following statements: “There

are people who knows how to drink and knows how to control themselves.” with a mean

of 3.67, “I believe people have the right to drink if they want to.” with a mean of 3.50, and

“Alcohol, in small amounts, is considered beneficial.” with a mean of 3.33. There are

respondents who agreed on the following statements: “Alcoholic beverages are enjoyable

and can make people feel good.” with a mean of 2.50, “Beverages, in any amount, will

make an individual dependent” with a mean of 2.67, “I am against in using alcohol at any

time” with a mean of 2.67, and “The use of alcoholic beverages is normal” with a mean of

2.83.

17 years old respondents have different opinions wherein the respondents agreed

on the following statements: “ I believe people have the right to drink if they want to” with

a mean of 3.02, “There are people who knows how to drink and knows how to control

themselves” with a mean of 2.92, “alcoholic beverages are normal” with a mean of 2.70,

“Beverages, in any amount, will make an individual independent” with a mean of 2.52, “I

am against in using alcohol at the same time” with a mean of 2.54, “Small amounts of

alcohol can cause dependence” with a mean of 2.54, and “Alcohol relieves daily tension”

with a mean of 2.57.

. 18 years old respondents also have different opinions wherein the respondents

agreed with the following statements: “I believe people have the right to drink if they want
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

to” with a mean of 2.97, “There are people who knows how to drink and knows how to

control themselves” with a mean of 2.91, “I am favorable to drinking moderately” with a

mean of 2.68. there are 18 years old respondents who disagreed with the following

statements: “Beverages in any amount, will make an individual dependent” with a mean

of 2.45, and “Small amounts of alcohol can cause dependence” with a mean of 2.46. there

are respondents who are against with alcohol use at any time, with a mean of 2.52.

19 years old respondents also have different opinions from the other age group.

The respondents agreed on the following statements: “Beverages, in any amount, will

make an individual dependent” with a mean of 3.16, “There are people who knows how

to drink and knows how to control themselves” with a mean of 2.70, “I believe people

have the right to drink if they want to” with a mean of 2.65. There are 19 years old

respondents who disagreed on the following statements: “Drinking alcoholic beverages is

not harmful” with a mean of 2.33, “alcoholic beverages relieve the daily tensions” with a

mean of 2.40, “I believe people have the right to drink if they want to” with a mean of 2.44,

and “Small amount of alcohol can cause dependence” with a mean of 2.44.

When it comes to the alcohol use of the respondents, 16 years old respondents

always drink alcohol while other age range sometimes drink alcohol. 16 years old

respondents said that when they drink alcohol they always have five or more drink at a

time while other age range consumes five or more drink sometimes. And according to all

the respondents their parents sometimes know if they consume or drink alcohol. The
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

parents of the respondents whose age group is from 17-19 sometimes permit their

children to drink alcohol at home while the according to the 16 years old respondents,

their parents often permits them to drink alcohol at home.

Table 5.1 Sex of the Respondents

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Sex

Statements Male Female

Verbal Verbal
Mean Mean
Description Description
1.97 Sometimes 2.26 Sometimes
1. How often do you drink alcohol?
2. Do you ever have five or more drinks of alcohol at a time when 1.96 Sometimes 2.19 Sometimes
drinking?
2.06 Sometimes 2.18 Sometimes
3. Do your parents know you drink alcohol?
2.01 Sometimes 2.10 Sometimes
4. Do your parents permit you to drink alcohol at home?
2.97
Agree 2.97 Agree
1. I believe people have the right to drink if they want to.

2.56 Agree 2.65 Agree

2. Alcoholic beverages are enjoyable and make people feel good.
2.59 Agree 2.74 Agree
3. The use of alcoholic beverages is normal.
4. I believe that drinking any type of alcoholic beverage is considered 2.59 Agree 2.73 Agree
as drinking socially.
2.36 Disagree 2.71 Agree
5. Beverages, in any amount, will make an individual dependent.
2.54 Agree 2.62 Agree
6. Drinking alcoholic beverages moderately is not harmful.
2.54 Agree 2.50 Agree
7. I am against using alcohol at any time.
2.63 Agree 2.68 Agree
8. Alcohol, in small amounts, is considered beneficial.
2.48 Disagree 2.61 Agree
9. Alcoholic beverages relieve the daily tensions.
2.64 Agree 2.77 Agree
10. I am favorable to drinking moderately.
2.39 Disagree 2.63 Agree
11. Small amounts of alcohol can cause dependence.
12. There are people who know how to drink and know how to control 2.92 Agree 2.88 Agree
themselves.

