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Experiment 3

Aim: Measuring the temperature distribution along an extended surface and comparing the
result with a theoretical analysis

Apparatus: Apparatus Number H112E has been used

Theory:

A pin of length L diameter D and cross sectional area A and thermal conductivity k is heated
at one end. It has a total surface area As and is in an ambient at temperature Ta.

Due to the heat input from one end, the temperature of the bar is raised above that of the
surroundings and heat is convected and radiated away from the surface. As the heat input is
from one end only and the bar is thermally conductive, the temperature will vary along the
bar from T1 at the hot end to T8 at the far end. It is assumed that the bar is sufficiently long
for there to be negligible heat transfer from the tip. At any distance x from the heated end the
temperature of the material is Tx.

The heat is convected and radiated away from the bar with an overall convection coefficient h

From the above conditions it is possible to develop the following differential equation to
describe conditions along the bar.

Solution to this equation:


Observations:

(i) For V=74, m = 8.65

Measured Temp Distance x Calaculated


o
C from T1(m) Temp oC
T1 49 0 1 1 49
T2 41.8 0.05 0.650485 0.650973 41.81005
T3 37.2 0.1 0.427184 0.425625 37.16787
T4 34.3 0.15 0.286408 0.281141 34.19151
T5 32.4 0.2 0.194175 0.190072 32.31548
T6 31.2 0.25 0.135922 0.135114 31.18336
T7 30.6 0.3 0.106796 0.105827 30.58004
T8 30.3 0.35 0.092233 0.096646 30.39092

Plot for measured and calculated temperature values

Extended Surface Heat Transfer


50

48

46

44

42

Temperate oC 40

38

36

34

32

30
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
Distance x from T1 (m)
Actual Calculated

Q = 1.776W

Qx = 1.685W
(ii) For V = 110, m = 8.75

Measured Temp Distance x Calaculated


o
C from T1(m) Temp oC
T1 72.1 0 1 1 72.1
T2 56.8 0.05 0.649886 0.64762 56.70099
T3 47 0.1 0.425629 0.421188 46.80592
T4 40.9 0.15 0.286041 0.276669 40.49042
T5 36.7 0.2 0.189931 0.185955 36.52625
T6 34.1 0.25 0.130435 0.131406 34.14246
T7 32.8 0.3 0.100686 0.102413 32.87545
T8 32.2 0.35 0.086957 0.093337 32.47883

Plot for measured and calculated temperature values

Extended Surface Heat Transfer


71

66

61

56

Temperate oC 51

46

41

36

31
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
Distance x from T1 (m)
Actual Calculated

Q = 4.62W

Qx = 3.618W

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