TurfNews

Volume 70 • No. 1
July – August 2008

T H E N E W S L ET T E R O F T H E O H I O T U R F G R A S S F O U N D AT I O N

2008 OSU/OTF Turfgrass

Research Field Day is August 13.
See Inside for Details!

WHAT’S INSIDE: Industry NEWS

See Page 5
Lawn Care TIPS
See Page 12
Golf Course TIPS
See Page 14
 TurfNews
TurfNews distributes useful and timely advice, information and
research from Ohio’s most knowledgeable experts and professionals
to OTF members and those in the turfgrass industry.

Vol. 70 • No. 1 July – August 2008

TurfNews is produced by the Ohio Turfgrass Foundation

1100-H Brandywine Blvd, Zanesville, Ohio 43701-7303
1-888-OTF-3445 and is available to all members
www.OhioTurfgrass.org
T H E N E W S L ET T E R O F T H E O H I O T U R F G R A S S F O U N D AT I O N
Back issues of OTF TurfNews are available on our website at www.OhioTurfgrass.org.

The purpose of the Ohio Turfgrass Foundation is to promote the turfgrass industry in Ohio, to encourage the further research and education
in turfgrass science and to speak on matters of policy affecting the turfgrass industry – all of which provide better turf for everyone.

This Issue Sponsored By:

Inside 08 Calendar OF Events

Message From the OTF President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Ohio Sod Producers Association (OSPA)
Summer Field Day
OSU/OTF Turfgrass Research Field Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 August 12, 2008
Columbus Turf Nursery, Ashville, OH
888-683-3445
Green Industry News. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
OSU/OTF Turfgrass Research Field Day
OTF Golf Tournament . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 August 13, 2008
OTF Research & Education Facility, Columbus, OH
OTF Golf Tournament Registration Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 888-683-3445

Equipment Donations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Ohio Lawn Care Outdoor Summer Seminar (OLCA)

August 14, 2008
OTF Research & Education Facility, Columbus, OH
Residential Lawn Care Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 800-510-5296

Golf Course Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 OTF Golf Tournament

October 6, 2008
Sports Turf Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Westfield Group Country Club, Westfield Center, OH
888-683-3445
Hort Shorts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Ohio Turfgrass Conference & Show
December 8 – 11, 2008
Protect Employees During the Summer Heat . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, OH
888-683-3445
New Growth & Technology #1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

New Growth & Technology #2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Corporate Sponsor – Syngenta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31


 MESSAGE
FROM THE
PRESIDENT
OTF is Greener than Ever.
Today’s society is using terms like green, or organic, and is starting
to think differently. Whether it is political, personal, or just jumping
on the band wagon, changes are starting to happen. You can see the
changes all around you. Just walk through any major super store
and you will see organic seeds, potting soil, fruits, vegetables, etc.
Buildings, cars and landscapes are all going green. Fresh, clean
water has become more valuable than ever and is a resource that
cannot be taken for granted.
How does this all fit in with us as turfgrass and landscape managers?
Research has proven that turfgrass is an amazing filter for ground
water and absorbs gasses, such as carbon and sulfur dioxide, along
with a list of other positive influences.
OTF, with other green industry leaders, is currently spearheading an
economic impact survey for the state of Ohio that will help prove
to legislators the importance and value of turfgrass to the state.
Whether it is a golf course, ball field, or front yard, turfgrass has a
value and the state of Ohio should support research.
Speaking of research, the OSU Turfgrass Science Team has been hard
at work planning a great time at this year’s field day on August 13.
Come and join the OTF and OTRT boards checking out the research
at this years Field Day. You can go to www.ohioturfgrass.org for more
information and registration.
The point that I am trying to make is that you should be proud of
being a member of an association that is greener than ever through
the sound research that you have supported.
Your OTF President,
Todd J. Voss
OTF Members
Encouraged to
Participate
in New Statewide Turfgrass
Economic Impact Study
Recently, the Ohio Turfgrass Foundation Board of Directors
made the decision to conduct a statewide Economic Impact
Survey for the turfgrass industry for the first time since 1989.
The Strategy Team, Inc., Columbus, OH has been contracted
to perform the extensive survey and report the results back
to the OTF Board so we can share the information with Ohio’s
green industry professionals, state legislators and others
who have a vested interest in our industry.
Ohio’s turfgrass industry provides thousands of jobs, creates
millions of dollars in tax revenue and creates many benefits
to the environment. Without current information, however, it
is difficult to communicate the direct economic impact our
industry has on the state to our legislators and others.
Recognizing the survey’s importance and potential ben-
efits to Ohio’s turfgrass industry, The Ohio State University
Turfgrass Science Program supports this initiative and is
assisting with the development of the survey. This coop-
erative effort between OSU and OTF will have long-term
benefits for the OSU Turfgrass Science Program and future
funding efforts.
As a green industry professional in Ohio your support of
this project is vital. If you are surveyed, OTF urges you to
take the time to complete the written survey, or verbal, if
contacted by phone. Your feedback is invaluable to this
effort and will help provide the data needed to support
our industry.
If you have questions, contact OTF at 888-683-3445. We
look forward to your participation in this important en-
deavor!

 OSU/OTF Turfgrass Research Field Day – August 13
All turfgrass and landscape managers interested in learning about
current research at The Ohio State University should plan to spend
August 13 with hundreds of fellow turfgrass professionals at the OTF
Research & Education Facility in Columbus.
The field day provides a great forum to meet with other turf and
landscape professionals and the OSU Turfgrass Science Team. It is
an excellent opportunity to learn from many of the country’s best
in turfgrass and landscape research and teaching, tour the OTF
Research & Education Facility, and network with industry peers.
Following is a tentative listing of topics that will be offered:
GOLF
• Dew • Insecticide Update
• Dollar Spot/Fertility • Putting Green Hydrology
• Fungicide Evaluation • Shaded Bentgrass
• Fungicide Timing
cultivars in the trials and you can spend time viewing the trials after
2 pm if you like.
Transportation to the trial gardens is on your own but they are less
than one mile from the turf research center. There is no additional
cost for the afternoon garden tour. Horticulturists and other green
industry personnel are welcome for the tour.
For additional information please contact Claudio Pasian by email at
pasian.1@osu.edu.
Field Day brochures and registration materials will be mailed to all
OTF members this month. For more information, contact the OTF
office at 888-683-3445 or visit www.OhioTurfgrass.org.
Register online at www.OhioTurfgrass.org!

LAWN & SPORTS

• Broadleaf Weed Control • Low Input Sustainable Turfgrass
• Fertilizer/PGRs • Plant Growth Regulators
• Fertilizer Costs • Preemergence Crabgrass Control
• Urban Landscape
Ecology

Afternoon Program (1:00 – 2:00 pm)

One hour seminars will be available in the afternoon for those
interested in earning turf (Category 8) and ornamentals (Category
6c) credit towards Pesticide License Re-Certification.

Ornamental Insect & Mite Management Update for 2008

Dr. Dave Shetlar, OSU (Category 6a, 1 hr)

Weed Control
Dr. John Street and Dr. Dave Gardner, OSU (Category 8, 1 hr)

Turfgrass Pests Diagnostics Walk

Pam Sherratt and Joe Rimelspach, OSU (Category 8, 1 hr)

Annual and Perennial OSU Gardens Trial Open House

A tour of the OSU annual and perennial gardens will be provided
on west campus at Howlett Hall/Kottman Hall. There are over 550


GREEN
INDUSTRY
NEWS
$5 Million Third Frontier
Grant to Advance Granule
Technology
The performance of a liquid combined with the convenience of a
capsule is the focus of a $5 million three-year Third Frontier Grant
exploring advanced granule technologies that address the economic,
health and environmental concerns of the turfgrass, horticulture and
agricultural industries.
The Andersons, Inc. will be leading an Ohio Bioproducts Innovation
Center project to develop granular material that more effectively
contains, transports, and delivers fertilizer and pesticides, or other
biologically active ingredients, to specific areas. The result is a more
effective and environmentally safer product, activating only when
exposed to water.
Ohio State University’s Ohio Agricultural Research and Development
Center and Ohio State University Extension will provide scientists to
develop and help commercialize the materials.
“Our granular technology is well received within the professional turf
markets and generates a revenue stream for our Turf & Specialty
Group,” said The Andersons CEO Mike Anderson. “This grant will en-
able us to accelerate our research in extending this proprietary tech-
nology to agriculture applications that we believe will provide ben-
efits on a global scale. We are proud to be a leader in this project.”
Other collaborators of the project include: Syngenta Crop Protection,
Inc.; Ohio-based PSB Company, a division of White Castle System;
Ohio-based National Lime and Stone Company; and the U.S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service.
“We are extremely pleased that this award will enhance an already
strong working relationship with The Andersons, Syngenta and other
partners. The focus of delivering a granule to crops with the perfor-
mance of a liquid and retaining the convenience and safety of gran-
ule products is exciting,” said OARDC director Steve Slack. “We look
forward to participating as a research and development partner on
this project.”
The broad range of targeted applications of the granule technol-
ogy includes turf, nursery, floriculture, fruits, vegetables and field
crops.
“This is a significant award for all Ohioans, as this investment will
create new jobs and needed economic growth,” said Bobby Moser,
dean of Ohio State University’s College of Food, Agricultural, and En-
vironmental Sciences. “We are honored to have the opportunity to
collaborate with The Andersons and assist in the development and
adaptation of the advanced granular technology in much larger agri-
cultural markets in both the U.S. and around the world.”
Ohio State University researchers involved in the project include: ag-
ricultural engineer Erdal Ozkan, turfgrass specialist Dave Gardner,
nursery and landscape specialist Hannah Mathers, plant pathologist
Mike Boehm, horticulturist Claudio Pasian, vegetable specialist Mark
Bennett, soil and environmental chemist Nick Basta, weed scientist
Mark Loux and entomologist Dave Shetlar.

