PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

John Ryan M. Jacot | 11 – HumSS

An Introduction to Qualitative Research
School Year 2018 – 2019

THE APPROACHES IN A QUALITIATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

A qualitative research design is a general way of thinking about conducting qualitative research. It describes,
either explicitly or implicitly, the purpose of the qualitative research, the role of the researcher(s), the stages of
research, and the method of data analysis. (Trochim, 2006)

Approach Purpose Method Analysis Outcome

Ethnography  To describe a  Fieldwork and  Detailed and rich  “Description of
culture: its immersion in the description of Culture”
characteristics and culture culture
features  Key informant
interviews and
observations

Grounded  To develop  Interviews and  “Concept  Theory backed by

Theory theories from Observations formation” evidences from
analysis of  Data collection  “Concept data
patterns, themes and analysis are Development” by
and categories done in parallel. looking into
 Data are analyzed literature and
as they come. “sampling of
Patterns and subjects”
themes are  “Concept
validated and Modification and
disproved by Integration”
further data
collection.
Phenomenology  To describe  Seek persons who  Classify and rank  Findings described
experiences as understand study data from subject’s
they are lived and are willing to  Sense of wholeness point-of-view
 To examine the express inner  Examine  Research identifies
uniqueness of feelings and experiences themes
individual’s lived experiences beyond human  Structural
situations  Describe awareness or that explanation of
 To describe that experiences of cannot be findings is
each person has phenomenon communicates developed.
own reality; reality  Write experiences
is subjective of phenomenon
 Direct Observation
 Audio or
Videotape
Narrative  To describe  Interviews and  Analysis of Content  Narrative
Analysis experiences observations  Looking into form accounts from
 Research and function of individual s
participants are stories
encouraged to
share stories.
Discourse  To describe  Interviews and  Analysis of content  Discourses that
Analysis discourse present Observations and meaning reflect beliefs,
in a phenomenon behind the principles, and
conversation perspectives
Historical  To describe and  Formulate idea –  Synthesis of all  Select means of
Approach examine events of select topic after data; accept and presentation –
the past to reading related reject data; biography,
understand the literature reconcile chronology, issue
present and  Develop research conflicting paper
anticipate questions evidence
 potential future  Develop an
effects inventory of
resources –
archives, private
libraries, papers
 Clarify validity and
reliability of data –
primary sources,
authenticity, biases
 Develop research
outline to organize
investigative
process
 Collect data

Case Study  Describe in-depth  Direct observation  Synthesis of  In-depth

the experience of and interaction Experience description of the
one person, family, with the subject experience
group, community
or institution