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INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS
A. Statistics definition
statistics is a science that deals with true data and facts or a study of science with data
collection techniques, data processing, data analysis, drawing conclusions and policy
making that are sufficiently strong reasons based on true fact data.
in principle statistics are defined as activities to collect data, present data, analyze data
with certain methods, and interpret the results of the analysis.
90 75 74 65 79 78 40 75 40 71
75 76 90 30 72 71 74 50 71 55
60 80 73 73 70 74 72 72 80 70
73 90 72 72 75 74 85 50 55 80
from the test data the results of the test above look for the mean, median, mode,
range, variance, and standard deviation.
1. Mean
The mean is a group explanation technique based on the average value of
the group. So to find the average of the above value table, namely:
𝑥1+𝑥2⋯𝑥𝑛
𝑥=
𝑛
Example: find the mean of the data above?
2. Median
Median is a group explanation technique based on the middle value of a group
of data that has been arranged in the order from the smallest to the largest or from the
largest to the smallest.
So to find the middle value from the table above, we must sort the values from the
smallest to the largest as below:
Example: 30 40 40 50 50 55 55 60 65 70 70 71 71 71 72 72 72 72 72 73 73 73 74 74
74 74 75 75 75 75 76 78 79 80 80 80 85 90 90 90
3. Mode
Mode is a group explanation technique based on popular values (frequently
occurring values).
4. Range
range is the difference between the largest and smallest value.