hat are the functions of the valves in

the veins?
The valves in the veins of the limbs (there are no
valves in abdomino-thoracic veins) help in venous
return, especially during muscular exercise (the
“muscle pump” for venous return). They also prevent
the exudation of fluid out of the veins of the legs and
feet (the pressure in these veins is very high due to
the effect of gravity) by breaking the veins into short
segments instead of there being a long continuous
column of blood below the level of the heart.
Q.2 What is the function of the veins?
Being thin-walled, the veins constitute the
“capacitance” or storage vessels of the circulatory
tree and contain about 70% of the blood. Although
the amount of smooth muscle in the veins is small,
considerable venoconstriction occurs by factors (e.g.,
sympathetic excitation) which cause vasoconstriction
in arterioles. Local factors such as O2 lack and
CO2 excess can also affect small veins. During
hemorrhage, substantial amounts of blood can be
translocated from the veins to the general circulation,
thus helping in increasing the effective blood volume.