c

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEACH

A. Design of the research

This research is descriptive study. It uses descriptive quantitative approach to

describe the student comprehension about text genre. ³Descriptive study involves

collecting data to answer question concerning the currents status of the subject of the

study´1. This study is also defined as a quantitative research. ³The quantitative research

is a kind of research analysis which is done with statistical procedure´2. This research

use quantitative because the topic of discussion will be measured described in form of

explanation.

£. Population and Sample

1. Population

In this research the researcher use random sampling, that is, ³the way of sample

withdrawal from population member at random without consider the strata of population

member. It is done because the population is homogeny´.3 The population of this

research is all of the English Student in 2007/2008 year. The numbers of populations are

82 students.

1
Kountur, Ronny. 2009. Metode Penelitian. Buana Printing: Jakarta. P. 108.
2
Ibid.P. 105.
3
Riduan, M.B.A, ÷

 
 , Bandung: Alfabeta, 2003.
 c

Table 1:The Total Student in Academic Year 2007-2010

No Class Numbers
1 VI A 24
2 VI B 31
3 VI C 27
Total 82
÷
  


 

Œ. Sample

Sample is a part of representative of population4. The sample will be a part from

all of the students. According to Nasution,´ The Quality of the research, not always

depend on the big of sample but also depend on the basic of the research, design of the

research, quality of the research process and its preparation´.5 So in this research, the

researcher use 35 students who were take randomly from three classes. The researcher

just takes 35 students as the sample because 35 students have been assumed can deputize

all population.

C. Technique for Collecting Data

To collect the data researcher uses the following instruments:

1. Questionnaire

Questionnaire is one of technique of collecting data by respondent6. The kind of

questionnaire in this research is open questionnaire. It is open and question that give

freedom for respondent to answer the question. This questionnaire used to find the data

about the problem faced by the student in comprehend genre.

4
Op.cit. P.142.
5
Riduan,Op.Cit .P.12
6
Amirul Hadi dan Haryono. 1998. ›


  . Pustaka Setia.:Bandung. P. 137.
 å

Œ. Test

³Test is appliance to collecting data in the form of practice or question used to

measure ability of knowledge, intelligence, talent or ability had by individual or group of

people.´7 The researcher uses the test to collect the data about student comprehension

about text genre. The writer gives a multiple choice test, which is focused on descriptive,

narrative, procedure, hortatory exposition and spoof text. This test consists of 50 items.

The genre materials are stated in the 1994 English curriculum and the 2004 curriculum

for Senior High School. Therefore, this test is valid since it used content validity.

Content validity is concerning level of truth from an instrument measure content of area

which is wanted to measure.8 The valid test must provide consistently accurate

measurements. It must reliable. It means that a valid test must be reliable as well.

Table II : The Total Item of Multiple Choice Tests

No Kind Of Text Genre Item Number

1 Spoof text 1-10
2 Narrative Text 11-20
3 Hortatory Exposition text 21-30
4 Procedure text 31-40
5 Description Text 41-50

D. Instrument

1. Questionnaire

Questionnaire is one of technique of collecting data by respondent. The kind of

questionnaire in this research is open questionnaire. It is open and question that give

freedom for respondent to answer the question. This questionnaire used to find the data

about the problem faced by the student in comprehend genre.

7
Op.cit. P. 30.
8
Ronny. Op. Cit. P.164.
 å

Œ. Test

Test is appliance to collecting data in the form of practice or question used to

measure ability of knowledge, intelligence, talent or ability had by individual or group of

people. The researcher uses the test to collect the data about student comprehension

about text genre. The writer gives a multiple choice test, which is focused on descriptive,

narrative, procedure, hortatory exposition and spoof text. This test consists of 50 items.

The genre materials are stated in the 1994 English curriculum and the2004 curriculum

for the junior and senior high school. Therefore, this test is valid since it used content

validity. The valid test must provide consistently accurate measurements. It must

reliable. It means that a valid test must be reliable as well.

Table 3.3: The Total Item of Multiple Choice Tests

No Kind Of Text Genre Item Number

1 Spoof Text 1-10
2 Narrative Text 11-20
3 Hortatory Exposition Text 21-30
4 Procedure Text 31-40
5 Descriptive Text 41-50

E. Technique of Data Analysis

1. After the students do test. The result of the test will be collected. To find out

percentage of the true answer from each item of test, the researcher will make it in

percentage by using formula as:

o  


Explanation:
S = the percentage that is found
 å

R = Number of right answer

N = Number of test item9

2. Getting result of the percentage. And After classifying in every category researcher,

count mean of every category text genre by using formula:


>


Explanation:

M = Mean percentage

™%= the total number of percentage

N = the total number respondent or respondent10

3. Finally, after knowing the percentage of students comprehension about text genre, the

researcher will conform the result into the five scale based on Nugriyantoro :

88% - 100% = very good

75% - 87% = good
60% - 74% = enough
45% - 59% = low
< 44% = very low11

For addition information, researcher will give open questionnaire to get information

about the problems faced by the student in comprehending text genre.

9
Op.cit. P.48.
10
Ibid. P.49
11
Ibid.