introduction Krisna Efrata / 141214005

Mother tongue affect in speaking English

Language is used by all people in the world to communicate with others. Not only
human but also animals have a language to communicate with the other. However in our
world have many countries and every country has their own language. Language is very
awesome because it can influence many aspects like habit, place, and culture. A researcher
said “Language is a structurally different system” it means that every language has its own
system that might not be the same with other language. The system includes: phonemes,
morphemes, words, sentences and clear sentences varieties, definite parts of speech, systems,
meaning, etc. Every country has a different language system because every country has a
different system.

In the other hand, in this era of globalization the people must know about language,
because language is very necessary to make them still alive. But as we know that every
country has own language, not only country but every district has a difference language. So,
in this era of globalization our world has an international language. English is an international
language, so all people in the world can communicate very well. However, not every people
can speak English correctly, because every people have their own mother tongue. Mother
tongue can affect an aspect to speak English, like in pronunciation.

Pronunciation is very important when we are speaking, because when we not speak
with the correct pronunciation it can make the listener listen the different meaning, and if the
listeners listen the different meaning it can make the miss understanding between the speaker
and listener. For example when “A” asked for “B” to take something, like A said A “can you
put my duck into my wok ?” but if A not saying correctly it can make B miss understanding
and like listen a “dog” or something. So pronunciation is important while you are speaking to
other people.

Every people in the world have their own language and they also have their own
characters in their language. Indonesia has different consonant pronunciation with English.
Especially in consonant /r/ Indonesia and English are difference while they are pronouncing
it. In Indonesia when they are pronouncing /r/ they use strong voice but English people are
not, they are pronouncing /r/ with a low voice, sometimes they lost it.

Language is very important in our life there is to communicate with the other. As we
know that every country has own language but when we want to can communicate with the
other country we must learn about English. However native language is influence when the
people speak English. Especially Indonesian people, they have different /r/ when they
pronounce with English. So in this Essay I want to tell you about Indonesian people’s
mastery of English consonant /r/.

The Article

http://www.internationalinnovation.com/how-does-the-mother-tongue-affect-second-languag
e-acquisition/

www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/viewFile/7875/7883

www.ecdip.org/docs/pdf/UNESCO%20Mother-tongue%20based%20EY%202010-1.pdf

www.unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002122/212270e.pdf

www.ir.cuea.edu/jspui/bitstream/1/95/1/Julius%20Angoli%20Atetwe.pdf

Research question

Does first language interfere Indonesoam people in pronouncing English words?

 Literature review of Mother tongue influence the speaker in
speaking English
Theories and approaches

Mother tongue is the languages a person has been exposed to from birth or within the
critical period​, or that a person speaks the best and so is often the basis for ​sociolinguistic
(Wikipedia2016). It means that mother tongue is the first language and most long period to
uses the language. Mother tongue always used when the people speak in their area and when
they speak with their friends who are from same language or know about their language.
Every people have a difference pronunciation when they speak English, especially the people
who are not have mother tongue of English. They cannot pronounce English very well.
Pronouncing English is not only pronounce but it must concern from many aspect like in
Linguistic. Linguists have observed that since languages are constantly subjected to change
due to its flaccid state, one cannot exclusively claim that they speak perfect English or any
other language as of that (Choroleeva K, 2012). Every language has a difference rule, so it
can influence the native speaker in speak English correctly.

Rule of every language are difference, in English has their own rule to pronounce the
latters or words. Both English and Bahasa Indonesia have their own system that distinct one
from another. English has 24 consonants, there are p, b, t, d, k, g, s, z, h, ∫, t∫, d , , m, n, ,
, w, j, l, r, , f, v. Indonesia has different consonant, they are p, b, T, D, , ᵈ, k, g, ?, s, ∫,
, H, t∫, d , m, N, , , ᵑ, l, r, X, w, j. Even though both of them are have a same consonant
but not all consonant can produce and pronounce same. So both of them are having their own
rules when they are pronounce and produce.

Theories of second language acquisition are central to the current focus on mother
tongue-based bi/ multilingual learning. The behaviorist approach, referred to as the
„contrastive hypothesis‟ (Fries, 1945; Lado, 1957), assumes that the same processes of
positive reinforcement that influence first language acquisition support the learning of second
or additional languages. Brown (2000) claims that “The principle barrier to second languages
acquisition is the interference of the first languages system with the second language system”.
Whilest, storkle, (2013) confirms that “since the learner tends to transfer the habits of his
native language structure to the foreign language, we have here the major source of difficulty
or ease in learning this structure of foreign language”. People have many kind to acquisition
the second language and also people can’t use many language in our brain, people can’t leave
and losing the mother tongue easily.