olUxufuJ

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olUxufuJ
(1)

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atmf[pfajymvkdufjcif;yif jzpfygonf/
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aomufaom t&ufrSmvnf; tpkd;&csufxm;aom jynfawmfom csuft&ufvnf;r[kwf/
&efukefNrdKU\ wpfckaom &yfuGufMuD; twGif;0,f tjrnf; pm;p&m pkHvifpGmjzifh rD;acsmif;rsm;
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avmuf t&ufykvif;aygif;rsm;pGm rsdKcsEkdifaom ukdarmifeDu uRefawmfh zufokdY vSnfhvkduf\/
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ukdarmifeDu ajymajymqkdqkd jr0wD r*¾Zif;cefY&dS tzkH;eDeDESifh pmtkyfwpftkyfukd qGJxkwfvkdufojzifh
uRefawmfu tvefYwMum; uRefawmf\ vG,ftdwfukd aumuf,lNyD; ESKdufMunfhrd\/
tb,faMumifhqkdaomf uRefawmf ,aeY 0,fvmaom &Ir0pmtkyfukd &kH;rS zkdifzkH;teDwpfckjzifh csKyfí
vmcJhojzifh ol xkwf,lvkdufaom pmtkyf\ t&G,ftpm;ESifh wax&mwnf; w&G,fwnf; jzpfae
aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ okdYaomf uRefawmf\ &Ir0pmtkyfrSm uRefawmfh\ vG,ftdwfxJwGifyif
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trsdK;om;wpfOD; qif;vmojzifh aumifrav;u tajy;tvTm; oGm;MudKaeaomykHjzpf\/
wwd,ykHrSm wpfOD;ukd wpfOD; wif;MuyfpGm ayGUzuf&if; ESKwfcrf;csif; tirf;r& pkyfaeMuykHjzpf\/
aemuf trsdK;orD;av;u um;ay: okdY ygoGm;\/
xkdYaemuf [kdw,fwpfck\ tcef;wpfckwGif;0,f t&ufrsm; pm;p&mrsm; rSmí pm;aomufaeMu\/
xkdYaemufwGifum; wpfykHNyD; wpfykH aomif;usef;í vmMuawmh\/ aumifuav;u
aumifrav;qD ckeful;oGm;í aumifrav;\ tusÐrsm;ukd wpfckNyD; wpfck jzKwfypfojzifh
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ay:vmawmh\/ xkdYaemufwGifum; ukda&Tarmif,kd;',m;onf "gwfykH tpOD;rsm;rSmuJhokdY
tdajEéESifh r[kwfyJ aomifMurf;ívmawmh\/ vufwpfzufu aumifrav;\ cg;av;ukd
wtm;zufítjcm;wpfzufuykckH;av;ukdukdifumEkdUuav;wpfvkH;tm;wtm;ukefukef;pkyfawmh\/
ol o&rf;orQukd aumifrav;u NyHK;NyHK;av; onf;cH&Sm\/ aemuf tirf;r& jzpfvmum
aumifrav;ukd ayGUí pmyGJckHab;&Sd ukwifay: okdY wifvkduf&m olr\ukd,fav;rSm
ukwifay:0,f a&mufaeNyD;vQif aygifwHESifh ajcovkH;wkdYrSm avxJwGif ,ufuef,ufuef
jzpfaeonfukd awGU&\/ aemuf aumifuav;u olYabmif;bDukd cRwfí MuD;rm;vSaom
ol\ vdifwefMuD;ukd aumifrav;\ ckH;xaeaom apmufywfMuD;twGif;okdY xkd;xnfhum
tm;yg;w& pdwf&Sdvuf&Sd vkyfaeykHrsm;yifjzpf\/ aumifav;\ vD;wefMuD;ESifh aumifrav;\
apmufywfMuD;wkdY wyfvQufom; t&nfrsm;jzifh ajymifvufaeaom teD;uyf &kdufxm;onfh
"gwfykHrSmvnf; toufygvSonf/
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av;a'gifhuefokdY oGm;&ef qkdufum;(2)pD;jzifh rvTukef;blwmqDokdY vmMu&m0,f
vrf;MuHKojzifh uRefawmfu tdrfjyefaemufusrnf jzpfaMumif;ajym&ef tdrfa&SUwGif
qkdufum; acwÅ&yfum 0ifajym\/ tdrfay:rS jyefqif;umeD;wGif c,frjzpfol wifwifu
olrSmvkdufaom &Ir0 pmtkyfawmif;ojzifh uRefawmfu xkwfay;cJh\/ ava'gifhuef&Sd
aomufaz: aomufzufwpfOD;jzpfol ukdaomif;jrifhu uRefawmfwkdYukd zdwfxm;onfrSm
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tdrfwGifyif uRefawmfwkdYukd {nfhcH\/ uRefawmfvnf; tkdufpyfpyf&Sdonfjzpfí
a&mufa&mufcsif;yif ukdaomif;jrifhom; tMuD;aumifqDu a&vJykqkd;awmif;í
a&w0csdK;ypfvdkuf\/ a&csdK;NyD;awmh wpfaeYvkH; NiD;pDpD jzpfaewmESifh apmapmu
t&ufqdkifwGifaomufxm;aomcyftkHtkHjzpfaeaomcHpm;csufwkdYuvGifhaysmufoGm;avawmhonf/
xkdpOfrSmyif uRefawmfonf wpfpkHwpfckukd oGm;í owd&vkdufrdNyD; tdrfay:okdYwufum
t0wftpm;rsm; tjrefvJí uRefawmf\ vG,ftdwfukd,lum txJrS tzkH;eDjzifh pmtkyfukd
xkwfMunfhvkduf&m uRefawmfawGUvkduf&onfuawmh &Ir0pmtkyfyif jzpfawmh\/
]][kduf oGm;NyD}}
uRefawmfonf acgif;ebrf;MuD;oGm;&awmh\/ apmapmu tdrfwGif uRefawmf wifwifukd
xkwfay;cJhaom pmtkyfrSm "gwfykHrsm;ygaom ]] avmuDaMu;rkH}} pmtkyfyif jzpfawmhavonf/
ukdaomif;jrifhu bJom;csufí t&uftvQHty,fjzifh {nfhcHaomfvnf; uRefawmfrSm tmrawGU
awmhay? aemufqHwif;ae\/ 'geJY apmapmbJ vlpkcGJum jyefvmcJhawmhonf/
uRefawmf tdrfjyefa&mufawmh rkd;csKyfumpbJ &Sdao;\/ cgwkdif;vkd atmufajcvGwfatmif rl;raeyg/
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uRefawmf jyefvmvQif avScg;&if;rS qD;MudKí atmfMuD;[pfus,f rvkyf&ef acsmharmhí
tdyf&mwGif;okdY ykdYay;jcif;ukd 0wÅ&m;rysuf vkyfwwfaom uRefawmf\ZeD; rcifrGefrSm
xGufí rvmygacs/ cyfvSrf;vSrf;rSm aq;vdyfzGmí rsufvkH;a'gufaxmufMunfhaeaom
uRefawmf\ a,mufcr tzGm;MuD;vnf; &Sdraeay/tdrfa&SUcef;wGifb,folrSvnf; &Sdíraeay/
uRefawmf\ rdef;ruvnf; xGufí rvmojzifh uRefawmfonf vG,fxm;aom vG,ftdwfukd
