Air Force 2008-09

Quick Reference Guide

Name:
Staff Group:

Air Force Element USACGSC

Attn: Major (Your Name)
100 Stimson Ave.
Fort Leavenworth KS 66027

Revised by: Lt Col Rye (Jun 2008)

Email corrections to John.Rye@us.army.mil

Phone Numbers
CGSC Phone System: DSN Prefix 96 + Number
Local Prefix 99 + Number
Comm Prefix 98 + Number

FTLEAVENWORTH DSN 552-XXXX or COMM (913) 684-XXXX

U.S. Student Division 4-7316 Gentry Clinic 4-6600 Billeting 4-4091
Class Room Services 4-2774 Central Appt 4-6250 Tricare 1-888-874-9378
Housing Maintenance 651-3838 Housing Office 682-6300 Dental CLN 4-5516

WHITEMAN AFB (DSN 975-XXXX or COMM (660) 687-XXXX)

Billeting x1844 Finance/ Pay x2006
Flight Medicine x2156/2172 Outbound Assignmts x6454
Customer Service x6427/8 TMO x4115
Awards & Decs x6427 Legal Office x6809
Flight Records x1715(Fax 2388) Base Locator x1841

OFFUTT AFB (DSN 271-XXXX or COMM (402) 294-XXXX)

Alt Chamber x4400 Billeting x3671 Operator x1110 Time Hack: 762-1401

AIR FORCE ELEMENT DSN: 552-XXXX Comm (913) 684-XXXX

Office: 4-3415/3424/3417 Student Number: 4-3429 Fax: 4-3107
56 - Helpful Web Sites
Air Force Link: http://www.af.mil/
Air Force Personnel Center http://www.afpc.randolph.af.mil/
Air University http://www.au.af.mil
Aircraft Pictures http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/
Airman the Book http://www.af.mil/news/airman/0307/index.shtml
Army http://www.army.mil
CIA Factbook http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/
DoD Defense Link http://www.defenselink.mil/
Defense Technical Info Ctr http://www.dtic.mil/
JANE’S Info http://www.janes.com/defence/
Library of Congress http://www.loc.gov/
Marine Corps http://hqmc.usmc.mil
MIT Library http://libraries.mit.edu/
Munitions https://wmnet.eglin.af.mil/weapons/toc.htm
National Defense University http://www.ndu.edu
Navy http://www.navy.mil
RAND http://www.rand.org/
References http://www.cs.cmu.edu/
CALL Lessons Learned http://call.army.mil/

NOTES
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54 - ATO Cycle Times will vary
INDEX
SECTION SECTION
from JTF to 1 Principles of War 29 Forms of Maneuver
Time Action NOTIONAL 72 HR PLANNING CYCLE JTF! 2 Tenets of Air and Space Power 30 Force Projection
3 Core Competencies / Distinctive Caps 31 Sustainment
72 hrs JFC issues concept and objectives and tentative apportionment made 4 Air and Space Power Functions32 BCT Concept of Support
5 Employing Airpower 33 Combat Service Support
6 Counter-Land Terms Defined 34 Classes of Supply
48 hrs JFACC forecasts CAS availability for apportionment
7 Command Relationships - Defined 35 Ends, Ways, & Means
8 Command Relationships - Table 36 Chain of Command
36 hrs JFC approves air apportionment plan. Modifies as required on a continuous 9 Army Doctrine 37 Roles, Missions
basis. AI forecast sent from JFLCC to JFACC; Joint Targeting Board identifies 10 Campaign Planning 38 Marines
targets; Priority/weight of main effort established. 11 U.S. Army Branches 39 USSOCOM
12 Command/Staff 40 Navy
36-30 hrs JFACC allocates sorties to match apportionment and forwards that information 13 Army Vision 2010 41 Munitions
to JFLCC. JFLCC confirms priorities and distribution for CAS (incl JAAT) 14 Commander’s Estimate 42 Mobility Aircraft
missions. 15 Types of Orders / Cmdr’s Intent 43 MAF Capabilities
16 MDMP 44 CAF (Combat) Aircraft
30 hrs JFLCC gives JFACC interdiction target nominations. 17 Mission Analysis 45 CAF (Combat) Aircraft
18 IPB & Threat Evaluation 46 SOF Aircraft
19 METT-TC 47 C2/ISR Aircraft
24 hrs Divisions nominate AI targets to Corps to EAC. EAC/JFLCC provide JFACC
20 COA Statement / Sketch 48 Aircraft in Development
updated target lists.
21 Common Operational Tasks 49 Brigade Combat Team Org
22 Mission Tasks / Effects 50 JSPS
12 hrs JFACC publishes the ATO for execution. 23 OPLAN Organization 51 JOPES
24 Theater Air Ground Operating System 52 Crisis Action Planning
* The ATO cycle is a planning and scheduling tool--it has no affect on the ability to respond 25 Mission Graphics 53 Deliberate Planning Process
rapidly. 26 Fire Coordination Measures 54 ATO Cycle
27 Defense 55 Air Operations Center
28 Offense 56 Helpful Websites

55 – Air Operations Center (AOC)

JP 3-30
Air Force Mission

The mission of the United States Air Force is to deliver sovereign
options for the defense of the United States of America and its
global interests -- to fly and fight in Air, Space, and Cyberspace.
To achieve that mission, the Air Force has a vision of Global
Vigilance, Reach and Power.
That vision orbits around three core competencies: Developing
Airmen, Technology-to-Warfighting and Integrating Operations.
These core competencies make our six distinctive capabilities
possible: Air and Space Superiority, Information Superiority, Global
Attack, Precision Engagement, Rapid Global Mobility, and Agile
Combat Support.
The Air Force bases these core competencies and distinctive
capabilities on a shared commitment to three core values --
Integrity first, Service before self, and Excellence in all we do.
1 - Principles of War
• Centralized Control / Decentralized Execution - Master tenet, provides
theater-wide focus while allowing operational flexibility to meet
objectives.
• Flexibility / Versatility – Exploit mass & maneuver simultaneously;
equally effective at all levels of warfare (stat/op/tac).
• Synergistic Effects - Mutually supportive forces create effects that exceed
the sum of their individual contributions.
• Persistence - Visit and revisit wide ranges of targets nearly at will in
constant proximity of entire AO.
• Concentration – Guard against inadvertent dilution of effects resulting
from high demand.
• Priority – Limited resources require application to most critical JFC
requirement.
• Balance – Between offensive and defensive ops, and among
strat/oper/tactical applications.
Air and Space Superiority – Provides freedom to attack as well as freedom from
attack. Success in air, land, sea, and space operations depends upon air and space
superiority.
Air Supremacy - That degree of air superiority wherein the opposing air and space
forces is incapable of effective interference anywhere in theater of operations.

