Hazmat Part 4 PDF

Section 6
Inspection, Evaluation
and Testing
(as applicable to APSA tank
facilities)
APSA/SPCC Plan Compliance Primer Slide 169
Inspections and Testing Summary

r Two primary requirements for inspecting and testing,
and associated recordkeeping
1. Applicable to all SPCC regulated facilities (40 CFR
112.7(e)):
• Conduct inspections and tests required by 40 CFR

112 in accordance with written procedures
developed for the facility by the owner/operator or
the certifying engineer
¾ Generic: Does not specify any particular standard, but
references any testing/inspecting required by the rule
¾ Mandates written procedures for those tests/inspections
• The written procedures and a record of the

inspections and tests must be kept for 3 yrs
¾ Records must be signed by the supervisor or inspector
¾ Usual and customary business recordkeeping practices is OK

Applicable to all SPCC regulated facilities (40 CFR 112.7(e)):
• Examples of inspections and tests required by 40 CFR 112
¾ Test or inspect each aboveground container for integrity on a
regular schedule and whenever you make material repairs
112.7(c)(6)
¾ Prior to filling and departure of any tank car or tank truck,
closely inspect for discharges the lowermost drain and all
outlets of such vehicles… 112.7(h)(3)
¾ Regularly test (overfill prevention) liquid level sensing
devices to ensure proper operation 112.7(c)(8)(v)
¾ Inspect the condition of the accumulation (in dikes) before
starting, to ensure no oil will be discharged 112.8(b)(1)
¾ Inspect and may drain uncontaminated retained stormwater
112.8(b)(2)
¾ Observe effluent treatment facilities frequently enough to
detect possible system upsets that could cause a harmful
navigable water discharge 112.8(c)(9)
¾ Regularly inspect all aboveground valves, piping, and
appurtenances 112.8(d)(4)

r Two primary requirements for inspecting and testing, and associated recordkeeping
2. Applicable to on-shore facilities (40 CFR

112.8(c)(6)):
¾ This would include all APSA tank facilities
• Test or inspect each aboveground container for integrity on a
regular schedule and whenever you make material repairs
• Must determine, in accordance with industry standards:
¾ The appropriate qualifications for personnel performing
tests and inspections
¾ The frequency and type of testing and inspections, which
take into account container size, configuration, and design
• Examples of integrity tests include: visual inspection,
hydrostatic testing, radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing,
acoustic emissions testing, or other systems of non-
destructive testing
• Need to specify the above for each tank or group of tanks in
the Plan

r Two primary requirements for inspecting and testing, and associated
recordkeeping
2. Applicable to on-shore (and all APSA) facilities (continued):
• Must keep comparison records
¾ May need to keep for more than 3 years
• Must also inspect the
container's supports and
foundations
• Must frequently inspect the
outside of the container for
signs of deterioration,
discharges, or accumulation of
NOT the approved
oil inside diked areas
recordkeeping method
• Records of inspections and
tests kept under usual and
customary business practices
are OK

r The inspection and testing program and
procedures must be written/described in the
Plan:
• For Tier I qualified facilities, Table G-5 in the Template must
be completed
The specific industry standards used must be

referenced
• Plans can still include ‘environmentally equivalent’ measures
if determined/approved/certified by a PE
Scope, frequency and methods of inspections or

testing
Personnel to carry out the inspections/testing and
the qualifications required of them
APSA/SPCC Plan Compliance Primer
Periodic, Scheduled Inspections &

Slide 174
Integrity Testing
r Intended to prevent, predict, and detect discharges
r Somewhat flexible, but must be in accordance with
industry standards
• So… unless an environmental equivalence determination is made
– there is a limit to this flexibility
Type, scope & frequency of inspections depend on tank or container
type, containment configuration, and industry reference standard
selected or considered
Could range from periodic visual inspections by facility personnel to
detailed internal and external physical testing (e.g. radiographic or
ultrasonic plus tank entry) by certified/qualified outside specialists
• Visual inspections-only are often all that would be required
r Performed on a ‘regular schedule’, as well as

whenever material repairs are made
Frequent Visual Inspection

Slide 175
(40 CFR 112.8(c)(6))
r Applies to:
Bulk storage containers & tanks,
oil-filled equipment, associated
piping, valves, appurtenances, etc.,
and other components that could
be a source or cause of an oil
release
• Bulk storage tanks and containers
¾ Includes mobile/portable tanks,
containers, drums, totes, non-
transportation related tanker trucks
Piping connected to these tanks