tdrfa&SU&Sd ckHay: okdY wifvkdufNyD; tdyfcef;xJokdY awmufavsmuf 0ifoGm;awmh\/
tdyfcef;xJ&Sd uRefawmfwkdY\ ukwifMuD;ay:wGifawmh ZmjcifaxmifrSm csxm;NyD; txJwGif
trGefrSm uRefawmf&Sd&mzufokdU ausmay;um wapmifav; tdyfaeonfukd cyfa&;a&;av;
awGUae&\/ tdyfcef;xJwGifvnf; rD;vkH;xGef;rxm;yJ ukwifacgif;&if;zuf tay:zufwGif
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csxm;aom Zmjcifaxmifukd tomrum txJodkY Munfhvkduf\/ trGef\ cg;rS 0wfxm;aom
xrDav;onf ajyavsmhum wifyg;apmif;ay: okdY usaeNyD; jzL0if;aom wifyg;om;rSm ay: xGufae
\/
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'l;acgif; tay:em;av;xd vdyfwufum olr\ ajcovkH;om;av;rsm;ESifh aygifzsm;av;wkdYrSm
0if;ypGm awGU&\/ uRefawmf\ a&SUem;rS trGef\ wifom;MuD;rSmvnf; cgwkdif;xufyif ykdí
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ajymajymqkdqkdyif uRefawmfu olr\ ukd,fvkH;av;ukd zufum olr\ yg;jyifESpfzufukd
erf;vkduf\/ NyD;awmh uRefawmfh\ vufrsm;u yufvufvefoGm;NyDjzpaom olr\ ukd,fay:rS
avsmh&J&J xrDav;ukd ajczsm;qDokdY qGJcRwfypfvkduf\/ NyD;awmh uRefawmf\ vufu olr\
apmufzkwfav;ukd prf;um zGzGav; yGwfay;aerd\/ xkdokdY yGwfay;vkdufvQifyif uRefawmfh
vufatmufrS olr\ apmufzkwfav;rSm cyfrmrmav; jzpfaeonfukd awGU&onfhtjyif
,cifu cyfxlxlav; jzpfaeaom olr\ apmufarT;av;rsm;rSmvnf; r&Sdawmhay/
t&ifuRefawmf &dwfckdif;wkef;u r&dyf ? ckawmh olYzmom &dwfay;xm;onf/
uRefawmf\ vufu olr\ apmufzkwfav;ukd cyfzGzGav; cPwmrQom
yGwfay;ae&ao;onf/ olr\ apmufywf tuGJaMumif; wavsmufwGif t&nfav;rsm;
pdrfhpkdí xGufvmMuonfukd owdxm;rdvkdufonf/ trGefuawmh rsufvkH;uav;rsm;ukd
rSdwfxm;um pum;wpfcGef;rQ rajymay/ olr\ apmufywfukd cyfzGzGav; yGwfay;aeaom
uRefawmfh vufonf zGzGav;yGwf&mrS cyfzdzdav; yGwfvkdufawmh&m olr\ aygifav;ESpfvkH;rSm
tenf;i,f um;í oGm;awmh\/ uRefawmfuvnf; olr\tusÐukd pdwf&Snfvuf&Snfxm;í
cRwfay;NyD;onfESifh uRefawmf\ vufu olr\ EkdYoD;acgif;av;rsm;ukd acsrGí ay;aerdonf/
jzLjzLrkdYrkdYav; jzpfaeaom olr\ yg;jyifav;ukdvnf; wpfcsuf wpfcsuf ikHYí erf;vkdufao;onf/
rMumcifrSmwif olr\ aygifwHjzLjzLav;rsm;rSm ajrmufvkduf
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tawmfav; usyfusyfwnf;wnf;av; jzpfaeaom olrapmufywfav;\ tawGUaMumifh
t&omawGUoGm;aom uRefawmfu vD;wefMuD;ukd olr\ apmufywfxJwGif wqkH;xd
oGif;xm;NyD; olr\ukd,fay:okdY arSmufcsum EkdYav;wpfvkH;ukd ikHum pkdYvkdufavawmh\/
uRefawmf ikHvkdufrdaom olr\ EkdYoD;acgif;av;rSm ao;NyD; csyf0ifaeoa,mifjzpfum
qlqlNzdK;NzdK; trGef\ EkdYtkHrsm;rSmvnf; ,cktcg vkH;vkH;uspfuspfav; jzpfaeonfukd
owdxm;vkdufrdawmh&m tenf;i,frQ pdwfxJwGif wrsdK;jzpfoGm;&aom uRefawmfonf
trGef\ rsufESmukd aocsmpGmMunfvkdufrd\/jcifaxmifay: acgif;&if;eH&HwGif xGef;xm;aom
ig;wkdiftm; rD;a&mifu jcifaxmiftrkd;cHaeí cyfrSdefrdSef cyfjyjyav;om&Sdaom
tvif;a&mifatmufrS rsufvkH;av;rsm;rdSwfum ESKwfcrf;av;rsm; wif;wif;aphí
rmefwif;xm;ykHav;rSm pGJrufp&m awGUjrifvkduf&\/ pifxm;aom cyfxlxl
rsufawmifaumhMuD;rsm;rSmvnf; uRefawmf\ b0ifukd csKyfukdifvkdufMuonf/
uRefawmf aocsmpGm Munfhí teD;uyf awGUjrifvkuf&aom rsufESmav;rSm uRefawmf\
rdef;r trGef\ rsufESmav; r[kwfyg/ c,fracsmav; wifwif\ rsufESmav;om jzpfawmh\/
uRefawmfonf acgif;eyef;MuD;oGm;&ayr,fh tajctaet& olruvnf;
vkdvdkcsifcsif&Sdíaeavonf/ uRefawmfuvnf; tpu uRefawmf\ ZeD; trGef[k xifum
tpysdK;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ olu rjiif;? tckvnf; uRefawmf\ aoG;om;rsm;rSm tqkH;pGefqkH; xí
ae&acsNyD/ uRefawmfonf a&SUokdYquf&efom &Sdawmh\/
uRefawmfh\ vD;wefMuD;ukd wifwif\ apmufywfxJrS avsmueJ qGJí txkwfvkdufwGifawmh
olr\ wif;wif;aphxm;aom ESKwfcrf;av;ESpfvTmonf yGifhí oGm;um olr\ yg;pyfav;onf
[í oGm;&awmh\/ tm;jzifh aqmifhí vkd;&ef &nf&G,fcsuf&Sdxm;cJhaom uRefawmfonf trGef
r[kwfyJ wifwifqkdwm odvkduf&onfESifh uRefawmf\ vD;wefMuD;ukd ajz;ajz;yif jyefí
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EkdYwpfvkH;ukd pkdYay;aepOf wjcm;EkdYwpfvkH;ukdvnf; vufjzifh qkyfe,facsrG ay;ae\/
rMumrDrSmyif wifwif\ EkdYoD;acgif;av;rsm;onf axmifí vmMuawmhonfhtjyif
uRefawmf\ vD;wefMuD; toGif;vkdufwGifvnf; wifwif\ zifom;jzLjzLMuD;rsm;rSm wufvm&awmh
\/
apmufywftopfuav;\ aumif;rGefvSaom tawGUaMumifh e*kdxJurS &rufaZm
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vIyfcgae&if; olronf &ifbwfav; ajrmufvmvdkuf zifav;aumhvmvkduf jzpfaeawmhonf/
xkdYjyif wifwif\ vufESpfzufonfvnf; uRefawmf\ ausmjyifus,fMuD;ukd zufwG,fívmjyD;
wpfcsuf wpfcsuf armhí wufoGm;&aom olr\ rsufESmav;wGifawmh ESKwfcrf;zl;av;rsm;rSm
wqwfqwf wkefíom aeawmh\/