The principles of war are guidelines that commanders can use to form and 52 – Crisis Action Planning
select a course of action. No one principle should be considered without due Summary of CAP Phases
consideration of the others. JP 5-0
 Unity of Command - Ensures concentration of effort for every objective
under one responsible commander. II IIII III
III IV
IV V
V VI
Situation
Situation Crisis COA COA Execution VI
 Objective - Directing military ops toward a defined and attainable Development
Development
Crisis
Assessment
Assessment
COA
Development
Development
COA
Selection
Selection
Execution
Planning
Planning
Execution
Execution
objective that contributes to strategic, operational, and tactical aims.
 Offensive – Offensive action is to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative. Event occurs with Increased CJCS sends warning CJCS / NCA review CINC receives Alert NCA decides to
 Mass - Concentrating the effects of combat power at a decisive time/place. national security
implications
awareness,
reporting
order
CINC develops COAs
CINC’s COA(s)
CJCS may send
Order or
Planning Order
execute OPORD
CJCS sends
 Maneuver - To place the enemy in a position of disadvantage through the CINC submits JS, CJCS, NCA CINC submits Planning Order to CINC develops Execute Order
assessment to assess situation Commander’s begin Execution OPORD CINC executes
flexible application of combat power in a multidimensional combat space. CJCS / NCA CJCS / NCA JS Estimate with Planning before Refine TPFDD OPORD
 Economy of Force – Judicious employment and distribution of forces by decide to
develop military
recommended
COA to CJCS /
NCA select COA
If NCA select COA,
Force preparation
CINC sends
JPEC reports
execution status
selecting the best mix of combat power. COA NCA CJCS sends Alert OPORD Crisis resolved
Order Redeployment of
 Security - Protected from enemy actions that could provide the enemy with Forces
unexpected advantage.
 Surprise - Leverages security principle by attacking at a time, place, or in
a manner for which the enemy is not prepared.
 Simplicity - Avoid unnecessary complexity in organizing,, preparing,
planning, and conducting military operations.
AFDD 1 pages 19-26

53 – Deliberate Planning Process

2 - Tenets of Air and Space Power JP 5-0
Seven Tenets of Air and Space Power (AFDD 1 pages 27-33)
 Functions include: Threat Identification and assessment, Strategy determination,
JOPES COA development, Detailed planning, and Implementation.
OPLAN - An OPLAN is a complete and detailed operation plan containing a full
Deliberate JSCP
Planning
description of the concept of operations and all required annexes with associated
appendixes.
CONPLAN - A CONPLAN is an operation plan in an abbreviated format that
Initiate Develop Develop Review Supporting Maintain would require considerable expansion or alteration to convert it into an OPLAN,
Concept Plan Plan Plans TPFDD campaign plan, or OPORD. Can be developed with or without a TPFDD.
Functional Plans - Functional plans involve the conduct of military operations in a
No
No CONPLAN OPLAN
CONPLAN OPLAN peacetime or permissive environment. These plans are traditionally developed
Plan
Plan Deployment
Database for specific functions or discrete tasks (e.g., nuclear weapon recovery or evacuation,
logistics, communications, or continuity of operations)
Crisis Expand Modify
Develop
JOPES
Apportioned forces: TPFDD forces (from JSCP) for planning purposes
Develop Select Allocated forces: What you actually end up getting.
Develop Assess Plan
Situation Crisis
Course of Course of
Execution
Execute Assigned forces: What you already own. NOTE: Don’t confuse apportioned and
Action Action allocated forces in JOPES with apportionment and allocation of forces in TACS.
OPORD
OPORD
CJCS CJCS The terms are used in a different context.
CJCS
Warning Planning Alert
CJCS
JP 5-0
Crisis Action Order Order
Order Execute
Planning Order

50 - JSPS - Joint Strategic Planning System 3 – Core Competencies/Distinctive Capabilities

President and SECDEF (By direction of Sec. Rumsfeld, can’t say “NCA” anymore)
NSC = Pres, VP, SECDEF, SECSTATE (CJCS, DCI are advisors)
DPG (Defense Planning Guidance) is SECDEF’s guidance to the services and
defense agencies for use in development of their budgets/POMs (Pgm Obj. Memo)
NMSD (Nat’l Mil. Strategy Document) conveys CJCS advice to NCA and NSC
on recommended military strategy and fiscally constrained force structure
during planning period covered by DPG
JSCP (Jt Strategic Capab. Plan) directs the warfighting CINCs to develop plans
and apportions forces to them for planning.
JSPS (Jt Strategic Planning System) is the process for formulating nat’l mil.
Strategy
JP 5-0
Institutional Air & Space Core Competencies:
Developing Airmen – (The heart of combat capability)
Technology-to-Warfighting – (The tools of combat capability)
Integrating Operations – (Maximizing combat capability)
Institutional Air & Space Distinctive Capabilities:
Air & Space Superiority - Provides freedom to attack and freedom from attack.
Information Superiority - Ability to collect, control, exploit, and defend
information while denying an adversary the ability to do the same and includes
gaining control over the information realm and fully exploiting military information
functions.
Global Attack - Ability to attack rapidly and persistently with a wide range of
munitions anywhere on the globe at any time.
Precision Engagement - Air & Space power provides the “scalpel” of joint service ops
Rapid Global Mobility - Timely movement, positioning, and sustainment of
military forces and capabilities through air and space, across the range of military
operations.
Agile Combat Support - Highly responsive support for forces deployed forward.
AFDD 1 pgs 74-82

51 – JOPES Terms Defined 4 - Air and Space Power Functions (1 of 3)

JOPES – Joint Operation & Planning Execution System: Consists of five basic
planning functions and the Deliberate and Crisis Action Planning Processes.
• Strategic Attack – Offensive action conducted by command authorities aimed at
generating effects that most directly achieve our national security objectives by
affecting the adversary’s leadership, conflict-sustaining resources, and strategy.
• Counterair - Consists of operations to attain and maintain a desired degree of air
superiority by the destruction, degredation, of disruption of enemy forces.
- Offensive Counterair (OCA) - Consists of operations to destroy, degrade,
or disrupt enemy air and missile power as close to its source as possible and at a
time and place of our choosing. OCA is the most effective & efficient method for
achieving air superiority.
- Defensive Counterair (DCA) – Detection, identification, interception,
and destruction of attacking enemy air and missiles and normally takes place over
or close to friendly territory.
• Counterspace - Involves operations conducted to attain and maintain a desired degree of
space superiority by the destruction, degradation, or disruption of enemy space capability.
- Offensive Counterspace (OCS) - Operations deny, degrade, disrupt, or
deceive an adversary’s space capability or the service provided at a time and place of our
choosing through attacks on the space/terrestrial nodes, or links that comprise space systems.
- Defensive Counterspace (DCS) - Operations preserve space capabilities,
withstand enemy attack, restore/recover space capabilities after an attack.
AFDD 1 pages 40-58
- Network combat operations – Integrated planning and employment of military
capabilities to achieve desired effects across the digital battlespace in the information domain
which includes hardware, software, data, and human components. Elements of NCO are
network attack, network defense, and network support.
• Combat Support – The essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks necessary
to create and sustain air and space forces.
• Agile Combat support (ACS) – Timely concentration, employment, and
sustainment of US military power anywhere – at our speed and tempo.
• Expeditionary combat support (ECS) – Includes the essential capabilities,
functions, activities, and tasks, necessary to employ and sustain all elements of
aviation and ground combat operations forces.
• Command and Control (C2) - C2 includes the battlespace management process of
planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations.
• Airlift – The transportation of personnel and materiel through the air.
- Intertheater Airlift - Provides air-bridge that links theaters to the CONUS and to
other theaters, as well as airlift within the CONUS.
- Intratheater Airlift - Provides air movement of personnel and material in an AOR.
- Operational Support Airlift - Provided by assets that are an integral part of a
specific Service, component, or major command and that primarily support the
requirements of the organization to which they are assigned. (AFDD 2-6)