and containers
Frequent Visual Inspection
(40 CFR 112.8(c)(6))
r Intended to be a routine (though sufficiently detailed)

walk-around by the owner/operator… typically conducted
by properly trained facility personnel
Can be used to meet certain industry standard integrity
testing requirements (e.g. STI SP001)
r Must occur frequently to detect signs of deterioration,
discharges, or accumulations of oil inside diked areas
r Records for integrity tests and frequent visual inspections –
usual and customary business practices will suffice
Retain for at least 3 years, though
Must be signed by inspector or supervisor
Template contains a (cruddy) log and schedule form in
Attachment 3.1 (Table G-16)
Inspections
r Description must be
consistent with practice
Forms and details must
match, too
Must now reference and be
consistent with the relevant
industry standard
Inspections… examples
Field Conditions Consistent with

Slide 183
Inspections?
Regularly Scheduled
Inspections/Testing at Tier I
Qualified Facilities
r Must either use the

EPA SPCC Plan
Template or fully
comply with the
‘regular’ integrity
testing requirements
of 40 CFR
112.8(c)(6)
Template requirements
based on 112.8(c)(6) and
STI SP-001 4th Ed.
More Inspection
Slide 186
Examples
Inspections
r Don’t forget tank

supports and
foundations!
Inspections
Inspections
Inspections
Regularly Scheduled Integrity Testing
r Applies to:
• Non-qualified and Tier II qualified facilities
Large (field-constructed or field-erected)
aboveground storage containers
Medium (shop built, field-erected or combo)
aboveground storage containers
Small (shop-built) aboveground bulk storage
containers
Aboveground bulk storage containers on, partially
in (partially buried, bunkered, or vaulted tanks)
and off the ground wherever located
Aboveground bulk storage containers storing any
type of oil
• Examples: mobile/portable containers, drums, totes
Potentially Relevant Industry Standards –

Visual Inspections &/or Integrity Testing
API STI API API API API API ASME ASME
Facility Component(s) Covered in 653 SP001 570 RP* RP* 12R1 1110 B31.3 B31.4
Standard or Recommended Practice 575 574
New equipment U U U U
Equipment that has been in service U U U U U U U U
Shop-built AST U U U U
Field-erected AST U U U U
Plastic tanks U
Container supports or foundation U U U U
Diked area U
Aboveground valves, piping, and U U U U U U U

appurtenances
Underground piping U U
Offshore valves, piping, and U

appurtenances
STI SP-001 Scope

r Aboveground storage
tanks
r Stable, flammable, &
combustible liquids
r Covers:
Shop-fabricated tanks
Portable containers
Field-erected tanks (up to
30’ diameter & 50’ high only,
shell thickness less than ½”)
• Covered in Appendix B of the
Standard
Types of SP001 Inspections

r Periodic AST Inspection (P)
Performed by owner
Monthly basis
Example checklist provided in SP-001 standard
Records maintained for at least 3 years
r Formal external inspection (E)

Performed by STI certified inspector
Records retained for life of the tank
r Formal internal inspection (I)

Performed by certified inspector
Records retained for life of the tank
r Leak test (L)

Performed by owner or his/her designee
(by ‘owner’s inspector’)

For Tier I Qualified Facilities
r The Plan Template specifies the visual

inspections (it’s based on STI SP001)
Inspector Qualifications per STI SP001

Example STI SP001 Report

Integrity Testing of Other Tank
Types
Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Tank

Slide 209
Inspections
r FTPI-2005-2 “Standard for In-service Inspections of
Aboveground Atmospheric Fiberglass Reinforced
Plastic Tanks and Vessels”
r Visual inspection in accordance with ASTM D 2563
"Standard Test Method for Classifying Visual Defects
in Glass-Reinforced Plastic Laminate Parts.“
r Periodic inspection of the inside of the tank is
important when assessing performance
Once a year is a good frequency for aggressive
service conditions
Every two years in less aggressive service (such as
water, non-high temp oils, etc)
Rotationally Molded
Polyethylene Tanks
Section 7
Training & Procedures

facilities)
Procedural-Related Compliance
Slide 212
Requirements
r Facility must have in place/implement:
Procedures for routine handling of oil
• Loading, unloading, movement and facility transfers, key
maintenance, etc.
Procedures for overfill prevention and discharge
control
Procedures for inspections and periodic testing
Procedures for inspecting and discharging
contained or accumulated stormwater
r Significant flexibility
Must be ‘adequate’ for the facility
r Reference and describe in Plan