aqmifhí vkd;&if; vkd;&if;jzifh wifwif\ ukd,fvkH;av;onfvnf; ajrmufí

twefMumatmif Nidrfí aeum tarmajyí aeMuNyD;vQif uRefawmfonf acgif;axmifí
xvkduf\/ NyD;awmh olr\ apmufywfxJrS vD;wefMuD;ukd wpfacsmif;vkH; qGJí rcRwfao;yJ
wpf0ufrQom xkwfí ajz;ajz;av; jyefoGif;um tnifomqkH;ESKef;jzifh vkd;í ay;aevkduf\/
,cktcsdefxd uRefawmfonf wifwiftm; rodovkdyif b,fvkdrS rac: bJ tomaecJhonf/
uRefawmf\ vD;wefMuD;rSmvnf; wpfcsDNyD;oGm;aomfvnf; tysdKpifapmufywfav;\ tawGU
aMumifh rmefwufum vkH;0 aysmhacGroGm;yJ &Sd&mrS ,ckwzef vD;wefMuD; wpf0ufrQjzifh oGif;csD
xkwfcsD vkd;ay;aejyefawmh wcPtwGif;rSmyif uRefawmf\ vD;wefMuD;rSm pHcsdefrSDatmifyif
jyefvnfí MuD;xGm;vmawmh\/ aoG;om; qlNzdK;vGef;vSaom wifwifonfvnf; jyefí
pdwfygvufygav; jzpfvm&onfukd awGU&ojzifh uRefawmfonf vD;wefMuD;ukd wifwif\
apmufywfxJokdY tukefoGif; tukefxkwfum cyfzdzdav; aqmifhí vkd;ay;aeygawmhonf/
tcsuf(20)rQ vkd;ay;NyD;aom tcgwGifawmh uRefawmfonf tm;&yg;& aqmifhum (2)Budrf
(3)Budrfavmuf aqmifhí xnfhvkduf\/
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vkdufavawmhonf/ xkdaemufwGifawmh uRefawmfu ajc&ifzuf&Sd olr\ xrDav;ukd
vSrf;í qGJum olr\ apmufywfESifh vD;wefBuD;ukd okwfay;vkdufawmh\/
wifwifuawmh olr\ rsufvkH;av;rsm;ukd ykwfcwf ykwfcwfvkyfí uRefawmfhukd
tomav;Munfh\/ uRefawmfuawmh wifwifrSef; rodav[efjzifhyif olr\ ab;wGif
0ifí vSJvkdufum uRefawmfonf olr\ ukd,fvkH;av;ukd zufvkduf\/ NyD;awmh
wifwif\ ezl;av; ar;aphav;ESifh yg;jyifav;ESpfzufwkdYukd erf;ae&m wifwifuvnf;
olr\ rsufESmav;ukd cyfarmharmh vkyfay;um terf;cHae\/
olr\ rsufESmav;tESHYukd tm;&atmif erf;NyD;onfESifh uRefawmfonf zl;zl;av;a0um
wifwifcrsmrSmvnf; olr\ ESKwfcrf;av;ESifh uRefawmf\ ESKwfcrf;ukd w>ywf>ywfESifh
jyefvSefum pkyfay;ae&Sm\/ olr\ vufwpfzufuawmh uRefawmf\ ukd,fukd okdif;í
zufxm;um usefaom wifwif\ vufwpfzufuawmh olrESifh uRefawmfh tMum;wGif
a&mufaeNyD; uRefawmf\ vD;wefBuD;atmufwGif ydae\/ olr\ ESKwfcrf;av;rsm;ukd
pkyferf;&if; wifwif\ Adkufom;av;rsm;ESifh olr\ qD;ckHav;wkdYukd yGwfay;aeaom
uRefawmf\ vufonf wifwif\ ajymifovif;cgaeaom apmufzkwftkHav;ay: okdY
a&mufoGm;um zGzGav; yGwfay;ae&m tarT; trQif vkH;0r&Sdaom wifwif\ apmufzkwfav;
onf acsmarGU nufanmí tdpufvsuf &Sd&um; uRefawmfhtzkdY xdawGUí yGwfay;ae&onfrSm
t&omawGUvSonf/ uRefawmf\ vufonfyif tdpuf axG;tdaeaom olr\ apmufzkwf
azmif;azmif;av;ukd wpfcsuf wpfcsufwGif omomav; zdMunfh rdaeao;\/
cPMumawmh uRefawmfonf wifwif\ ESKwfcrf;rsm;qDrS uRefawmf\ ESKwfcrf;rsm;ukd
cGmvkdufum olr\ ab;wGif 'l;axmufvsuf xkdifvkduf\/ NyD;awmh uRefawmf\ rsufESmu
olr\ &ifbwfay: okdYtyfum vufwpfzufuvnf; uRefawmfwdkY ESpfa,mufMum;&Sd
wifwif\ vufav;ukd qJGukdifí rmawmifí aeaom uRefawmf\ vD;wefBuD;ukd olr\
vufz0g;xJokdY xnfhay;vkdufawmh\/ uRefawmfonf vQmukd wpfvpfav;xkwfum wifwif\
EkdYoD;acgif;av;rsm;ukd vQmjzifh yGwfum vsufum vkyfay;aecsdefrSmawmh wifwifonf
olr\ vufz0g;xJwGif a&mufaeaom uRefawmf\ vD;wefBuD;ukd yxrwGif w&G&Gjzifh
prf;um ukdifaeNyD;rS wajz;ajz; eJeJ wif;wif;ukdifum zspfnSpfí ay;vmawmh\/
uRefawmfh\ c,fracsm wifwifjzpfonfqkdonfh todESifh olr\ vufz0g;
EkEkav;wkdYaMumifh uRefawmf\ vD;wefBuD;rSm wpfpwpfp rmwif;í tqrwef BuD;xGm;um
vm&awmhonf/ wifwifonfvnf; olr\ aygifjzLjzL ESpfvkH;rSm vIyfvIyf&G&Gjzpfvsuf
olr\ aygifwpfzufukd qGJí axmifvkduf\/ NyD;awmh olr\ rsufvkH;av;rsm;onf yGifhí
rvmawmhbJ olr\ ESKwfacgif;zsm;rS touf&IoHrsm; jyif;xefí vmawmhonf/ olr\
EkdYav;rsm;qDrS uRefawmf\ rsufESmukd olr\OD;acgif;av;ab;okdY arSmufí wifwif\
em;qDokdYuyfum wkd;wkd;av; ajymvkduf\/
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]][if . . }}
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yg;jyifav; wpfzufukd MuifMuifememav; erf;um BuHK;íxvkdufNyD; olr\ ajc&if;bufab;ü
'l;axmufum xkdifvkduf&if; wifwif\ 0wfvpfpvpf ukd,fvkH;jzLjzLav;ukd
tmomirf;irf; Munfhaerd\/ tarT;trQif vkH;0r&Sdaom olr\ apmufywfav;\
tuGJaMumif;av;wpfavsmufwGif apmuf&nfav;rsm;rSm pdrfhxGufaeNyD; apmufywfESKwfcrf;
om;av; EspfckrSmvnf; azmif;wif;í ae\/ cPaeawmhrS wifwifonf rxl;awmhygbl;
qkdonfh oabmjzifh oufjyif;av;wpfcsufcsum vl;vJxvkduf\/ uRefawmfhukd rMunfhay/
xkdokdY csNyD;onfESifh wifwifonf tdyf,may: wGif 'l;axmufí a&SUwGif olr\
vufESpfzufukd qefYí axmufum av;zufukef;ay;vkdufawmhonf/
uRefawmfonf wifwif\ aemufzufokdY 'l;axmufvsuf wkd;uyfoGm;NyD; ukef;xm;aom
olr\ zifom;BuD;qDokdY wkd;uyfrdonfESifh toJ,m;zG,faumif;aom
aemufzufokdY plxGufaeonfhwifwif\ apmufywfESKwfcrf;om;ESpfckukd
vufrjzifh uyfum atmufrS tay: okdY qGJvsuf yGwfay;vdkufrd\/
]]tkd; . . . tukdY . . }}
wkd;nSif;aomtoHav; xGufay: vmNyD; wifwif\ zifom;BuD;rsm;rSm vIyfceJ
wpfcsufcgoGm;awmhonf/ NyD;onfESifh uRefawmfonf olr\ apmufywfxJokdY
vD;wefBuD;ukd awhum olr\ cg;av;ukd vufESpfzufjzifh xdef;ukdifum xkd;oGif;vkdufawmh\/
]]zGwf . . tifh . . uRwf . . uRwf . . }}
jyif;xefaom &rufpdwfaMumifh uRefawmfh\ vkd;oGifcsufrsm;onf jyif;xefí
oGm;awmh&m wifwif\ ukef;xm;aom cg;av;rSm wGefUoGm;NyD; olr\ ESKwfzsm;rSvnf;
pkyfuav;rsm;yif oyfvkduf&&Smonf/ wifwif\ apmufywfxJokdY wqkH;0ifí oGm;aom
uRefawmf\ vD;wefBuD;onf usOf;MuyfvSaom wifwif\ El;El;nHhnHh apmufacgif;om;
av;rsm;u twif;qGJnSpfvkdufovkd jzpfoGm;&aomaMumifh uRefawmfonfvnf;
wifwifukd nSm&ef pdwful;r&SdawmhbJ tm;&yg;&yif aqmifhum aqmifhum vkd;aeawmh\/
av;zufaxmufí zifukef;um tvkd;cHaeaom wifwifonfvnf; olr\ OD;acgif;av;rSm
ikdufoGm;rvkdjzpfvkduf vefíwufvmovkdjzifh umrt&omukd w0BuD; cHpm;ae&if; olr\