• Air Refueling - Significantly expands the employment options available to a

Air and Space Power Functions (2 of 3) commander by increasing the range, payload, and flexibility of air forces.
F-35 Joint
• Counterland - Operations against enemy land force capabilities to create effects that Strike Fighter (JSF) Tanker KC-X – TBD
achieve JFC objectives. JCA – TBD
- Air Interdiction (AI) – Form of aerial maneuver that destroys, disrupts, diverts, or CSAR X - TBD
delays the enemy’s surface military potential before it can be used effectively against friendly
forces, or otherwise achieve its objectives.
- Close Air Support (CAS) – Direct support to surface forces in contact with enemy
forces; requires detailed integration.
Mission Multi-role
• Countersea - A mission other than those for which a force is primarily organized,
trained, and equipped, that the force can accomplish by virtue of the inherent capabilities of Avionics 24 ch GPS/iNS, CNI, AESA
AN.APG 81
that force. Countersea functions are an extension of Air Force functions into a maritime
Comms UHF, VHF, Datalink
environment.
Speed TBD
• Information Ops - Actions taken to influence, affect, or defend information systems,
and/or decision-making to create effects across the battlespace.
- Influence operations – Ops that employ capabilities to affect behaviors, protect Range (unrefueled) TBD
operations, communicate commander's intent, and project accurate information to achieve
desired effects across the cognitive battlespace. Elements of influence ops include military Weapons JDAM, CBU-105, JSOW, AIM-
120C
deception, counterpropaganda, psychological ops, operations security, counterintelligence,
Counter-measures Stealth
and PA operations.
- Electronic Warfare Ops – Military actions involving the use of electromagnetic and
directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the enemy across the NOTES: IOC: 2013
electromagnetic battlespace. Elements include electronic attack, electronic protection and
electronic warfare support.
 48 – Aircraft in Development 47 –C2-ISR Aircraft
49 – Brigade Combat Teams Development
Air and Space Power Functions (3 of 3)
• Spacelift - Objective is to launch or deploy new and replenishment space assets
as necessary to achieve national security objectives.
- Launch to Deploy - Launches required to initially achieve a satellite system’s
designed operational capability.
- Launch to Sustain - Launches to replace satellites that are predicted to fail or
abruptly fail.
- Launch to Augment - Launches to increase operational capability in response
to contingency requirements, crisis, or war. (AFDD 2-2)

• Special Operations - The use of airpower operations (denied territory mobility,

surgical firepower, and special tactics) to conduct the following special operations
functions: unconventional warfare, direct action, special reconnaissance, counter-
terrorism, foreign internal defense, psychological operations, and counter-
proliferation.
• Intelligence - Provides clear, brief, relevant, and timely analysis on foreign
capabilities and intentions for planning and conducting military operations.
• Surveillance - Function of systematically observing air, space, surface, or
EC-130H RC-135V/W U-2 RQ-4 subsurface areas, places, persons, or things, by visual, aural, electronic,
E-3C Rivet
Sentry E-8C Dragon
Joint-Stars MQ-1Hawk
Compass Call
(AWACS)
Joint
(JSTARS)
Lady Global
Predator
photographic, or other means..
• Reconnaissance - Complements surveillance in obtaining, by visual observation
or other detection methods, specific information about the activities and resources
of an enemy or potential enemy; or in securing data concerning the meteorological,
Command
Mission and Command SIGINTandcollection,
control, Strategic
Ground Surveillance Near-real time
Surveillance, Armed hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular area.
Control jamming, surveillance
analysis, and reconnaissance Battlefield
Recon, intel and
Interdiction
Counterinformation dissemination reconnaissance
Avionics
INS, GPS, JTIDSGPS, Radar, JTIDS, GPS, TADIL-J,
INS, GPS Unmanned
Unmanned • Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) - Consists of those air operations
PDS JTIDS
Sensors Passive SIGINT SAR, GMTI EO, radar,
Optical, EO/IR
EO/IR, & SIGINT
SAR
conducted to recover distressed personnel during wartime or MOOTW.
arrays SIGINT SAR/MTI
Radios 13xUHF (HQ), 3xVHF, 12xUHF (HQ), UHF, Ku-band, C-band
UHF (HQ), VHF, UHF (HQ), VHF, HF, UHF, HF, VHF UHF, X-Band, Ku- • Navigation and Positioning - Provide accurate location and time of
3xHF, 2xSATCOM, KY- 3xVH, 2x HF,
FM, SATCOM SATCOM Band INMARSAT
KY-58
58
KY-58
SATCOM, KY-58 reference in support of strategic, operational, and tactical operations.
Endurance 1,000 NM plus 6 hrs 10 hours 24+ hrs/clean
10 hours 8 hours 3,000 NM plus 9 12,000 miles
(unrefueled) on-station) 14 hr/external stores
hours loiter 28 hours • Weather Services - Supply timely and accurate environmental
Datalink Link 16 Link 16/SCDL w/ LOS, BLOS
Counterinformation JTIDS, IDM, TRAP, Army LOS, BLOS information, including both space environment and atmospheric weather, to
targets
NOTES:HF, UHF, LINK 11, TIBS, Includes (SATCOM) commanders for their objectives and plans at the strategic, operational, and tactical
and data link Purple Net, TADIL crewmembers from levels.
capabilities US Army.
Primarily a RC-135U (COMBAT Night, all weather A high altitude, long
command, control, SENT) collects and capability endurance UA
and analyses ELINT. designed to provide AFDD 1 pages 40-58
communications RC-135S (COBRA coverage of up to
countermeasures BALL) collects data 40,000 nm per day
platform/jammer. on theater and
strategic missiles.
5 - Employing Air Power
Apportionment - Splitting up available air by mission.
Completed by Joint Force Commander (JFC). Applies to all air
assets. Normally done by priority, or can be accomplished via
percentages. For example, 50% Counter Air, 25% AI, 25% CAS.

Allocation - Turns apportionment decision into sorties by

aircraft. Decision made by the Joint Force Air Component
Commander (JFACC). For example, out of 1,000 available
sorties; 100 F- 15E interdiction, 150 F-16 interdiction; 250 F/A-
18 OCA; 150 F-15C DCA, 100 F-16 DCA; 150 F-16 CAS, 100
A-10 CAS.
** Note: USMC air flies in support of MAGTF. Marine
Cmdr may give up excess sorties for tasking by JFACC. He may
also release sorties for long range interdiction after Amphib
Objective Area (AOA) is secure.

Distribution - Completed by Joint Force Land Component

Cmdr (JFLCC) or Corps Cmdr if there is no JFLCC; Divides up
CAS (and CAS only - SEAD & other assets remain theater
assets) among Army MSCs. For example, out of 250 CAS
sorties; 150 to VII Corps (main effort) 50 to XVIII ABN Corps,
0 to III Corps (reserve); 50 held for theater reserve. Corps and
even division may make further sub-distributions to subordinate
lower echelon units.

NATO also has a process called allotment. Allotment divides

the air taskings between the Combined Air Operation Centers
(CAOCs). Then each CAOC Cmdr accomplishes Allocation &
each Corps Cmdr determines Distribution.

