Question 1

Explain 3 personalities formed from Theory of Holland and give one example of suitable
career choices according to each personality?

(12 Marks)

Answer:

1. Realistic: match with heavy work that requires skill and masculinity. Realistic individuals
will usually choose a career that will allow them to express all the character they have. The
characteristics they possess are antisocial, concise, honest, genuine, stubborn, materialistic,
persistent, and others. Examples of their chosen career are mechanics, technicians, carpenters
and others.

2. Investigative: match with the work that requires more thought than actions. Investigative
individuals have analytical, cautious, critical, complex, curious, rational, self-sustaining,
quiet and others characteristics. Examples of their chosen career like chemists, doctors and
others.

3. Artistic: Artistic individuals love the blurry, free and unsystematic activities that require
them to manipulate the materials and words, as well as avoid explicit, systematic and
regulatory activities. The characteristics they have are complicated, inverted, emotional,
expressive, idealistic, imaginative, independent, intuitive and others. Example of their chosen
career is an artist, whether in the field of music or art.

4. Social: Individuals will choose careers related to manipulating others such as informing,
training, educating, developing and curing as well as avoiding explicit, structured and
activities involving materials, tools and machines. They have characteristics such as
influential, cooperative, patient, friendly, generous, helpful, idealistic, empathy, kind and
others. They are interested in careers such as educators, psychologists, welfare officers and
counselors.

5. Enterprising: Enterprising individuals love the manipulation of others such as directing,

persuading and leading to achieve organizational goals and economic benefits while avoiding
observational, symbolic and systematic activities. They have characteristics like
achievement, love to travel outstation, easy to agree, ambitious, arrogant, energetic,
passionate, and delightful. Examples of their chosen career are businessman, management
executives, salesman, politicians and others.
6. Conventional: Conventional individuals have the interests, the competence, the perceptions
and the characteristics of such as caution, persistence, meticulous, defensive, efficient,
toughened, courageous, practical, and others. Examples of career chosen by these individuals
are accountant, music copyist, clerk, auditor, operator and others.

Question 2

There are two types of factors that affecting individual’s career development. List out the
element involve in this two factors of career development.
(8 Marks)

Answer:

1. Internal Factor
a. attitude
b. personality
c. interest
d. ability
e. age
f. gender
g. race

2. External Factor
a. Work suitability
b. work environment
c. technology evolvement
d. organization
e. family
f. level of education
g. length of service