zifom;BuD;rsm;rSmvnf; uRefawmfh\ aqmifhtm;aMumifh tdaxG;aom tom;pkdifrsm;onf
wkefueJ wkefueJ jzpfí oGm;ae&onfrSm toJw,m;,m; tm;&zG,faumif;vSayawmhonf/
tvkd;cH&if;u xGufívmaom wifwif\ apmuf&nfawGuvnf; olr\ apmufzkwftkHwGif
omru aygifNcHESpfzufwGifvnf; ayyGae&awmh\/ wajz;ajz;jzifh wifwifhxHrS w[if;[if;
nD;oHav;awGuvnf; qufwkdufqkdovkd xGufay: vm&avawmh\/ olr\ a&SUwGif
axmufxm;aom oG,fvsaom olr\ jzLazG;aom vufuav;rsm;onfyif
wqwfqwf wkefí ae&Smavonf/ &rufpdwfrsm; jyif;xefí vm&mrS t&omrsm;
tDpdrfhí vm&aom uRefawmfonf wifwif\ cg;av;ukd vufESpfzufjzifh pkHukdifum
uRefawmf\ vD;wefBuD;ukd tqkH;eD;yg;xkwfum tm;ukefyif BuHK;í BuHK;í (10) csufrQ
aqmifhum vkd;ypfvkdufawmhonf/
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wifwif\ ukd,fvkH;av;rSm wkefcgoGm;vsufuyif a&SUokdY [wfxkd;usoGm;csdefrSmyif
uRefawmfuvnf; olr\ zifom;BuD;rsm;ukd twif;qGJí uyfum wifwif\
ausmjyifay: okdY arSmuf&ufom;av;ygoGm;avawmh\/ (5) rdepfavmuf Mumatmif
xyf&ufom;uav; tarmajzaeNyD;rS uRefawmfu ab;okdY yufvuf vSefcsvkdufum
rsufvkH;rSdwfí rdSef;aevkdufawmh\/ cPMumrQMumawmhrS wifwifu vl;vJxum
uRefawmfhukd ausmay;xm;&if; olr\ t0wftpm;rsm;ukd 0wfae\/ uRefawmfu
yufvufvSefae&mrS vufwpfzufjzifh olr\ zifom;jzLjzLBuD;ukd vSrf;í ukdifum
zspfnSpfay;aerdao;\/ t0wftpm;rsm; 0wfNyD;oGm;awmh wifwifonf
jcifaxmiftjyifokdY xGufum ukwifay: rS qif;vkdufav\/
]]ukd,f xrif; enf;enf;avmuf pm;&if aumif;rvm; rodbl; . . }}
]]tif; . . . }}
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t0wftpm;rsm;ukd ,lí 0wfvkduf\/ NyD;aemuf tdyf,may: okdYjyefí vSJcsvkdufrd&m
wcPwGif;rSmyif tdyfaysmfí oGm;&awmh\/
rnfrQMumatmif tdyfaysmfoGm;onfrod . .
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[laom trGef\toHukd Mum;vkdufrS uRefawmfonf vefYí Ekd;vmum vl;vJxí
ukwifay: rS qif;vkdufavawmh\/
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wGif0wfqifxm;onfrSm tar&duef EkdifvGeftuGufjzL vuf&Snf? befaumufvkHcsnf
eHYoma&mifESifhjzpf\/ acgif;wGifvnf; aocsmpGm uspfqHuspfí jyefxHk;um ykdufuGefjzifh
tkyfxm;&kHwGifru yef;tjzL wpfyGifhvnf; yefxm;ao;\/
]]rif; 'gb,fu jyefvmwmvJ 'DtcsdefusrS}}
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rrjyefrvmrSD oljyefvmNyD; xrif;pm;r,fqkd auR;vkdufvkdY}}
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trGefwpfa,muf t0wftpm;rsm; vJí NyD;aomtcgwGifawmh xrif;pm;&ef ESpfa,mufom;
xGufvmMuaomtcg0,f xrif;pm;yGJay: 0,f uRefawmfwpfa,mufpm xrif;[if;rsm;rSm
cl;cyfí tqifoifhyif tkyfqkdif;xm;onfukd awGUjrifvkduf&ygawmhonf/
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aemufwpfaeY eHeuf uRefawmf tdyf&mxawmh uRefawmfY\ZeD; trGefonf
aps;oGm;NyD jzpfonf/ uRefawmfvnf; rsufESmopf t0wftpm;vJum xrif;pm;yGJay:
wGif tqifoifh wifí jyifxm;aom xrif;aMumfukd pm;um tdrfa&SUckHay: wGifyif
&Sdaeao;aom uRefawmf\ vG,ftdwfukd qJGum xGufcJhawmh\/
we*FaEGaeYvnf;jzpfawmh &kH;oGm;&efvnf; rvkdojzifh uRefawmfonf vrf;xdyf&Sd
t&ufqkdifokdY 0ifum t&ufaomufaevkduf\/ t&ufwpfykdif;avmuf ukefcgeD;wGifawmh
qkdifxJokdY vlwpfa,muf0ifvmNyD; . .
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]]qef;jrifh qkdwm usKyfygbJ bmudpö&SdUvkdYvJ}}
uRefawmfu xkdolukd pkdufMunfh&if; ajzvkdufygonf/ tjcm;ckHwGif xkdifí
t&ufaomufaeMuaom vl(2) a,mufuvnf; uRefawmfwkdYukd vSrf;í tuJcwfMunfhae\/
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uRefawmfh qkdufum;ay: rSm apmifhaew,f}}
]][kwfuJh uRefawmf tckyJ vmcJhr,f? ykdufqH&Sif;vkdufOD;r,f}}
uRefawmfu ajymajymqkdqkd vufuseft&ufcGufukd armhNyD;vQif usoa&GU ykdufqHudk
&Sif;ay;vkdufNyD;vQif qkdifxJrS xGufívmaomtcg uRefawmf tBuD;tus,f tHhMoí
oGm;&jyef\/ qkdufum;ay: wGif xkdifí apmifhaeolrSm uRefawmf\ ZeD; trGef r[kwfyJ
uRefawmf\ c,fracsm wifwifyif jzpfaeygonf/
]]vm tpfukd qkdufum;ay: wuf wifwifukd NrdKUxJ vkdufykdYprf;yg}}
wifwifu cyfwnfwnfjzifh ajymvkdufojzifh uRefawmfrSmvnf; a,mifawmifawmifESifh
qkdufum;ay: okdY wufxkdifí vkdufvmcJh&ygawmhonf/
]]b,fukd oGm;rSmvJ wifwif}}
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uRefawmf bmrS jyefrajymawmhyJ Nidrfí aevkdufygonf/ wifwifonf
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qkdufum;q&mtm; ykdufqH&Sif;ay;vkdufygonf/
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aeMumaphpm;&if tdajEéaumif;aeav uRefawmfh\ pdwfxJwGif wxdwfxdwfESifh
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]]b,fhES,fvJ tpfukd}}
]]bmukd ajymwmvJ wifwif}}
]]bmukd ajym&rSmvJ wifwifwkdY udpöukdaygh}}
]]bmudpövJ wifwif}}
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]]odygw,f wifwif tJ'gu . . . }} uRefawmfh pum;rqkH;vkdufay . .
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]]bmyJjzpfjzpf b,folbmajymajym wifwifawmh tpfukdYukdcspfw,f . . . tpfukd wifwifhukd
,l&r,f}}
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uRefawmfonf wifwif\ vufz0g;av;ukd tomt,myGwfay;ae&if; acsmharmhygao;onf/
]]bmjzpfp&m&SdvJ nu udpöu wifwifavmfrmvkdYbJxm;yg usL;usL;vGefvGef jzpfNyD;rSawmh
wifwif a,mufsm;wpfa,mufuae ESpfa,mufajymif;NyD; rqufqHcsifbl;}}
]]tkd 'Dvkd rajymygeJY nDrav;&,f 'gawGtm;vkH; tpfukdY tjypfawGcsnf;ygyJ}}
]]b,fvkd pDpOfrvJ qkdwmukdyJ rrwdkYukd zGifhajymrvm; tJ'grS tpfukdu a0hvnfaMumifywf
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tpfukdYpum;ukd nDrav; em;axmif&r,f bmrS ZGwfrvkyf&bl;aemf}}
]]rvkyfygbl; tpfukd em;axmifyghr,f tpfukduom wifwifukd wu,f,l&r,f
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]]at;yguG,f nDrav;&,f}}

