Name/ Description Symbol Drawing

1. Terminal Strip - A barrier strip or

U.S. type terminal block is a
screw-type electrical connector
where the wires are clamped
down to the metal part by a screw.
It is a connector which allows
more than one circuit to connect
to another circuit.

2. Amplifier - An amplifier is an
electronic device that increases
the voltage, current, or power of a
signal. Amplifiers are used in
wireless communications and
broadcasting, and in audio
equipment of all kinds. They can
be categorized as either weak-
signal amplifiers or power
amplifiers.

3. Antenna - An antenna is a device

that transmits and/or receives
electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves are often
referred to as radio waves. Most
antennas are resonant devices,
which operate efficiently over a
relatively narrow frequency band.
An antenna must be tuned to the
same frequency band that the
radio system to which it is
connected operates in, otherwise
reception and/or transmission will
be impaired.

4. Foot Switch - A footswitch is

a switch which is operated with
the user's foot. Footswitches are
also known as foot pedals.
5. Circuit Interrupter - An arc-
fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) also
known as an arc-fault detection
device (AFDD) is a circuit
breaker that breaks
the circuit when it detects an
electric arc in the circuit it protects
to prevent electrical fires.

6. Limit Switch - A limit switch is an

electromechanical device that
consists of an actuator
mechanically linked to a set of
contacts. When an object comes
into contact with the actuator, the
device operates the contacts to
make or break an electrical
connection.e

7. Pressure and Vacuum Switch -

A pressure and vacuum switch is
a form of switch that closes
an electrical contact when a
certain set fluid pressure has
been reached on its input. The
switch may be designed to make
contact either on pressure rise or
on pressure fall. Pressure
switches are widely used in
industry to automatically
supervise and control systems
that use pressurized fluids.
8. Float Switches - Liquid
level sensors or float switches are
used to monitor liquid levels in
tanks or other vessels and are
designed to react according to
predefined high or low levels.

9. Temperature Switches -
Temperature switches are used in
a variety of industrial and
technical processes. If a
preset temperature is reached,
then the temperature
switch opens or closes a
corresponding switch contact.
Depending on the requirements,
mechanical or electronic switches
can be used.
 Flow Switches - are mainly used
to detect the movement of liquid
or air flow through a pipe or duct.
The air flow switch (or a micro
switch) is constructed by a snap-
action.
 This micro switch is attached to a
metal arm .To this metal arm, a
thin plastic or metal piece is
connected.
 When a large amount of air
passes through the metal or
plastic piece, it causes the
movement of metal arm and thus
operates the contacts of the
switch.
 Liquid flow switches are designed
with a paddle that inserted across
the flow of liquid in a pipe. When
liquid flows through the pipe, force
exerted against the paddle
changes the position of the
contacts.
 The above figure shows the
switch symbol used for both air
flow and liquid flow. The flag
symbol on the switch indicates the
paddle which senses the flow or
movement of liquid.
 These switches again normally
open or normally closed type
configurations.

10. Selector Switches - Selector

switches are available in 2, 3, or
4-position versions, and are often
used when more than one control
option is needed. In general, the
center position of the selector
switch is the starting cam position.
Left position presses the left
plunger in the selector switch

11. Red Pushbuttons or Mushroom

Head - Red pushbuttons can also
have large heads (called
mushroom heads) for easy
operation and to facilitate the
stopping of a machine. These
pushbuttons are
called emergency stop buttons
and for increased safety are
mandated by the electrical code in
many jurisdictions. This large
mushroom shape can also be
found in buttons for use with
 operators who need to
wear gloves for their work and
could not actuate a regular flush-
mounted push button.
12. Wobble Stick - Cat whisker and
wobble stick actuators are
typically used in conveying
applications to count objects as
they pass by. They can be
actuated in any direction.

13. Thermal Overload Relays -

Thermal overload relays are
economic electromechanical
protection devices for the main
circuit. They offer reliable
protection for motors in the event
of overload or phase failure. The
thermal overload relay can make
up a compact starting solution
together with contactors.

14. Magnetic Overload Relay - A

magnetic overload relay is an
electro-mechanical relay operated
by the current flow in a circuit.
When the level of current in the
circuit reaches a preset value, the
increased magnetic field opens a
set of contacts. Electromagnetic
overload relays operate on the
magnetic action of the load
current flowing through a coil.
When the load current becomes
too high, a plunger is pulled up
into the coil interrupting the circuit.
The tripping current is adjusted by
altering the initial position of the
plunger with respect to the coil.
15. Air Core Coil - The term air core
coil describes an inductor that
does not use a magnetic
core made of a ferromagnetic
material. The term refers to coils
wound on plastic, ceramic, or
other nonmagnetic forms, as well
as those that have only air inside
the windings. Air core coils have
lower inductance than
ferromagnetic core coils, but are
often used at high frequencies
because they are free from
energy losses called core
losses that occur in ferromagnetic
cores, which increase with
frequency. A side effect that can
occur in air core coils in which the
winding is not rigidly supported on
a form is 'micro phony':
mechanical vibration of the
windings can cause variations in
the inductance.

