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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................... i


TABLE OF TABLES ....................................................................................... v
TABLE OF FIGURE ....................................................................................... vi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................... 1
1.2 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION ................................................................ 2
1.3 OBJECTIVE .............................................................................................. 2
1.4 BENEFIT ................................................................................................... 2
1.5 PROBLEM SOLVING BOUNDARY ....................................................... 3
1.6 REPORT CONTENT ................................................................................. 3

CHAPTER II LITERATURE
2.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................. 4
2.2 HISTORY OF PIPING .............................................................................. 5
2.3 SCOPE OF PIPING ................................................................................... 5
2.4 INTRODUCTION OF PIPING ................................................................. 6
2.4.1 Definition .......................................................................................... 6
2.4.2 Pipe Size ............................................................................................ 7
2.4.3 Pipe Wall Thickness .......................................................................... 8
2.4.4 Piping Classification .......................................................................... 9
2.5 PIPING COMPONENT ............................................................................. 10
2.5.1 Pipe and Tube Product ..................................................................... 11
2.5.2 Pipe Fitting ....................................................................................... 11
2.5.3 Flanges ............................................................................................. 13
2.5.4 Gaskets ............................................................................................. 16
2.5.5 Bolting.............................................................................................. 17
2.5.6 Valve ................................................................................................ 17

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2.5.7 Pipe Support ..................................................................................... 18
2.6 PIPING DESIGN ....................................................................................... 19
2.6.1 Definition of a Design Model .......................................................... 19
2.6.2 Design Data ...................................................................................... 19
2.6.3 P&ID ................................................................................................ 20
2.6.4 Process ............................................................................................. 21
2.6.5 Preparing Material Take Off ............................................................ 23
2.7 PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS ....................................................................... 24
2.7.1 Method of Analysis .......................................................................... 24

CHAPTER III DESIGN ANALYSIS


3.1 Types of Flow Diagrams ............................................................................ 25
3.2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD) & Process Piping and Instrument Flow
Diagram (P&ID)......................................................................................... 25
3.3 General Information about Process Flow Diagram (PFD) ......................... 26
3.3.1 Function of PFD ............................................................................... 26
3.3.2 Content of PFD ................................................................................ 27
3.3.3 PFD Conclusion ............................................................................... 27
3.4 Process Piping and Instrument Flow Diagram (P&ID).............................. 27
3.5 Piping & Instrument Flow Diagram Explanation ..................................... 28
3.5.1 Suction Pump from Coalescer Unit to Oil Export Riser ............... 30
3.5.1.1 Pump Suction Strainer ....................................................... 32
3.5.1.2 Reducer Suction Pump ..................................................... 32
3.5.1.3 Pump Gauges ..................................................................... 33
3.5.1.4 Collector and Delivery Valves of Pump............................ 33
3.5.2 Suction pipeline from Coalescer ................................................. 34
3.6 PIPING CALCULATION AS PER ASME B31.3 ................................... 35
3.6.1 Pipe Inside Diameter Calculation .................................................. 35
3.6.2 Pipe Wall Thickness Calculation ................................................... 37
3.6.3 Material Allowable Stress.............................................................. 39
3.6.4 Quality Weld Factor ...................................................................... 40

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3.6.5 Value of Coefficient Y................................................................... 41
3.6.6 Pressure Design Thickness ............................................................ 42
3.6.7 Thickness Over .............................................................................. 42
3.6.8 Required Thickness ....................................................................... 42
3.6.9 Minimal Thickness ........................................................................ 43
3.6.10 Pipe Schedule Check ................................................................... 43
3.7 3D Model/PDMS ....................................................................................... 43
3.8 Isometric Drawing...................................................................................... 46
3.8.1 Isometric Drawing Explanation ..................................................... 48
3.9 Stress Analysis ........................................................................................... 49
3.9.1 Purpose .......................................................................................... 49
3.9.2 Material .......................................................................................... 49
3.9.3 Dimension ...................................................................................... 49
3.9.4 Condition ....................................................................................... 49
3.9.5 Reference Documents .................................................................... 50
3.9.6 Piping Characteristic ...................................................................... 51
3.9.7 Design Data ................................................................................... 51
3.9.7.1 Friction .............................................................................. 51
3.9.7.2 Insulation ........................................................................... 51
3.9.7.3 Gap .................................................................................... 51
3.9.7.4 Support stiffness ................................................................ 51
3.9.7.5 Hydrostatic test pressure ................................................... 51
3.9.7.6 Stress stiffening due to pressure ........................................ 52
3.9.7.7 Minimum design temperature ........................................... 52
3.9.7.8 Allowable loads on flanges ............................................... 52
3.9.8 Description of Load Case .............................................................. 52
3.9.8.1 General .............................................................................. 52
3.10 Stress Calculation ..................................................................................... 54
3.10.1 Stress Calculation for Piping Code ASME B31.3 ............. 55
3.10.2 Caesar II Static Analysis Result ......................................... 55
3.10.3 Conclusion.......................................................................... 56

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CHAPTER IV MATERIAL PIPING AND COMPONENT SELECTION
4.1 MATERIAL SELECTION ........................................................................ 57
4.2 STRAIGHT PIPE ....................................................................................... 57
4.3 FITTING .................................................................................................... 57
4.4 Flange ......................................................................................................... 58
4.5 Valve .......................................................................................................... 61
4.6 Gasket ......................................................................................................... 62
4.7 Bolt and Nuts ............................................................................................. 62

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TABLE OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Material Take Off ........................................................................... 23
Table 3.1 Difference between PFD and P&ID................................................. 26
Table 3.2 Fluids Percentage in Separator ......................................................... 34
Table 3.3 Material Take Off............................................................................. 48
Table 3.4 Dia Inch Calculation ........................................................................ 48
Table 3.5 Design Condition ............................................................................. 50
Table 3.6 Reference Table ............................................................................... 50

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TABLE OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1 Nominal Pipe Size ......................................................................... 8


Figure 2.1 Weld Neck Flange .......................................................................... 13
Figure 2.2 Slip-on Flange................................................................................. 13
Figure 2.3 Lap Flange ...................................................................................... 14
Figure 3.1 P&ID ............................................................................................... 28
Figure 3.2 Coalescer......................................................................................... 29
Figure 3.3 Pump Arrangement ......................................................................... 31
Figure 3.4 Installation of Eccentric Reducer at Pump Suction ........................ 32
Figure 3.5 Base Outlet Pipeline from Coalescer Unit ...................................... 34
Figure 3.6 Pipe Information ............................................................................. 38
Figure 3.7 Model Look Isometric View ........................................................... 43
Figure 3.8 Model Look South View ................................................................ 44
Figure 3.9 Model Look Down View ................................................................ 44
Figure 3.10 Model Look East View ................................................................. 45
Figure 3.11 Model Look West View................................................................ 45
Figure 3.12 Isometric Drawing ....................................................................... 47
Figure 3.13 Caesar II Load Case Display ........................................................ 54
Figure 3.15 Static Analysis-Material .............................................................. 55
Figure 3.16 Static Analysis-Static Output Processor ....................................... 56
Table 4.2 list of Material Specification ............................................................ 59
Table 4.3 Pressure Temperature Rating Group 1.1 Material ........................... 60

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