GENERAL PERVAZ MUSHARRAF

PAKISTAN STUDIES
PNEC, NUST KARACHI, PAKISTAN

PRESENTED TO: DR HOOSH MUHAMMAD

PRESENTED BY : AQEEL AHMAD

ROLL NO. : ME-1124

 GENERAL PERVAZ MUSHARRAF
Introduction:

This document lists some of the achievements of the former President of Pakistan, General
(Retd.) Pervez Musharraf. It is, probably the longest single statement of feats of developments,
repairs and enhancements in one of the “most difficult countries to govern”.

The Situation on 12th October 1999, when Mr. Musharraf took over was that
Pakistan faced:
o Economic bankruptcy.
o International isolation.
o The Country was referred to as a „failed state‟.
o Political instability and chequered political history of previous governments.
Opposition never allowed an elected government to complete term and derailed
the process / institutions

Achievments Summary:
o Empowerment of people through devolution at grass roots level.
o Empowerment of Women at all tiers of government / legislature.
o Legislation against honour killings. Women Protection Bill.
o Empowerment of minorities through joint electorate as well as reserved seats.
o Empowerment of younger generation by reducing voter age from 21 to 18 years.
o Empowerment of media by allowing total freedom to press and print media and
flow of information.
o Empowerment of economy through wide ranging economic reforms.

Economic Achievements

General:

During his years in power, Pakistan pursued consistent and favourable policies of
liberalization, deregulation and privatization.
Economic recovery, institutional reforms and good governance were our declared
priorities.
For economic recovery, the Government pursued a two-pronged strategy of ensuring
macro-economic stability and introducing structural reforms for self-sustainable growth.
As a result, the economy had expanded at an average rate of 7% per annum during the
last four years. Its growth touched a record level of 9% in 2004-05.
Growth of large scale manufacturing which was 3.6% during 1999-00, registered an
average increase of 11.31 % per annum during the period from 2000-07. Growth of this
sector was highest in 2004-05 i.e. 19.9%.
Exchange rate remained stable despite widening of trade and current account deficits,
clearly indicating strong inflows of external resources.

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 Foreign Exchange reserves have crossed US$ 16 billion mark and the increased reserves
can now finance more than 31 weeks of imports against only 10 weeks in 1998-99.
Per capita income had increased from $ 526 (1999-00) to $925 (2006-07).

Revenue Collections

Total revenue collections increased from Rs 308 billion in 1999 to Rs 846 billion during
2007.

GDP

GDP growth which was 3.9% in 1999-00 grew at an average rate of 6% per annum
during the period from 2000-07.
Total GDP which ranged between Rs 769.7 billion (1988-89) and Rs 2,938.4 billion
(1998-99), registered an enormous growth during the last 8 years and ranged between Rs
3,826 billion (1999-00) and Rs 9,970 billion (2006-07).

FDI

Total FDI during 11 years from 1988-99 amounted to US$ 4.87 billion. The same during
the subsequent 8 years registered enormous growth and amounted to US$ 13.195 billion.

Micro Credits and Loans

Micro credits to the tune of Rs 11.454 billion were extended to lower strata of the society.
Agricultural loans of the order of Rs 596.44 billion were extended to farmers.

Stock Market

Growth of stock market ranged between (–) 44.7% (in 1997-98) and 219.1% during
1988-99.
As against KSE index of 1,257 points on 12th October, 1999, it was 13,772 in 2006-07.
As against market capitalization of Rs 334 billion on 12th October, 1999, it was Rs 3,980
billion at the close of financial year 2006-07.

State of Foreign Debt

Foreign debt and liabilities grew at an average rate of 7.4% per annum during 11 years
from 1989-99. Total debt in 1989 was $20.522 billion which rose to $38.922 billion in
1999.
If this trend had continued, Pakistan‟s external debt and liabilities would have been over
$ 60 billion. This level was brought down to $38.86 billion.

