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EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13848-1
NORME EUROPEENNE
EUROPA/SCHE NORM December 2003
ICS 45.080
English version
CEN merrbers are bouncIlO ~ ... the CENlCENElEC Intemal Regulatiore which stipWitelh8 OOiiditirJi05 for giving ttWs EuIoperan
Standard the status of a natiooaI standard without any aIl8fation. Up-to-date lists and . relOfllnCGS COllCef'l'li 19 auetl natklnaJ
standards may be obtained on application 10 the ManagemenC Centre Of to 8n
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EUROPEAN COMMrrrEE FOR STANDARDIZATlON
COMlTt EURoptEN DE NOR)fALISA'tlON
EUROP},ISC~OMITEE-E0R NORM UNO
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
Contents
Foreword ...........•..........•..•.•.••.•••..........................•.•••••.•••••••.••••••.•••••••••.•••••..•...••••••.•••••••.••••••.•••••....•......•...•.•.••••.•...._•••4
Introduction ....................................................•............................................................................................................5
1 Scope ...•..................•...............................................•..•............................................._ 6
2 Normative references _..............•......_ 6
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms 6
3.1 Terms and definitions ..........•.••.••......•••••••..•..••............•.•_...•.................•..•...•...............•••.••.......••...._.•...._ 6
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms 7
4 Principal track geometric parameters •.................•.....•.•.•...•..••......_ 8
4.1 Description of the track co-ordinate system 8
4.2 Track gauge _.........••...........••...•...........••........•.......•.....................•.•.....•.....•.8
4.2.1 Definition.•.._..............•.....•....•.....•..•••••••••.•.•.•..........••........•............................•....••...................................__... 8
4.2.2 MeasurefTlent method ....•..•••.•.•••••.••••.••...................•...•...........•.•................•.......•...••..........................•...........9
4.2.3 Wavelength range _ 9
4.2.4 Resolution 9
4.2.5 Measurement uncertainty _•..•. 9
4.2.6 Range of fTleasurement 9
4.2.7 Analysis method _ 9
4.2.8 Output requirements 9
4.2.9 Output presentation 10
4.3 Longitudinal level 10
4.3.1 Definition 10
4.3.2 Measurement method 10
4.3.3 Wavelength range 10
4.3.4 Resolution 11
4.3.5 Mea surement uncertainty 11
4.3.6 Range of measurement 11
4.3.7 Analysis method 11
4.3.8 Output requirements 11
4.3.9 Output presentation _12
4.4 Cross level 12
4.4.1 Definition 12 l
4.4.2 Measurement method _12
4.4.3 Wavelength range 13
4.4.4 Resolution 13
4.4.5 Measurement uncertainty 13
4.4.6 Range of measurement 13
4.4.7 Analysis method 13
4.4.8 Output requirements 13
4.4.9 Output presentation · : ~ _1~
4.5 Alignment ;;; :: _.13
4.5.1 Definition .."..•.....•.........._13
4.5.2 Measurement method : : _ ::__ : 14
4.5.3 Wavelength ran-ge :::- 14
4.5.4 Aesolution -: _ _:: :: ~ 14
4.5.5 M~asuremeotunce~inty-;;..::.~ ••_••~ ....•....•..• ~•...•.: _ -: :_•.•........__.:: ::..: ..•.••,._...••.. 15
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4.5.6 Range of measurement
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EN 13648-1:2003 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 13848-1: 20(3) has been prepared by Technical Committee CENlTC 256 -Railway
Applications", the secretariat of whk:h is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the ratest by June 2004. and confficting national standards shalt be withdrawn at the latest by
June 2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s}.
For relationship with EU Oirective(s). see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document
According to the CENlCENElEC Internal Reguiations. the na60naf standards organizations of the following
countries are b<uld to impfement this European Standard: Austria. Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark. Finland,
France. Gennany, Greece, Hungary, lcefand. Ireland. 'taly, Luxembourg, MaJta. Netherlands. Norway. Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden. Switzertand and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This European Standard defines the minimum requirements for the principal track geometric parameters that
characterise track geometry quality. Other parameters, for examp(e. acceleration and (ail characteristics. also have
an important role in contributing towards ride quality. Refer to annexes A and B for further information on these
parameters.
This European Standard is one of the series EN 13848 -Raitway applicationslTrack - Track geometry quality- as
listed below:
c.
