Universidad Politécnica Salesiana-Sede Cuenca.

MULTI-TOUCH SCREEN
Javier Cordero, Jonnathan Pintado, Jonnathan Rodriguez
jcordero@est.ups.edu.ec, jpintadoy@est.ups.edu.ec, jrodriguez@est.ups.edu.ec,
Universidad Politécnica Salesiana - Sede Cuenca
Sensores y Transistores

ABSTRACT: In this project a small multitouch screen will be
realized by BC547 transistors of low sensitivity of light where
it will be programmed by means of a mega Arduino.
I. OBJECTIVES
Objective General:
 Design and implement a Touch screen
.
Depending on the technology they use, there are three types of
touch screens commonly used:
 Resistive:
"They are cheaper and do not affect the dust or salt water and,
in addition to being more precise, can be used with a pointer or
finger. However, they have up to 15% less brightness and are
thicker, so they are being replaced by others in mobile devices
that require a size and an adjusted weight and greater brightness
on the screen due to the possibility of being exposed to the
direct sunlight. " [2]

II. INTRODUCTION

Touch screens are becoming the boom of the technology with

respect to graphic screens, we see the use of controllers, which
capture the information perceived on the screen and in turn
process it to later deliver the information to the Microcontroller.
The touch screen can be resistive, capacitive or wave surface,
this will depend on the use or application that is going to be
used for handling information.
III. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
 Touch Screen
"Touch Screen (Touch Screen) is a screen that by a direct touch
on its surface allows the entry of data and commands to the
device, and in turn shows the results previously entered; acting
as a peripheral of data entry and exit, as well as erroneous
interim data emulator by not touching effectively. This contact
can also be made by means of a stylus or other similar tools. "
[1]
Image 2. Resistive screen.
 Capacitive:
"Based on capacitive sensors, they consist of a layer of
electrical insulation, like glass, covered with a transparent
conductor, such as the ITO (tin-doped indium oxide), as the
human body is also an electrical conductor, touching the surface
of the screen results in a distortion of the electrostatic field of
the screen, which is measured by the change in capacitance
(electrical capacity). Different technologies can be used to
determine in which position of the screen the touch was made."
"The position is sent to the controller for processing. The image
quality is better, they have better response and some allow the
use of several fingers at once (multitouch). However, they are
more expensive and cannot be used with normal pointer, but
with a special one for capacitive screens. " [2]

Image 1. Example of Touch Screen.

 Types of Touch Screen.

Image 3. Capacitive screen.

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana-Sede Cuenca.
 Development and use
The vast majority of significant touch screen technologies were
patented during the 1970s and 1980s and have now expired.
This fact has allowed the design of products and components
using these technologies since then not be subject to royalties,
which has allowed the touch devices have spread more easily.
With the increasing acceptance of a multitude of products with
an integrated touch screen, the marginal cost of this technology
has been routinely absorbed into the products that incorporate
them, making it practically disappear. [1]
 HID Specifications
The touch screens are defined within the specification of human
interface devices (HID) for USB port as digitizers, along with
devices such as touchpad and digitizing tablets, among others.
The touch screens are identified with the usage ID 04. [1]
The specifications include the fields used to handle this type of
device. Some of the most interesting for the use of touch screens
are: [1]
o Tip pressure: Represents the force by a transducer,
usually a stylet or also a finger.
o Barrel pressure: Force exerted by the user on the
sensor of the transducer, such as a button sensitive to
pressure in the driving pointer.
o In range: Indicates that the transducer is in the area
where digitization is possible. It is represented by a bit.
o Touch: Indicates if a finger is touching the screen. The
system usually interprets it as a primary button click.
o Tap: Indicates that a touch has been made with your
finger on the screen, lifting it quickly without
prolonging the contact. It is interpreted as an event
triggered by a button [1]
TRANSISTOR BC547
The transistor BC547 is a low power low frequency transistor
can be used in two basic configurations, the first as an electronic
switch and the second as a signal amplifier.
Image 4. Transistor BC547
ARDUINO MEGA
2
Arduino is a brand of microcontrollers worldwide known by
lovers of electronics, programming and robotics. It is an Open
Source project that makes available to its users a wide range of
devices based on the AtMega microcontroller. It is possible to
buy an armed Arduino board or get the parts for yourself to
develop your own devices.
The Arduino Mega is probably the most capable
microcontroller in the Arduino family. It has 54 digital pins that
work as input / output; 16 analog inputs, a 16 MHz oscillator
crystal, a USB connection, a reset button and an input to power
the board.
Image 5. Arduino Mega
IV. COMPONENTS
BC547 transistor
1k ohm resistor
330ohm resistor
Nails
Wood
Mega Arduino
V. DEVELOPING
1. The first thing that was done was to investigate the touch
sensor BC547 where this sensor can be used as a touch sensitive
light switch.
2. Then verify the type of current to which the transistor leads
and then assemble and verify its correct operation.
3. Once verified the current is programmed in the arduino mega
for the sensibility of the touch at the moment of the movement
of the fingers.
4. We assembled the model made an 8x8 matrix with nails for
the touch of the fingers generating a mini multitouch display.
Universidad Politécnica Salesiana-Sede Cuenca.
VI. IMPLEMENTATION
Image 6. Transistor BC547
Image 7. Multitouch screen
Image8. Multitouch Screen
3
VII. CONCLUSIONS
The Touch Screen, have revolutionized the digital world since
the mouse and keyboard were partially replaced, its use is very
simple and can be found in mobile devices, computers and
many electronic devices today. Its use is very easy in this way
it can be used by most people like children, youth or adults
VII. REFERENCES
[1] Redeweb.com
https://www.redeweb.com/_txt/644_645/34.pdf
[2] Sharp.es
http://www.sharp.es/sharp/assets/internet/assets/images/Spa
in/Sharp_LL-S201A_Brochure_ES.pdf
[3] C. C Version. << Community Core Version, >> [En Linea]
Availible:
http://sethsandler.com/multitouch/community-core-vision-
installation-configuration/. [Ultimo acceso: 11 2018]