16. Iron Core Inductors - The iron

core inductors have a very low
value of inductance. In the iron
core inductor, by using iron core
the inductance value of
an inductor can be increased. The
iron core inductor is the fixed
value inductors which have an
iron core placed inside the coiled.

17. Toggle Switch - A toggle

switch is a class of
electrical switches that are
manually actuated by a
mechanical lever, handle, or
rocking mechanism. Toggle
switches are available in many
different styles and sizes, and
are used innumerous applications.
18. Autotransformer -
An autotransformer is an
electrical transformer with only
one winding. The "auto" (Greek
for "self") prefix refers to the
single coil acting alone, not to any
kind of automatic mechanism. In
an autotransformer, portions of
the same winding act as both
the primary and secondary sides
of the transformer. In contrast, an
ordinary transformer has
separate primary and secondary
windings which are not electrically
connected.

19. Air-core Transformer - Air-core

transformers are designed to
transfer radio-frequency
currents—i.e., the currents used
for radio transmission; they
consist of two or more coils
wound around a solid insulating
substance or on an insulating coil
form. Iron-core transformers
serve analogous functions in the
audio-frequency range.

20. Current Transformer - A current

transformer (CT) is a type
of transformer that is used to
measure alternating current (AC).
It produces a current in its
secondary which is proportional to
the current in its primary.

21. Control Transformer - A control

transformer is an isolation
transformer that provides good
voltage regulation, and is also
designed to provide a high degree
of secondary voltage stability
(regulation) during a brief period
of overload condition (also
referred to as “inrush current”).
Control transformers are also
known as Machine Tool
Transformers, Industrial Control
Transformers or Control Power
Transformers.
22. AC Motor - An AC motor is
an electric motor driven by an
alternating current (AC). The AC
motor commonly consists of two
basic parts, an outside stator
having coils supplied with
alternating current to produce a
rotating magnetic field, and an
inside rotor attached to the output
shaft producing a second rotating
magnetic field.

23. Armature - The armature can be

on either the rotor (rotating part)
or the stator (stationary part) of
the electric machine. ... When the
machine or motor is used as
a motor, this EMF opposes
the armature current, and
the armature converts electrical
power to mechanical power in the
form of torque, and transfers it via
the shaft.

24. Power Wires - Electrical power

wires are solid or stranded
conductors surrounded by
insulation, shielding, and a
protective jacket.

25. Control Wire - Control wiring is

used to communicate commands
and other information
between control devices in a
lighting system.
26. Electrical Terminals -
Electrical Terminals are a class of
electrical connector which are
used to transfer electrical current
from a power or grounding source
to a use. Terminals "terminate" by
crimping or soldering to wire or
cable. Crimped terminals, or
"compression terminals" are a
subset of electrical terminals.

27. Ground - Electrical grounding or

“Grounding” originally began as a
safety measure used to help
prevent people from accidentally
coming in contact with electrical
hazards. Grounding is used to
protect that person. By connecting
a green ground wire from the
metal frame of the refrigerator, if
the chassis inadvertently
becomes charged for any reason,
the unwanted electricity will travel
through the wire back to your
electrical panel, and tripping the
circuit-breaker stopping the flow of
electricity. Additionally, that wire
must be connected to something
that is in turn connected to the
earth or ground outside. Typically
this connection is a grounding
electrode, such as a ground rod.

28. Mechanical Splices - Mechanical

rebar connections, also known
as mechanical splices, are used
to join lengths of rebar together.
Building code requirements
for masonry construction now
require longer lap lengths for
some bar sizes.

29. Fixed Resistor - Fixed value

resistors have a defined ohmic
resistance and are not adjustable.
Fixed resistors are the most
commonly used resistors and in
general one of the most used
electronic components. Fixed
resistors are available in axial
leaded and surface mount
packages as well as more
customized packages depending
on their application. While axial
leaded resistors used to be the
most used resistors, nowadays
the advantages of surface mount
 devices make the SMD resistors
the most popular.

30. Fixed Capacitor - A fixed

capacitor is constructed in such
manner that it possesses
a fixed value of capacitance which
cannot be adjusted. A fixed
capacitor is classified according to
the type of material used as its
dielectric, such as paper, oil,
mica, or electrolyte.

