DESIGN OF COOLING TOWER

GROUP-4

DESIGN OF COOLING TOWER

DESIGN INPUT DATA

HEIGHT OF COOLING TOWER 80 M
DIA AT TOP 44 M
DIA AT BASE 66 M
THROAT DIA. 35 M
Z FROM TOP 25 M
Z FROM BASE 55 M
B 46 M
CONCRETE_M 20 M20
GRADE OF STEEL Fe 415
σ CC 2.5 AS PER IS-456,TABLE-21
INTERVAL 20 M

THE DESIGN HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT BY STEP-BY-STEP PROCEDURE FOR

VARIOUS HEIGHT (VARYING FROM 0 TO 80M FROM BASE) TO ARRIVE AT THE SUITABLE
DESIGN. THIS METHOD ALLOWS APPRECIATION OF VARIOUS FACTORS INVOLVED.
DETAILED SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR BASE IS ATTACHED IN ANNEXURE –1.

IN UNDERTAKING THE DESIGN, CERTAIN SIMPLIFICATIONS OR ADJUSTMENTS

HAVE BEEN MADE TO SHORTEN THE LENGHTY & REPETITIVE PROCEDURE.

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 DESIGN OF COOLING TOWER
GROUP-4

ANNEXURE-1

 SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR BASE

PRELIMINARY DATA
HEIGHT OF COOLING TOWER 80 M
DIA AT TOP 44 M
THROAT DIA. 35 M
Z FROM TOP 25 M
Z FROM BASE 55 M
AT TOP
r02/a2 – z2/b2 = 1
∴b 46 M
DIA AT BASE 66 M
FOR TOP
tan∅=b/a x (√( r0 / r0 - a ))
2 2 2
4.755 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.2057 DEGREE
ξ0 = (√( a2 + b2 ) x cos∅/𝑎 0.5787
f( ξ0 ) = (2 x ξ/1- ξ2 ) – ln (1- ξ/1+ ξ) 3.061
MEMBRANE FORCES AT TOP
N∅ = - g/4 x b2 x (√( a2 + b2 ) x ( √1 − ξ2 /a2 + b2 – a2 ξ2 ) x ( f( ξ) – f(
ξ0 ) ) 0 KN/M
-
Nθ = -( g a2 / (√( a2 + b2 ) ) x ( ξ/1- ξ2) + N∅ x (a2/b2) x (1- ξ2 ) 135.3825 KN/M
MEMBRANE FORCES AT BASE
tan∅ 3.109 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.307 DEGREE
ξ1 0.863
f( ξ ) 9.390
N∅ -947.598 KN/M
Nθ -562.161 KN/M

DESIGN

N∅ 947.598 KN/M
𝜎cc 5 N/MM2
t = N∅ /( 1000 x 𝜎cc ) 190 MM
THICKNESS PROVIDED 190 MM
MIN. VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT = 1 % OF C/S 1900 MM2
PROVIDE 20 MM DIA.@ 160 MM C/C.(Ast = 1900 MM2 )
MIN. CIRCUMFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT = 0.15 % OF C/S 285 MM2
PROVIDE 6 MM DIA.@ 100 MM C/C.(Ast = 285 MM2 )

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GROUP-4

 CALCULATION FOR HEIGHT 60 M

PRELIMINARY DATA
HEIGHT OF COOLING TOWER 60 M
DIA AT TOP 44 M
THROAT DIA. 35 M
Z FROM TOP 25 M
Z FROM BASE 55 M
AT TOP
r02/a2 – z2/b2 = 1
∴b 46 M
DIA AT BASE 54 M
FOR TOP
tan∅=b/a x (√( r0 / r0 - a ))
2 2 2
4.755 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.205 DEGREE
ξ0 = (√( a2 + b2 ) x cos∅/𝑎 0.5787
f( ξ0 ) = (2 x ξ/1- ξ2 ) – ln (1- ξ/1+ ξ) 3.0617
MEMBRANE FORCES AT TOP
N∅ = - g/4 x b x (√( a + b ) x ( √1 − ξ2 /a2 + b2 – a2 ξ2 ) x ( f( ξ) – f(
2 2 2

ξ0 ) ) 0 KN/M
Nθ = -( g a2 / (√( a2 + b2 ) ) x ( ξ/1- ξ2) + N∅ x (a2/b2) x (1- ξ2 ) -135.382 KN/M
MEMBRANE FORCES AT BASE
tan∅ 3.451 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.278 DEGREE
ξ 0.7825
f( ξ ) 6.142
N∅ -558.606 KN/M
Nθ -345.448 KN/M