Agriculture

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 In 1998-99 our country was importing key staples to meet domestic requirements. In
contrast, in FY07, country witnessed significant rise in the productivity in almost all
major crops.
Agriculture credit market was quite shallow and gross disbursements were only Rs 42.9
billion in 1998-99. Gross disbursements of agri-credit rose to Rs 168 billion in 2006-07.

Remittances

As against US$ 1.06 billion received during 1998-99, US$ 5.5 billion were received
during 2006-07.

Social Sector Achievements

Health Sector

During 1998-1999 total health expenditure was Rs 25 billion which had increased to Rs
50 billion.
There had been an increase of about 20,000 registered doctors, around 3,000 registered
dentists, about 15,000 nurses, and 56,000 lady health workers. The quantity, quality
and distribution of this workforce were being improved.
Urban Health Initiative

Clinics to be set up in next two years

815 (Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Peshawar, Quetta).

Estimated cost

Rs 1.548 billion (Federal Govt. to fund establishment charges for three years).

Education Spread

81 new universities including Degree Awarding Institutions (DAI) and 14,117

schools/colleges were opened.
1,267,519 stipends to the needy students.
47,546,520 students were provided books free of cost.
.

Women Empowerment

National Policy for Development and Empowerment of Women was announced on 7th
March, 2002.
This policy contained a vision, defined goals, aims and objectives, formulated through a
laborious and detailed consultative process.

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 Reservation of 20% women‟s seats in the National Assembly (There were 72 women
Members of the National Assembly against 60 reserved seats).
Reservation of women seats in the Provincial Assemblies (There were 139 women
Members of the Provincial Assemblies against 128 reserved seats).

Legal and Social Empowerment of Women

Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2004 (Honour Killing Bill) enacted.

Reservation of quota for women in Government jobs including Central Superior Services.
Enactment of Women Protection Act, 2006 which provides a just and secure environment
for women to work as equal partners for the development of Pakistan.

Poverty Alleviation

Government‟s efforts have resulted in reduction of poverty from 34.4% in 2001 to 23.9%
in 2005.
In this way one crore 27 lac (12.7 million) people came out of poverty.
During last 5 years Rs 1,441 billion have been spent on poverty reduction and
employment generation.

Employment opportunities

During 1999-07, as many as 110,086 teachers, 65,231 Lady Health Visitors and 78,024
personnel in Police Department were appointed.
1,187,432 job opportunities were created in the Telecom Sector and 126,742 in Local
Government Departments.
6.6 million Job opportunities were created in Punjab in new business/industries.
165,609 jobs were provided in various departments in the provinces.

Infrastructure Development

Mega Projects

Work on 102 mega projects was initiated in various sectors from 2000.
Such projects included Makran Coastal Highway, Lowari Tunnel, Pindi Bhattian –
Faisalabad Motorway (M-3), Karachi Northern Bypass, Mirani Dam, Raising of Mangla
Dam, Gomal Zam Dam, Sabakzai Dam, Satpara Dam, Kachhi Canal, Rainee Canal,
Greater Thal Canal, Gwadar Port, Lining of Watercourses, Mansehra-Naran-Jalkhad
Muzaffarabad Road.

Electricity and Gas Supply – 1999-2007

Village Electrification (WAPDA):

Villages electrified during 1947-1999: 67,180

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 Villages electrified during 1999-2007: 54,50
Rate of Village electrification per year

In 1999 In 2007

1,400 14,000

Gas supply:

Towns/ villages/ localities supplied gas during 99- 07: 11,494

Amount spent on gas supply schemes during 99-07: Rs 78.81 billion

Telecom

Telephone connections

2001-02 2006-07

Fixed line 3.7 7

Mobile 1.6 62

Teledensity 3.3% 45%

Total Length of Roads Constructed

4,575.7 Kms of roads constructed by NHA at a total cost of Rs 90.9 billion.

PSDP Allocations

As against total Federal PSDP of Rs 568.57 billion during 11 years from 1988-99, Rs
1,078.90 billion were provided during the next 8 years viz from 1999-2000 to 2006-07.

