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PROBLEMA 3.1
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
a)
C
Gc = 2 arcsen
2R
C 10
R= R= R = 71,6219 m
Gc 8
2 sen 2sen
2 2
70
Tc = R tag Tc = 71,62 tag Tc = 50,1494 m
2 2
C 1070
Lc = Lc = Lc = 87,5 m
Gc 8
Abs PC = PI – T Abs PT = PC + Lc
70
Tc = R tag Tc = 71,67 tag Tc = 50,1886 m
2 2
Abs PC = PI – T Abs PT = PC + Lc
PROBLEMA 3.2
Datos:
Gc =10°
c =20m
Calcular:
Solución
C 20
R= R= R = 114,737 m
Gc 10
2 sen 2sen
2 2
F = R (1 – Cos (∆/2))
F = 0,436
Cl 20
Sen = = =5
2 2R 2114,734
C= F 2 102
C= 0436 |2 102
C = 10,01 m
PROBLEMA 3.3
Datos:
Gs = 12°
s = 20m
Calcular:
Las longitudes de las dos cuerdas iguales que reemplazan el arco de 20 metros.
Solución
Ahora,
C
G C G
Sen = 2 = R sen C = 9,995 m
2 R 2 2
PROBLEMA 3.4
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
C
Gc = 2 arcsen
2R
C 10
R= R= R = 95,536 m
Gc 6
2 sen 2sen
2 2
62
Tc = R tag Tc = 95,536 tag Tc = 57,404 m
2 2
C 1062
Lc = Lc = Lc = 103,333 m
Gc 6
Abs PC = K2 + 442,651
Abs PT = K2 + 545,984
PROBLEMA 3.5
Datos:
POT.Pl1 = 82.600m
Pl1.Pl2 = 47.000m
Abscisa del POT = K2+000
Radio curva al Pl1 = R1= 80.000m
c1 = 10m
Abscisa del PC2 = K2+200
GC2 = 8°26’
c2 = 5m
Calcular:
Solución
Curva No. 1
∆1 = 65°38’
C1
Gc1 = 2 arcsen Gc1 = 7°9’59’’
2R1
Abs PC1 = Abs POT + (POT.Pl1 – T1) Abs PT1 = Abs PC1 + Lc
Curva No. 2
∆1 = 131°19’
C2 = 5 m
Gc2 = 8°26’
C2
Gc2 = 2 arcsen
2R2
R2 = 34 m
T2 = 75,1559 m
PI1 y PI2 = 47,0 m, esto indica que el PT2 está después del PT1.
PI2 y PI1 = 98,59 m, esto indica que el PT2 está antes del PT1.
C2 2
Lc1 = Lc1 = 77,856 m
Gc2
Abs w = K2 + 122,593
Por la ruta 2
Abs w = K2 + 301,289
PROBLEMA 3.6
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
∆2 = 59°12’32’’
T
R= R = 154,880 m
tag 2
2
PROBLEMA 3.7
Datos:
Solución
AC = 72,582 74,962
AC = 104,34 m
74,96
Azimut de AC = tan = = 45°55’27’’
72,58
BC = 57,2498 m
a 2 c2 b2
Cos B = B = 125°45’39’’
2ac
BC
T1 = T1 = 28,6099 m
2
T = R tag
2
57,2198
R1 = 2 R1 = 55,8615 m
5414'21' '
tan
2
∆ = 360° - 344°56’20’’ + 72°20’52’’
∆ = 87°24’32’’
=180 - ∆ = 92°35’28’’
∆2 = 180° - ∆ = 92°35’28’’
∆2 = 180° - - ∆1
∆2 = 32°49’04’’
T2 = R2 tag 2
2
R
Lc = Lc = 52,08 m
180
Abs D = K3 + 059,5884
PROBLEMA 3.8
Datos:
Para la Figura 3.86, se tiene la siguiente información:
La ecuación de empalme.