46 – SOF Aircraft
 MC-130P
COMBAT SHADOW
EC-130E
COMMANDO SOLO
HH-60G
PAVE HAWK 45 - CAF Aircraft (2 of 2)
F/A – 22 Raptor MQ-9 Reaper B-1B Lancer
(Bone) 6 - Counterland Terms Defined
Mission Clandestine infiltration, PSYOP/CA (radio, TV) CSAR, infiltration, Close Air Support (CAS) - Air action by fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft against
Mission Multi-Role,
exfiltration, Air Superiority
and resupply of C3CM UAV Hunter/Killer SA, AI, CAS
exfiltration,
SOF&by Air-ground
airdrop or airland ops hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and which require
Avionics heloElectronically
air refueling scanned AN/APY-8 Lynx II radar TFR, GPS/INS, SAR detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those
Avionics Radar, Doppler, INS, GPS, INS, GPS GPS/INS/Doppler, forces. (JP 3-09.3) Prioritized targets nominated by Division to Corps to Joint Targeting
Phased array radar
NVG HUD, AUTOCARP
imaging sys FLIR, PLS, NVG
Radios
Comms UHFUHF,(HQ),VHF, Datalink
VHF, FM, HF UHFC-band LOS
(HQ), VHF, FM KY-58 UHF2×UHF (HQ), VHF,
(HQ), VHF, Board. Joint Board further prioritizes list and sends to AOC (USAF) for execution. AOC
SATCOM KY-58 UHF and Ku band Sat FM, SINCGARS
HF SATCOM,(Block receives tasking then tasks AETF via ATO based on JFC apportionment.
-datalink KY-58,
D),PLSHF, SATCOM,  Preplanned CAS - requests via Army S/G3 to S/G3 Air, then to Corps & ASOC--ON ATO
Speed Low Cruise: 240 kts Cruise: 240 kts Cruise:
KY-58120 kts
Max: 300 kts Max: 290 kts Dash: 160 kts
Preplanned Scheduled - hard TOT - will require target updates, etc
Speed Mach 1.8 Supercruise: 2100Cruise
4000 NM NM+
220 kts Cruise: 540-600 kts
225 NM Preplanned on call - airborne/ground alert at specified time. Must specify effects.
Range
1.5M Max 240+ kts Max: Mach 1.2
Air refuelable  Immediate CAS - requests via AF Air Request Net (via USAF TACP at each echelon) to
Range
Weapons TBD 1,655 NM
6 transmitters GAU-2Hi—4,200 NM
7.62 minigun ASOC (USAF). BDA reported back through ASOC or TACPs (PIREPs). Primarily
(unrefueled) 9 fixed antennas 30+ hrs) XM218
(Endurance .50 cal
Hi-Lo-Hi—3,800 NM
sling, hoist filled with on-call assets--NOT ON ATO
Lo—2,000 NM
Counter- RWR, IRWR chaff/flares, N/A RWR, AirIRCM, HIRSS,
refuelable
Air Interdiction (AI) – Air action to delay, disrupt, or destroy the enemy’s surface military
measures chaff/flares potential before it can be used effectively against friendly forces at such distance that detailed
Weapons 2-Aim 9, 6- aim120C 4xAGM-114 84×MK-82
20mm, 2-JDAM 2xGBU-12 30×CBU integration with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required
GBU-38JDAM 24xJDAM Recce - Requests via S/G2 channels.
(3 weapons bays) SEAD - Generally joint responsibility of field artillery, jamming and fixed-wing attack
Counter-Mea Stealth, Low observable Off/Def Syst assets; then S/G3 channels.

B-2ASpirit B-52H Stratofortress EA-6B Prowler

(BUFF) CV-22 AC-130H/U GUNSHIP MC-130E/H MH-53J
Osprey (Spectre/Spooky) COMBAT TALON PAVELOW III

Mission SA, CAS SA, AI, CAS SEAD/Radar jamming

Avionics TF, SAR, GMTI, Doppler, Radar, GPS, Radar, GPS/INS
GPS/INS INS, FLIR, TV, ATP Infil/Exfiltration, CAS, AI, armed recce, Infiltration, exfiltration, Penetration, infiltration,
Radios UHF (HQ), VHF, 2×UHF (HQ), HF, UHF, VHF, HF, (KY-58) Resupply, CSAR point defense, escort, resupply, PSYOP, airland exfiltra-tion, resupply of
HF, SATCOM, SATCOM, VHF, KY-58 surveillance, and/or airdrop, Helo Air SOF forces, CSAR
KY-58 CSAR, LZ/DZ support refueling (MC-130E)
Speed High subsonic Cruise: 360 kts Cruise—420 kts Limited C2
Max: 440 kts Dash—480 kts GPS/INS, NVG, GPS/INS/Doppler, PGM radar, TFR/TAR, GPS/INS, TFR/TAR,
Range Intercontinental 2000 NM++ Ferry—1,200 NM TFR,TAR, FLIR FLIR, LTDs/illuminator GPS/ INS/Doppler, IDS FLIR, NVG
(unrefueled) LLLTV, Strike Radar AUTOCARP, NVG
(U)
Weapons 8×GBU 37 45×MK-82 ALQ-99 Tactical Jammer UHF (HQ), VHF, FM, UHF (HQ), VHF, FM, UHF (HQ), VHF, FM, HF UHF (HQ), VHF, FM,
16×MK-84 24×CBU USQ-113 Comm Jammer Link-16, SATCOM HF SATCOM KY-58 SATCOM KY-58 HF SATCOM KY-58,
16×JDAM/JSOW 12xJDAM AGM-88 HARM PLS
36×CBU 8xCALCM Cruise: 240kts Cruise: 240 kts Low Cruise: 240 kts Dash: 130 kts
84×MK-82 16xWCMD Max: 290 kts Max: 300 kts
4xGBU 28
1100 nm AC-130U: 2000 NM 2700 NM 300 NM
10xGUB 10/12
Air-refuelable AC-130H: 1500 NM Air refuelable Air refuelable
mines/nuclear capable
Air refuelable
Counter-Mea Stealth, Low Offensive/defensive ALE-39, ALQ-167, ALQ- M240 Tail Gun 25mm (U only) BLU-82 GAU-2 7.62 minigun
observable systems 126B 12 SF troops 40mm (100 rds/min) Leaflets XM218
(dedicated EWO) NOTE: Navy aircraft flown 105mm (6 rds/min) .50 cal mgs sling, hoist
by Navy/Air Force IRCM, IRWR, ECM, IRCM, IRWR IRCM, IRWR, ECM RWR
Chaff/Flares ECM Chaff/Flares Chaff/Flares Chaff/flares ECM
E mdl 26 para & 53 airland 27 troop seats
troops 14 litters
H mdl 52 par & 75 airland
troops
Flexible AI - consists of Armed Recce, Killbox AI, Road Recce. Armed Recce and Road
Recce are flown against particular area rather than specific target. Armed recce is normally
flown in areas where lucrative targets are expected to exist.
A/OA-10 F-15C F-15E
Thunderbolt II Eagle Strike Eagle

7 - Command Relationships - Defined

Mission CAS, FAC(A), CSAR, AI OCA/DCA OCA/DCA, AI, SA, CAS
COCOM: Combatant Command. Exercised exclusively by warfighting
unified/specified Combatant Cmdr. Has control over all Avionics GPS/INS, NVG, Pave Penny Radar, AESA, INS, Radar, LANTIRN, TFR,
LTD, ATP JTIDS, NVG GPS/INS, FDL, NVG
assigned/apportioned forces in his theater Radios UHF (HQ), VHF, FM KY-58 2 × UHF (HQ) 2 × UHF (HQ)
Organic: Listed in TOE of parent unit. Normally only the HHC (Hq & Hq CO) KY-56 KY-58
are organic. Gaining unit responsible for complete support of organic unit. Speed Cruise: 300 kts Cruise: 480-540 kts Cruise: 480-540 kts
Assigned: Placed in organization on a permanent basis. Gaining unit has complete Max: 450 kts Max: Mach 2+ Max: Mach 2+
responsibility except that the assigning authority can reassign the forces. Range Ferry: 1,600 NM Ferry: 1,500 NM Ferry: 2,300 NM
(unrefueled) Hi: 800 NM/Lo: 200 NM Hi-Lo-Hi: 1,200 NM Hi-Lo-Hi: 1,200 NM
Attached: Placed in organization on a temporary basis. May be long term.
(+Loiter) Hi-Lo: 1,500 NM Hi-Lo: 1,000 NM
Gaining cmdr has complete responsibility except for personnel
Weapons: 1150 rds 30mm 500 rds 20mm 500 rds 20mm
administration (usually). Other specific limitations may be placed on gaining Air-to-air
Typical 2×AIM-9
Air-to-air Air-to-air
4 x AIM-9 4×AIM-9/4xAIM-120
commander. Load Air-to-ground 4 x AIM-7 (F-15A) Air-to-ground
OPCON: Operational control to tactically move and employ a unit. DOES NOT 6 x MK-82/GBU-12
6 x CBU-87/89
4 x AIM-120 (F-15C) 12 x MK-82/9xGBU-12
4 x MK-84/GBU-10
include logistical support. Losing unit must continue to provide log. support. 2 / 6xAGM-65 2 x GBU-15/AGM130
14 x 2.75” rockets 1 x GBU-28 / 2 xAGM-65
Usually limited by time, mission, or location. (Equiv USAF term - CHOP) 14 x Illum flares 4 x JDAM
TACON: Tactical control. Normally associated with control of unit movements Counter- RWR, ECM, chaff/flare RWR, ECM chaff/flare RWR, ECM chaff/flare
only measures
SUPPORT: (Not a command relationship) Unit aids, protects, complements, or
sustains another unit
F-16C F-16CG F-16CJ
Fighting Falcon(Viper) (Viper) (Viper)
8 - Command Relationships – Table
CAS, AI, OCA/DCA AI, OCA/DCA, CAS, FAC(A) SEAD, OCA/DCA
Radar, GPS/INS, Radar, GPS/INS, LANTIRN, Radar, GPS/INS, LANTIRN,
LANTIRN/LITENING TGP, IDM, NVG IDM, HTS (SEAD), NVG
SADL, NVG
UHF (HQ), VHF UHF (HQ), VHF UHF (HQ), VHF
KY-58 KY-58 KY-58
Cruise: 480-540 kts Cruise: 480-540 kts Cruise: 480-540 kts
Max: Mach 2+ Max: Mach 2+ Max: Mach 2+
Ferry: 1,000 NM Ferry: 1,000 NM Ferry: 1,000 NM
Hi-Lo-Hi: 350 NM Hi-Lo-Hi: 350 NM Hi-Lo-Hi: 350 NM
Hi: 500 NM Hi: 500 NM Hi: 500 NM
Lo: 250 NM Lo: 250 NM Lo: 250 NM
510 rds 20mm 510 rds 20mm 510 rds 20mm
Air-to-air Air-to-air Air-to-air
2 x AIM-9/4 × AIM-120 2 x AIM-9 / 4 x AIM-120 2 x AIM-9 / 4 x AIM-120
Air-to-ground Air-to-ground Air-to-ground
6 x MK-82/GBU-12 6 x Mk-82/GBU-12 2 x AGM-88
2 x MK-84/GBU-10 2 x MK-84/GBU-10 2 x JDAM
4 x CBU / 2 x AGM-65 4 x CBU / 2 x AGM-65
RWR, ECM chaff/flare RWR, ECM chaff/flare RWR, ECM, chaff/flare

