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The approach is the difference in temperature between the cooled-water temperature and the entering-air
wet bulb temperature.
The range is the temperature difference between the water inlet and exit states.
Where
Q = H / (Range X 500)
Where
The amount of water that enters as make-up must be equal to the total water that exits the system
or
Where
ER = Q X Range / 1,000
DR = 0.002% X Q
Then, MR = ER + BR …… (eq.1)
Recognizing that in order to keep off from making scale, all of the solids that enter as make- up must exit
as bleed, it follows that:
MR = COC x BR …… (eq.2)
And that:
BR = ER / (COC -1)
Where
Where
The temperature difference between inlet and outlet water (EWT - LWT) is normally in the range 10 – 150
C. The water consumption - the make up water - of a cooling tower is about 0.2-0.3 liter perminute per ton
of refrigeration.
Cooling towers use the principle of evaporative cooling in order to cool water. They can achieve water
temperatures below the dry bulb temperature (DBT) of the air used to cool it. They are in general smaller
and cheaper for the same cooling load than other cooling systems.
Cooling Tower Tons
This is roughly 25% more than chiller ton because the heat of compress ion of the refrigeration
compressor is added to the condenser/cooling tower.