Table 5.1 shows that male respondents agreed on the following statements: “I

believe people have the right to drink if they want to.” with a mean of 2.97, “There are
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

people who know how to drink and know how to control themselves.” With a mean of

2.92, and “I am favorable to drinking moderately.” with a mean of 2.64. There are male

respondents who disagreed on the following statements. “Beverages, in any amount, will

make an individual dependent.” With a mean of 2.36, “small amounts of alcohol can cause

dependence.” With a mean of 2.39, and “Alcoholic beverages relieve the daily tensions.”

With a mean of 2.46.

For the female respondents, they agreed on the following statements: “I believe

people have the right to drink if they want to” with a mean of 2.97, “There are people who

know how to drink and know how to control themselves” with a mean of 2.88, “I am

favorable to drinking moderately” with a mean of 2.77, “I am against using alcohol at any

time” with a mean of 2.50, “ Alcoholic beverages relieve the daily tensions” with a mean

of 2.61, and “Drinking alcoholic beverages moderately is not harmful” with a mean of 2.62.

Both male and female sometimes drink alcohol and they sometimes have five or

more drinks of alcohol at a time when drinking. Both of the respondents answered that

their parents sometimes know when they drink alcohol and their parents sometimes

permit them to drink at home.

 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Table 5.3 Strands of the Respondents

Strands

ABM HUMSS STEM

Statements
Verbal Verbal
Mean Mean Mean Verbal Description
Description Description

2.03 Sometimes 2.03 Sometimes 2.13 Sometimes

1. How often do you drink alcohol?
2. Do you ever have five or more drinks of 1.97 Sometimes 2.11 Sometimes 2.08 Sometimes
alcohol at a time when drinking?
2.13 Sometimes 2.21 Sometimes 2.08 Sometimes
3. Do your parents know you drink alcohol?
4. Do your parents permit you to drink 2.03 Sometimes 2.11 Sometimes 2.04 Sometimes
alcohol at home?
1. I believe people have the right to drink if 2.95 Agree 2.99 Agree 2.97 Agree
they want to.
2. Alcoholic beverages are enjoyable and 2.54 Agree 2.58 Agree 2.62 Agree
make people feel good.
2.58 Agree 2.64 Agree 2.68 Agree
3. The use of alcoholic beverages is normal.
4. I believe that drinking any type of
2.60 Agree 2.62 Agree 2.68 Agree
alcoholic beverage is considered as drinking
socially.
5. Beverages, in any amount, will make an 2.32 Disagree 2.57 Agree 2.59 Agree
individual dependent.
6. Drinking alcoholic beverages moderately 2.54 Agree 2.53 Agree 2.59 Agree
is not harmful.
2.47 Disagree 2.61 Agree 2.54 Agree
7. I am against using alcohol at any time.
8. Alcohol, in small amounts, is considered 2.54 Agree 2.61 Agree 2.71 Agree
beneficial.
9. Alcoholic beverages relieve the daily 2.44 Disagree 2.50 Agree 2.58 Agree
tensions.
2.60 Agree 2.71 Agree 2.73 Agree
10. I am favorable to drinking moderately.
11. Small amounts of alcohol can cause 2.37 Disagree 2.42 Disagree 2.55 Agree
dependence.
12. There are people who know how to 2.89 Agree 2.89 Agree 2.92 Agree
drink and know how to control themselves.
 JMJ Marist Brothers
Notre Dame of Marbel University
Integrated Basic Education Department
Senior High School
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Table 5.3 shows that respondents from ABM agreed with the following statements:

“I believe people have the right to drink if they want to” with a mean of 2.95, “There are

people who know how to drink and know how to control themselves” with a mean of 2.89,

“I believe that drinking any type of alcoholic beverage is considered as drinking socially“

with a mean of 2.60, and “I am favorable to drinking moderately” with a mean of 2.60.

there are respondents from ABM who disagreed with the following statements:

“Beverages, in any amount, will make an individual dependent” with a mean of 2.32,

“Small amounts of alcohol can cause dependence” with a mean of 2.37, and “Alcoholic

beverages relieve the daily tensions” with a mean of 2.44.