13th Annual Ohio Lawn Care
Outdoor Summer Seminar
Scheduled for August 14
The 2008 Ohio Lawn Care Outdoor Summer Seminar is scheduled for
August 14. This outdoor, hands-on field day will offer presentations
from industry experts on:
• The Green World Above a 3-inch Cut
Fred Hower, The Ohio Nurseryman (General Session)
• Broadleaf Weeds & Herbicide Update (Cat. 8, .5 Hrs.)
Dr. David Gardner, OSU Dept. of Horticulture & Crop Science
• Turfgrass Insect Diagnostics & Management (Cat. 6a, .5 Hrs.)
Dr. Dave Shetlar, OSU Dept. of Entomology
• Weedy Grass Management & Fertilizer Update (Cat. 8, .5 Hrs.)
Dr. John Street, OSU Dept. of Horticulture & Crop Science
• Emerald Ash Borer Update & Tree/Shrub Disease ID
& Management (Cat. 6a, .5 Hrs.)
Amy Stone, Extension Educator Urban & Consumer Horticulture,
Lucas County & Joe Rimelspach, OSU Dept. of Plant Pathology
• Equipment Displays and Demonstrations
• Applicator Record Keeping & Lawn Notification –
General Session (CORE, 1 Hr.)
Terry Grace, Ohio Department of Agriculture
This year’s event will be held on Thursday, August 14 at The Ohio
Turfgrass Foundation Research and Education Facility in Columbus.
Registration information will be mailed in July. Nearly 200 lawn
care professionals participated in this important annual event in
2007.
For the eighth year in a row, the Ohio Lawn Care Outdoor Summer
Seminar is being offered in conjunction with the OSU/OTF Turfgrass
Research Field Day, which will be held the previous day. Join green
industry professionals from Ohio and surrounding states with turf-
grass research tours for Grounds, Lawn Care, Landscaping and Golf
Course management.
For information contact the OLCA office at 800-510-5296 or visit
www.OhioLawnCare.org.
For information about the OSU/OTF Turfgrass Research Field Day
see page 4.

OTF Seeks Nominations
for Annual Awards
Do you know anyone who deserves recognition for contributions
to turf management? Applications for nominating this year’s re-
cipients of “Professional of the Year” and “Professional Excellence”
awards may be found at www.OhioTurfgrass.org or by calling OTF at
888-683-3445.
Nominees for “Professional of the Year” awards are judged on the
following attributes:
• Fellowship – willingness to share knowledge with and help train
fellow turf personnel
• Inventive Ingenuity – leadership in developing new ideas and trends
in turfgrass management
• Membership in turf related and other civic organizations
• Length of dedicated service to the turf industry
Professional Excellence awards are based upon similar criteria, and
are awarded to those deserving special recognition for significant
contributions to the turfgrass industry. Awards and scholarships will
be presented right before the Keynote Speech, Tuesday, December 9,
at the Ohio Turfgrass Conference & Show.
The 2007 Professional of the Year was awarded to Bill Powell, Clear-
view Golf Course. Professional Excellence Awards were presented
to Mike O’Keeffe, OSU International Programs and John Miller,
GCSAA/LPGA Agronomist.
The deadline to submit your nomination is October 24.
2008 OTF Scholarship
Applications Accepted
OTF is committed to improving turfgrass through research and educa-
tion. One of the best ways to foster this commitment is by providing
scholarships to students pursuing green industry studies. Last year,
along with the Ohio Turfgrass Research Trust and the Ronald D. Baker,
Sr. Memorial Scholarship, OTF provided $22,000 in scholarships to
turf students.
To solicit qualified candidates, OTF sent letters and scholarship ap-
plications in May to the faculty of turfgrass programs at several Ohio
colleges. In addition, OTF members are asked to recommend any of
their student summer employees who they feel would be qualified.
Ohio
OTF scholarship applications are available at www.OhioTurfgrass.org. Turfgrass
The deadline to apply is October 24. Research
Trust Inc.
OTF’s scholarship committee is certain to see a large number of
applications, making the task of choosing scholarship recipients

Ohio Turfgrass
difficult, but ensuring that OTF’s awards go to the best and brightest
students in the green industry. Scholarships will be awarded immedi-
ately preceeding this year’s Keynote Speech on Tuesday, December
9. For more information on OTF’s scholarship program, contact OTF
Research Trust Update
at 888-683-3445.

OTF Auction Needs

Your Donation
All OTF members are encouraged to donate to this year’s auction.
Now is the time to think of what you can donate that will raise
money for turfgrass research.

Everyone – not just exhibitors – can help! Think of something fun

or unique. Last year, more than $15,000 was raised thanks to many The Ohio Turfgrass Research Trust (OTRT) is pleased to
great donations.
announce that Mark Grunkemeyer, Buckeye Ecocare was

Rounds of golf donated by some of Ohio’s premier golf courses nominated to serve on its Board of Directors. Grunkemey-
were very popular, as were sporting event tickets. OSU vs. LSU er replaces long-time board member Paul Jacquemin,
National Championship Football Game tickets raised $2000, 4 tickets
to the Notre Dame vs. Stanford football game went for $1000, and The Andersons, whose term expired February 1, 2008.
4 Columbus Blue Jackets tickets went for $350. A night with the OTF and OTRT thank Paul for his many years of service on
Grounds Crew at a Cincinnati Reds game earned $350, and Cleve-
both the OTF and OTRT Board of Directors. Grunkemeyer
land Browns autographed football jerseys raised more than $200.
is also a Trustee of the Ohio Turfgrass Foundation and will
The profits support turfgrass research and scholarships in Ohio! serve as the liaison between OTF and OTRT.
The Live Auction will take place on Wednesday, December 10 from
5:00 – 7:00 pm.
In other OTRT board news, Dr. Chuck Darrah, CLC LABS
You’ll also have the chance to earn up to $1000 by entering the
was nominated as President to succeed Joe Motz, The
reverse-raffle. Plan now to purchase raffle tickets, donate, and bid
on items. To make your donation, call OTF at 888-683-3445. Motz Group, while Motz was nominated to replace Darrah

as Treasurer – both are 2-year terms.

Participating in the auctions is great fun and the profits go to the
turf program!


The OTF Conference & Show Update
The Program Development and Trade Show planning committees of OTF recently announced designs
for the 2008 Ohio Turfgrass Conference & Show, scheduled for December 8 – 11 in Columbus.

“The goal of this year’s design is to get across the message that there is a lot more at OTF than just
turf. We have lots of sessions geared to ornamentals, irrigation, aquatics, human resources, etc. And
the exhibitors display more than just turf products and services,” explained OTF Executive Director
Kevin Thompson.

The committee’s goal was to graphically portray that the OTF Conference and Show has offerings
for lawn and landscape, groundskeepers, horticulturalists, and more. “Even though this event has
succeeded for 42 years, there are many who are new to the industry, or they just don’t realize the
many options available to them. This is the best conference in the country to learn about the latest in
grounds management, visit leading suppliers and meet thousands of fellow turf professionals.”

Since January the committees have been hard at work planning this year’s conference and show to be held at the Greater Columbus Conven-
tion Center. A fantastic educational program has been developed that caters to the needs of all turfgrass and landscape professionals. Several
highly-regarded, nationally-known turfgrass experts are on the program.

Complete conference details, along with registration information, will mail to all members and be available at www.OhioTurfgrass.org in
September.

Help OTF Save Money

The green industry experiences a lot of employee turn-over, making it difficult to keep records up-to-date. Do you receive mailings from
OTF addressed to individuals you no longer employ? If the answer is “YES”, you can save OTF money by helping to update our database.
OTF urges you to help. If you receive mailings for former employees, or others who should not receive mailings, please call OTF at
888-683-3445 and speak with a Customer Service representative. Make sure to give us your email address, too, if we do not already have
it. If you’re not getting emails from OTF you may be missing out on a lot of important information.

Attention Sod Suppliers & Vendors

The OSPA Annual Summer Field Day is scheduled for Tuesday, August 12 at Columbus Turf Nursery, Ashville, Ohio. The Field Day is free to
exhibit for OSPA member companies. Non-OSPA member exhibitor registration is just $150 per company. Dinner is included for all partici-
pants. For information on exhibiting or attending, call OSPA at 888-683-3445 or visit www.OhioTurfgrass.org under calendar of events for
more information.

Interested in becoming a member of The Ohio Sod Producers Association? Contact OSPA at 888-683-3445. OSPA – a division of OTF.