Solución
a 2 c2 b2
Cos A = A = 82°36’72’’
2ac
∆1 = 180° - C
Curva No. 1
T2 = R2 tag 2
2
T1 100
R1 = R1 = R1 = 88,152 m
97 12'23.28' '
tan tan
2 2
C1
Gc1 = 2 arcsen Gc1 = 6°20’11.33’’
2R1
Lc =
109712'23.28' ' Lc2 = 149,476 m
6 30'11.33' '
N = 123°18’19.2’’
∆2 = 56°41’40.8’’
T2 = R2 tag 2
2
T2 70
R2 = R2 = R2 = 129,747 m
56 41'40.8' '
tan tan
2 2
10
Gc = 2 arcsen Gc = 4°25’14’’
2 x129.747
Lc = 128,354 m
Para la vía 2
X = 272,417 m
Sen56 41'40.8' ' Sen
= = 6°16’13.07’’
272,417 35,60
X = 308,3 m
∆2 = 117°49’46.6’’
R’1 = 66,366 m
10
Gc = 2 arcsen Gc = 8°38’29.57’’
266,36
Lc = 136,353 m
'
T2 = R’2 tag 2
2
T2 70
R’2 = R’2 = R’2 = 214,981
36 6'30.08' '
tan tan
2 2
10
Gc = 2 arcsen Gc = 15°56’6.89’’
2 36 6'30.08' '
Lc’2 = 22,636 m
Abscisa del PT’2 = Abs PT’1 + PT '1.PC '2 + Lc’2 + PT '2 .PT2
Abscisa del PT’2 = K5 + 302,846 + 127,9 + 22,685 + 35,6
Abscisa del PT’2 = K5 + 383,688
PROBLEMA 3.9
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Como = 25°50’22’’
∆1 =
∆1 = 25°50’22’’ + 37°10’22.5’’
∆1 = 63,012362
∆1 = 63°00’44.5’’
BE
∆BEC = tan =
EC
158,120
tan = = 37,172917 = 37°10’22.5’’
208,520
Calculo TB = RB tan 1 RB = 110 m
2
TB = 67,424 m
PCB A = AB TB
PCB A = 33,576 m
C
Calculo GB = 2 arcsen
2 RB
GB = 5,210503
GB = 5°12’37.81’’
Calculo LB = 120,933 m
24m
∆1 PI. FPI’ = Sen ∆1 =
PI1PI
24
PI .PI ' = PI .PI ' = 26,700
Sen 63 00'44.5' '
∆CGD = 8°50’42’’
∆1 = 90° +
∆1 = 90° + 8°50’42’’ - 37°10’22,5’’
∆1 = 61,33875
∆1 = 61°20’19.5’’
Calculo T’c = R’c tan 3 R’c = 100 m
2
T’c = 59,303 m
24m
∆ PI FP’I tan ∆1 =
PI .F
24
PI.F = PI.F = 12,222 m
tan 63 00'44.5' '
C
Calculo G’C = 2 arcsen
2 RB
24
PI .PI ' = PI .PI ' = 26,933 m
Sen 63 00'44.5' '
24
∆ KC PI’2 tan
KC
24
KC = KC = 13,119 m
tan 61 20'19.5' '
24
Sen ∆3 =
PI 'C 2
24
PI '2C = PI '2C = 27,351 m
Sen 61 20'19.5' '
Calculo LC = 107,012 m
Calculo
= 180° - ∆3
= 180° - 61°20’19.5’’
= 118°39’40.5’’
o
Calculo To = Ro tan To = 48,689 m
2
R’o = 186 m
∆’o = 180° - - ∆a
∆’o = 29°20’19,5’’
sen Seno
∆ XCY =
To T ' o b
Seno
b= (To + T’o)
Sen
Sen32
b= (36,130 + 48,689)
Sen 118 39'40.5' '
b = 51,224 m
Seno Seno
=
a b
bsen' o
a=
seno
a=
51,224sen29 20'17.5' '
sen32
a = 47,363 m
TE = To + a TS = T’o + b
TE = 83,493 m TS = 99,913 m
PROBLEMA 3.10
Datos:
Distancia AB =131m
Abscisa de A = K0 + 846
Cuerdas = c = 5m
Calcular:
Solución
Abs A = K0 + 846
C=5m
R = 35 m
T = 44 m
Abs PCA1 = Abs A – T = K0 + 802
G = 8°11’31.52’’
Lc1 = 62,86 m
T = 66,40 m
∆ = 127°
127
66,4 = R tan
2
R = 33,10 m
G = 8°39’42.03’’
Lc = 73,31 m
AB = 131 m
Abs B = K0 + 951,86
∆ = 77°
R = 88 m
T = 69,99 m
Abs PCB1 = Abs PTA1 + A’B’
G = 3°15’21.17’’
Lc = 118,24 m
d3 87
= d3 = 106,14 m
sen103 Sen 53
d2 87
= d2 = 44,30 m
sen24 Sen 53
T3 = T2 – d2
T3 = 25,68 m
∆3 = 57°
5
25,68 = R tan - Lc = 47,62 m