FM 3-0 Fig 2-3

9 - Army Doctrine
Tenets of Army Operations
Initiative - seize the offensive 43 - MAF Capabilities
Agility - act faster
Depth - time, space, resources
C-5A C-5B C-17 C-130H KC-10 747-200F
Synchronization - focus at AIRLIFT AIRCRAFT
COMPARISON

decisive point/time 1. MAX TAKEOFF 2.25G

GROSS WEIGHT (LBS) 2.5G
769,000
769,000
769,000
769,000
570,000
523,000
175,000
155,700
..............
593,000
................
836,000

Versatility - diverse mission 2. OPR WT EMPTY (LBS)

3. MAX ACL (LBS) 2.25G
372,5000
261,000
374,000
261,000
236,600
172,200
80,000
50,000
244,500
............
344,300
.............

requirements 2.5G
4. MAX PALLET/PAX LOAD
197,500
36/329
216,000
36/329
140,800
18/102
43,000
5.5/92
169,500
27/75
243,000
50/364

Dynamics of Combat Power 5. WARTIME PALOAD

DELIVERED 2,900 NM (LBS)
188,000 188,000 172,200 22,000 169,500 243,000

Maneuver Firepower 6. RANGE (NM)

WITH MAX ACL
2.25G
2.5G
1650
2600
1530
2250
2940
2840
3000
1000
......
3100
......
3600

Protection Information 7. FERRY RANGE (NM)

8. AVG CRUISE SPEED/MACH
6200
450/.77
6200
450/.77
5290
450/.77
4200
280/.46
9800
481/.82
7300
490/.84

Leadership (Most important) 9. TO GND RUN (FT):

10. LND ROLL (FT): MAX ACL &
7780
2750
7800
2780
7600
1880
4700
2400
9300
2800
8800
5900
500 NMS FUEL (SL/STD DAY)
Operational Framework: 11. AMC MIN WARTIME
RUNWAY LXW (FT)
5000x90 5000x90 3500x90 3000x60 6000x90 7400x90

Area of Operations 12. MIN 180 DEGREE TURN FT

13. AIRCRAFT SIZE: LENGTH
143
248
143
248
90
175.2
47
100
142
182
142
232
Battlespace (FT)
HEIGHT
W ING SPAN 223
65
223
65
171
55
133
39
165
58
196
63
Battlefield Organization 14. CARGO
(FT)
COM PT: WIDTH
HEIGHT
19
13.5
19
13.5
18
12.3
10.2
9
18
8
19.4
10
- Decisive Ops LENGTH (INCLUDE RAMPS)
15. THRUST (LBS)
144.7
41,000
144.7
41,000
88
40,700
52
4,300 (SHP)
125
52,500
185
52,500
- Shaping Ops FM 3-0
- Sustaining Ops
* Establishes an area of geographic and operational responsibility and provides a way for commanders to visualize how to employ forces against the enemy

44 - CAF Aircraft (1 of 2)
42 - Mobility Aircraft 10 - Campaign Planning JP 5-0
Aircraft Cargo Range Air Refuel Remarks
C-130 Bulk/Pallet Short No Most back in AMC
C-5 Outsize Long Yes
C-17 Outsize Long Yes Buying 222
CRAF Bulk/Pallet Long No Little cargo-Mostly PAX
Oversize: Larger than a 463L pallet but will fit on a C-17 (i.e., rotor blades).
Outsize: Will only fit in a C-5 or C-17 (i.e., M-1 tank).
Bulk: Within Usable dimensions of 463L pallet and within height restrictions of particular aircraft

CRAF (Civil Reserve Air Fleet) Initiating Authority

Stage 1 (77* acft) COMTRANSCOM w/SECDEF App
Stage 2 (210* acft) “ “ “
Stage 3 (504* acft) “ “ “

All airlift is a tradeoff of range versus cargo. Airlift closure is limited by

ground handling capability (fuel, parking, MHE personnel).
* As of 1 Apr 98. Numbers vary Considerations: Command & Control / Intel/ SOF/ Political Situation / Basing
rights / Available lodgment/Forces available / Forces required / Time to close
(air/sea)/ Logistics / LOCs / Host Nation Support / CMO/ Centers of Gravity /
Culminating Points
 11 - U.S. Army Branches 13 – Army Vision 2010

Combat Combat
Arms Support
Infantry Armor Cavalry Field Special
Air
Artillery Forces
Defense

M MP CA
Chemical MilI Intel Military Police Aviation Engineer Signal Civil Affairs

Combat
Service SP SP SP SP
Support T
Ordnance Quarter Trans T
Chaplain Finance T
JAG T
IG Med
Master Dept

12 - Command / Staff
Coordinating Staff
CO - Commander
XO - Executive Officer
S1/G1/J1 - Personnel / Admin
S2/G2/J2 - Intelligence
S3/G3/J3 - Operations
S4/G4/J4 - Logistics/Support
G5 - Civil Affairs (Div & Corps)
J5 – Strategy and Analysis (JFCOM)
J6 – C4Systems (JFCOM)
J7 – Joint Training and War-fighting (JFCOM)
J8 – Requirements and Integration (JFCOM)
J9 – Joint Experimentation (JFCOM)
S @ Battalion/Brigade
G @ Division/Corps
Dep Ch of Staff for _____ @ Army
www.us-army-info.com
Special Staff
Engineer, ADA, FSCOORD, ALO,
Signal, etc - technical/professional staff
Personal Staff
SJA, CSM, IG, PAO, Chaplain, Aides, etc
Note:
Staff has no authority except as delegated.
Chain of command runs from CO to CO.
Chief of Staff runs the staff
S3/G3 is prominent staff position.
Army Vision 2010 is the conceptual template for how the United States Army will
channel the vitality and innovation of its soldiers and civilians and leverage
technological opportunities to achieve new levels of effectiveness as the land
component member of the joint war-fighting team.
40 - Navy
Elements of Maritime Strategy:
1) Strategic Deterrence
2) Forward Presence
3) Crisis Response
4) Force Reconstitution
**Note: Sealift is not a part of Maritime strategy
Navy Mission: To maintain, train and equip combat-ready naval
forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression and maintaining
freedom of the seas.
Functions: Sea Control, Power Projection, Strategic Sealift
Currently 12 Carrier Battle Groups (CVBG), 70 Attack Subs; 18 ICBM Subs
CVBG has: F-14 (14), F/A-18 (36), E-2C (5), EA-6B (4), S-3 (10), SH-60 (10)
12 or 14 UE squadrons (i.e. 1 F-14 sqdn, 3 F/A-18 sqdns)
 MEU-SOC is not part of USSOCOM