 Westfield Group Country Club
to Host OTF Golf Tournament – Monday, October 6
The Ohio Turfgrass Foundation is excited to announce it will hold
its annual Scholarship and Research fundraising scramble Monday,
October 6 at Westfield Group Country Club, Westfield Center, OH.
Westfield Group Country Club is a 36-hole facility owned and op-
erated by Westfield Group Insurance and is used primarily for the
entertaining of Westfield agents, employees, select members and
their guests.
The original nine was built in 1937 on what is now the front nine
of the South Course. In 1969, under the direction of Golf Course
Architect Geoff Cornish, the South Course was expanded to 18
holes. In 1972, Cornish and then Superintendent John Spodnik
teamed up once again to construct the North Course and pro-
vide the template for today’s facility. In 1997, Craig Schreiner was
hired as golf course architect and developed a new Master Plan,
of which many projects have been executed including; South
Course Bunker Renovation, and 2005 South Course Renovation
to holes 4, 5, 15 and 13.
The 2008 Scholarship and Research Scramble will be played on
the North Course which is a par 72, plays 6,800 yards from the
tips and has a slope rating of 72.6.
OSU Grad Kyle Smith is Assistant on the North Course, while Mike
Sterzer (ATI) is the Assistant on the South Course.
The 2007 tournament, held at NCR Country Club generated more
than $13,000 for the OTF Scholarship and Research fund.
Next to the OTF Conference and Show, the Golf Tournament gen-
erates the most non-dues revenue for OTF. Lawn care compa-
nies, sod producers, athletic field managers, grounds managers
and golf course superintendents and their staff are encouraged
to participate and support OTF’s mission of funding turfgrass re-
search and education.
“We urge everyone to register early since we’ll undoubtedly sell
out”, exclaimed OTF Executive Director Kevin Thompson. “It is a
great way to build staff loyalty and to reward employees for their
hard work – while supporting OTF”.
Also contributing to the success of the tournament are the spon-
sors. “We would be remiss in not mentioning the fact that spon-
sors play a huge role in the success of the tournament” adds
Mark Jordan, OTF Golf Tournament Committee Chair. If you are
interested in sponsorship, please contact OTF offices or simply fill
out a sponsorship form on the tournament registration form.
To reserve your spot in this year’s tournament, please register
early as space is limited to the first 144 golfers. The registration
form is on page 10 and on the OTF website. Call 888-683-3445
for more information.

 OTF Golf Tournament
Westfield Group Country Club – October 6, 2008
Join other turfgrass professionals on Monday, October 6 at the Westfield Group Country Club –
Westfield Center, OH for the 2008 OTF Golf Tournament. The tournament is limited to the first 144 golfers.
Reservations will be made on a first-come, first-served basis. For your best chance at reserving space,
complete the reservation form, include your registration fees, and mail or fax them to us today!

Highlights of the Day Include:

18 holes of golf at the fabulous Westfield Group Country Club • Individual gifts for each golfer
Shotgun scramble beginning at 11:00 am • Box Lunch • Team Individual and door prizes
Hole-in-One contests • Putting contest • Hot hors d’euvres and awards presentations

Deadline for Reservations: Monday, September 29, 2008. Reservations will be processed on a first-come, first-served basis.

Member Information Sponsorships (Please check one)

Member #_______________________________________________________ Tee Sponsor – $175

Name__________________________________________________________
Beverage Cart Sponsor – $500
Mailing Address___________________________________________________

City____________________________________________________________ Meal Sponsor – $500

State _________________________ Zip+4____________________________

@
Phone ( ) __________________________________________________ Method of Payment (Payment due at time of order)
E-mail__________________________________________________________
@
Completing this form serves management notice that you agree to be contacted by mail, phone, fax and/or e-mail. Company Check Cashier’s Check/Money Order (Make payable to OTF)
Debit Credit American Express Discover MasterCard VISA
OTF Member Yes No
All payments in US funds drawn on a US bank.
I am registering as a single golfer @ $125. A $25 fee will be changed for a returned check.
I am registering more than one golfer @ $125 each.
(List names of golfers below.) Credit Card Account #_ _________________________________________
I am registering as a foursome @ $500.
(List organization and names of golfers below.)
Exp. Date __________________ Amt. Charged $_ __________________
Organization_ ____________________________________________________

1.__________________________________________ Hdcp ______________ Cardholder’s Name (print) _______________________________________

2.__________________________________________ Hdcp ______________

Authorized Signature___________________________________________
3.__________________________________________ Hdcp ______________

4.__________________________________________ Hdcp ______________

(Combined team handicap must be 40 or more)

For Office Use Only
Rcvd___________ Amt $ __________ Ck# __________ Ackd __________
Mail or Fax with Payment to:
OTF Golf Tournament – Ohio Turfgrass Foundation
1100-H Brandywine Blvd Important OTF Golf Tournament Policy
Zanesville, OH 43701-7303
Phone: (888) 683-3445 • Fax: (740) 452-2552
Any team that has won the OTF Annual Golf Tournament may only have
Web: www.OhioTurfgrass.org • E-mail: info@OhioTurfgrass.org a maximum of two (2) returning players compete on the same team the
* Directions will be sent with confirmations following year.
 Donations to the OTF/OSU Turfgrass
Research and Education Facility
Matt Williams – Program Coordinator, Horticulture and Crop Science

ties. Another essential support category is soft goods. This faction

includes fertilizers, pesticide, seed and sod. Most of the products
that we use at the turf center have been donated by manufacturers
and retailers.

We wanted to take the opportunity to highlight a couple of recent

donations that were made to the facility. Century Equipment with
support from Toro donated 120 Super 800 irrigation heads. We
were able to replace all of the heads around our 18 USGA greens.
Student workers are seen on page 21 installing one of the heads.

GreensGroomer Worldwide Made the generous donation of If you or your company is interested in donating products, services
a topdressing broom with a spring tine rake attachment. A or supplies to the OTF/OSU Turfgrass Research Facility, please con-
GreensSlicer pull behind spiker was also donated by Greens- tact Matt Williams, 614.292.6264 or williams.1278@osu.edu.
Groomer, as seen below being pulled by a John Deere Gator
which was loaned to the facility by Xenia Power Equipment. Soft Goods Donors
BASF
As we approach the OSU Turfgrass research field day the Faculty Bayer Crop Science
and Staff of the OTF/OSU Turfgrass Research and Education Facility Central Farm and Garden
would like to recognize the organizations, companies and individu- Dow Agrosciences
als that support research projects and programs at the facility. Fairmont Minerals
Green Velvet Sod Farm
In an era of tight federal and state budgets, limited funds are made Griggs Brothers
available to the research center. The monies that the center does Irrigation Supply, Inc.
receive from the university are used for faculty salaries and utilities Kurtz Brothers
at the center. It is the responsibility of the Turfgrass Science team to Lesco/John Deere Landscapes
raise money for support staff, research technicians, student work- Milorganite
ers, equipment, chemicals, and anything else that is needed to op- Ohio Irrigation Association
erate the facility. The primary source of additional money to run PBI Gordon
the turfgrass facility comes from OTF. A portion of OTF’s financial Profile Products
donations is specifically used to operate the facility. OTF has com- Syngenta
mitted $60,000 for facility support in 2008. The Andersons
The Scotts Company
Equipment donations are another large support category. Most of The Seed Center
the equipment that we use at the facility has been donated or is Turfgrass, Inc.
on a seasonal loan. Typically, manufacturers will allow local deal- UAP
ers and distributors to loan equipment to the research center for
a period of six months to one year. This is beneficial to both par- continued on page 21

11
 RESIDENTIAL
LAWN CARE
TIPS
Patch Diseases in Lawns
Mr. Joe Rimelspach, OSU, Dept. of Plant Pathology
There are two diseases that may have similar symptom patterns
in lawns. These are summer patch (Magnaporthe poae) and ne-
crotic ring spot (Ophiosphaerella korrae). Past research in Ohio
identified necrotic ring spot as the more common of these two in
Kentucky bluegrass lawns. The main difference is the time of year
these diseases are active and invades the roots and crowns of
plants. Necrotic ring spot initial develops in cooler periods of the
spring and fall (60 – mid 70’s) and summer patch infection devel-
ops at higher temperatures of (mid 70’s – mid 80’s). Both fungi
compromise the functioning of the root system so under heat and
drought conditions the symptoms are the most severe.
12
Symptoms
Brown more or less circular patches are caused by one of two
fungi that attack the below ground parts of the grass plants (roots,
crowns, stolons, and rhizomes). The diseases are caused by two
different fungi, but are managed in a very similar fashion. It is
difficult to distinguish between the two diseases on a Kentucky
bluegrass lawn. The key to managing these diseases is growing
healthy stress free turfgrass.
Turfgrass Species Affected
• Kentucky bluegrass
• Fine fescue
• Annual bluegrass
Some Diagnostic Features
• Dead “circular” patches usually 1/2 – 2 feet in diameter (circles
or crescents) the affected circle is often sunken.
• Dead rings with green grass in the middle are referred to as
frogeye patches. Over time, different types of grass may develop
in the center of the patch. These are resistant to the diseases.
• The roots, stems and crown area are often dark brown on the
affected plants due the presents of the pathogen fungus grow-
ing on these parts of the plants.
Management Practices
Cultural:
• Reduce compaction (a good way to relieve compaction is
through the use of a core removal machine, which removes a
small plug of turf and soil. This procedure should be done sev-
 eral times a year and it is recommended to pull a minimal of
20 cores per square foot. The goal is to dramatically improve
the root growth and health of the turfgrass.
• Improve drainage.
• Raise mowing height if possible (above 2 inches).
• Water frequently to avoid ANY MOISTURE stress. Since the root
system is not functioning properly soil moisture levels need
to be carefully managed. Avoid wilt! Also do not over water
and create a water logged root zone since this will cause a
further decline of an already weak root system.
• Properly prepare site for sod, address compaction and poor
quality soils. The goal is to have a similar soil as the sod was
originally grown on.
• Maintain the turfgrass with a very slow release fertilizer. Do
not allow the lawn to be “hungry” again remember the roots
are not functioning well so continues slow realer feeding in
needed to maintain growth and health.
Genetic:
• Overseed with a resistant cultivar of Kentucky Bluegrass check
the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) trials for re-
sistant cultivars at http://hort.unl.edu/ntep/.
• The use of genetic resistance turfgrasses is limited to new
seeding, renovation and overseeding.