DESIGN

N∅ 558.606 KN/M
𝜎cc 5 N/MM2
t = N∅ /( 1000 x 𝜎cc ) 120 MM
THICKNESS PROVIDED 120 MM
MIN. VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT = 1 % OF C/S 1200 MM2
PROVIDE 25MM DIA.@ 260 MM C/C.(Ast = 1200 MM2 )
MIN. CIRCUMFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT = 0.15 % OF C/S 180 MM2
PROVIDE 6MM DIA.@ 150 MM C/C.(Ast = 180 MM2 )

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GROUP-4

 CALCULATION FOR HEIGHT 40 M

PRELIMINARY DATA
HEIGHT OF COOLING TOWER 40 M
DIA AT TOP 44 M
THROAT DIA. 35 M
Z FROM TOP 25 M
Z FROM BASE 55 M
AT TOP
r02/a2 – z2/b2 = 1
∴b 46 M
DIA AT BASE 46 M
FOR TOP
tan∅=b/a x (√( r0 / r0 - a ))
2 2 2
4.755 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.205 DEGREE
ξ0 = (√( a2 + b2 ) x cos∅/𝑎 0.578
f( ξ0 ) = (2 x ξ/1- ξ2 ) – ln (1- ξ/1+ ξ) 3.061
MEMBRANE FORCES AT TOP
N∅ = - g/4 x b x (√( a + b ) x ( √1 − ξ2 /a2 + b2 – a2 ξ2 ) x ( f( ξ) – f(
2 2 2

ξ0 ) ) 0 KN/M
Nθ = -( g a2 / (√( a2 + b2 ) ) x ( ξ/1- ξ2) + N∅ x (a2/b2) x (1- ξ2 ) -135.382 KN/M
MEMBRANE FORCES AT BASE
tan∅ 4.05 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.239 DEGREE
ξ 0.674
f( ξ ) 4.106
N∅ - 220.068 KN/M
Nθ - 209.54 KN/M

DESIGN

N∅ 220.068 KN/M
𝜎cc 5 N/MM2
t = N∅ /( 1000 x 𝜎cc ) 75 MM
THICKNESS PROVIDED 75 MM
MIN. VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT = 1 % OF C/S 500 MM2
PROVIDE 12 MM DIA.@ 220 MM C/C.(Ast = 500 MM2 )
MIN. CIRCUMFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT = 0.15 % OF C/S 75 MM2
PROVIDE 6 MM DIA.@ 250 MM C/C.(Ast = 75 MM2 )

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GROUP-4

 CALCULATION FOR HEIGHT 20 M

PRELIMINARY DATA
HEIGHT OF COOLING TOWER 20 M
DIA AT TOP 44 M
THROAT DIA. 35 M
Z FROM TOP 25 M
Z FROM BASE 55 M
AT TOP
r02/a2 – z2/b2 = 1
∴b 44 M
DIA AT BASE 44 M
FOR TOP
tan∅=b/a x (√( r0 / r0 - a ))
2 2 2
4.755 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.205 DEGREE
ξ0 = (√( a2 + b2 ) x cos∅/𝑎 0.578
f( ξ0 ) = (2 x ξ/1- ξ2 ) – ln (1- ξ/1+ ξ) 3.061
MEMBRANE FORCES AT TOP
N∅ = - g/4 x b x (√( a + b ) x ( √1 − ξ2 /a2 + b2 – a2 ξ2 ) x ( f( ξ) – f(
2 2 2

ξ0 ) ) 0 KN/M
Nθ = -( g a2 / (√( a2 + b2 ) ) x ( ξ/1- ξ2) + N∅ x (a2/b2) x (1- ξ2 ) -135.38 KN/M
MEMBRANE FORCES AT BASE
tan∅ 4.337 DEGREE
cos∅ 0.224 DEGREE
Ξ 0.631
f( ξ ) 3.592
N∅ - 116.32 KN/M
Nθ -173.705 KN/M

DESIGN

N∅ 173.705 KN/M
𝜎cc 5 N/MM2
t = N∅ /( 1000 x 𝜎cc ) 60 MM
THICKNESS PROVIDED 60 MM
MIN. VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT = 1 % OF C/S 300 MM2
PROVIDE 10 MM DIA.@ 260 MM C/C.(Ast = 300 MM2 )
MIN. CIRCUMFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT = 0.15 % OF C/S 45 MM2
PROVIDE 6 MM DIA.@ 300 MM C/C.(Ast = 45 MM2 )

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 DESIGN OF COOLING TOWER
GROUP-4

DESIGN

SR NO. PANEL NO. VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT

1 I 10MM DIA @260MM SPACING 6MM DIA @300MM SPACING
2 II 12MM DIA @220MM SPACING 6MM DIA @250MM SPACING
3 III 25MM DIA @260MM SPACING 6MM DIA @150MM SPACING
4 IV 20MM DIA @160MM SPACING 6MM DIA @100MM SPACING

THE REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS HAVE BEEN COMPUTED AND PRESENTED IN

THE FOLLOWING TABLE BELOW.