Here, system refers to the rover.

● FUNCTIONAL
○ The system shall determine the location and quantity of water deposits in multiple
locations at two lunar craters located in the Shackleton crater
○ The system shall be able to undock itself from the lander and traverse
automatically to the location of the first crater (since the lander will be used to
land on the surface of the moon and the rover will be the primary system)
○ The system shall automatically travel between different locations in the first crater
and traverse to the second crater followed by locomoting between different
locations on the second crater with a minimum speed of 5 cm/s. (the rover should
be completely autonomous as this is a no crew mission. The minimum speed is to
ensure judicious use of the fuel while maximizing efficiency and minimizing cost)
○ The system shall automatically dig up regolith samples at a minimum of 5 m and
maximum of 15 m depth at each specified location and analyze the quantity of
water deposits (minimum depth as we are unsure how deep seated in the regolith
the ice might be)
○ The system shall have appropriate instrumentation to measure the chemical nature
of the regolith and quantify the water to regolith ratio (mission requirements)
○ The system should have a safety mechanism to ensure that the drill of the system
does not get trapped in the icy formations (if drill gets stuck then mission fails)
● PERFORMANCE
○ The system shall be able to traverse all types of terrain conditions which include
rocky landscapes and craters (lunar surface is uneven and full of craters, want an
all-terrain versatile system)
○ The system shall be resistant to the abrasive nature of lunar dust so that its
functionality is not ceased or reduced due to contact with the latter. (lunar dust
has damaged previous rover missions causing mission failures)
○ The system shall be able to execute all its functions in a microgravity
environment that has one-sixth gravity as that on earth (lunar environment is
microgravity)
○ The system shall be able to relay the quantified estimates of water to the ground
station on earth at a delay of no more than 1.5s. (more delay can cause some data
to be lost)
○ The system shall have at least a power supply of 100W when active and 25W
when inactive (min power required to fulfill its mission- numbers from literature
search)

○ The system shall have a thermal management system to maintain acceptable

temperature ranges for its electronics during the day and night (ensure electronics
remain functional and prevent their damage due to overheating or overcooling)
● CONSTRAINTS

○ The mission shall complete its primary scientific mission no later than December
31,2024

○ The mission shall not exceed the allocated amount of $500 Million US Dollars

○ The system shall be able to operate in total darkness in interior regions of the
crater without the aid of solar energy (not all regions of the crater get illuminated
by the same amount)

○ The system shall be powered during the day and night using an energy source that
can also be used as a radiator during the day and a heat source during the night
(minimize heat losses and reuse the waste heat)

○ The system shall be able to operate in a wide range of temperatures, ranging from
300-1000 K as well as -385F.(accordance to lunar environment and temperature
conditions)