DISEASE NAME SIGNS & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

(Pathogen name) SYMPTOMS FACTORS STRATEGIES*

Summer Patch Begins as dark Warm/Extremes in soil Avoid low mowing

(Magnaporthe poae)
& stress (1 – 3 inches)
Necrotic Ring Spot
(Ophiosphaerella korrae)
wilted spots like drought
and enlarge to patches
(about 12 inches
diameter)
Shapes are variable,
crescents, streaks etc.,
outer edge of circles/
patches are brown
with green centers
are common
Crowns and roots
usually die
moisture (Fluctuating & thatch buildup
wet to dry)
Maintain soil pH
Poor quality soil, between 6 & 7
compacted, clay, buried
stone and debris, etc. Frequent watering
when dry to avoid stress
Usually occurs on
sodded lawns with Use very slow-
poor site preparation release fertilizer
(the turf has a weak or
limited root system) Renovate the
damaged areas with
resistant grasses
Difficult to manage
with fungicides

* For fungicide recommendations check with county cooperation extension officer and State Land Grant University in your area.
In Ohio refer to Bulletin L-187, Management of Turfgrass Pests: Weeds, Diseases and Insects (http://ohioline.osu.edu/lines/bulls.html).

13
 GOLF
COURSE
TIPS
Reduced Irrigation/Sprinkler Flow
Dr. Karl Danneberger, OSU

Reduction in water flow through an irrigation system can be due 2. Wood, T.S. and T.G. March. Biofouling of wastewater treatment
to many factors including improper nozzle pressure, clogging of plants by the freshwater bryozoans, Plumatella vaihiriae. Water
the nozzle, and filter clogging to name a few. One potential cause Research 33(3): 609-614.
is due to a jelly-like creature. Bryozoans are small animals that
have a similar life style as coral, except bryozoans are found in
freshwater and they make a jelly-like or gelatinous matrix to live
in. Bryozoans attach to any solid substrate (i.e. filters, base of ir-
rigation heads, etc.). There are several species that have caused
clogging problems in freshwater lakes and rivers used for golf
course irrigation in the United States. Interestingly, many Euro-
pean cities in the 1800’s regularly reported disruption of their
public water service due to bryozoans2.

Recently, new reports have surfaced that bryozoans are caus-

ing disruptions with wastewater treatment facilities in the United
States1. We do not know how widespread the problem is, if at all,
but the potential exists for filter clogging with effluent or waste-
water.

The photos show a sprinkler head filter clogged with a Bryozoan.

A single individual can start a colony by re-producing asexually
(budding), resulting in a large colony. Bryozoans are often con-
fused with seaweed, algae, and most frequently with moss (The
Greek word Bryon means moss). The control of bryozoans is not Bryozoa on a sprinkler filter (photo courtesy of Paul Latshaw).
known, because so little is known of this microscopic creature. It
is reported that small amounts of copper are toxic to them.

References
1. Kraepelin, K., 1886. Die Fauna der Hamburger Wasserleitung.
Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins. Hamburg 9 (1): 1–15.

14
SPORTS
TURF
TIPS
IPM Programs for Schools
Pamela Sherratt & Dr. John Street, OSU, Dept. of Horticulture & Crop Science

What is IPM and who needs to start a program? guidelines on how to do this and other resources for schools that
Integrated pest management or IPM describes an approach to can be accessed through The Ohio State Pesticide Education Pro-
turf pest management that encompasses many different and gram.
complementary pest control methods. The aim of is to reduce the
use of pesticides and to control a pest in the most efficient yet
friendly way possible. This ultimately involves good record keep-
ing and regular field monitoring. There are many reasons why
turf managers adopt an IPM program. In some instances, legisla-
tion is passed that requires IPM practices by law. For example,
“Athletic fields are only
in Ohio there is legislation called Jarod’s Law (see end of article
for all references) that requires all schools to be inspected by
as good as the attention they
the Ohio Health Department. Jarod’s Law, passed by the Gen-
eral Assembly in 2005 and named after Jarod Bennett, requires get, and as such it requires
county health department inspectors to spend one day each year
inspecting Ohio schools for safety and sanitary hazards. Inspec- someone with turf knowledge
tions will not just focus on the inside of schools, but also on the
athletic facilities and grounds. Part of that inspection includes the to take care of them.”
proper recording, handling and storage of pesticides. In Europe,
Canada and certain states in the US, some local authorities have
restricted or banned the use of pesticides, forcing turf managers
to look at alternative ways to manage turf. Proactive turf manag-
ers may even be enrolled in a certification program, such as the Identify Safety & Agronomic Priorities and Set Thresholds
IPM Star program, governed by the IPM Institute. The IPM team identifies possible field safety issues and makes
those a priority. This could include problems like an unstable
Starting an IPM Program: The IPM “Team” playing surface, a built-up baseball infield lip, a torn synthetic
The very first step in developing an IPM program is to designate surface, sports equipment left out, or obstacles in the field of play.
a group of people that will make up the IPM team. This group Once the safety problems have been identified, the agronomic
will have a sound agronomic background with good diagnostic problems are identified and recorded.
and record keeping skills. A large portion of the team’s time will
be spent recording the use and storage of pesticides. There are continued on page 16

15
 continued from page 15
FIGURE 1
FIGURE 2
Figures 1 and 2: Setting pest thresholds. How many grubs,
weeds, or diseases does it take to affect field safety and per-
formance?
Most agronomic problems on athletic field are caused by soil
compaction and surface damage. Playing surfaces that are not
even and true need to be addressed first because holes in the
field could easily be future ankle breakers. Addressing surface
levels is a priority. When evaluating field pest problems, the team
needs to set thresholds. In other words, identify the amount of
pests that is considered acceptable. For example, how many
weeds on a field are acceptable before the playing surface is
considered unsafe?
How much disease pressure does it take for the grass to die and
create an unsafe playing surface? How many grubs per square
16
foot does it take to severely damage the grass? It’s the job of the
field manager to work with the team and set those thresholds and
to keep accurate records of pest activity on each playing field.
Adopt Sound Cultural Practices
The next step, once pests have been identified and thresholds
have been set, is to adopt good cultural practices, many of which
will prevent the pest from occurring in the first place. At this
juncture it’s important to note that for cultural practices to be
carried out correctly, they have to be executed by someone with
some agronomic or turf training. Athletic fields are only as good
as the attention they get, and as such it requires someone with
turf knowledge to take care of them. Each of the pests we en-
counter in turf has a “niche”, or an environment that it is adapted
to, so the first defense against pests is to grow grass suited to
the local environment and tolerant to the pests in question. For
example, fields that don’t have irrigation should be seeded with
grasses that can survive in a summer drought, or the field will
be overtaken by weeds like crabgrass. Certain cultivars of grass
are also more tolerant to pests than others. Seed suppliers can
state which cultivars are more tolerant of certain pests or dis-
eases. Sound cultural practices include regular mowing at the
correct height, soil decompaction or aeration techniques, and
supplemental irrigation. Cultural practices can heavily influence
the safety of a field and may even be questioned in a possible
lawsuit if an athlete is injured. In fact just few years ago in Ohio,
a lawsuit was settled out of court when an athlete got injured on
a football field where the mowing height was too high. Fertility is
also key. Many of the turf diseases are heavily influenced by low
or high nitrogen soils – so a sound fertility program can help to
prevent those diseases from occurring.
Monitor Fields
In conjunction with sound cultural practices, field managers
should always be monitoring fields and looking for pests to oc-
cur. Knowing which fields are more susceptible to certain pests
can help to prevent problems from occurring. For example, a field
that has had a white grub problem in 2008 has an 80% chance
of grubs being a problem in 2009. This enables the turf manager
to plan a pesticide application in 2009 to prevent turf damage
and subsequent field safety issues. In addition to daily or weekly
field monitoring, each field should be annually evaluated. There
are several sample checklists on the Internet, including the “Field
Evaluation Document” on Ohio State’s Buckeye Turf website or
the national STMA’s “Field Safety Checklist”.
 • Biological control describes the method of introducing a ben-
eficial organism to eat or destroy the target pest. Examples of
biological control used in the turf industry include using nema-
todes to suppress populations of white grubs or using bacterial
“Cultural practices can populations to suppress disease. The efficacy of biological
products is somewhat hit and miss and they can be expen-
heavily influence the safety sive, so the IPM team should to do some investigation and see
research data before buying a product.
of a field and may even
• Natural control products are gaining popularity and are typi-
be questioned in a possible cally derived from a natural organic source. Examples would
include botanical extracts, such as corn gluten meal, used as
lawsuit if an athlete is an herbicidal control for weeds like crabgrass and dandelions.
Some of these products (like corn gluten meal) may be derived
injured. In fact just few years from genetically modified plants, so the term “natural’ can be a
little vague. The efficacy of natural products is somewhat hit
ago in Ohio, a lawsuit was and miss and they can be expensive, so the IPM team should
to do some investigation and see research data before buy-
settled out of court when an ing a product. Another natural pest control includes “endo-
phytes” found in grasses like tall fescue and perennial rye-

athlete got injured on a foot- grass. Endophytes are microscopic fungi found in the cells of
these grasses. Surface feeding insects, such as bluegrass

ball field where the mowing billbugs, will not feed on endophytic grasses.