2
R = 51.50 m
G = 5°33’53.58’’
A' C = 80,46 m
Abs PT 'B1 = K1 + 992,94
PROBLEMA 3.11
Datos:
Calcular:
R1 = 66 m
Para hallar el ∆1
∆1 = 90° - 16,699°
∆1 = 73,301°
73,301
T1 = R1 tan 1 T1 = 66 tan T1 = 49,106 m
2 2
R 6673,301
Lc1 = Lc1 = Lc1 = 84,437 m
180 180
R2 = 37 m
Para hallar el ∆2
∆2 = Azi B – C - Azi A – B
∆2 = 129,806° - 16,699°
∆2 = 113,107°
113,107
T2 = R2 tan 2 T2 = 37 tan T2 = 56,014 m
2 2
R 37 113,107
Lc2 = Lc1 = Lc1 = 73,041 m
180 180
R3 =138 m
Para hallar el ∆3
∆3 = 129,806° - 90°
∆3 = 39,806°
39,806
T3 = R3 tan 3 T3 = 138 tan T3 = 49,963 m
2 2
R 13839,806
Lc3 = Lc3 = Lc3 = 95,875 m
180 180
PT1 PC2 = AB - T1 – T2
PT2 PC3 = BC - T2 – T3
Para hallar el ∆4
∆4 = 90° - 60,945°
∆4 = 29,055°
T4 = T1 T4 = 49,106 m
T4 49,106
R4 = R4 = R4 = 189,504 m
29,055
tan 4 tan
2 2
R 189,50429,055
Lc4 = Lc4 = Lc4 = 96,098 m
180 180
Para hallar el ∆5
∆5 = 90° - 60,945°
∆5 = 29,055°
T5 = T3 T5 = 49,963 m
T5 49,963
R5 = R5 = R5 = 192,811 m
29,055
tan 5 tan
2 2
R 192,81129,055
Lc5 = Lc5 = Lc5 = 97,775 m
180 180
PT4 PC5 = AC - T4 – T5
PROBLEMA 3.12
Datos:
Solución
Eje 1 – Eje 2
T = 40 m ∆G = 180° - ∆A T3 = 40 m
∆E = 99°59’49’’
m=
y2 y1 = 132,510 1000,000
x2 x1 1030,590 1000,000
= arctan (m)
= 77°0’3’’
∆3 =
Lc.N180
=
23,9348180 = 19°25’25,38’’
RB1 70,6025
Lcq =
3RA1
=
19 25'25,38' ' 86,6025
= 29,3589 m
180 180
= 77°0’3’’
∆D = 56°0’3’’
∆A = 123°59’37’’
∆B = 107°59’49’’
∆E = 99°59’49’’
TF 10
RF = = 69,59 m Gc = 2 arcsen = 8,29°
2R
tan
2
C D
LcK = = 67,96 m
Gc
TJ C
RJ = = 22,55 m Gc = 2 arcsen = 12,7416°
2R
tan
2
C D C
LcJ = = 22,9754 m Gc = 2 arcsen = 8,9615°
Gc 2R
TG = 60,182 m
C A
LcK = = 69,1823 m
Gc
TI C
RI = = 40,38m Gc = 2 arcsen = 7,12°
2R
tan
2
C E
LcJ = = 70,25 m
Gc
TH C
RH = = 34,88 m Gc = 2 arcsen = 8,22°
2R
tan
2
C B
LcJ = = 65,6 m
Gc
T1 = TG – TF = 23,182
AB = 136 m
BC = 104 m
T3 = 104 – 48 = 56 m
SenA SenB
=
a b
b=
104Sen72 0'4' ' = 100,43 m
Sen 99 59'49' '
T3 = 100,43 – 48 – 12 = 40 m
SenA SenC
=
a c
c = 14,6 m
Empalme No. 1
Empalme No. 2
PROBLEMA 3.13
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Vía No. 1
c = 10 m
∆1 = 81°44’15.9’’
Lc =
10 81 44'15.9' '
= 128,32 m
6 22'10.12' '
∆2 = 3 - Azimut CD = 96°13’56.46’’
2
T2 = R2 R2 = 82,5 m
2
10
Gc2 = 2 arcsen = 6°56’57,13’’
282,5
Lc2 =
10 9613'56,46' '
= 138,48 m
6 56'57.13' '
Cop 43
Tan = = arctan 1 = 20°50’5.13’’
A 115
204
2 = arctan 2 = 61°13’55.2’’
112
112
3 = arctan 3 = 28°46’4.9’’
204
Abs PC1 = AB - T1
Abs PC1 = 45
Vía No. 2
∆’1 = 1 + 44 = 64°30’5.13’’
T1 = R tan = 56,78 m
2
C
GS = 2 arcsen
290
Lc =
10'1 = 153,83 m
GS
BE =
Sen 83 41' 232,72
= 235,17 m
Sen79
Entretang = BE - T1 – T2
Entretang = 86,89
Abs PC = AB - T’1 = 66
Abs PT = Abs PC + Lc
Abs PT = K0 + 407,98
PROBLEMA 3.14
Datos:
a) La ecuación de empalme.