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xGufoGm;onf/ tpfukduvnf; 'DaeY we*FaEGaeYqkdawmh waeukef tjyifxGufayvdrfhrnf/
aps;jcif;awmif;csí csufp&m&Sdonfrsm;ukd csufí xrif;pm;yGJay: wGif jyifqifum
cifrGefonf tkyfaqmif;av;ukd tkyfí xm;vkdufNyD; a&csdK;vkduf\/ NyD;awmh
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wHcg;ukd aomhcwfum ydwfvkduf\/ wifwifESifh tpfukdxHwGif aomhykd wpfacsmif;pD
&Sdojzihf yl&efrvkday/ taruvJ olYwlrrsm;tdrfrSm ig;&ufavmuf Mumrnfjzpf\/
tdrfa&SUwHcg;ukd ydwfNyD;aemuf cifrGefonf xGufí vmawmh\/ vrf;ra&mufawmh
qkdufum;wpfpD;ukd ac: um olr OD;wnf&m t&yfonfum; &S,fvDrD;oGifwkdYtdrfokdYyif jzpf\/
nu &S,fvDrD;oGifwkdYtdrfwGif bk&m;ukd;ql&Sdí oGm;cJh&m olr rarQmfvifhaom
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uyif tpfukdqef;jrifhESifh rawGUrD ajcmufvavmufxd cspfBudKufcJhaom ausmfOD;
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ausmfOD;ukd rawGU&awmh/ cifrGefESifhvnf; tquftoG,f jywfoGm;cJh&\/
cifrGefonf ausmfOD;ESifh tquftoG,fjywfoGm;NyD; ajcmufvcefYMumrS
qef;jrifhESifh qHkpnf;um cifrifcJh&NyD; aemufawmh cspfolb0ukda&mufum
tckqkdvQif cifrGefESifh qef;jrifhwkdY tdrfaxmifusonfrSm EspfESpfcefYyif &SdcJhavNyDjzpf\/
tckawmh okH;ESpfcefY tquftoG,fjywfum uGJuGmcJh&onfh ausmfOD;ukd cifrGefonf
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nu {nfhonfrsm;Mum;wGif jzpfaeí ausmfOD;onf cifrGefukd pum;awG
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vm&ef csdef;qkdvkduf\/ ola&m cifrGefyg tdrfaxmifonfawG jzpfayr,fh
'DtcGifhta&;av;wpfckawmh olYukday;oifhonf[k cifrGefu xif\/
cifrGefukd,fwkdifuvnf; ausmfOD;ESifh at;at;aq;aq; pum;ajymvkdao;onf/
xkdYaMumifhyif cifrGefonf ausmfOD; csdef;onfukd vufcHum ,ck
&S,fvDrsdK;oGifwkdY tdrfokdY xGufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/

wifwif\ tvkdtwdkif;vkdufum pDpOfaqmif&Guf&ef ajymNyD;onfhaemufwGifawmh

wifwifonf qef;jrifh\ vufzsm;ukd olr\ vufz0g;av;jzifh qkyfum
&kyf&SifMunfhae\/ xkdYenf;wl qef;jrifhonfvnf; &kyf&Sifum;qDokdY Munfhae\/
okdY&mwGif olwkdYESpfa,muf\ pdwfwGifawmh tawG;ukd,fpD &SdaeMu\/
qef;jrifhESifh trGefwkdYESpfOD; tdrfaxmifuscJhonfrSm ESpfESpfeD;yg; &SdcJhNyDjzpf\/
om;orD;vnf; rxGef;um;ao;ojzifh cspfí aysmfíyif r0ao;yg/
trGefESifh wifwifwkdYonf rdcifrkqkd;rBuD;ESifhtwl BudK;BudK;ukwfukwf
&kd;&kd;om;om; aeMuolrsm;omjzpf\/ trGefrSm cyfukwfukwfESifh
&Sufwwfaomfvnf; wifwifuawmh &kd;&kd;ESifh yGifhyGifhvif;vif; &SdcJh\/
cifrGef(trGef)ESifh qef;jrifhwkdY rnm;rDuyif wifwifrSm qef;jrifhtm; tpfukd
tpfukdjzifh tvGefyif cifrif&Smonf/ awmif;p&m&Sdvnf; yGifhyGifhvif;vif;
awmif;,lí ay;p&m&Sd&ifvnf; &kd&kd;om;om;yif vmí ay;wwfonf/
xkdYaMumifhyifvQif trGeftm; qef;jrifhonf wHcsLwkdwkdjzifh csLpOfuyif
wifwifukdyif reJacsmharmh uyf&yfum zl;pma&;ewf vkyfckdif;cJh&ygonf/
trGef\ tarBuD;um; taygif;tazmfrsm;ESifh aomufpm;í wpfcgwpf&H
atmufajcvGwfwwfaom qef;jrifhukd xkdpOfuyifvQif atmhESvkH;emykH&\/
okdYaomf orD;ESifh nm;NyD;aomtcgwGifum; rac: csif&if&aomfvnf;
rawmfcsifí r&aom cspfom;rufukd plwpfcg aqmifhwpfvSnfhjzifh pcef;oGm;vsuf&Sdonf/
wifwifonf trGefESifh qef;jrifh nm;NyD;rS qef;jrifhtm; ykdí cspfcif&Smygonf/
qef;jrifh t&ufrl;vmonftcg tem;okdY ruyfaomfvnf; t&ufrrl;onfh
tcgwGifawmh tem;okdYuyfí tpfukd&if;wrQ tvkd&SdorQ ylqmjcif;?
nOfheufoef;acgif qef;jrifh pma&;NyDqkdvQif yufvufukvm;xkdif wpfvkH;ESifhxkdifum
pmzwfaewwfNyD; qef;jrifh vkdtyforQ ulnD;ay;aewwfonf/
wifwifESifh trGefwkdYrSm t&yftarmif; twdrf;r,drf;jzifh ESpfa,mufpvkH;
tom;NzLMuaomfvnf; tBuD;jzpfol trGefu ESmwefay: ay:
rsufvkH;aumif;aumif;jzifh rsufESmaygufwGif wifwifxuf
xifxif&Sm;&Sm; ododomom acsmarmajyjypfonf/
wifwifrSm ESmwHay: aomfvnf; rsufvkH;ESifh yg;pyfrSm olYtpfr trGefukd rrDacs/
okdYaomf wifwif\ ukd,fvkH;uawmh trGef\ ukd,fvkH;xuf ydkí awmifhajzmifhum vS\/
NyD;awmh nDtpfrESpfa,mufvkH;ukd xdawGzl;NyDjzpfaom qef;jrifhonf wifwif\ txdtawGU
onf ykdí rdef;armzG,fjzpfonfukd wyfrufarmrdaeawmh\/