height was too high.”
If sound cultural practices are in place and there are still pest,
disease or weed problems that breach the set thresholds, then
the turf manager needs to look at control options.
• Chemical control relies upon the use of pesticides that are ap-
plied at specific times in a pest’s life cycle. An example would
be spraying a selective herbicide in the fall to control broad-
leaf weeds, or spraying an insecticide during the period of time
that the insect is most vulnerable. The IPM approach to apply-
ing chemical pesticides is to spot-treat wherever possible.
Spot treating describes the method of targeting and treating
the problem, rather than blanket-spraying the whole field. Spot
treating is a more responsible way of treating a problem, as
well as a less expensive one.

Select the Best Control Method(s)
There are several pest control options available to the sports turf
manager. It is the aim of the IPM team to determine which is the
most appropriate for the pest in question.
• Mechanical control involves the physical removal of the pest
problem. Wherever possible, if manpower & budget allows, re-
moval of the pest problems by hand or machine is preferable.
Physical removal of the pest includes things like hand-picking
weeds or trapping moles.
In summary, the keys to preventing and controlling pests in turf
can be listed as: record keeping, sound cultural practices, field
monitoring and using the most effective pest control method
available. In many situations a chemical pesticide may turn out to
be the best choice. In particular, insect pests and weeds are two
problems that can create unsafe fields and right now there aren’t
many effective ways of controlling them without pesticides.
continued on page 18

17
 continued from page 17
Lastly, the best possible remedy for athletic fields, and one that
should be written into every IPM program, is field rest. Whether its
6 months or two weeks, each field needs some time to recuperate
and get renovated, so that they can remain safe and playable for
the next users.
References/Resources
OSU’s “Standard Guide for Maintaining Sports Fields and Recre-
ational Turf in Ohio”: http://ohioline.osu.edu/srt-fact/0002.html
OSU’s Pesticide Education Program: http://pested.osu.edu/
OSU’s Field Evaluation Document: http://buckeyeturf.osu.edu/
pdf/FEDReportCard.pdf
STMA Field Safety Checklist: http://www.stma.org/_Files/_Items/
STMA-MR-TAB9-2455/Docs/FieldSafetyMaintenance.pdf
Jarrod’s Law: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/rules/final/f3701-54.aspx
IPM Institute: http://www.ipminstitute.org/
IPM Case Study
The Westerville City School District (WCSD) has been doing its
part to keep schools and the environment safer and healthier.
WCSD in 2003-04 adopted the Monroe Model of IPM, making the
district a model for public school systems in Ohio. This IPM pro-
gram, which was created by Dr. Marc Lame, professor of ento-
mology at Indiana University’s School of Public and Environmental
Affairs, seeks alternative methods to control pests through three
steps: Identification and education, natural and biological con-
trols, and sanitation and mechanical controls. Pesticide use is a
last resort and, if used, the least toxic product is selected and
applied in the safest manner possible. WCSD in 2005 received
the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s “Children’s
Environmental Health Recognition Award.” The district’s IPM ef-
forts again earned national recognition when in June of 2008 the
district earned the “IPM Star Award” through the IPM Institute
of North America and EPA. WCSD claims the distinction of being
the first school district in Ohio and only the thirty-first district in
the nation to receive IPM Star Certification. “Verified IPM per-
formance is measured through a rigorous 37 point inspection of
district policies and procedures for controlling pest populations
as safely as possible,” said Allen Wilson (Figure 3) of Safe Zone
IPM Consultation Services, who also coordinates the IPM program
for WCSD. “A sound IPM program requires a team effort approach
for controlling pest populations.”
The IPM program falls under the Custodial Services Department
in WCSD and is a component of the district’s comprehensive En-
vironmental Management Program. Wilson noted that he relies
upon key staff members for the program’s sustainability and en-
hancement, such as Superintendent Dr. J. Daniel Good, Director
of Business Operations Jeff LeRose, Custodial Services Super-
visor Mike Ward, Facilities Supervisor Dan Wilgus, and Grounds
Team Member Kenny Nichols. “These people are the real movers
and shakers who make our program work,” Wilson said. “We also
work in conjunction with the National IPM Coalition and Ohio State
University Extension Services – Dr. Dave Shetlar and Pam Sher-
ratt from OSU have been invaluable in enhancing the district’s
grounds operations and procedures.”
With an enrollment of 14,294 students, WCSD is the tenth-largest
school district in Ohio. This IPM Star Certified school district has
more than 1,600 employees working in three high schools, four
middle schools, 16 elementary schools, and seven service and
support facilities.
FIGURE 3
Figure 3: Allen Wilson, middle, and the IPM team from Wester-
ville City School District. They are the first school in Ohio and
only the 35th nationwide to be awarded “IPM Star Certifica-
tion”. Kenny Nichols (far right) will be talking about their turf
program at The Ohio Turfgrass Conference & Show this year.

