2/8/2019 Chapter 6 - Correlation - Multiple Choice Questions ANSWERS

Chapter 6 - Correlation - Multiple Choice

Questions Answers

1. Correlation refers to

Your response: B. the association between two variables.

Correct!

The correct answer is b. Correlation refers to how two variables covary.

2. If two variables are highly correlated, what do you know?

Your response: A. that they always go together

Incorrect.

The correct answer is d. You can not make any of the causal claims, nor can you be sure they
always go together.

3. If paired scores occupy the same positions within their own distributions (high with high and low
with low)

Your response: D. Pearson r will be close to 0.

Incorrect.

The correct answer is b.

4. Which of the following indicates the strongest relationship?

Your response: C. r = - .6

Correct!

The correct answer is c. The strength of a relationship can be determined by looking at the
absolute value of r, or by computing r2.
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2/8/2019 Chapter 6 - Correlation - Multiple Choice Questions ANSWERS

5. A researcher finds a correlation of .40 between personal income and the number of years of college
completed. Based upon this finding he can conclude that

Your response: B. more years of education causes higher income.

Incorrect.

The correct answer is d. No causality can be inferred.

6. What is the correlation between the following z-scores?

X Y
1.3 1.6
-1.2 -1.0
-0.1 -0.2
0.5 0.3
-0.8 -0.6

Your response: D. -.97

Incorrect.

The correct answer is a. The sum of the z cross-products is 3.93. 3.93/5 = .79

7. In calculating r with raw scores, the numerator of r represents

Your response: B. the variance of Y.

Incorrect.

The correct answer is d.

8. The coefficient of determination tells us

Your response: B. the proportion of variance in Y accounted for by X.

Correct!

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2/8/2019 Chapter 6 - Correlation - Multiple Choice Questions ANSWERS

The correct answer is b.

9. Which of the following may have an adverse effect on a correlation coefficient?

Your response: A. too many people in your experiment

Incorrect.

The correct answer is b. When range is restricted, r is almost always too small.

10. Which of the following would not allow you to calculate a correlation?

Your response: D. a linear relationship between X and Y

Incorrect.

The correct answer is c. Pearson r is not designed to find curvilinear relationships.

11. Which of the following is not a use for r?

Your response: C. power analysis

Correct!

The correct answer is c. Power analysis requires estimates of effect size, N, and alpha. It is used
with hypothesis testing, which has not yet been covered in depth.

12. I am trying to predict the weight of a newborn given some information about its mother and
prenatal care. WT is the birth weight, it is the criterion. MWT is the mothers weight before getting
pregnant, WTGN is how much weight the mother gained during pregnancy, SMK is how many
cigarettes a day the mother smoked during pregnancy, and PRN is how far into the pregnancy the
mother was when she began receiving prenatal care. Here is a correlation matrix of the correlations
between pairs of variables Use this matrix to answer the following question.

WT MWT SMK WTGN PRN

WT 1.000
MWT 0.674 1.000
SMK -0.962 -0.947 1.000
WTGN 0.239 0.258 -0.442 1.000
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2/8/2019 Chapter 6 - Correlation - Multiple Choice Questions ANSWERS

PRN -0.173 -0.214 0.002 0.211 1.000

In this matrix, what is the correlation between smoking and weight gain?

Your response: C. -.442

Correct!

The correct answer is c.

13. I am trying to predict the weight of a newborn given some information about its mother and
prenatal care. WT is the birth weight, it is the criterion. MWT is the mothers weight before getting
pregnant, WTGN is how much weight the mother gained during pregnancy, SMK is how many
cigarettes a day the mother smoked during pregnancy, and PRN is how far into the pregnancy the
mother was when she began receiving prenatal care. Here is a correlation matrix of the correlations
between pairs of variables Use this matrix to answer the following question.

WT MWT SMK WTGN PRN

WT 1.000
MWT 0.674 1.000
SMK -0.962 -0.947 1.000
WTGN 0.239 0.258 -0.442 1.000
PRN -0.173 -0.214 0.002 0.211 1.000

Which of the variables is likely to be the SINGLE best predictor of WT?

Your response: B. WTGN

Incorrect.

The correct answer is c. Even though SMK has a negative correlation with WT, it is the strongest
of the relationships.

14. Multiple Question Scenarios I am trying to predict the weight of a newborn given some information
about its mother and prenatal care. WT is the birth weight, it is the criterion. MWT is the mothers
weight before getting pregnant, WTGN is how much weight the mother gained during pregnancy, SMK
is how many cigarettes a day the mother smoked during pregnancy, and PRN is how far into the
pregnancy the mother was when she began receiving prenatal care. Here is a correlation matrix of the
correlations between pairs of variables Use this matrix to answer the following question.

WT MWT SMK WTGN PRN

WT 1.000
MWT 0.674 1.000

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2/8/2019 Chapter 6 - Correlation - Multiple Choice Questions ANSWERS

SMK -0.962 -0.947 1.000

WTGN 0.239 0.258 -0.442 1.000
PRN -0.173 -0.214 0.002 0.211 1.000

What is the coefficient of determination for the relationship between smoking and mothers' weight?

Your response: A. .947

Incorrect.

The correct answer is c. -.947 squared is .897

Your Score:
Correctly answered 5 out of 14 total questions or 35.7% correct.

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