


C

 
N= En =  nP n =  n n
(1- )
n 0 n 0

T  W +S

𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Propagation Time =
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑙

𝑃𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆𝑖𝑧𝑒
Transmission Time =
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑘

Stop & Wait

1 𝜏
η= Stop & wait (Noiseless) 𝑎=
1 + 2𝑎 𝑇𝑓

𝑃 = 1 − (1 − 𝐵𝐸𝑅) 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒

W = 2n-1 Go back N

W < 1/2 (2n) Select Reject

Number of Hosts per subnet: ( 2𝑛)-2