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Finding the unit digit when a number is raised to some power

(i) Finding the unit digit is 0, 1, 5 or 6 : So, 6 + 1 + 5 + 0 = 12


When a number having 0, 1, 5 or 6 as unit digit is raised Required unit digit is ‘2’.
to some power, the number obtained will have the same (2) Find the unit digit :
number, i.e., 0, 1, 5 or 6 respectively, as its unit digit, no [(54)99 + 9954] × [(144)144 + (199)199]
matter what power it is raised to. (a) 4 (b) 1
(c) 5 (d) 6
When the unit digit is 2, 3, 7 or 8 : Solution:
Ans. (c) (54)99 (99)54 (144)144 (199)199
Unit digit Unit digit Unit digit Unit digit    
    Unit digit 4 1 6 9
( 4 + 1) × (6 + 9) = 5 × 15 = 75
21  31  71  81  So, required unit digit is  4
2 3 7 8 (3) Find the unit digit :
22  32  72  82  [(162)162 × (197)150] + [(543)540 × (698)638]
4 9 9 4 (a) 6 (b) 0
23  33  73  83  (c) 4 (d) 7
8 7 3 2
Solution:
24  34  74  84 
6 1 1 6
162 162 4 Remainder = 2
(162)
From the above table, it is clear that 2, 3, 7 and 8 have a
22 =4
cyclicity of 4 for the unit digits So, unit digit in (162)162 4
So, to find the unit digit, we divide the power by 4 and 150 150 4 Remainder = 2
raise the unit of the original number to the remainder (197)
2
But, when the power is completely divisible by 4, the 7 =49
unit digit is obtained by raising the unit digit of the
original number to power 4 So, unit digit in (197)150 is 9
540 540 4 Remainder = 0
When the unit digit is 4 : (543)
If the power is odd unit digit is 4 34 =81
If the power is even unit digit is 6
So, unit digit in (543)540 is 1
When the unit digit is 9
If the power is odd unit is 9
If the power is even unit digit is 1
Questions:
So, unit digit in (698)638 is 4.
(1) Find the unit digit of :
(4x9) + (1x4) = 40
(126)125 + (141)150 + (125)126 + (150)141
(a) 2 (b) 1 So, the required unit digit is ‘0’
(c) 6 (d) 5

Solution:
Ans. (a) (126)125 (141)150 (125)126 (150)141
   
Unit digit 6 1 5 0

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