Review of Related Studies and Literature

This unit contains several literatures, ideas and previous studies that have relevance on the

present study. These different resource materials were reviewed, sought and compared to the

present study to seek improvement on the existing inspection layout.

Articles

A literature review on global occupational safety and health practice & accidents severity

This literature review focuses on researches undertaken since 1980s onwards. The purpose

of the study is to identify existing gaps on workplace safety and health management and propose

future research areas. The review adds value to existing electronic database through integration

of researches' results. To identify existing gaps, a systematic literature review approach has been

used. The reviews were undertaken through keywords and safety related topics. In the literature,

various characteristics of workplace safety and health problems were found emanating from the

lack of operational activities of the employees, internal working environment and external

environment those impose hazards on employee temporarily, permanently and on working

environments. The integration of multidisciplinary approaches and collaborative model of hub

and peripheral industries to protect workplace safety hazards to develop multilevel model has

been undermined in many researches. Jilcha & Kitaw (2016) International Journal for Quality

Research retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net

Safety Science

Safety Science, like its predecessor, the Journal of Occupational Accidents, serves as an

international medium for research in the science and technology of human safety. It extends from

safety of people at work to other spheres, such as transport, leisure and home, as well as every

other field of man's hazardous activities. Safety Science is multidisciplinary. Its contributors and

its audience range from psychologists to chemical engineers. The journal covers the physics and

engineering of safety; its social, policy and organisational aspects; the management of risks; the

effectiveness of control techniques for safety; standardization, legislation, inspection, insurance,

costing aspects and the like.Safety Science will enable academic researchers, engineers and

decision makers in companies, government agencies and international bodies, to augment their

information level on the latest trends in the field, from policy makers and management scientists

to transport engineers. Elsevier (2000) Safety Science

Books

Increase confidence with documented health & safety management

Safeguarding and maintaining health & safety in the workplace is an important prerequisite

for motivated and productive working processes, both for employers and employees. The new

ISO 45001 standard for occupational health & safety management will supersede OHSAS

18001, the previous standard for occupational health & safety, and will minimize the risk of

damage to health and accidents in the workplace.

By following a systematic standard for your occupational health & safety protection

according to ISO 45001, sources of errors and risks can be identified and eliminated or
minimized. By means of certification of your occupational protection management you will thus

significantly reduce the number of occupational accidents, regardless of your industry or the size

of your company, and you will simultaneously fulfil legal and official requirements. You will

therefore not only increase the confidence of your employees, you will also reinforce your

positive reputation with clients, business partners and the authorities. This creates a valuable

competitive advantage for you. TÜV Rheinland (2019) Occupational health & safety ISO 45001

retrieved from: https://www.tuv.com

Safety Professionals as culture change agent

This chapter promotes the idea that the overarching role of a safety professional is that of a

culture change agent. The case will be made that every proposal made by a safety professional

improvement in an occupational safety management system pertains to a deficiency in a system

or process. And the deficiency can be corrected only if there is a modification in an

organization’s culture – a modification in a way things get done, a modification in the system of

expected performance. Thus, the primary role of a safety professional is that of a culture change

agent. Manuele (2006) Advanced Safety Management: Focusing on Z10 and Serious Injury

Prevention retrieved from: https://books.google.com.ph

Theses

There is a rich literature on the role that precarious work situations (including subcontracting and

temporary labour) play in health disparities, but research on occupational health outcomes and

work arrangements in horticulture is limited, and few studies in the wider literature have
explored whether these arrangements affect hazardous substance exposures. This study assists in

filling this gap by describing how work arrangements, particularly subcontracting and temporary

employment, are associated with factors related to pesticide exposure and to worker perceptions

of pesticide exposure in two countries with similar regulatory regimes: Australia and the United

Kingdom. Data are drawn from 67 semi-structured interviews with horticultural fieldworkers,

employers, labour providers, and industry, union and government representatives. The regulatory

frameworks were compared and real or perceived impacts of regulations on occupational health

and safety (OHS) outcomes were examined. Bambford A. (2015) The influence of work

arrangements on occupational health and safety: a study of Australian and United Kingdom

horticulture retrieved from: http://dissertation.com (Accession no. 1059392)

Safety impacts on the lives of every person, every day, at home, travelling to work, at work

and in recreation. Unfortunately, at times when safety breaks down people get injured and

sometimes are killed. Work is an all too common place where these break downs occur. Every

year in Australia, hundreds of people die at work and many more are permanently disabled; their

lives and the lives of those around them will never be the same again. There have been many

approaches by state and federal governments, unions and organisations to try and reduce this

avoidable financial and moral cost to both society and workers alike. There are acts and

regulations in every state with strict rules and harsh penalties for non-compliance. There are

thousands of pages of associated codes of practice, guidelines and standards that support these

legal requirements. Unions have worked hard for many years to push occupational health and

safety through governments and organisations. Organisations have implemented many

procedures, policies and standards themselves recognising the huge financial and legal exposure

of poor safety. There has been many days of safety training both internally and externally
provided to thousands of employees, which continues every day. Safety leadership has been

driven through many large organisations to ensure management and employees alike understand

the importance and reason for safety. Verhagen C. (2014) Achieving best practice in OHS:

improving Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) by the application of knowledge management

principles (Accession no. 1059944)

Newspaper

Safety management system in automotive and energy industries

The findings provide a description of the process of how an integrated safety management

system is implemented and reports results such as the following. The two leading companies

apparently share many common practices, elements, and success factors. They include safety

culture (empowerment, behaviour, communication, etc.), system and structure (processes,

instruction, documentations, records, etc.), and use of external influences (e.g. safety audits by

international partners and customers) to sustain the safety management system.

This study should inform executives and managers who are concerned with how to prepare

an organization when attempting to adapt to Occupational Health and Safety Management

Systems 18000 and subsequently to ISO 26000. Building a strong safety culture should be

considered as the foundation, while relying on regulatory compliance and enforcement alone is

not adequate. Phusavat, Vongvitayapirom, Kess & Lin, (2017) "Safety management system in

automotive and energy industries", International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management,

Vol. 34 Issue: 4, pp.569-580, https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-08-2012-0116

A risk management model to assess safety and reliability risks

Evaluating project proposals with respect to safety and reliability objectives is extremely

complex. Several tangible as well as intangible factors need to be considered. Also, most often

these factors are difficult to measure objectively because of their nature and the lack of factual

data and information. In addition, they involve uncertainties and risk. The project managers need

to enumerate systematically all potential risk factors affecting the safety and reliability objectives

of the project, determine the consequences and the impact of their severity, assess the likelihood

of the occurrence of these consequences, and select the best course of action to contain and

control risks in order to meet the specified project objectives. Develops such a framework by

integrating system hazard analysis with the core elements of the risk management process (RMP)

to assess potential risks and to evaluate response actions to control and manage the identified

risks to satisfy the predetermined safety and reliability objectives. V.M. Rao Tummala, Y.H.

Leung, (1996) "A risk management model to assess safety and reliability risks", International

Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, Vol. 13 Issue: 8, pp.53-62,

https://doi.org/10.1108/02656719610128493