-
Part 2: Measuring devices - Track recording vehicles
Pan 5 : Geometric
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
1 Scope
This Part of this European Standard specifies the requirements for the homologation of track geometry quality
parameters as measured by various measuring devices. These measuring devices are described in Parts 2, 3, 4 of
the standard. This European Standard applies to all track geometry parameters including track gauge, longitudinal
level, alignment. cross level (cant I superetevation) and twist It defines each parameter and specifies the
requirements for measurement, the analysis methods and the presentation of results.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references. subsequent amendments to Of revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies. (including amendments).
prEN 13848-2, Railway applicationsITrack - Track geometry qual#}' - Pan 2: SpMeasuring devices - Track
recording vehicles
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply (refer also to the tenns and
definitions described in dause 4 of this part).
3.1.1
track geometry quality
assessment of excursions from the mean or designed geometrical characteristics of specified parameters in the
vertical and lateral planes which give rise to safety concems or have a correlation with ride quality
3.1.2
gauge face
inside face of the running rail head
3.1.3
running table
upper surface of the head of the rail
3.1.4
running surface _
curved surface defined by the longitudinal displacement of a straight line perpendicular to the eentre-line of the
track and tangential to both running tables
3.1.5
running plane _ --
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plane tangential tQ the running surface at the point of.me~surement
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EN 13848-1 :2003 (E)
3.1.7
measured value
refer to the definition in ENV 13005:1999
3.1.8
resolution
smallest change in the value of a quantity to be measured which produces a detectable change in the indication of
the measuring instrument
3.1.9
wavelength range
space domain taken by the parameters' components
3.1.10
sampling distance
travelled distance between any two consecutive measurement points on the same rail
3.1.11
range of measurement
specific domain described by its limits
For the purposes of this standard. symbol"" revialed terms applied are specified the Table 1.
No. Symbol
{
l'"1\fOf\~\ ., Unit
t G
,,"cl< ga n
U9
a \ "1\" ~ mm
8 Wavelength m
9 VJ Am~e from the zero line. Used in the measurement of Twist mmlm .
-
. jO V2 Amplitude from_ the ~ean value. Used in the measurement Qf-t:wist m~m
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The track geometry quality Is described by means of a relative rectangular CXH)rdinate system centred to the track
with clockwise rotation (refer to FIQUf8 1) :
X-axis: axis represented as an extension of the track towards the direction of running
1
2
x Y
z
Key
1 nJming direction
2 running surface
3 track co-ordinate system
4.2.1 Definition
Distance G between the gauge faces of the two adjacent running rails measured at a distance Zp below the running
surface (refer to FlQUre 2).
p z p
G
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
The value z., represents the distance from the n.nning surface down 10 a point P.
Zp shaD be equal to (14 ± 1) mm for new rail.
Point P is the gauge face contact between a new wheel-set and a new rail. Its position will be influenced by the
actual wheel pt"ofile and rail profile at the lime of measurement.
NOTE Gauge, which is represented by G, is considered to be the smalesl distanoe between the two rails within the range
o mm 10 15 mm (refer to Figure 3).
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z
(f) G )
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Omms~S15mm \
G mm Gwith;~~ ~
Key I
1 running surface
\Z\jO "
4.2.3 Wavelengthra e "p\:\\'\\lt~~9Al"" .1
Not applicable
4.2.4 Resolutio n
L
Resolution S 0,5 mm
Uncertainty ± 1 mm
.
"4:'2.S--outpUt requIrements- --
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Measurem~taken-by recording v..il.bikles;- ~ maintenanCe machinQ.~_pr trolleys shall-be recorded..,. ~~ ~
"'- ... _ - _consecutive set cd readings·prefera~ in digitaITmm-andsnall also.be presef!.ted graPhi~aJl.y. - ~ _
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_For_manually operated devices eaeh track gaoge measuremen~be f8@rded as a single value-: ~-
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EN 13848-1;2003 (E)
the difference between the measured track gauge and the nominal track gauge.
4.3.1 Definition
Deviation .lp.in z-direction of consecutive running table levels on any rail, expressed as an excursion from the mean
vertical position (reference line), covering the wavelength ranges stipulated below and is calculated from
successive measurements (refer to Rgure 4) .
2 2
1
1
Key
1
2
running table
reference line
r
Figure 4 - Longitudinal level
Longitudinal level measurements shall either be made with an inertial system or a versine system (that should
preferably_be asymmetric) or by-a combination of both methods. If the ve...!.sine method-of mea~urement is used, a
re-<:olouration of the measured signals is necessary in order to eliminate the influence of the transfer function of the
versine system. The measured value of the versine shall also be-indicated in accordance with prEN 13848-2.
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
- D3: 70 m < AS 150 m, used fOf measlrilg long wavEriength defects. Generally ttUs range should only be
considered for line speeds greater than 250 kmJl1.