Not addressed in the Template (doh!)
Procedures
r In Plan:
Just reference or
summarize
r In practice?
Criteria for good
procedures:
• Complete/adequate
• Appropriately
communicated and
well known
• Verifiable
• Accessible at time of
need
• Implemented
consistently
What you say vs what you do

Procedures
Training
r Two types of training required by 40 CR 112.7(f)
‘Detailed’ SPCC Plan and implementation training
• No specified frequency
Spill prevention briefings
• Annual
1. Detailed SPCC Training (40 CFR 112.7(f)(1))

Training for oil-handling employees and those with oil spill
prevention responsibilities. At a minimum, must include:
• Applicable pollution control laws and regulations
• Operation & maintenance of oil discharge prevention
systems/equipment
• Discharge prevention procedures and protocols
• General facility operations
• SPCC plan contents and understanding of the Plan
Training
2. Annual spill prevention briefings for oil handling
personnel (40 CFR 112.7(f)(1))
…to assure adequate understanding of the SPCC Plan for the
facility
Briefings must highlight and describe:
• Known discharges as described in §112.1(b) or
• Failures, malfunctioning components, and
• Any recently developed precautionary measures
r Should describe the training and briefing program
in the Plan
• Plan template contains a training/
briefing log as Attachment 3.4)
• Records of training not specifically
required non-qualified facilities or
Tier II qualified facilities
Designated Accountable Person
rThe facility must designate a person

at the facility who is accountable for
discharge prevention and who
reports to facility management
40 CFR 112.7(f)(2)
Identify name and title in Plan (or Table
G-5 of Template)
Section 8
Spill Planning,
Notifications, and
Response
facilities)
Control/Response Measures or
Procedures
rResponse provisions
Must have a plan/procedures to respond to oil spills…
generally describe them in the Plan (or Table G-7 in
Template)
• May consist of use of outside response agencies and
contractors
• Must include internal notification and communication
– Table G-8 in Template
• Must include outside agency notification
– Tables G-9 & G-20 in Template (but that’s federal only…)
• Should include some interim control measures
– Describe in Table G-7 in Template
• Full secondary containment compliance eases contingency
plan requirements
Control/Response Measures or Procedures

Look! It’s Kristen
rResponse provisions Reigel! We’re saved!
Oh Great Holy Smokin’
Use of Business
Monkey, we’re SAVED!!!
Emergency Plan?
• OK…summarize in the Plan
or Template and include the
BEP as a reference…but
• Must include sufficient detail
(such as clean up, use of
contractors, repair/
reinspection, EPA notification
for navigable water spills,
etc.)
• Must also have ‘management
commitment’ statement
Control/Response Measures or
Procedures
rCountermeasures provisions
Written management commitment of manpower,
materials, equipment, $$ to control spills and assure
cleanup
Importance of Secondary Containment

r Besides the obvious… If secondary containment and other
diversionary means are determined by the PE to be
‘impractical’:
Impracticality determination must be detailed in the Plan
Must do integrity testing… and:
Plan must include a specific ‘Oil Spill Contingency Plan’

• Must meet requirements of 40 CFR 109 (EPA guidance available):
– Authorities, responsibilities, and duties of all persons, organizations,
or agencies involved in oil removal operations
– Notification procedures for the purpose of early detection and timely
notification of an oil discharge
– Provisions to ensure that full resource capability is known and can
be committed during an oil discharge
– Provisions for well-defined and specific actions to be taken after
discovery and notification of an oil discharge
– Procedures to facilitate recovery of damages and enforcement
measures
40 CR 109
r NOT your
simple BEP!
Spill and Release Reporting

In addition to any local & state reporting
r Two main federal oil discharge requirements:

1. Specific to SPCC facilities:
• Report to the EPA Regional Admin. discharges of:
– More than 1,000 gallons of oil in a single discharge to
navigable waters or adjoining shorelines
– More than 42 gallons of oil in each of two discharges to
navigable waters or adjoining shorelines within a rolling 12-
month period
– It’s the amount of oil in gallons that reached the navigable
waters
• Facility owner/operator must report to EPA within 60 days
– Detailed report content - including failure analysis and corrective
actions taken (make sure the Plan describes the report to be filed)