Objectives and Challenges in the Foreign Policy

- To promote a peaceful environment regionally and internationally that is conducive to tasks of

socio- economic and technological development of Pakistan to build a strong, progressive
prosperous moderate Islamic society consistent with the vision of the Quaid-i-Azam.

- To build relations and international cooperation that helps socio-economic progress and a
strong defence.

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Regional Peace and Security

Relations with India

- Kashmir is at the heart of the past conflict and tension between Pakistan and India. The
President initiated the peace process which aimed at confidence building measures as well as
resolution of disputes. The atmosphere in bilateral relations has since improved which is
important for both countries.

Afghanistan

- No country has greater stake than Pakistan in peace, stability and prosperity of
Afghanistan. Our vision for transforming Pakistan into a hub of economic activity with linkages
to Central Asia cannot be realized without stable Afghanistan.

- We would not allow our territory to be used by elements that want to destabilize
Afghanistan. However, Afghanistan has suffered an unfortunate history in the past thirty years
which has gravely impacted on Pakistan. Today both countries are facing challenges of terrorism
and extremism as a result of forces that are product of this unfortunate history.

FATA

- Our Tribal Areas have been affected by the Afghan Jihad which had generated forces of
extremism. After 9/11, Al-Qaeda escaped to our areas placing a heavy responsibility on us to
counter this challenge.

- We have adopted a comprehensive strategy for FATA to counter terrorism and extremism.
Military action is only one part of the strategy. Political measures and socio-economic
development are other important elements.

Afghan Jirga

- The recent Afghan Jirga has been a positive development particularly the decision by the
Jirga to constitute a 50 member Council (25 from each side) which inter alia is mandated to talk
to “opposition” for peace in the area.

- The President had himself attended the concluding session.

Extremism and Terrorism

- We need to counter the danger of extremism and terrorism for our own sake, for the
stability and progress of our society.

- The international community also has expectation from us in this regard. We can differ on
the approach to counter these forces but everyone rejects violence, terrorism and extremism.

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.

Relations with United States

- It is an important relationship which is not limited to cooperation in counter-terrorism.

After the EU, the US is the largest trading partner of Pakistan. We have large US investments in
the country and there is nearly one million strong Pakistani expatriate community in the United
States.

- The US also desires long term sustainable, strong, strategic relations with Pakistan. In
developing this relationship, both countries ought to remain sensitive to each other.

Relations with China

- Relations with China are strong and stable and are continuously growing in all aspects.
There is unprecedented level of Chinese investments in Pakistan especially in the telecom sector,
construction and mining. China has constructed the Gwadar port and are upgrading KKH. Iran

- We have traditional close friendly ties with Iran.

Relations with Islamic countries

- We enjoy close brotherly ties with brotherly Islamic countries and play an active role
within the OIC.

- The President had visited number of Islamic countries (Arab and non-Arab countries) in
an effort to bring focus on the Middle East situation specially the problems of Palestine and Iraq
and the rising confrontation in the Gulf region. The President was subsequently invited to
address the Arab League Summit in Riyadh.

The United Nations

Pakistan continues to play an active role in the United Nations and other international forums.
Pakistan remained member of the Security Council 2003-2004 and held the Presidency of
ECOSOC in 2005 and is presently the Chairman of G-77..

Economic Achievements

Economic recovery result of prudent macro-economic policies, wide-ranging structural

reforms, fiscal discipline and consistency in policies.
Economy has performed robustly over the last several years with GDP growth touching a
record level of 9% in 2004-05.

Economic Achievements

General:

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 During his years in power, Pakistan pursued consistent and favourable policies of
liberalization, deregulation and privatization.
As a result, the economy had expanded at an average rate of 7% per annum during the
last four years. Its growth touched a record level of 9% in 2004-05.

Revenue Collections

Total revenue collections increased from Rs 308 billion in 1999 to Rs 846 billion during
2007.

GDP

GDP growth which was 3.9% in 1999-00 grew at an average rate of 6% per annum
during the period from 2000-07.
Total GDP which ranged between Rs 769.7 billion (1988-89) and Rs 2,938.4 billion
(1998-99), registered an enormous growth during the last 8 years and ranged between Rs
3,826 billion (1999-00) and Rs 9,970 billion (2006-07).