NOTE 1 In order 10 detect short wavelength defects, the lower limit of 01 should be reduced to 1 m.
NOTE 2 Wavelengths over 70 m can also be taken into consideration by the vertical curvature pa/lllTl8ter {refer to Annex 8).
4.3.4 Resolution
(
4.3.5 Measurement uncertainty
Ta ongitudinallevel : me s ot uncertainty
Wavelength ra Dimensions "n m~metres
3
Uncertainty ±
NOTE The ranges of afT1)litude stated lor 02 and D3 will no( be appfcable for high speed ines. However, in order to obtain
accurate measurements In all wavelength ranges, the stated ranges of amplitudes should be measured.
Indivktual defects are represented by the am~itude from the mean valoe....(low pass filtered valoe) to the peak
value. -- --
=- -
4.3.8 Output requiremeots..-
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Me~eme~en by -fecbrding vehicleS;- traCk- mainte.oance-------rnachines Qf-trO:lle~1I
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consecutive-set cheadiDgs preferably iQJ!igrtal form and shal al~raPhic:alIy.- __ -
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
a standard deviation over a defined length, typically 200 m, in the wavelength range 01.
NOTE OI.her wavelength ranges. particularly 02 and 03, may also be selected for output presentation.
4.4.1 Definition
Tl'1e difference in height of the adjacent running tables computed from the angle between the running surface and a
horizontal reference plane. It is expressed as the height of the vertical leg of the right-angled triangle having a
hypotenuse that relates to the nominal track gauge prus the width of the rail head rounded 10 the nearest 10 mm
(refer to Figure 5).
(
NOTE For nominal gauge of 1435 mm the hypotenuse is 1500 mm in length.
4 /'
1 /'
Key
1 cross level
2 running surface
3 horizontal refereoce plane
4 hypotenuse
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EN 13648-1:2003 (E)
Not applicable
4.4.4 Resolution
relative value (difference of successive cross level values) to be used for the twist caJculation : ± 1 mm .
Individual defects are represented by the amplitude from the m a (low filtered value) to the peak
value.
4.5 Alignment
4.5.1 Definition
Deviation YP in y-direction of consecutive positions of point P (refer to 4.2.1) on any rail, expressed as an excursion
from the mean horizontal position (reference tine) covering the wavelength ranges stipulated below and calculated
from successive measurements (refer to FIQure 6).
----
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- 13
....::.-
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2
1
3
zp zp
•
YP YP
P P
Key
1 runrWlg surface
2 reference line
3 centre line of running lable
Figure 6 - Alignment
Alignment measurements shall either be made with an inertial system Of' a versine system (that should preferably
be asymmetric) or by a combination of both methods.
If the versine method of measurement is used, a re-<:olouration of the measured signals is necessary in order to
eliminate the influence of the transfer function of the versine system. The measured value of the versine shall also
be indicated in aocordance with prEN 13848-2.
02; 25 m <).:s;7Clm
03: 70 m < A :s; 200 m, used for measuring long wavelength defects. Generally this range should only be
considered for line speeds greater than 250 kmlh.
NOTE 1 In OI'der 10 detect short wavelengths defects, the lower limit of D1 should be reduced to 1 m.
NOTE 2 Wavelengths over 70 m can also be taken in consideration by the horb:ontal curvature parameter (refer to Annex B).
.!.5.4 Resolution
__WaYeleo~ rangeo-
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
• N'OTE
I,"
The ranges 0 l.8.mplitude
accumte measuremenl' wavele
S~aled2L."i~:A"
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t'\I!f\~~;"~
n h;gh speed Iines_
,"oold be measu,
waver, in order to obtain
Measurements taken by recording vehicles, track maintenance machines or trolleys shall be recorded as a
consecutive set of readings preferably in digital form and shall also be presented graphically.
For manually operated devices each alignment measurement shall be recorded as a single value.
- a.standard deviatLon over a defined length, typically 200 m, in the waveleng1!1 range 01.
- . - - - -
NUT£.. ~~er waJlei"engt.'!..ra.'}lt~rticularly-D2 ~d 03, may also be Select~no"-outputp";sentatlo- - -
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EN 13848-1:2003 (El
4.6 Twist
4.6.1 Definition
The algebraic difference between two cross Ievets taken at a defined OlStance apart. usually expressed as a
gradient between the two points of measurement
Twist measurements should either be taken simuttaneousfy at a fIXed distance e.g. at a distance equivalent to the
wheel-base. or be computed from consectJtjye measurements of cross-Ievef.