18
HORT
SHORTS
COLUMN
Reasons Why Trees Matter
Jim Chatfield and John Conglose, OSU Extension, Nursery Landscape and Turf Team
On May 15 The Why Trees Matter program of Ohio State Univer-
sity Extension was declared one of the six Signature Programs of
OSUE. This means you will be hearing a lot more in the next years
about how trees affect our natural and social environments – and
how trees matter for Ohio’s green and green industry economies.
With that in mind, let’s take a quick look at a few of the many
ways in which “Why Trees Matter”. Since this is a turf-oriented
publication, we are tempted to start with something of a negative
– how Jim Chatfield’s late father-in-law Clayton Hoskins viewed
trees, for example. Clayton was an esteemed corporate lawyer
– and an avid golfer, golf writer, advisor to three PGA tour players,
and ... well, you get the picture, his truest passion was out on the
emerald sward. To Clayton, trees matter because ... no, we will
save that for last.
1. How Trees Matter
One of the Why Trees Matter Signature Program of OSU Extension
projects is OSTEP = Ohio Street Tree Evaluation Program that is
evaluating 130 community tree plots over the years to determine
the economic benefits of the environmental and social services
of different tree selections. Using validated USDA Forest Service
i-Tree models, in one Greene County project (Xenia) at one site,
just the 673 maples at the site provided over $90,000 in annual
environmental benefits (energy savings, stormwater remediation,
air quality improvement, carbon sequestration).
Key members of the Why Trees Matter Team in Xenia included
Barb Mills, Thais Reiff and others in the OSUE Greene County of-
fice in Xenia and Professor T. Davis Sydnor of the OSU School
of Natural Resources. They collected simple data (tree species
and dbh = diameter at breast height) and used the public i-Tree
software, developed by USDA, Ohio’s own Davey Tree Co., the
National Arbor Day Foundation and the Society of Municipal Ar-
borists. For just the 673 maples in one 1804 street tree area the
data analysis looks like this:
Number of maples: 673 of 1804 total trees (37.3%)
Importance value of maples: 50.9
(Importance value is based on a number of factors, including leaf
area and canopy cover.)
Annual stormwater benefits
$51.08 per tree; total for maples = $34,376.84
Annual energy benefits
$44.89 per tree; total for maples = $30,210.97
Stored carbon dioxide benefits
$37.20 per tree; total for maples = $25,035.60
Air quality benefits
$8.25 per tree; total for maples = $5,552.25
So, for just those 673 maples, 37.3% of the street trees in one
area of Xenia, there was over $90,000 in annual benefits due to
the above environmental service variables.
continued on page 20
19
 continued from page 19
2. Which Trees Matter
Our OSTEP program is looking at trees and the services they
provide communities over time. In one comparative trial in Cuy-
ahoga County (Brooklyn) the 40 year effect of planting Sunburst
honeylocusts vs. Lavalle hawthorn resulted in $359.38 in annual
services (environmental benefits plus aesthetics) per tree vs.
$58.32 per tree. The science of plant selection is by no means
simple (ashes – who knew?) but is absolutely critical to all forms
of horticulture: in urban forests, on golf courses, and in mixed
landscapes of turfgrass and trees. Alex Cusnow was right when
he said: “The lawn is the canvas upon which the rest of the land-
scape is painted.” Yet, even the most dedicated of graminarians
realizes that rest of the landscape filling out that canvas matters
too – and that matching the best trees for the site is key.
3. Where Trees Matter
There is a growing public and political awareness of the econom-
ic, environmental and social benefits of community forests. One
example of this is that Mayor Bloomberg of New York City recently
increased the New York City Parks and Recreation community tree
program funding from $22 million per year to $62 million per
year on the basis of the i-Tree analysis of the $122 million of an-
nual environmental services provided by New York City’s nearly
600,000 street trees. The New York City Trees Count program in
1995 was initiated to increase public awareness of trees and the
importance of investing in this resource. There were over 1500
volunteers and professional horticulturists involved in the proj-
ect, but one thing that did not happen at first was an increase in
investment in New York City’s urban forest. The coupling of the
i-Tree analysis with its verified estimates of the environmental
services that trees provide made all the difference with the re-
peat of the Trees Count program in 2005. This time it was much
clearer why trees matter, and funding followed.
4. Trees Matter in Many Different Ways
Just a few of those listed at the arborday.org website include:
“If you plant a tree today on the west side of your home, in 5 years
your energy bills should be 3% less. In 15 years the savings will
be nearly 12%.”
– Dr. E. Greg McPherson, Center for Urban Forest Research
20
“There are about 60 to 200 million spaces along our city streets
where trees could be planted. This translates to the potential to
absorb 33 million more tons of CO2 every year, and saving $4
billion in energy costs.”
– National Wildlife Federation
“Trees can be a stimulus to economic development, attracting
new business and tourism. Commercial retail areas are more at-
tractive to shoppers, apartments rent more quickly, tenants stay
longer, and space in a wooded setting is more valuable to sell or
rent.”
– The Arbor Day Foundation
“Healthy, mature trees add an average of 10 percent to a prop-
erty’s value.”
– USDA Forest Service
“In laboratory research, visual exposure to settings with trees has
produced significant recovery from stress within five minutes, as
indicated by changes in blood pressure and muscle tension.”
– Dr. Roger S. Ulrich Texas A&M University
5. Trees Provide Habitat
From the International Society of Arboriculture:
“Trees provide benefits to wildlife. Whether we live in the city or a
rural area, we share our living space with wildlife. The presence
of wildlife in our cities is a highly valued thing. Can you imagine
walking through a park or downtown and not seeing any birds?
Bird watching is one of the most common outdoor activities in
the United States. Plants growing on the land increase the lands
carrying capacity or ability of that land to provide for the needs
of wildlife. Wildlife as with most other living creatures requires
food, water, and shelter to survive. Trees provide a food source
for many animals. Squirrels and other mammals eat fruits and
nuts produced by trees. Insects that feed on the foliage of trees
eventually end up as food for other creatures like birds, bats and
frogs. Many animals depend on trees for habitat. Shelter from
trees in our urban neighborhoods gives wildlife protection from
predators. Animals also benefit from the shelter they receive from
trees during extreme weather. The tree provides suitable habitat
for animals and birds to survive in the urban environment.”
We could go on and on. Ken Cochran of the Secrest Arboretum
OSU’s Agriculture Research and Development Center reminded
us that Trees Taste Good, as he wolfed down handfuls of service- continued from page 11
berry fruits this spring. My daughter Sara reminded me that Trees
Fuel our Fantasies: after all Ents may have saved Tolkien’s Middle
Earth and in C.S. Lewis’s Prince Caspian, trees rose up at a pivotal Equipment Donors
moment and saved Narnia! What more can we say? GreensGroomer Worldwide
Hunter Industries
Well, on an almost final note, lets finish with Clayton Hoskins. Jacobsen/Baker Vehicle
Golfer that he was, Clayton viewed trees in one way that occa- John Deere/Xenia Power Equipment
sionally really did end in a good day ruined, trees impeding his Scag/Buckeye Power Sales
almost perfect shot toward birdiedom. That got me (Chatfield) Sisis
The Toro Company/Century Equipment
thinking. One regret that I have always had is that I was never
Turfco Direct
able to convince him to write a golf article that would be great:
Famous Trees of Golf. Like the tree that, once removed after
Services and Short Term Equipment Loans
long years of obstruction, allowed tour professionals to short-cut
Bobcat Enterprises
their approach shots to the green, much to the horror of course
Columbus Crew
architects worldwide. So, Turf News readers, here is your chal-
Double Eagle Country Club
lenge. Send us your best anecdotes or references about how
Dryject Heartland
trees affected golf or trees that are famous in golf lore. We will
OSU Athletics
select the best five, you will receive a special prize, and we will
OSU Golf Courses
detail them in a future article.
OSU Intramural Sports
Scioto Country Club
Contact Jim (chatfield.1@osu.edu) or John (conglose.1@osu.edu) Tartan Fields Country Club
with your “trees of golf” stories, and for that matter, about any
and all tree matters. Also check out the treesmatter.osu.edu web-
site and join us at the third annual Why Trees Matter Forum at
the OARDC in Wooster on October 15. This year we will feature
Kathy Wolf of the University of Washington on the social benefits
of trees, Greg Ina of Davey Tree on making the most of economic/
environmental tree benefit analyses and many other Why Trees
Matter projects.

The Ohio State University Turfgrass Team wants to thank the

turfgrass and green industry for all your generous support.
The research program at OSU could not operate at full capac-
ity without the industry support.

21
 PROTECT EMPLOYEES DURING THE SUMMER HEAT

During the summer months, companies should protect employees
who work outside in the heat and high humidity. Employees not
taking the proper precautions when working outside can experience
heat illnesses. The most severe heat-induced illnesses are heat
exhaustion and heat stroke. If heat exhaustion is not treated, it can
lead to heat stroke and possibly death.
• Loosen and remove any heavy clothing;
• Have the person drink water;
• Try to cool the person by fanning them. Cool the skin with a spray
mist of water or a wet cloth; and

To protect employees working in the heat, the following steps • If the person does not feel better in a few minutes call for
should be taken: emergency help.

• Educate employees about the signs and symptoms of heat Factors such as certain medications, having a previous heat-
exhaustion and heat stroke; induced illness or wearing personal protective equipment such as a
• Perform the most physically-taxing part of the work during the respirator or protective suit can increase an employee’s chance of
coolest part of the day; experiencing a heat-related illness. Employees should check with
their doctor or pharmacist to identify if any of the medications they
• Slowly build up tolerance to the heat and the workload. This are taking affect a person’s ability to work in the heat.
usually takes 10 to 20 days;
For more information about heat exhaustion, visit the Occupational
• Work in pairs; Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) website, www.osha.gov.

• Drink plenty of water, at least one small cup every 15 to 20

minutes;

• Wear light, loose-fitting, breathable clothing, such as cotton;

• Take frequent breaks in cool, shaded areas that allow the body to
cool down; and

• Avoid eating large meals and drinking alcohol and caffeine before
working in the heat.

Some of the symptoms of heat exhaustion are: headaches, diz-

ziness, weakness, mood changes, feeling sick to your stomach,
vomiting, fainting and pale, clammy skin. If a person is exhibiting
these symptoms, these steps should be taken:

• Move the person to a cool, shaded area to rest and do not leave
the person alone;

22
NEW
GROWTH &
TECHNOLOGY
Acelepryn:
A New Insecticide Category for Turf Pest Control
Dr. Dave Shetlar, OSU, Dept. of Entomology
Over the last four years, we have been looking at an insecticide
that I have hinted at during my OTF Conference Seminars. It was
often listed as E2Y45 or new DuPont Insecticide. When I first
looked at this molecule, it was so new that its chemical category
hadn’t even been created! However, when I looked at the first
MSDS sheet, it appeared to be very low in toxicity and I figured it
might be one of the lower toxicity neonicotinoids, like clothiani-
din (Arena). However, we soon found that this mystery insecticide
seemed to have NO curative ability, but was extremely effective
as a preventive application for grub control. We got virtually 100%
control of white grubs with April applications made to plots but
sampled in the following October!
After a few name changes, E2Y45 (rynaxypyr) was eventually giv-
en the common chemical name of chlorantraniliprole and it was
eventually placed in the new chemical insecticide category of
anthranilic diamides. With these tongue-twister names, be thank-
ful that DuPont settled on Acelepryn (a-cell-e-prin). This is the
trade name for the product in the turf and ornamentals market.
DuPont is using the trade names of Altacor and Coragen for the
agricultural versions of this insecticide. The agricultural products
are registered for use on a wide variety of vegetables and fruits.
Of major interest is that the bottom of the Acelepryn label states,
NO SIGNAL WORD is required. That’s right, no Warning and no
Caution on the label! This is because the active ingredient has
an oral LD50 > 5000 mg/Kg which places it in Category IV of EPA
with a definition of – practically non-toxic. Pesticides occasionally
have this low toxicity category but they can still be pretty toxic to
birds, fish and honey bees. Acelepryn has extremely low toxicity
against birds and fish, and is also practically non-toxic to honey
bees!
Because of this profile, Acelepryn was placed on the fast track
through EPA and it got its Federal and Ohio registrations in May of
this year. The turf insect section has white grubs, billbugs, annual
bluegrass weevil, European crane fly, and several turf caterpillars
listed as well as suppression of chinch bugs. The ornamentals
section is pretty limited with leaf-feeding caterpillars, lace bugs
and birch leafminer. We have personally evaluated Acelepryn
for control of white grubs (mainly Japanese beetle and northern
masked chafers), bluegrass billbug, black cutworm and sod web-
worms as well as hairy chinch bugs. It has been a top performer
in all these studies. The only thing that it hasn’t had any affect on
has been the turfgrass ant, but if this molecule is safe against,
honey bees, ant control would not be expected.
White Grub Control Studies
We have applied Acelepryn in the first week of April through Au-
gust. We have had excellent, nearly 100% control when this prod-
uct was applied in April, May, June, July and into the middle of
August. However, once the grubs have reached mature second
instars, efficacy drops off rapidly and there is virtually no control
once the grubs reach the third instars (in September).
continued on page 24
23
 continued from page 23

We have had consistent control of white grubs when used at the

0.2 to 0.3 pounds AI/Acre in the April and May windows and simi-
lar control at the 0.1 to 0.2 pounds AI/Acre rates in June and July.
Table 1 contains data from our April and May, 2008 application
timing study.