31. Adjustable Capacitor - A

variable capacitor is
a capacitor whose capacitance
may be intentionally and
repeatedly changed mechanically
or electronically. Variable
capacitors are often used in L/C
circuits to set the resonance
frequency, e.g. to tune a radio
(therefore it is sometimes called
a tuning capacitor or tuning
condenser), or as a
variable reactance, e.g.
for impedance
matching in antenna tuners.

32. Electrolytic Capacitor -

Electrolytic capacitors are the
most popular polarized capacitors.
They provide large values of
capacitance in a small economical
package. Their main use is
for power supply filtering
(storage). They are also used in
coupling amplifier stages to block
the DC.

33. Adjustable Resistor - A variable

resistor is very important. It allows
you to build a circuit with some
degree of control. For example, a
volume knob can be a variable
resistor. It can act as a control on
the amount of current flowing.
Here is a picture of a variable
resistor from a dimmer switch. A
variable resistor works by
adjusting the path that current has
to flow. Inside the resistor is a
strip of metal or conducting
ceramic which is connected to
one part of the circuit. The dial
you turn will move another piece
of wire inside the resistor. The
end result is that the electricity will
 travel through a certain length of
the strip depending on where you
turn the knob. When the electricity
goes through a longer path, it will
encounter more resistance.

34. Rheostat - A rheostat is a

variable resistor which is used to
control current. They are able to
vary the resistance in a
circuit without interruption.
Rheostats were often used as
power control devices, for
example to control light intensity
(dimmer), speed of motors,
heaters and ovens. Nowadays
they are not used for this function
anymore. This is because of their
relatively low efficiency. In power
control applications they are
replaced by switching electronics.
As a variable resistance they are
often used for tuning and
calibration in circuits. In these
cases they are adjusted only
during fabrication or circuit tuning
(preset resistor). In such
cases trimpotsare often used,
wired as a rheostat. But dedicated
2 terminal preset resistors also
exist.

35. Fuses - Fuses have been used as

essential safety devices from the
early days of electrical
engineering. Today there are
thousands of different fuse
designs which have specific
current and voltage ratings,
breaking capacity and response
times, depending on the
application. The time and current
operating characteristics of fuses
are chosen to provide adequate
protection without needless
interruption. Wiring regulations
usually define a maximum fuse
current rating for particular
circuits. Short circuits,
overloading, mismatched loads, or
device failure are the prime
reasons for fuse operation. A fuse
is an automatic means of
removing power from a faulty
system; often abbreviated to ADS
(Automatic Disconnection of
Supply). Circuit breakers can be
used as an alternative to fuses,
but have significantly different
characteristics.
36. Bell - An electric bell is a
mechanical bell that functions by
means of an electromagnet.
When an electric current is
applied, it produces a repetitive
buzzing or clanging sound.
Electric bells have been widely
used at railroad crossings,
in telephones, fire and burglar
alarms, as school bells, doorbells,
and alarms in industrial plants,
since the late 1800s, but they are
now being widely replaced with
electronic sounders. An electric
bell consists of one or more
electromagnets, made of a coil of
insulated wire around an iron
core, which attract a springy
iron armature with a clapper.
When an electric current flows
through the coils, the
electromagnet creates a magnetic
field which pulls the armature
towards it, causing the clapper to
strike the bell.

37. Buzzer - A buzzer or beeper is

an audio signaling
device,[1] which may
be mechanical, electromechanical
, or piezoelectric (piezo for short).
Typical uses of buzzers and
beepers include alarm
devices, timers, and confirmation
of user input such as a mouse
click or keystroke.

38. Siren - A siren is a loud noise-

making device. Civil defense
sirens are mounted in fixed
locations and used to warn of
natural disasters or attacks.
Sirens are used on emergency
service vehicles such
as ambulances, police cars,
and fire trucks. There are two
general types: pneumatic and
electronic.
39. Rectifier - A rectifier is an
electrical device that converts
alternating (AC), which
periodically reverses direction,
to direct current (DC), which flows
in only one direction. The process
is known as rectification, since it
"straightens" the direction of
current. Physically, rectifiers take
a number of forms,
including vacuum
tube diodes, mercury-arc valves,
stacks of copper and selenium
oxide plates, semiconductor
diodes, silicon-controlled
rectifiers and other silicon-based
semiconductor switches.
Historically, even synchronous
electromechanical switches and
motors have been used. Early
radio receivers, called crystal
radios, used a "cat's whisker" of
fine wire pressing on a crystal
of galena (lead sulfide) to serve
as a point-contact rectifier or
"crystal detector".