Not applicable
4.6.4 Resolution l
Resolution S; 0.5 mm
mm/m
i :S5,5rn 5.5m<i:S20rn
Individual defects are represented either by the amplitude 'rom the zero-6ne to the peak value (Vt) or by the
amplitude from the mean-value (lo'!j>ClSS filtered vatue) to the peak value (V2). - -
For standard deviation the measurement of twist is represented by the amplitude from the lQw·passliltered value to
~ curr.ent measured- value (referto Figure i'):- - - .......... - - - __
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EN 13848-1:2003 (El
v,
Key
1 low pass fmered value
2 twist
3 zero line
5 Measurement co ditions
~
In order to reproduce the effects of a service vehicle, all of the geometric parameters should preferably be
measured on a loaded track. in which case, the applied loading at the measuring point of the rail shall be
equivalent to a minimum vertical wheet load of 2,5 t when considering a medium track stiffness of 180 kNlmm and
a rail section of UIC 60 (60El).
The resutts of measurements shall be within the specified measurement precision for different speeds and for each
direction of recording. If this is not the case, the fiefd of Validity andIor the direction of travel shall be specified.
All parameters shall be measured at the same location within the sampling distance specified.
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
AnnexA
(informative)
Measurement of acceleration
A.1 Introduction
Acceleration measurements can be used to give an indication of track geometry Quality and to detect the local track
geometry deviations which have an influence on the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle. These measurements should
be used in conjunction with the main parameter measurements described in the standard. However, acceleration
measurements are sensitive to the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle and other factors such as climatic conditions,
actual position of the vehicle in the train and wheel rail interaction.
Measurement precision is not considered appropriate for th~ type of measurement and is therefore not jncfteated
below. (
Measurements can be taken at various locations on the car body andIor bogie depending upon the particular
assessment required.
Cl - vertical axle box acceleration - for the detection of rail surface defects (e.g. COITVQ8.tion) and isolated
geometrical defects.
C2 - transverse bogie acceleration for the detection of short wavelength track geometry defects (alignment or
cross level).
C3 . transverse and vertical car body acceleration for the detection of defects that have an influence on
comfort.
A3 Frequency range
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EN 13848-1:2003 (E)
The sampling frequency shouJd be at least 2.5 times the cutoOff frequency applied to the signal 8.g2 625 Hz for
axie box acceleration (i.e. 2.5 x 250 Hz).
Ct - (axle box acceleration) the measuring speed should be greater than 50 kmIh.
C2 and C3 - (bogie and car body acceleration) measurement should be made at the operating speed for the
line within a tolerance of +/-10%.
A. 7 Analysis method
Isolated defects are represented by the amplitude from the mean vaJue to the peak value or from zero to the peak
value as defined by those in charge of Infrastructure.
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Annex B
(informative)
Other Parameters
The principal track geometric parameters are described in the relevant part ot this standard. However. other
parameters contribute to an understanding of vejjde track interaction and ride quafity. These other parameters
may be obtained by direct measurement or by derived measuremenl Other supportive data may be necessary in
order to facilitate calculation of the derived measurements.
Increasingly the role of rail head shape, in contributing to ride quality, is being recognised by the incorporation of
rail head shape measuring equipment in the track recording vehicle.
• Gradient (mm/m)
• Acceleration (mI~
• Ride Index
NOTE TIle results of derived measurements wilt be detennined b"'y the approprlate.JTl~suremenl precision.
c) Supporting data
• Une S~ (kmlh)
-. -- - - --- -.
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d) Rail measurements
• Head profile
• Rail Inclination
• Equivalent Conicity
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EN 13848·1 :2003 (E)
AnnexZA
(informative)
This European standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of the following EU Directives :
Council Directive of 23 July 1996 on the interoperability of the European high speed network 1)
European Par1iament and Council Directive 98I4IEC of 16 Februaty 1998 in amendment of Council Directive of
14 June 1993 C(H)I"dinating the procurement of procedures of entities operating in water, energy, transport and
tekK:ommunications sectors2l
Council Directive 91/4401EC of 29 Jufy 1991 on the development of the Community's railways31
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the produet(s) falling within the
scope of this standard.
The clauses of this standard are likely to support requirements of Directive 9614S1EC.
Compliance with these clauses provides one means of conforming with the specific essential requirements of the
Directive concerned and associated EFTA regutations.
--------- --
-- --
-=- -
1~-OfflCial Journal-of the European Comml,lflities No.L 23Om.. 17:;9:-96
_::. 2) Official Joomatof the E""uropean Comm~s No L 199.:01-9.8.93 ~L 101 ofl:4.98 _-::-- -.3-
·3) Offl61alJoulnaJ of the European Corn.mutmies No L237 of 24:8.91 -.:.
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EN 13848-1 :2003 (E)
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