2. General to oil discharges (from any facility):
• Report to the National Response
Center any amount of oil discharge
that:
– Violates state water quality standards
– Causes a film or sheen upon the water
– Leaves sludge or emulsion beneath the
surface
• Facility owner/operator must report to NRC
immediately
– Moderate report content (make sure the
Plan describes the notification process,
phone # [800-424-8802], etc.)
– Penalties likely to accrue if report not made
within 15 minutes of discovery
r A simpler form
is in the
Template as
Attachment 4
(Table G-20)

r California Reporting
Handler must, upon discovery, immediately report
any release or threatened release of a hazardous
material
• Immediate reporting not be required if there is a reasonable
belief that the release or threatened release poses no
significant present or potential hazard to human health and
safety, property, or the environment
Must also report any amount of oil discharged to
‘waters of the state’
Report to:
• CUPA
• OES Warning Center
• 911 (if necessary)

r California
Reporting under
APSA
Spill or release
of one bbl (> 42
gallons) of
petroleum to
‘waters of the
state’
• To OES and CUPA
The regular Calif.

Reporting should
suffice.
Section 9
Tools and References

Cal/EPA APSA Fact Sheets and Info

www.calepa.ca.gov/CUPA/aboveground
Guidance!
r 11-05 EPA Guidance

Amended Feb & Mar 06
• Will be updated in 2009 (?) to
address 11-08 amendments
A great compliance tool

Includes sample SPCC Plans
and Contingency Plans, etc.
• Sample plans available in Word
• www.epa.gov/oilspill
Includes examples and

diagrams
On CD and at
http://www.epa.gov/
emergencies/content/
spcc/index.htm
Guidance for Regional

Inspectors

Inspectors

Inspectors
SPCC Plan Reminder

r SPCC Plans are simply the
documentation of
compliance programs and
procedures
It’s not just what you say…
it’s how you carry it out
Operational personnel
rarely read the Plan!
r SPCC Plan has force of

federal and Calif.
regulations
rThe SPCC Plan is a living document
The Plan and the SPCC program must be part of a Management
of Change process
For the fourth year in a row, the
Original Costume Contest at
ESCI EnviroServices’ annual
Halloween party had no clear
winner.

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Section 6

Inspections and Testing Summary

• Conduct inspections and tests required by 40 CFR

• The written procedures and a record of the

Inspections and Testing Summary

Inspections and Testing Summary

2. Applicable to on-shore facilities (40 CFR

Inspections and Testing Summary

Inspections and Testing Summary

 The specific industry standards used must be

 Scope, frequency and methods of inspections or

Periodic, Scheduled Inspections &

r Performed on a ‘regular schedule’, as well as

Frequent Visual Inspection

(40 CFR 112.8(c)(6))

 Piping connected to these tanks

(40 CFR 112.8(c)(6))

r Intended to be a routine (though sufficiently detailed)

Field Conditions Consistent with

r Must either use the

r Don’t forget tank

Regularly Scheduled Integrity Testing

Potentially Relevant Industry Standards –

Equipment that has been in service U U U U U U U U

Container supports or foundation U U U U

Aboveground valves, piping, and U U U U U U U

Offshore valves, piping, and U

STI SP-001 Scope

Types of SP001 Inspections

r Formal external inspection (E)

r Formal internal inspection (I)

r Leak test (L)

(by ‘owner’s inspector’)

For Tier I Qualified Facilities

r The Plan Template specifies the visual

Inspector Qualifications per STI SP001

Example STI SP001 Report

Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Tank

Training & Procedures

r Reference and describe in Plan

What you say vs what you do

1. Detailed SPCC Training (40 CFR 112.7(f)(1))

Designated Accountable Person

rThe facility must designate a person

Control/Response Measures or Procedures

Importance of Secondary Containment

 Plan must include a specific ‘Oil Spill Contingency Plan’

Spill and Release Reporting

r Two main federal oil discharge requirements:

Spill and Release Reporting

Spill and Release Reporting

Spill and Release Reporting

 The regular Calif.

Tools and References

Cal/EPA APSA Fact Sheets and Info

r 11-05 EPA Guidance

 A great compliance tool

 Includes examples and

Guidance for Regional

Guidance for Regional

Guidance for Regional

SPCC Plan Reminder

r SPCC Plan has force of

The specific industry standards used must be

Scope, frequency and methods of inspections or

Piping connected to these tanks

Plan must include a specific ‘Oil Spill Contingency Plan’

The regular Calif.

A great compliance tool

Includes examples and