Billbug Control Studies

Acelepryn is excellent as a grub control insecticide, but only
when used as a preventive.
Our initial tests for billbug control have been with applications
made in early to mid-May (billbug egg lay and early instar lar-
vae), but we are testing it this year using April applications. The
May applications have yielded excellent control, so applications
against this insect will also protect the turf from any white grub
populations that could arrive in July and early August. See Table 2
for data from our 2006 billbug control study.

Caterpillar Control Studies

Acelepryn is a very good billbug control insecticide when
applied in May.
Our first trial against black turfgrass ataenius grubs was set up at
our OSU/OTF Turfgrass Research Facility, but the ataenius grubs
were a no-show! However, when we strung up the plots, I saw
lots of black cutworm and sod webworm damage in the untreated
checks but none in the Acelepryn-treated plots! This was over
30 days after the application. Last year, we deliberately applied
Acelepryn for control of cutworms and sod webworms and we got
over 60 days of residual action. Unfortunately, we had to call off
the study because it was getting too late in the season to recover
sod webworms.
Caterpillar control by Acelepryn is probably one of the most im-
portant distinguishing features that separates this product from
the neonicotinoids. As you have all found out, imidacloprid (Merit)
and thiamethoxam (Meridian) have poor caterpillar control abili-
ties and clothianidin (Arena) gives moderate control. Table 3 con-
tains data from our 2007 field study using Acelepryn and com-
parative products.

Mode of Action
Acelepryn doesn’t affect the insect nervous system as do most
of our other insecticides! It activates the ryanodine receptors of
insect muscles which causes the muscle fibers to leak out cal-
cium ions that are essential for the muscles to be able to contract.
Now, I know this sounds pretty dangerous, but insect muscle is
Sod webworm larva in turf thatch.
different from most other animals. Insect muscles use many more

24
of these ryanodine receptors, so other animals are not adversely affected. Basically, it causes insects to die from cramps! However, it is
becoming evident that this is most dangerous to very young insects that have to feed constantly in order to survive.

Acelepryn also has systemic properties, but having relatively low water solubility, it appears to be relatively slow to be taken up by orna-
mental trees and shrubs, often not reaching maximum levels until 30 to 60 days after soil drenching. Turfgrass uptake is much quicker. It’s
residual in the soil-thatch interface appears to be 90 days or more.

Conclusions
Acelepryn represents the first of a new category of powerful insect control chemicals. This product appears to work best when applied as
a preventive treatment and it has excellent activity against beetles (grubs and weevils), caterpillars (cutworms and sod webworms), crane
fly larvae (flies), and good control of bugs (chinch bugs and lace bugs). With off-shore imidacloprid-based products getting below $30 per
acre to use, Acelepryn will likely appear to be a high-priced product for grub and billbug control. However, because of its unique low toxic-
ity profile (to birds, fish and mammals as well as to honey bees), it will be a good choice in those situations where toxic chemicals are of
concern. The other interesting feature of Acelepryn is its ability to control turf-infesting caterpillars, something the neonicotinoids generally
do poorly against.

TABLE 1: Evaluation of various insecticides applied in April and May for control of white grub larvae on golf course rough style
turf – Thorn Apple Golf Club, Galloway, Ohio, 2007.

# per one 12x24 in/plotb

Treatment/a Rate Ave/c

Formulation lbAI/A Date Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 ft2 % Control

Acelepryn 0.157 April 0 0 0 6 0.75 85.4 b

1.67SC

Acelepryn 0.209 April 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

1.67SC

Merit 0.30 April 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

75WP

Meridian 0.26 April 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

25WG

Arena 0.25 April 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

50WG

Acelepryn 0.157 May 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

1.67SC

Acelepryn 0.209 May 2 0 0 0 0.25 95.1 b

1.67SC

Merit 0.30 May 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

75WP

Check --- 8 12 9 13 5.13 --- a

a Treatments applied 10 April or 8 May to 8x8 foot plots, replicated 4x.

b Data taken on 2 Oct from one 12x24 inch sample from the center of each plot.
c Totals per plot analyzed by ANOVA (P<0.001).
% Controls followed by the same letter are not significantly different using LSD @ 0.05 = 2.94 (= 0.74 grubs per ft2).

25
 TABLE 2: Bluegrass billbug larvae + pupae + teneral adults recovered at 57 DAT (preventive treatments) from treated Kentucky
bluegrass plots, OSU-OTF Turfgrass Research and Education Center, Columbus, OH, 2006.

# per four samples/plotb

Treatment/a Rate Ave/c

Formulation lbAI/A Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 ft2 % Control

Acelepryn 1.67SC 0.104 0-0-0 0-0-0 2-0-0 1-0-0 2.5 81.3 b

Acelepryn 1.67SC 0.157 0-0-0 0-0-0 1-0-0 1-0-0 1.7 87.5 b

Acelepryn 1.67SC 0.209 0-0-0 1-0-0 0-0-0 0-0-0 0.8 93.8 b

Acelepryn 1.67SC 0.260 0-0-0 0-0-0 1-0-0 0-0-0 0.8 93.8 b

Talstar 0.67SC 0.10 0-0-0 1-0-0 2-0-0 0-2-0 4.2 68.8 b

Merit 75WP 0.30 1-0-0 0-0-0 1-0-0 3-0-0 4.2 68.8 b

Arena 50WDG 0.30 0-0-0 1-0-0 0-0-0 0-0-0 0.8 93.8 b

Check --- 3-0-0 2-0-0 6-0-0 5-0-0 13.5 --- a

a Treatments applied 15 May to 5x5 foot plots, replicated 4x.

b Data taken on 11 July (57 DAT) from three 4.25 inch biased cores taken from each plot.
c Totals per plot analyzed by ANOVA (P<0.001).
% Controls followed by the same letter are not significantly different using LSD @ 0.05 = 1.258 average billbugs per plot.

TABLE 3: Sod webworm larvae recovered at 56 DAT from treated bentgrass plots, OSU-OTF Turfgrass Facility, Columbus, OH,
2007.

# per 1.0 yd2/plotb

Treatment/a Rate Ave/c

Formulation lbAI/A Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 yd2 % Control

Acelepryn 1.67SC 0.104 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

Acelepryn 1.67SC 0.209 0 0 0 0 0.00 100.0 b

Merit 75WDG 0.30 12 11 12 12 11.75 68.5 b

Arena 50WDG 0.30 4 29 9 9 12.75 65.8 b

Meridian 25WDG 0.26 20 13 12 12 14.25 61.7 b

Check --- 29 39 69 12 37.25 --- a

a Treatments applied 22 June to 5x12 foot plots, replicated 4x.

b Data taken on 17 Aug (56 DAT) from 1.0 yd2 flush with soapy water.
c Totals per plot analyzed by ANOVA (P=0.002). Control followed by the same letter are not significantly different using LSD @ 0.05 = 16.49.