40. Battery - An electric battery is a

device consisting of one or
more electrochemical cells with
external connections provided to
power electrical devices such
as flashlights, smartphones,
and electric cars.[1] When a
battery is supplying electric
power, its positive terminal is
the cathode and its negative
terminal is the anode. The
terminal marked negative is the
source of electrons that will flow
through an external electric circuit
to the positive terminal. When a
battery is connected to an
external electric load,
a redox reaction converts high-
energy reactants to lower-energy
products, and the free-energy
difference is delivered to the
external circuit as electrical
energy. Historically the term
"battery" specifically referred to a
device composed of multiple cells,
however the usage has evolved to
include devices composed of a
single cell.
41. Thermocouple -
A thermocouple is an electrical
device consisting of two
dissimilar electrical
conductors forming electrical
junctions at
differing temperatures. A
thermocouple produces a
temperature-
dependent voltage as a result of
the thermoelectric effect, and this
voltage can be interpreted to
measure temperature.
Thermocouples are a widely used
type of temperature sensor.

42. Ignitron Tube - An ignitron is a

type of gas-filled tube used as a
controlled rectifier and dating from
the 1930s. Invented by Joseph
Slepian while employed
by Westinghouse, Westinghouse
was the original manufacturer and
owned trademark rights to the
name "Ignitron". Ignitrons are
closely related to mercury-arc
valves but differ in the way the arc
is ignited. They function similarly
to thyratrons; a triggering pulse to
the igniter electrode turns the
device "on", allowing a high
current to flow between
the cathode and anode electrodes
. After it is turned on, the current
through the anode must be
reduced to zero to restore the
device to its no conducting state.
They are used to switch high
currents in heavy industrial
applications.

43. Diode - A diode is a two-

terminal electronic
component that
conducts current primarily in one
direction
(asymmetric conductance); it has
low (ideally zero) resistance in
one direction, and high (ideally
infinite) resistance in the other. A
diode vacuum tube or thermionic
diode is a vacuum tube with
two electrodes, a
heated cathode and a plate, in
which electrons can flow in only
one direction, from cathode to
plate. A semiconductor diode, the
most common type today, is
a crystalline piece
of semiconductor material with
 a p–n junction connected to two
electrical terminals.

44. Transistor - A transistor is a

semiconductor device used to
amplify or switch electronic
signals and electrical power. It is
composed of semiconductor
material usually with at least three
terminals for connection to an
external circuit.

45. Unijunction Transistor -

A unijunction transistor (UJT) is a
three-lead electronic
semiconductor device with only
one junction that acts exclusively
as an electrically controlled
switch. The UJT is not used as a
linear amplifier.

46. TRIAC - TRIAC, from triode for

alternating current, is a generic
trademark for a three terminal
electronic component that
conducts current in either
direction when triggered. Its
formal name is bidirectional triode
thyristor or bilateral triode
thyristor.

47. Tunnel Diode - A tunnel diode or

Esaki diode is a type of
semiconductor diode that has
negative resistance due to the
quantum mechanical effect called
tunneling. It was invented in
August 1957 by Leo Esaki, Yuriko
Kurose, and Takashi Suzuki when
they were working at Tokyo
Tsushin Kogyo, now known as
Sony.
48. Silicon Controlled Rectifier -
A silicon controlled
rectifier or semiconductor
controlled rectifier is a four-
layer solid-state current-
controlling device. The principle of
four-layer p–n–p–n switching was
developed by Moll, Tanenbaum,
Goldey and Holonyak of Bell
Laboratories in 1956.[1]The
practical demonstration of silicon
controlled switching and detailed
theoretical behavior of a device in
agreement with the experimental
results was presented by Dr Ian
M. Mackintosh of Bell
Laboratories in January 1958. The
name "silicon controlled rectifier"
is General Electric's trade name
for a type of thyristor. The SCR
was developed by a team
of power engineers led by Gordon
Hall and commercialized by Frank
W. "Bill" Gutzwiller in 1957.

49. DIAC - A DIAC (or DIode AC

switch) is bidirectional switching
device and it consists of two
terminals which are not named as
anode and cathode. It means that
a DIAC can be operated in either
direction regardless of the
terminal identification. This
indicates that the DIAC can be
used in either direction.

50. GTO - GTO (Gate Turn off

Thyristor) is a bipolar
semiconductor switching device. It
has three terminals as anode,
cathode and gate. As the name
implies, this switching device is
capable to turn OFF through gate
terminal. A GTO is turned ON by
applying a small positive gate
current triggers the conduction
mode and turned OFF by a
negative pulse to the gate. GTO
symbol consists of double arrows
on the gate terminal which
represents the bidirectional flow of
current through gate terminal.