41 - Munitions
39 – USSOCOM
USAF Special Operations Forces:
AFSOC A/C (see section 46)
EC-137D – SOCOM Command Aircraft
Special Tactics Teams – Combat Controller, Pararescue & Combat WX
Combat Aviation Advisors – Air unconventional warfare
Army Special Operations Forces:
Rangers -WW deployable light infantry. 24-72 hr sustainment (75th RGR RGT)
Special Operations Aviation - Infil/Exfil Helicopters & DA Helos (160th AV BN)
Special Forces - Conduct peacetime, contingency, and war special recon,
Foreign Internal Defense (FID), Nation Assistance: 12 man teams, language/
cultural proficiency.
Civil affairs and PSYOPS
Navy Special Operations Forces:
SEALs - Sea, air, and land infil/exfil; special recon, direct action, Special Boat
Units, Underwater Boat Units
Marine Corps: Marine SOCOM Detachment One, Size still under consideration.

Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC): Studies special operations

requirements and techniques; ensures interoperability and equipment
standardization; plans and conducts joint special operations exercises and training;
and develops joint special operations tactics.

38 - Marines 14 - Commander’s Estimate

Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) comes in the following types:
• Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) – 2,000 – 2,500/15 DOS
Intel Est (sit temp)
• Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) – 13,500 – 18,000/30 DOS Mission from higher MISSION ANALYSIS
Restated Mission
Facts, assumptions, analysis of higher
• Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) – 30 – 60,000/60 DOS Msn Analysis brief
Cmdr’s Guidance
• Special Purpose MAGTF - Manning / Sustainment is Msn dependent Warning Order
Restated Mission
COURSE OF ACTION DEVELOPMENT (init)
Analyze force ratios
Each includes a Comm Element (CE), Ground Combat Element (GCE), Cmdr’s Guidance Array initial forces
COA
statement/sketch
Aviation Combat Element (ACE), Combat Service Support Element (CSSE). Develop scheme of maneuver COA brief
Each is tailored to meet the specific threat. Intel Est (sit temp) Prepare COA statement/sketch
Synch Matrix
Event Temp
Cdr approves COA Log estimate
Marine Corps Mission: COA ANALYSIS & War game brief
COMPARISON Decision matrix(s)
1) Seizure / Defense of forward naval bases COA statement/sketch
War gaming COA/decision brief
2) Forced entry from sea Synch Matrix (wargame)
COA comparison
Recommendation
Decision Support
temp
3) Guard the Navy Warning Order (final)
4) Lead agency for amphibious operations Event Temp. DECISION & EXECUTION OPLAN/OPORD brief
Written
Cmdr’s Intent OPLAN/OPORD
Marines - Marine Expeditionary Unit Special Ops Capable (MEU-SOC)
 FM 5-0 17 – Mission Analysis (17 Steps)
1. Analyze HHQ Order/Plan
2. Conduct Initial IPB
15 - Types of Orders / Cmdr’s Intent 3. Determine Specified, Implied & Essential Tasks
Principle Types of Orders 4. Review Available Assets
Operation Order (OPORD) - How to do mission 5. Determine Constraints
Warning Order - Heads-up/planning time to subordinate staff
Frag Order (FRAGO) - Subset of OPORD tailored to specific unit
6. ID Critical Facts & Assumptions
7. Conduct Risk Assessment
4 key elements of OPORD 8. Determine Initial CCIR
- Friendly forces available (task organization) 9. Determine Initial Recon Annex
- Commander’s intent - see below
- Concept of Ops (How) 10.Plan use of available time
- Overlay (map) 11.Write the Restated Mission
Commander’s Intent - Bottom line is that you have subordinates one and 12.Conduct Mission Analysis Brief
two levels down that know the general idea of what must be accomplished in the 13.CDR approves Restated Mission
fight and why. They know what the battlefield should look like at the end of the 14.Develop CDR’s Initial Intent
engagement--how and where friendly forces are arrayed in regards to the enemy
and the terrain. 15.Issue CDR’s Guidance
Provides: Purpose (why) 16.Issue Warning Order
Method (Form of maneuver/Pattern of defense)
End State (Where you want to be when complete. Friendly
17.Review Facts & Assumptions
Enemy and Terrain) FM 100-5 FM 5-0

16 – Military Decision Making Process 36 - Chain of Command

SECDEF

1. Receipt of Mission Joint Force Cdr (COCOM or JTF Cdr)

CJCS Services
2. Mission Analysis
3. Course of Action Development Land Comp. Cdr Air Comp. Cdr

4. Course of Action Analysis (LCC)

5. Course of Action Comparison Maritime Comp. Cdr Spec. Ops Forces

(SOF)/JSOTF
6. Course of Action Approval
7. Orders Production Marine Air Gnd Task Force (MAGTF)

Notes: Warfighting COCOMs report directly to SECDEF; Services provide

FM 5-0 forces and sustainment to warfighting COCOMs, as do supporting COCOMs,
(USSOCOM / USTRANSCOM for example)
 CLASS I - Subsistence (Food)/Water
CLASS II - Clothing, Tents
CLASS III - POL (packaged and bulk)
37 - Roles, Missions, . . .
CLASS IV - Construction/Engineer/Obstacle
CLASS V - Ammo
CLASS VI - Personal Demand (Liquor store)
CLASS VII - Major end items (tanks, etc)
CLASS VIII - Medical (handled in separate distro
channels)
CLASS IX - Repair Parts
CLASS
Sometimes water isX
not-included
Nonmilitary support/CMO
in class I - it’s just called water (imagine that)

35 - Ends, Ways & Means

National Purpose = constant, enduring values, e.g. freedom
National Interests = needs and wants, desires, intentions
Objectives = more tangible, fundamental aims, what we want to do
ArmyStudyGuide.com
34 - Classes of Supply Policies = course of action to obtain objective
Commitments = tangible statements/agreements, treaties
Programs = specific, defined actions, allocates resources