]]a[m trGefawmif a&mufvmNyD . . vm vm}}

tdrfa&SUwGifyif &Sdaeaom &S,fvDrsdK;oGifu cifrGefukd xGufí ac: onf/
]]ukdausmfOD;a&m a&mufNyDvm;}}
]]apmapmxJu a&mufaewm? uJ r,frif;BuD;r tay: xyfukdom wufoGm;awmh?
atmufxyfrSmqkd&if {nfhonfawG t0iftxGufeJY at;at;aq;aq; pum;ajym&rSm
r[kwfvkdY igpDpOfxm;wm tay: xyf{nfhcef;rSm ausmfOD; apmifhaew,f}}
&S,fvDrsdK;oGifwkdYrSm csrf;omolrsm;jzpfNyD; tdrfrSmvnf; ESpfxyfwkdufBuD; jzpf\/
cifrGefvnf; tayyfokdY avScg;rS wufcJhawmh&m tay: xyf{nfhcef;xJ&Sd
qkdzmxkdifcHkBuD;ay: wGif xkdifaeaom ausmfOD;u cifrGefukd vSnfhMunfhum
cifrGef&Sd&mokdY avQmufí vm\/
]]ukd,fu vmrSvmyghrvm;vkdY pdwfylaewm}}
cifrGefu ausmfOD;ukd bmrS jyefrajymrd? NyHK;íom jyvkduf\/
]]cifrGefu t&ifuxufawmif vSvmao;w,f}}
ajym&if;u ausmfOD;onf cifrGef\ vufav;wpfzufukd qGJum apmapmu olxkdifcJhaom
qkdzmxkdifcHkBuD;qDokdY ac: íoGm;\/ cifrGefuvJ bmrQrajymbJ olr acgif;av;ikHYum
vkdufygoGm;\/ olr\ vufuav;rSm ausmfOD;\ vufxJwGif r&kef;om?
tukdifcHxm;&í cifrGef &ifxJwGif [kdwkef;uvkdyif aEG;aeonf/
ESpfa,mufom; qkdzmBuD;ay: okdY xkdifrdMuvQif cifrGefuyif pum;pí qkdvm\/
]]uJ ajymygOD; trGefukd bmawGajymcsifvkdY ckvkd ac: awGU&wmvJ}}
]][kdwkef;u cifrGeftay: rSm ukd,f &ufpufovkd jzpfoGm;cJh&wmawGukd cifrGef
em;vnfatmif &Sif;jycsifvkdYyg}}
]]awmfygawmh tukd&,f ckcsdefrSm 'gawGajymaevkdY bmxl;awmhrSmrkdYvkdYvJ? tukdvJ
tdrfaxmifeJY trGefvJ tdrfaxmifawG usaeMuNyDyJ[m}}
]]tdrfaxmifuswmawmh [kwfygw,f cifrGef&m ukd,fhpdwfu ckxd cifrGefqDrSmyJ &Sdaewm?
ukd,favcifrGefukd wpfaeYrS arhvkdY r&cJhygbl; cifrGef&,f}}
apmapmxJu ukdifxm;aom cifrGef\ vufav;ukd nSpfonfhtjyif usefvufwpfzufuvnf;
cifrGef\ vufz0g;av;ukd yGwfay;ae\/ NyD;awmh olwkdYESpfa,mufonf aygifvkH;jcif;xdumvnf;
xkdifrd&ufom; jzpfae\/ cifrGef\ pdwfxJwGif wrsdK;wrnf cHpm;ae&avonf/
]]cifrGefa&m ukd,fhukd owd&raebl;vm;[if}}
]]tif; &wJhtcgawmh &ygw,f . . . }}
aumif;atmifajymvkduf&ayrJhvnf; trSefwGif i,futcspf tESpfwpf&m qkdwmrsdK;vkd
cifrGefonf ausmfOD;ukd arhí r&EkdifcJhyg/ xm0pOfvnf; wrf;wae&/
]]trGef . . . }}
]]&Sif}}
]]ukd,fav trGefukd ckxd cspfaewkef;yJ odvm; . . }}
ajymajymqkdqkd vufjrefajcjrefjzifh ausmfOD;u cifrGef\ ukd,fvkH;av;ukd zufvkdufum
olr\ yg;jyifav;ESpfzufukd &TwfueJ &TwfueJ erf;vkdufavawmh\/
]]tkd . . tukd . . rawmf . . . . }}.
cifrGef\ pum;onfyif rqkH;vkduf&acs/ ausmfOD; ESKwfcrf;tpkHu cifrGef\
ESKwfcrf;av;rsm;ay: okdY zduyfcg pkyferf;vkdufawmh&m &ifav;aumhí
ajrmufwufoGm;&if; cifrGef wifyg;wpfzufonfvnf; qkdzgay: rS
MuGwufoGm;&awmh&m ausmfOD;\ vufonf qkdzgay: rS MuGí wufoGm;&aom
cifrGef\ zifom;BuD;ukd ukdifvsufom;jzpfum qkyfe,fzspfnSpfay;aeawmh\/
wpfukd,fvkH; zdef&Sdef;í wufvm&aom cifrGefonfvnf; olr\ vufav;ESpfzufjzifh
ausmfOD;\ vufarmif;ESpfzufukd qkyfukdifum olruvJ tm;usrcH qkdovkdyif olr\
ESKwfcrf;av;rsm;ESifh ausmfOD; ESKwfcrf;rsm;ukd jyefvSefum pkyferf;ay;aerdawmhonf/
tp&Sd aemufaemif qkdwmrsdK;vkd cspfoloufwrf; okH;ESpfMumjrifhcJhMupOfu olwkdY
ESpfOD;onf xdawGUcJhMu vGefMuL;cJhMujcif; &SdcJhívnf; ,cktcgwGif
ESpfa,mufom;rSm wpfOD;ukd wpfOD; pdrf;raeMuawmhyJ ,Ofyg;vsufom
&SdMu&awmh\/ ESKwfcrf;jcif; *a[qufum pkyferf;&if; cifrGef\
zifom;BuD;wpfzufatmufzufwGif a&mufum olr\ zifom;BuD;rsm;ukd qkyfe,fzspfnSpfay;
vQuf&Sdaom ausmfOD;\ vufzsm;av;rsm;onf vIyfvIyf&G&Gjzifh cifrGef\
apmufywfESKwfcrf;om;av;rsm;ukd xrDay: rSyif xdawGUvQuf&Sd&m cifrGefcrsm r&kd;r&Gjzpfí
vmcJhNyD; olr\ ukd,fvkH;av;ukd ukdausmfOD;zufokdY ,kdifum olr zifom;BuD;rsm;rSm ykdíyif
qkdzmay: rS MuGíwufvm&awmh\/
wajz;ajz; &ruf&Sdefrsm; wufvm&NyDjzpfaom ausmfOD;uvnf; cifrGef\ zifom;BuD;ukd
qkyfe,fay;aeaom ol\ vufwpfzufukd ajymifususyif cifrGef\ aygifESpfvkH;Mum;xJ
xkd;xnfhum cifrGef\ apmufzkwfukd olr 0wfxm;aom xrDav;ay: rSyif qkyfvkduf
e,fvkduf yGwfvkduf oyfvkdufjzifh vkyfay;aeawmh&m cifrGef zifom;BuD;rSmvnf;
qkdzmaykdY jyefí usoGm;NyD; olr aygifESpfvkH;rSm um;[í vm&awmh/ umvMumatmif
a0;uGmcJh&aom cspfol ESpfOD; terf;uawmh &SnfMumvGef;vSawmh\/
twefMumoGm;aomtcgwGifawmh ESpfa,mufpvkH; touf&IoHrsm;rSm jyif;xefvmcJh&NyD;
wpfOD;ukd wpfOD; zufíxm;aom olwkdY vufrsm;onfvnf; wif;MuyfpGm
qkyfukdifzufwG,frdvmMuawmh\/
xkdtcgwGifawmh ausmfOD;onf olUESKwfcrf;rsm;ukd cifrGef\ ESKwfcrf;rsm;qDrS cGmum
&kwfw&uf qkdzmay: rS xvkdufNyD; cifrGef ukd,fvkH;av;ukd ayGUum qufwDpm;yGJay: okdY
yufvufvSefum wifvkduf\/ NyD;awmh ausmfOD;onf cifrGef\ xrDav;ukd qGJí olr\
cg;qDokdY vSefwifvkdufNyD; olY ykqkd;ukdvnf; cRwfcsvkdufavawmh/
xkdtcsdefwGifawmh pm;yGJav;ay: rSm yufvufav;jzpfaeaom cifrGefu xGufay: ívmaom
axmifrwfí oHacsmif;ozG,f ausmfOD;\ ndKndKrJrJ vD;wefBuD;ukd tmomirf;irf;jzifh Munfaerd\/
wcsdefu cifrGef\ tysdK&nfukd xkd;azmufcJhonfrSmonfvD;wefBuD;yifjzpfawmhonfukd cifrGef
owd&vkdufrd\/