FDI

Total FDI during 11 years from 1988-99 amounted to US$ 4.87 billion. The same during
the subsequent 8 years registered enormous growth and amounted to US$ 13.195 billion.

Micro Credits and Loans

Micro credits to the tune of Rs 11.454 billion were extended to lower strata of the society.
Agricultural loans of the order of Rs 596.44 billion were extended to farmers.

Stock Market

Growth of stock market ranged between (–) 44.7% (in 1997-98) and 219.1% during
1988-99.
As against KSE index of 1,257 points on 12th October, 1999, it was 13,772 in 2006-07.

State of Foreign Debt

Foreign debt and liabilities grew at an average rate of 7.4% per annum during 11 years
from 1989-99. Total debt in 1989 was $20.522 billion which rose to $38.922 billion in
1999.
If this trend had continued, Pakistan‟s external debt and liabilities would have been over
$ 60 billion. This level was brought down to $38.86 billion.

Agriculture

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 In 1998-99 our country was importing key staples to meet domestic requirements. In
contrast, in FY07, country witnessed significant rise in the productivity in almost all
major crops.
Agriculture credit market was quite shallow and gross disbursements were only Rs 42.9
billion in 1998-99. Gross disbursements of agri-credit rose to Rs 168 billion in 2006-07.

Remittances

As against US$ 1.06 billion received during 1998-99, US$ 5.5 billion were received
during 2006-07.

Social Sector Achievements

Health Sector

During 1998-1999 total health expenditure was Rs 25 billion which had increased to Rs
50 billion.
During 2000-2008 health indicators had shown gradual improvement.
Urban Health Initiative

Clinics to be set up in next two years

815 (Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Peshawar, Quetta).

Estimated cost

Rs 1.548 billion (Federal Govt. to fund establishment charges for three years).

DEMERRITS:

1. Preamble

General Musharraf illegally took over Pakistan on October 12, 1999. After illegally taking over Pakistan,
he committed enormous serious crimes against the constitution, the state and the people of Pakistan.

His rule brought innumerable miseries to the people of Pakistan. He has been the most corrupted,
callous, immoral and ruthless ruler of the country and people were subservient to his whims and wishes.
It is high time, he be tried otherwise Pakistan would never be able to get rid of imprudent, self-righteous
Napoleonic idiocy of military regimes.

2. Key objective

Bring a national culprit into the court of law and try him under article 6 of the constitution of Pakistan.

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3.6 Murder of Akbar Bugti

He got Nawab Akbar Bugti killed in cold blood to implement the threat he had earlier hurled on him and
congratulated the people involved in the killing after the act.

3.7 Disappearance of people and conspiracies in Baluchistan

Thousands of Baloch political workers were made victims of enforced disappearance, with their family
members still unaware of their whereabouts. Various Baloch leaders, including Akhtar Mengal, were
implicated in false cases and jailed.

3.8 Killings in Lal-masjid

The Lal Masjid [Red Mosque of Islamabad] was attacked on the pressure of external powers [the Israeli-
Zionist Bush-Cheney Junta of War Criminals], resulting in the death of hundreds of innocent boys and
girls.

3.11 Attacks on judiciary

He illegally deposed the Chief Justice of Pakistan, Mr. Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Choudhry on 9th
March 2007, subjected him to torture and unlawfully confined him and his family including small
children disallowing anyone to see him or his children going to schools. The Supreme Court on 20th July
2007 in a landmark decision overthrew his illegal orders and reinstated the Chief Justice. He attacked
the judiciary again on 3rd November, 2007, enforced emergency, a Martial Law in real terms, acted
against the Constitution and deposed 60 superior court judges in one go imprisoning most of them.

CONCLUSION:

Despite of some bad steps taken by Musharraf like lal masjid operation , bughti murder, martial law
etc;The overall Musharraf govt took many important steps in the development of country e.g economic
development, industrial development, educational development, relation with india and other
countries.

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