18 - IPB & Threat Evaluation FM 34-130

IPB is the best process we have for understanding the battlefield and the options it
presents to friendly and threat forces.
IPB is a systematic, continuous process of analyzing the threat and environment in a
specific geographic area. It is designed to support staff estimates and military
decision making. Applying the IPB process helps the commander selectively apply
and maximize his combat power at critical points in time and space on the
battlefield by—
o Determining the threat's likely COA.
o Describing the environment your unit is operating within and the
effects of the environment on your unit.
Four steps which you perform each time you conduct IPB:
1. Define the battlefield environment.
2. Describe the battlefield's effects.
3. Evaluate the threat.
4. Determine threat COAs.
The IPB process is continuous. You conduct IPB prior to and during the command's
initial planning for an operation, but you also continue to perform IPB during the
conduct of the operation. Each function in the process is performed continuously to
ensure that--
o The products of IPB remain complete and valid.
o You provide support to the commander and direction to the
intelligence system throughout the current mission and into
preparation for the next.
Battlefield Area Evaluation = Area of Interest (AI) & Area of Operation (AO)
Terrain Analysis – (OCOKA)
Observation and Fire, Cover and Concealment, Obstacles, Key
Terrain, Avenues of Approach/Mobility Corridors
*Determine Unrestricted, Restricted, Severely Restricted terrain
(depends on unit)
Doctrinal Template - Arrays enemy forces by doctrinal formations disregarding
Weather and Terrain
Situation Template = COO + Doctrinal Template + Current Intel
How enemy might deploy based upon weather, terrain, obstacles, current strength
Event Template - Depicts locations where critical events are expected to occur.
Helps to identify High Value Targets (HVT) through use of Named Areas of Interest
(NAI). NAI’s are points where enemy activity or lack thereof will confirm or deny
an enemy COA.
Decision Support Template (DST) - Depicts decision points and TAI’s keyed to
significant events and activities. Target Area of Interest (TAI) is a point which, if
interdicted, will cause enemy to change or abandon his COA to our favor.
19 - METT-TC FM 5-0
Mission:
1. What are the missions of my unit (specified, implied, essential tasks)?
2. What are the implications of my mission?
3. Are correct tasks assigned to subordinates?
Enemy:
1. What is the enemy’s composition and capability?
2. What is the enemy’s strength? Weakness? Center of Gravity?
3. What is the enemy’s disposition (location, mood, status of logistics)?
4. How will the enemy react to my plan?
Terrain (and Weather)
1. What effect will current weather, weather changes have on terrain?
2. Is there enough space for units to maneuver; will terrain support
maneuver?
Troops Available:
1. What types of forces are available?
2. What is the state of training, strength, logistics?
3. What are the capabilities of subordinate and support elements?
Time:
1. How much time is there to plan the mission?
2. How much time is there before the operation begins?
3. How much time will it take the enemy to close?
4. How much time will it take our forces to get there?
5. How much time is available for reconstitution?
6. How long will it take to prepare logistically (fuel, arm, move supplies)?
Civilian Concerns
1. Likelihood of Civilian Contact
2. Possibility of Civilians Affecting Mission
3. Mission effects on local civilian populations
33- Combat Service Support (CSS)FM 5-0
     Sustaining operations are operations at any echelon that 
enable shaping and decisive operations by providing combat 
service support, rear area and base security, movement control, 
terrain management, and infrastructure development.
 
 For combat service support (CSS), commanders consider—
• CSS priorities in terms of tactical logistics functions 
30 - Force Projection Processes:
Characteristics: Mobilization
(manning, fueling, Precision Deployment
      fixing, arming, moving the force, sustaining soldiers and their  Synchronization Employment
systems). Speed Sustainment
• Positioning of key CSS assets and bases. Relative Information Redeployment
• Medical treatment, medical evacuation, and casualty 
evacuation.
• Anticipated requirements & prestockage of Class III, IV, and  31 - Sustainment
V supplies. National Sustainment Base
• Controlled supply rates. GSA (General Services Admin) manages all common federal items
DLA (Defense Logistics Agency) manages all DOD common items
• Guidance on construction and provision of facilities and  AMC (Army Materiel Command) manages Army peculiar equipment
installations. NSC (Naval Systems Command) manages Navy specific equipment
Characteristics: AFMC (Air Force Materiel Command) manages USAF specific equipment
Functions: USTRANSCOM is responsible for the movement of people and material
Maintenance Responsiveness MTMC, USAF AMC, and MSC are subordinate to USTRANSCOM
Transportation - MTMC (Military Traffic Mgmt Command) plans/coords inland transport to/from
Simplicity APOE(D)/SPOE(D) and is the traffic manager (HHG) for DOD
Supply Flexibility - AMC (Air Mobility Command) plans/executes air deployments, air terminals and CRAF
Combat Health Support (CHS) Attainability - MSC (Military Sealift Command) plans/coords sea movements, reserve fleet single
Field Services manager of ocean transport
Sustainability
Explosive Ordinance Disposal Survivability
(EOD) Economy 32 - BCT Concept of Support
Human Resources Support Integration
Financial Management Operations
Religious Support Support Organization Methods
Key concepts
Legal Supportfor CSS Echelon - Bde FSB, Div MSB
Band Support
Support Commander’s Intent Area - BSA, DSA, CSA
Support Well Forward
Use Logistics form other sources Critical Supplies (35MM)
Leadership Class III (bulk POL)
Class V (ammo)
CSS Distribution Maintenance
Supply Point - You pick up Medical
Unit Distribution - They bring to you
Throughput - Their supplier brings Basic Load - What you can carry
direct to you (skipping a level).
e.g. Corps brings fuel to a Bn
 DI Corps
V

20 - COA Statement/Sketch
COA Statement includes:
o Mission - What, When, Where, Why 22 – Mission Tasks / Effects
Ambush: A surprise attack by fire from concealed positions on a moving to temporarily halted enemy.
o Scheme of Maneuver by elements Attack by Fire: A tactical msn task in which a Cdr uses direct fires, supported by indirect fires, to engage an enemy with out closing with him to
of Battlefield Framework destroy, suppress, fix, or deceive him.
Breach: A tactical msn task in which the unit employs all available means to break through or secure a passage through an enemy defense,
o Main effort obstacle, minefield, or fortification.
Block: Denies the enemy access to an area or prevents his advance in a direction or along an avenue of approach.
o Key to enemy defeat Bypass: A tactical msn task in which the unit maneuvers around an obstacle, position, or enemyforce to maintain the momentum of the opn while
o Risk deliberately avoiding combat with an enemy force.
Canalize: The cdr restricts enemy movement to a narrow zone by exploiting terrain coupled with the use of obstacles, fires, or friendly maneuver.
Clear: The commander removes all enemy forces and eliminates organized resistance within an assigned area.
Contain: Requires the cdr to stop, hold, or surround enemy forces or to cause them to center their activity on a given front and prevent them from
COA Sketch includes: withdrawing any part of their forces for use elsewhere.
MSC Boundaries, Control Measures, Counterattack: A form of attack by part or all of a defending force against an enemy attacking force, with the general objective of denying the
enemy his goal in attacking.
Allocated Forces, Main Effort, Shaping Delay: Slow and defeat as much of the enemy as possible without sacrificing the tactical integrity of the unit; presents low risk to the unit.
Efforts, ID Key Terrain, Decision Graphics Destroy: Physically renders an enemy force combat-ineffective until it is reconstituted. To destroy a combat system is to damage it so badly that it
cannot perform any function or be restored to a usable condition without being entirely rebuilt.
Disrupt: Cdr integrates direct and indirect fires, terrain, and obstacles to upset an enemy formation or tempo, interrupt his timetable, or cause his
forces to commit prematurely or atk in a piecemeal fashion.
Task and Purpose: Fix: Commander prevents the enemy from moving any part of his force from a specific location for a specific period.
Disrupt, Delay, Fix, Destroy, Canalize, etc. Follow and Assume: A 2nd committed force follows a force conducting an offesnive opn. and is prepared to cont. the msn if the lead force is fixed,
FM 5-0 attritted, or unable to cont.
Follow and Support: A committed force follows and supports a lead force conducting an offensive operation.
Infiltration: Entails movement through or into an area occupied by an enemy or friendly force by small groups or individuals at extended or irregular
intervals in which contact with then enemy is avoided.
Interdict: Commander prevents, disrupts, or delays the enemy's use of an area or route.