ausmfOD;uvnf; ykqkd;uRwfoGm;NyD;onfESifh cifrGef&Sd&mokdY wkd;uyfí vmum pm;yGJpGef;rS

wGJavmif;usaeaom olr\ ajcaxmufav;rsm;ukd vufESpfzufjzifhrum ol\
ykckH;wpfzufwpfcsufqDokdY wifvkduf\/
ausmfOD;tvkyf&IyfaepOfrSmyif cifrGefu olr\ tuÐs&ifbwfav;ukd zGifhí abmvD
tuÐsukdyg cRwfay;xm;vkdufawmh/ cifrGefY ajcaxmufESpfacsmif;ukd ykckH;wpfzuf
wpfcsufqDokdY wifNyD;onfESifh ausmfOD;onf pkdpkdpGwfpGwfav; jzpfaeNyDjzpfaom
cifrGef\ apmufywf0okdY vD;wefBuD;ukd
awhum zdoGif;vkdufawmh&m cifrGefuvnf; aumhay;vkdufojzifh vD;wefBuD;rSm
apmufywfBuD;xJokdY wqkH;yif avsmueJ 0ifoGm;awmh\/

olUxufuJ-Zmwfodrf;

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xkdtckdufrSmyif ausmfOD;onf cifrGef\ EkdYESpfvkH;ukd vSrf;í qGJukdifvkdufNyD; ol\ vD;wefBuD; ukd

cifrGef\ apmufywfBuD;xJrS qGJí rxkwfao;bJ zdoGif;xm;um cifrGef\EkdYtkHY av;rsm;ukd ESpfcsuf
oHk;csufavmuf zspfnSpfvkdufNyD;rS olr\ EkdYoD;acgif;av;rsm;udk vufndK; vufrwkdYjzifh
nSyfum yGwfay;vkdufNyD; cg;ukdtm;jyKum cifrGef\ apmufywfxJokdY wqkH;0ifaeaom ol\
vD;wefBuD;ukd
Zaum0dkif;0kdif;um vSnfhay;vkdufav\ / csufcsif; qdkovkdyif cifrGef\ apmufywfxJrS
apmuf&nfrsm;
&TJueJ &TJueJ jzpfvmNyD; olr\ zifom; jzLjzLBuD;rsm;onfvnf; vIyfvIyf&G&G jzpfvmavawmhonf/
]]tkd ; . . tukd . . [ifh . . tif; [if;}}
Zaum0dkif; vSnfhum vIyfay;aeaom ausmfOD;\ vD;wefBuD;u cifrGef\ apmufywf0 tay: em;&Sd
apmufpdav;ukdyg yGwfí xdaeavawmh&m cifrGefonf toJxJxdatmif ckdufí oGm;&awmh\/
]] [if ; . . tukd . . us . . us . . r raewwfawmhbl; . . [ifh . . tif; }}
cifrGefu olr\ ukd,fvkH;av;ukd xGefYxGefYvl;um rcsdwifuJ jzpfvm&aom tcsdefwGifawmh
ausmfOD;onf cifrGef\ apmufywfxJrS ol\ vD;wefBuD;ukd avQmueJ qGJxkwfum vkd;awmhonf
ausmfOD;u wpftm;aumif;aumif;jzifh aqmifhum vkd;aeNyD; cifrGef\ apmufywfxJwGifvnf;
apmuf&nfrsm;ESifh jynfhvQHaeaom 0ifv;DxGufoHrsm;rSm qlnHí aeawmhonf/
ukwifapmif;ykHpH vkd;jzpfaeaomaMumifhvnf; ausmfOD;\ vD;wefBuD;rSm cifrGef\
apmufywfBuD;xJokdY
tukeftpif0ifí ae&um tm;&yg;&aqmifhí vkd;vkdufwkdif; azmif;um;aeaom ausmfOD;\
vD;wefxdyfBuD;onf cifrGef\ om;tdrf0okdY ajz;ajz; wkdufae&mu cifrGef\ yg;pyfav;rSm
yGifhí yGifhí oGm;cJh&NyD; wtifhtifhjzifh jzpfumae&\/
cPtMumwGifawmh ausmfOD;onf cifrGef\ ukd,fvkH;av;ay: okdY arSmufí csum olr\
ukd,fvkH;av;ukd zufvkdufNyD; cifrGef\ EkdYav;rsm;ukd b,fjyefnmjyef pkdYvkdufNyD; ol\
aqmifhtm;ukdvnf; ravsmhapyJ cyfjyif;jyif; aqmifhumvkd;ae\/ xkdYaMumifh cifrGefonf
olrapmufywf\ xJrS ausmfOD;\ vD;'PfESifh EkYdpkdYay;aeaom ausmfOD;\ yg;pyf'PfwkdYukdyg
cHae&onfjzpfí cifrGefcrsm tdrfaxmifonfjzpfayr,fh tomav;rsm;yif
wqwfqwf wkefatmif aumif;ae&awmh\/
]]zGwf . . jyGwf . . tifh . . [if; . . tif; . . jyGwf . . zGwf . .
trav; . . tukd&,f . . [if;[if; . . }}
rMumrDrSmyif cifrGefESifh ausmfOD;wkdY\ wukd,fvkH;onf t&omrsm; tDpdrfhí
vm&um ausmfOD;\ pdwfxJwGif tm;rvkd tm;r&jzifh jzpfum vm&ouJhokdY
cifrGef\ ukd,fvkH;av;onfvnf; vl;um ysHum wufvm&awmh\ /
xkdtcgwGifawmh ausmfOD;onf cifrGef\ ukd,fvkH;av;ay: wGif arSmufíxm;aom
ol\ ukd,fvkH;MuD;ukd MuGum ausmfOD;\ vufESpfzufu olr\
cg;av;ukd qGJukdifí tm;ukefaqmifhum vkd;aeawmhonf/
]]trav; . . [if; aumif;vkdufwm tukd&,f}}
ausmfOD;\ jyifxefaom aqmifhvkd;csufrsm;ukd cifrGefuvnf; olr\
zifom;BuD;rsm;ukd vl;vl; vSdrfhvSdrfhjzifh wefjyefaumhay;&if; wcPav;twGif;rSmyif
olwkdYESpfa,mufvkH;onf wpfcsDNyD;oGm;&awmh\/ xkdtcgwGifawmh ausmfOD;u
jAKef;ueJ cifrGef\ ukd,fay: arSmufum olr\ ukd,fvkH;av;ukd MuHK;í
zufvkdufovkd cifrGef\ zifom;BuD;rsm;uvnf; pm;yGJpGef;rS MuGum
yifhajrSufum aumhay;vkdufawmh\/aomufav aomufav iwfrajy qkdwmrsdK;vkd
ausmfOD;ESifh cifrGefwkdYuawmh tawGU\aemufukd vkdufygMuvdrfhOD;rnfom jzpfawmh\

