Made Date Sheet

MKI 04/02/2019
Check Date Rev.
ZA 04/02/2019 0

DESIGN OF HELICOIDAL STAIR

Geometrical Properties Material Properties
Riser "R" 0.175 m Weight of reinforced concrete "γrc" 24 kN/m3
Tread "T" 0.35 m Strength of concrete "fc" 35 N/mm2
width of steps and Landing"B"or bw 1.95 m Strength of steel "fy" 420 N/mm2
Inner radius " Ri" 5.562 m Clear cover to concrete 25 mm
Outer Radius "Ro" = Ri+B 7.512 m Flexure strength reduction factor 0.9
Thickness of slab "h" 280 mm Shear strength reduction factor 0.75
Eff. Depth "d" 248.5 Modulus of Elasticity of steel "Es" 200000 N/mm2
Plan angle of the stair "α " 132 degrees Modulus of Elasticity of concrete "Ec" 27806 N/mm2
Vertical angle at the step Modular Ratio "n = Es/Ec" 7.19
centreline with horizontal " Φ " 36 degrees Reinforcement
Dia of top of bars 20 mm
Loading Dia of bottom of bars 20 mm
Self Weight of slab 8.1984 kN/m2 Dia of closed hoop bars as distributi 14 mm
Floor Finish 1 kN/m 2

weight of steps 2.1 kN/m2 Required Provided

Total dead Load "Udl" 11.2984 kN/m 2
Nos Spac Nos Spac
Live load 4 kN/m2 Ast top full width 12.16 160.31 13 150
Total service Load "tsl" 15.2984 kN/m 2
Asb Bottom full width 5.122 380.74 13 150
Total Ultimate Load "w" 19.95808 kN/m2 Closed hoops per m 5.534 180.69 7 143
Total Ultimate Load for full width"wu" 38.918256 kN/m2 Top steel "Ast" mm2 3819 4082
Bottom steel "Asb"mm2 1608 4082
2 legged Closed hoops ste 1703 2154
 Made Date Sheet
MKI 04/02/2019
Check Date Rev.
ZA 04/02/2019 0

DESIGN OF HELICOIDAL STAIR

Calculations
Radius of centreline of loading =R1=2/3{(Ro3-Ri3)/(Ro2-Ri2)} = 6.58547 m
Radius of centreline of steps = R2 =(Ri+Ro)/2 = 6.537 m

k2 = F9-(F9-F16)/0.1(R1/R2-1) 0.64969

k1 = F19-(F19-F22)/0.1(R1/R2-1) 0.03671

k3 = F27-(F27-F32)/0.1(R2/R1-1) -0.1386

Bending moment at midspan "Mo" = k1wuR22 = 61.0551 kNm

Horizontal thrust at midspan = "H" = k2wuR2 = 165.286 kn

Vertical moment at support "Mvs" = k3wuR22 -230.5 kNm

Positive vertical moment "Mvp" at θ = α/3 = 44

Mvp =MoCos θ+HR2πθ/180 tanΦ sinθ-wuR12(1-cosθ) = -10.959 kNm

Lateral moment "Ml" at θ = 3α/8 = 49.5

Ml = MoSinθSinΦ-HR2π/180tanΦCosθSinΦ-HR2CosΦSinθ+wuR1Sinθ-R2πθ/180) = -992.7 kNm

Torsional Moment "T" at θ = 3α/8 = 49.5

T = (MoSinθ-HR2πθ/180CosθtanΦ+wuR12Sinθ-wuR1R2πθ/180)CosΦ+HR2SinθSinΦ= 31.4604 kNm

Axial Thrust "N" at θ = 3α/8 = 49.5

N = -HSinθCosΦ-wuR1πθ/180SinΦ = -231.83 kN

Vertical Shearforce "Vv" at θ = α/2= 66

Vv = -HSinθSinΦ+wuR1πθ/180CosΦ = 150.093 kN

Lateral Shearforce "Vh" at θ = 0

Vh = Hcosθ = 165.286 kN

Vu = 1.2sqrt(Vv2+Vh2) = 267.919 kN

Shear strength of concrete = ΦcVc = 0.75Sqrt(fc)B.d/6 = 358.348 kN

ΦcVc > Vu O.K

Vertical negative bending of flights

Mu = 1.2*Mvs = -276.6 kNm
276.6
ω 0.076
ρ ###
Ast1 = 3083 mmfor
2
full width
 Made Date Sheet
MKI 04/02/2019
Check Date Rev.
ZA 04/02/2019 0

DESIGN OF HELICOIDAL STAIR

Vertical positive bending of flights

Mu = 1.2*Mvp = -13.151 kNm
13.1511
ω ###
ρ ###
ρmin ### use ρ min
Asb1 = ### mmfor
2
full width
Minimum steel = 0.0018.B.d = 872 mm2for full width
Asb1 = ### mmfor full width
2

Distribution,Temperature and Transverse Torsion Steel

Temperature steel: 0.0018.B.d = 872 mm2for full width

Lateral bending of flight:

Mu = 1.2*Ml = 1191.24 kNm
depth available = B-100 = ### mm
width =h = 280 mm
ω ###
ρ ###
Ast = 1745 mm2

Torsion Design of Flight:

Tu = 1.2*T 31.4604 kNm
Acp = Area enclosed by outside perimeter of concrete section
or the gross area of the section
= B*h = 546000 mm2
Pcp = Outside perimeter of concrete section
= 2(B+h) 4460 mm

Torsional strength of concrete = ΦtTc = 0.75*0.083*sqrt(fc)*(Acp2/pcp) = 24.6164 kNm

ΦtTc > Tu Design Torsion reinforcement

Cross section dimension check

= 407376 mm2

= 4204 mm
 Made Date Sheet
MKI 04/02/2019
Check Date Rev.
ZA 04/02/2019 0

DESIGN OF HELICOIDAL STAIR

= 0.72

3.68 Cross section O.K

At/s = Tu/(фt*1.7*Aoh*fy)

At/s = 0.14421 mm2/mm/2 legs

= 0.29 mm2/mm/2 legs

minimum torsional reinforcement

= 1.7 mm2/mm/2 legs

= 1.63 mm2/mm/2 legs

Hence minimum torsion reinforcement

= 1.7 mm2/mm/2 legs

dia of stirrups used14 mm

using 2-legged stirrups

required spacing = s = 181 mm c/c

required Nos of closed stirrups 5.53

Provided Nos of closed stirrup 7

 Made Date Sheet
MKI 04/02/2019
Check Date Rev.
ZA 04/02/2019 0

DESIGN OF HELICOIDAL STAIR

Design of Longitudinal Torsion reinforcement

Al = 606 mm2

Minimum Longitudinal torsion reinforcement

= 0.813

-349 mm2

Required torsion st 606 mm2

Provided 2 bars at top edges of dia 20

Provided 2 bars at bottom edges of d20

Longitudinal torsion steel provi ### mm2 > required OK

Tension design of flights

Factored Tension = Nu = 1.2*N = 278.196 kN

Astn =Nu/(Φtfy)=736 mm2

Astn to be provided on 368 mm2

Total Top steel of flight

Ast-top = Ast1+Astn = 3819.38 mm2
Required dia 20 mm 12 Nos at top As required = 3819 mm2
Provided dia 20 mm 13 Nos at top As provided= 4082 mm2
Total Bottom steel of flight
Asb =Asb1+Astn =1608 mm2
Required dia 20 mm 5.12 Nos at bottom As required = 1608 mm2
Provided dia 20 mm 13 Nos at bottom As provided= 4082 mm2