26
NEW
GROWTH &
TECHNOLOGY
Sampling a Turfgrass System
with the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test
Dr. David Gardner, OSU, Dept. of Horticulture & Crop Science,
Brian Horgan, University of Minnesota and Brandon Horvath, Virginia Tech
Turfgrass fertilization continues to be scrutinized and regulated
due to environmental concerns and public perception. Phospho-
rus and potassium fertilizer recommendations are usually based
on the results of a soil test. However, neither plant tissue nor soil
testing is routinely used to evaluate nitrogen (N) fertility needs
due to the complexity of the N in the soil (Figure 1). Soil nitrate
N is both spatially and temporally variable because of mineral-
ization, immobilization, nitrification, leaching, denitrification and
plant uptake. These processes are further influenced by soil wa-
ter-content, soil temperature and plant growth. The current prac-
tice when growing turfgrass is to apply N fertilizer based either
on a predetermined schedule, regardless of actual need, or on a
visual assessment of turfgrass quality.
There is concern that turfgrass fertilization contributes to ground-
water pollution. The majority of research has indicated that turf-
grass fertilization with N poses little risk to the environment.
Most of this research has been conducted on newly established
turfgrass plots. However, it was recently reported that 15N labeled
urea was detected in the leachate from a 10 year old Kentucky
bluegrass turf. This may suggest that on older turf surfaces, min-
eralization of organic N fractions may exceed immobilization of
fertilizer N. Therefore, turfgrass management practices that could
reduce fertilizer inputs without sacrificing turfgrass quality would
not only demonstrate environmental stewardship but reduce
maintenance expenditures. To reduce nitrogen inputs, turfgrass
managers need a more stable test that is not as susceptible to
spatial and temporal variability.
A test was developed by Richard Mulvaney of the University of
Illinois, called the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test (ISNT), which identi-
fies sites in production agriculture that are non-responsive to N
fertilizer. The test measures amino sugar N fractions in the soil
organic N pool which supplies the plant with N through mineral-
ization. Amino sugar N is relatively stable compared to NO3- and
NH4+, thus making it a better predictor of season-long N fertility
requirements. Golf turf managers could use this information to
predict soil N availability to the plant. The potential advantages
of this test for golf turf management are that soil nitrogen avail-
ability could be predicted and this information could be used to
adjust fertilizer rates. Timing of soil sampling may be less impor-
tant because amino sugar N fraction does not fluctuate as much
as other forms of soil nitrogen.
However, the variability of amino sugar nitrogen over space and
depth in a managed turfgrass system is not currently known. In
order for the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test to be a useful, one must be
able to sample such that the spatial variability does not interfere
with the interpretation of the test result.
continued on page 28
27
 continued from page 27
Therefore our objective was to determine the spatial variation of
soil amino sugar nitrogen in managed turfgrass systems in order
to determine sampling recommendations.
Materials and Methods
In order to determine the spatial variation of amino nitrogen in the
soil, soil samples were collected from two fairways on each of two
golf courses in Minnesota and analyzed for amino sugar nitrogen
concentration. Heritage Links Golf Course is located in Lakeville,
MN and is a more recently established course (approximately 10
years old). Midland Hills Country Club is located in Roseville, MN
and is about 85 years old. Fairways at both courses were mowed
at 1.2 cm and maintained for golf play. Annually, nitrogen fertilizer
inputs ranged from 125 to 134 kg N ha-1 for Midland Hills C.C.
and 160 to 196 kg N ha-1 for Heritage Links G.C. Soil cores were
collected on 30 foot centers to a depth of 18 inches from two
fairways on each golf course using a 1.5 inch diameter hydraulic
probe mounted on a utility vehicle. The leaf tissue and thatch
Figure 1: The complexity of the nitrogen cycle in turfgrass and other crops has hindered efforts to develop a reliable soil test for
nitrogen.
28
were removed and then each core was separated into three sec-
tions by depth: 0-6 inches, 6-12 inches, and 12-18 inches. Each
core section was analyzed using the methods of Kahn et al (Figure
2). In order to determine the uniformity of amino sugar nitrogen
distribution on the fairways, general geostatistical methods were
used and maps were generated using the interpolation technique,
ordinary kriging. To test for a spatial correlation in amino sugar N
levels between depths for a given fairway, the data were analyzed
using the mixed models (MIXED) procedure of the SAS software
package.
Spatial Variability of Amino Sugar Nitrogen in Fairways
Kriged maps of the four sampled fairways in Minnesota showed
that the two fairways from Heritage Links displayed a greater de-
gree of spatial heterogeneity than the two fairways from Midland
Hills at all sampling depths (Figure 3). We also found no correla-
tion between soil depths meaning that the concentration of amino
sugar N did not decrease uniformly as depth increased (Figure 4).
Since certain forms of N can move through the soil profile, our
goal in analyzing the different depth fractions was to determine
if there had been any differential movement of N to a deeper soil
depth prior to being converted to organic N. Since amino sugar
N did not decrease uniformly with increasing soil depth, this may
make interpretation of the test results more difficult in certain
applications. However, for routine use of the test, we believe that
standard practices for gathering soil cores for analysis of other
nutrients will be acceptable when analyzing for amino sugar N.
But, care will be needed to develop a specific and uniform guide-
line as to the depth of core to take when analyzing for amino
sugar nitrogen. To further develop site-specific N fertilizer ap-
plications, our data suggests bulking soil from 4 or 5 locations A
within a 100 m section of each fairway.

The fairways at Midland Hills showed consistently high concen-

trations of amino sugar N in the samples, compared to previously
published values in agriculture and our observations at other turf-
grass sites. In contrast, the fairways at Heritage Links were con-
siderably more variable over space, and displayed a large range
of amino sugar N concentrations (Figure 3).

Heritage Links is a relatively young site whereby a considerable

amount of soil movement during golf course construction may be
B
reason for the greater degree of spatial heterogeneity. Based on
work by Porter et al., immobilization of applied fertilizer N occurs
for a defined period following turfgrass establishment. The age
of Heritage Links falls into this period described by Porter et al.
and the amino sugar N concentrations may not have reached a
point where mineralization will yield added inorganic N for plant
uptake. The higher overall amino sugar N values observed at Mid-
land Hills, compared to Heritage Links, may be due to the older
age of the turfgrass stand on the Midland Hills fairways, and the
routine fertility practices during Midland Hills’ history. The rela-
tively high concentration of amino sugar N in the samples from
Midland Hills indicates a significant amount of potentially miner- C
alizable N present in these soils. Future research will determine
the effect of amino sugar N concentrations and added N fertilizer Figure 2: (A) Diffusion unit used to measure soil amino nitro-
on turfgrass responsiveness. gen content using the methods of Kahn et al. One g of soil or
thatch is added to the mason jar with 10 mL of 2 N sodium
In conclusion, although the amino sugar N concentrations mea- hydroxide. (B) A petri dish suspended from the jar lid con-
tains 5 mL of boric acid (4% w/v). The sealed unit is placed
sured on the four sampled fairways varied, the spatial correlation
on a hot plate at 50° C for 5 hours. (C) After heating, the
present would allow for traditional soil sampling techniques to petri dish is removed, 5 mL of distilled water is added, then
the solution is titrated with 0.02 N H2SO4. Amino N content is
calculated as S x T = amino N PPM, where S is the volume of
continued on page 30 H2SO4 and T is the titer (280 µg mL-1 for 0.02 N H2SO4).

29
 A

Figure 3: Spatial variability of amino sugar nitrogen on fairways of two Minnesota Golf Courses. More spatial variability and lower
overall values were measured on a golf course fairway at Heritage Links (A), which is a newer golf course. Midland Hills (B) is an
older course with a more uniform distribution and overall higher levels of amino sugar nitrogen.

continued from page 29

0-6 in. 6-12 in.
Soil Soil
Horizon Horizon
be used to assess the soil amino sugar N concentration within
an area such as a golf course fairway. There was also enough
variability within an area that the sampling technique used would
permit the identification of areas with higher and lower amino
sugar N values on a golf course fairway and allow for the poten-
tial development of site-specific application of nitrogen fertility.
To further develop site-specific N fertilizer applications, our data
suggests bulking soil from 4 or 5 locations within a 100 m section
of each fairway. With the exception of Heritage Links fairway 13,
the rest of the fairways sampled from both golf courses showed
that amino sugar N concentrations were spatially correlated over
distances of 100 m or less. Our data shows that if new samples
were taken from these fairways, and the samples were taken
from locations separated by more than 100 m, then the samples Figure 4: Comparison of amino sugar nitrogen values from
the upper 6 inches of soil and the 6-12 inch soil horizon on
would be considered independent. More research is required to
Heritage links fairway #13. The amount of amino sugar nitro-
assess if this spatial structure is similar across golf courses of
gen in the top 6 inches of soil was not related to the amount
varying ages. of amino nitrogen found at lower sampling depths.

30
 Comprehensive disease control starts with the essentials.

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Syngenta. This group of proven combination fungicides features an array of active ingredients and
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using these products. Concert®, Daconil ULTREX®, Headway®, Instrata®, SuperWeatherStik®, The Turf Essentials™, and the Syngenta logo are trademarks
of a Syngenta Group Company.
 1100-H Brandywine Blvd
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Fax: (740) 452-2552
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2008 OTF Officers OSU Turfgrass

President
Todd Voss, Double Eagle Club
Vice President
Dan Walter, City of Blue Ash Golf Course
Treasurer
Joe Enciso, Advanced Sensor Technology
Immediate Past President
Mark Jordan, Westfield Group Country Club
Director of Education
Dr. John R. Street, The Ohio State University
Executive Director
Kevin Thompson, OTF/Offinger Management Co.
Science Team
HORTICULTURE AND CROP SCIENCE
Dr. John Street, Dr. Karl Danneberger,
Dr. David Gardner, Dr. Ray Miller, Pamela Sherratt,
Deborah Holdren, Matt Williams
ENTOMOLOGY
Dr. Dave Shetlar, Dr. Parwinder Grewal,
JoAnne Kick-Raack, Kevin Power, Dan Digman
PLANT PATHOLOGY
Dr. Michael Boehm
Joseph Rimelspach
Todd Hicks
SCHOOL OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Dr. Ed McCoy

AGRICULTURAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE (ATI)

Dr. Daniel Voltz
David Willoughby
2008 OTF Board of Trustees INTRAMURAL SPORTS
Term Expires 2009 John Mott
Mark Grunkemeyer, Buckeye Ecocare
Kim Kellogg, Grasshopper Property Maintenance ATHLETICS
Don Lawrence, Red Hawk Run Golf Course Dennis Bowsher
Brian Gimbel
Term Expires 2010
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