___________

xkdaeYu bkdifpukyf&kHrSxGufí wd&dpmäef&kH? a&Twd*kHbk&m; ponfjzifh wifwifylqmaom

ae&mrsm;okdY vkdufykdYcJh&ao;\/ 'Dvkdqkdawmhvnf; taESmiftzGJUrSvGwfvkdufaom
orifysdKrav;\ toGifjzifh pumawG wwGwfwGwf ajymum
uRefawmf\ vufarmif;ukd[D;av;ckdvkdY vkdufygawmh\
]]rrukdvnf; wifwif tm;emw,f tukdYukdvnf; cspfw,f
'ku©ygyJ wifwif aoypfvkduf&ifat;r,f xifw,f}}
]]a[m ajym&if; qkd&if; rkdufvmNyD 'Du jyefMu&if tukd
rD;pifMunfhNyD;aeMur,f [kwfvm;}}
]]tukdvJ wifwifukd *&kpkdufygaemf wifwif tukdY&ifcGifxJrSmyJ
aecsifw,f tukdYukd wifwif odyfcspfwmyJ}}
]]at;yg pdwfraumif; rjzpfygeJYawmh cav;&,f jzpforQ taMumif;aygh
olYzl;pmygwhJ twkdif;aygh ? tukdvnf; wifwifukd odyfcspfw,f?
roifhawmfwJh udpörkdYom tukd pOf;pm;ae&wm}}
]]t[kwfvm; tukd wifwif 0rf;omvkdufwm tukdeJY tr xm;&mu
wifwif aeyghr,f wifwifhukd rpdrf;um;ygeJYaemf}}
wifwifrS uEGJUuvsESifh oempzG,f ajymojzifh uRefawmfh&ifrSm qkdYeifhí oGm;\/
nae ig;em&DavmufwGif tdrfokdYjyefvmMuaomtcg wifwifukdom tdrfokdY
jyefvGwfí uRefawmfu vrf;xdyf t&ufqkdifwGif0ifí usefcJh\/
t&ufqkdif 0ifxkdifNyD;í cPMumrS uRefawmf\ rdef;r trGefonf qkdufum;jzifh
tdrfzufokdY jyefoGm;onfukd trSwfrxif vSrf;í jrifvkduf&av\/

__________

jzpfysufcJhonfrSm ,ckqkdvQif wpfvyif ausmfcJhayjyD/ uRefawmf t&ufrl;ívmvQif

uRefawmfh\ ZeD; trGeftm; ]]a[h ig rdef;rwpfa,muf awGUaew,fuGm tJ'g
r,lvkdY rjzpfawmhbl; rif; twlwl ae&r,faemf}} tp&Sdojzifh ajymovkdvdkjzifh
aoG;wkd;prf;&m t&m&mwGif uRefawmfh tvkdukdom vkdufí tMudKufukd aqmifwwfaom
trGefonf csufcsif;yif toGiftjyif ajymif;oGm;um ]][if; bm&rvJ twlwl aezkdYrsm;awmh
a0;vkdufwm? trGefYukd rcspf&if uGmjyD; cspfwJholukd ,laygh }}
[k cg;cg;oD;oD;yif jiif;ojzifh olYukdyif renf; acsmharmh&jyefonf/
trGefa&m a,mufcrBuD;uyg uRefawmfESifh wifwifukd cRif;csufr&Sd pdwfcsae\/
uRefawmf\ ZeD; cifrGefuvnf; 'D&ufawGMum;wGif tdrfuyfonf[líyifr&Sd/
tjyifxGufwm rsm;ae\/ ,ck wpfvausmfumvtwGif; 4-5 BudrfrQ uRefawmfESifh
wifwifwkdY ESpfa,mufwnf; tdrfrSm xm;cJhojzifh xkdtcGifhta&;rsdK;ukd wrf;waeaom
wifwifonf vlvpfvQif vpfovkd uRefawmf\ &ifcGifwGif;okdY ajy;0ifum uEJGUu&
wGwfwD;wGwfwm oem;zG,f&m ikdwpfcg &DwpfvSnfh cspf#Dum zGJUawmh\/
&[Eåmvnf; r[kwf? EGm;vnf; r[kwfaom uRefawmfu wifwifESifh rSm;NyD;&if;
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uRefawmf rSm;,Gif;ay;cJhrdaom "gwfykHpmtkyfBuD;ukd touf 18 ESpfausmfrQom &Sdao;aom
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uRefawmf jyeftvmukd rSef;umvmí tdyfaeawmhonf/
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pDpOf&rnfvJ . . . .
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t&ufukdomvQif zdaomufvQuf&Sd\/ uRefawmfhwGif xGufayguf wpfckawmh &Sd&ayrnf /
tenf;qkH; uRefawmfhtjzpfukd zGifh[wkdifyifí aqG;aEG;Ekdifonfh olwpfOD;awmh &Sd&efvkdtyfayonf/
uRefawmf\ q&m OD;tkH;cifukd owd&rd\/ oltvkyfrS yifpif ,loGm;onfrSm
ig;ESpfcefYrQ &SdNyDjzpf\/ uRefawmfonfyifvQif olESifh rawGUonfrSm 2 EspfausmfrQ&SdNyDjzpf\/
uRefawmfonf t&ifu a&mufcJhzl;aom q&m OD;tkH;cif\ tdrfokdY xGufvmcJhawmh\/

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