21 – Common Operational Tasks Isolate: Requires a unit to seal off-both physically and psychologically-an enemy from his sources of support, deny him freedom of movement, and
prevent him from having contact with other enemy forces.
Lane: A route through an enemy or friendly obstacle that provides a passing force safe passage. The route may be reduced and proofed as part of a
breach opn. or constructed as part of a friendly obstacle. It is a clear route that moves all the way through an obstacle.Main Effort: The activity, unit,
or area that commanders determine to be the most important task at the time. (FM 3-0, dtd. June 2001)
Neutralize: results in rendering enemy personnel or materiel incapable of interfering with a particular operation.
Occupy: Moving a friendly force into an area so that it can control that area. Both the force's movement to and occupation of the area occur with out
enemy opposition.
Penetrate: A form of maneuver in which an attacking force seeks to rupture enemy defenses on a narrow front to disrupt the defensive system.
29 - Offense (Forms of Maneuver)
Relief in place: A tactical enabling opn in which, by the direction of higher authority, all or part of a unit is replaced in an area by the incoming unit.
Retain: A tactical msn task in which the cdr ensures that a terrain feature controlled by a friendly force remains free of enemy occupation or use.
Retirement: A form of retrograde in which a force out of contact with the enemy moves away from the enemy.
Envelopment - Preferred form. Attacker avoids main enemy force, strikes in
Secure: Involves preventing a unit, facility, or geographical location from being damaged or destroyed as a result of enemy action. lightly guarded flank/rear. (Brigade or larger)
Security Operations: Opns undertaken by a cdr to provide early and accurate warning of enemy opns, to provide the force being protected with
time and maneuver space within which to react to the enemy, and to develop the situation to allow the commander to effectively use the protected
force. Turning Movement - Attacker seeks to pass around enemy, avoid main force,
Screen: A form of security operations that primarily provides early warning to the protected force.
Cover: A form of security opns whose primary task is to protect the main body by fighting to gain time while also observing and reporting info and secure objective in rear. Forces enemy to abandon prepared position/divert
preventing enemy ground observation of and direct fire against the main body.
Guard: A form of security opns whose primary task is to protect the main body by fighting to gain time while also observing and reporting info and
forces. (Div or larger)
preventing enemy ground observation of and direct fire against the main body. Units conducting a guard msn cannot operate independently because
they rely upon fires and cs assets of the main body.
Seize: A tactical mission task that involves taking possession of a designated area by using overwhelming force. Infiltration - Attacker reaches enemy rear without fighting thru. Covert.
Support byFire: A maneuver force moves to a position where it can engage the enemy by direct fire in support of another maneuvering force.
Turn: Involves forcing an enemy element from one avenue of approach or movement corridor to another.
(Bn or smaller)
Withdraw: a form of retrograde, is a planned operation in which a force in contact disengages from an enemy force.

Definitions are from FM 3-90, dtd. July 2001 or FM 101-5-1, dtd. Sept. 1997 unless otherwise stated.
Penetration - Attacker concentrates forces to break thru, holds shoulders of gap,
counterinsurgency (JP 1-02)- Those military, paramilitary, political, economic, psychological, and civic advances rapidly thru to secure obj, destroy/disorganize enemy. (any size unit)
actions taken by a government to defeat insurgency. See FMs 31-20 and 100-20.
stability and support operations (SASO) - Use of military capabilities for any purpose other than war.
Frontal Attack - Attacker strikes enemy across broad front and via most direct
humanitarian assistance (HA) (JP 1-02) - Programs conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural
or man-made disasters or other endemic conditions such as human pain, disease, hunger, or privation that approaches. Least desirable. (any size unit)
might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property.
Humanitarian assistance provided by US forces is limited in scope and duration. The assistance provided Offensive Operations: Movement to contact - close on enemy
is designed to supplement efforts of civilian authorities or agencies that may have primary responsibility
for providing humanitarian assistance. See FMs 8-42 and 100-20.
Attack – Hasty or Deliberate
military operations other than war (MOOTW) (JP 1-02) - (Joint term only) Operations that Exploitation - Take advantage of success
encompass the use of military capabilities across the range of military operations short of war. These Pursuit - Chase enemy in retreat
military actions can be applied to complement any combination of the other instruments of national
power and occur before, during, and after war.
peace operations (JP 1-02) - Encompasses peacekeeping operations and peace enforcement operations
FM 101-5-1
conducted in support of diplomatic efforts to establish and maintain peace.

28 – Offense 26 - Fire Coordination Measures

Characteristics: Permissive:
Fire Support Coord Line (FSCL) -
Surprise air/surface weapons can employ beyond
Concentration w/o coord with affected cmdr (no fire effects
Tempo inside FSCL w/o coord). Air attacks inside
Audacity FSCL are usually CAS; outside are usually
AI (theater dependent). However,
Offensive operations seek to seize, doctrinally CAS & AI can be on either side
retain, and exploit the initiative to of the FSCL.
defeat the enemy decisively. Free Fire Area - specific area where surface
fire can fire without coord.
Additional offensive tasks include
disrupting enemy coherence, Killbox: - methodology defined as a 3-D area reference that enables timely,
effective coordination and control and facilities rapid attacks; used to create a
securing or seizing terrain, denying “digital FSCL”
the enemy resources, fixing the Restrictive:
enemy, and gaining information. Restrictive Fires Line (RFL) – No fire inside line without coord w/gnd cmdr
Restrictive Fire area – No fire in area without coord
No Fire Area – No fire or fire effects
 B. Intel H. C4 Operations
C. Operations I. Service Support
D. Fire Support J. NBC Operations
JP 3-09.3 F. Engineer P. Public Affairs FM 5-0

27 – Defense 24 Theater Air-Ground Operating System

Operations conducted with the immediate purpose of causing an enemy attack to
fail. Defensive operations also may achieve one or more of the following: gain time;
concentrate forces elsewhere; wear down enemy forces as a prelude to offensive
operations; and retain tactical, strategic, or political objectives.

Types:
Mobile - Focus on destroying the enemy by permitting him to advance into a
position that exposes him to counterattack
Area - Focus on the retention of terrain by drawing the enemy into an interlocking
series of positions and destroying him largely by fires
Retrograde – Move friendly forces away from the enemy to gain time, preserve
forces, place the enemy in unfavorable positions, or avoid combat under
undesirable conditions

Deception Operations Characteristics

Preparation
Feint (Contact)
Security
Demonstration (Show of force)
Disruption
Ruse (Tricks, no contact) JP 3-09
Massing Effects
Display (Simulation, portrayal)
Flexibility FM 101-5-1

23 - OPLAN Organization 25 – Mission Graphics (1 of 4) FM 101-5-1

Characteristics of a good OPLAN: Critical facts and

assumptions, authoritative expression, positive expression, avoid qualified
directives, balance, simplicity, brevity, clarity, completeness, coordination,
flexibility, timeliness.

Paragraphs
1. SITUATION – Enemy, Friendly, Environment, Attachments and
Detachments, Assumptions
2. MISSION – Restated mission
3. EXECUTION – Intent, Concept of Ops, Tasks, Instructions
4. SERVICE SUPPORT – Support concept, Materiel, Health, Personnel
5. COMMAND & SIGNAL

Annexes
A. Task Organization G. Air & Missile Defense
 Ambush Occupy
D O
Disrupt

Attack by Fire Penetrate

F Fix
RIP Relief in place
Breach Follow and Assume

R Retain
Block Follow and Support
Retirement
EN
R
Bypass
Infiltration Secure
S
C
Canalize EN

S S Security S-Screen
Clear I Interdict C-Cover G-Guard

S Seize
C EN Contain Isolate
I
Lane Support by Fire
Counterattack
Main Effort
Delay T
D Turn
D Destroy N Neutralize W Withdraw

FM 101-5-1
Ambush
D O Occupy
www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm Map Graphics (4 of 4)
Map Graphics (2 of 4)
Disrupt

Attack by Fire Penetrate

F Fix
RIP Relief in place
Breach Follow and Assume

R Retain
Block Follow and Support
Retirement
EN
R
Bypass
Infiltration Secure
S
C
Canalize EN

S S Security S-Screen
Clear I Interdict C-Cover G-Guard

S Seize
C EN Contain Isolate
I
Lane Support by Fire
Counterattack
Main Effort
Delay T
D Turn
D Destroy N Neutralize W Withdraw

Map Graphics (3 of 4) FM 101-5-1