b) La abscisa del punto P
Solución
TA1 = 50 m
∆1 = 60°
∆1 = 120°
Curva No. 1
Línea A
T 50
RA1 = = = 86,6025 m
1 60
tan tan
2 2
R
LcA1 = = 90,6899 m
180
Línea B
Curva No. 2
Línea A
T2 152 50
RA2 = = = 58,8897 m
2 120
tan tan
2 2
R
LcA2 = = 123,3383 m
180
Línea B
RB2 = 58,8897 - 16
RB2 = 42,8897 m
16 X
=
Sen 60
Sen 30
X = 9,2376 m
H= 162 X 2
H = 18,4752 m
R
LcB2 = = 100,9980 m
180
PROBLEMA 3.15
Datos:
Calcular:
La ecuación de empalme.
Solución
45
Tangente Vía No. 1 = T = 178 tan = 73,73 m
2
75,953
R2 = = 97,215 m
7,6
tan
2
17845
L1 = = 139,80 m
180
97,21576
L1 = = 128,951 m
180
149,683 Ac
= Ac = 169,438 + 73,73
Sen 59 Sen 76
Ac = 243,168 m
243,168
R= = 137,578 m
121
tan
2
137,578121
L1 curva No. 2 = = 290,544 m
180
PROBLEMA 3.16
Datos:
Adicionalmente a la información dada en la Figura 3.94, se conoce:
Calcular:
Solución
ER = X = V. t
X = 167 m
ER = 167 m
∆1 = 180 - = 126°52’
∆2 = 180 - = 40°36’
126 52'
T1 = 50 tan = 100,00 m
2
40 36'
T2 = 50 tan = 18,50 m
2
R = 120 m
126 52'
T1 = 120 tan = 240 m
2
40 36'
T2 = 120 tan = 44,40 m
2
C
G = 2 arcsen G = 4°46’
2120
Lc1 =
10 126 52' Lc1 = 266,15 m
4 46'
C
G = 2 arcsen G = 4°46’
240
Lc2 =
10 40 36' Lc2 = 85,17 m
4 46'
∆3 = 180° - = 20°57’
20 57'
T3 = 120 tan = 22,19 m
2
C
G = 2 arcsen G = 4°46’
240
Lc3 =
10 20 57' Lc3 = 43,95 m
4 46'
28 2'
T4 = 120 tan = 29,96 m
2
C
G = 2 arcsen G = 4°46’
240
Lc4 =
10 28 2' Lc4 = 58,81 m
4 46'
∆5 = 161°15’
16115'
T4 = 120 tan = 726,83 m
2
3250
R=
= 1633,17 m Rmin > Rreal Sirve
102 5' 74 3'
tan tan
2 2
102 5'
T6 = 1633,17 tan = 2025,13 m
2
74 5'
T7 = 1633,17 tan = 1224,87 m
2
T6 + T7 = 3250 m
10
G = 2 arcsen G = 0°21’
3266,34
Lc6 =
10 402 5' Lc6 = 2916,67 m
0 21'
Lc7 =
10 74 3' Lc7 = 2115,71 m
0 21'
Lc5 =
10 16115' Lc5 = 338,20 m
4 46'
Entretangencias
HG.HI
Cos =
HG HI
HG.HI
Cos =
HG HI
HG = 4000i – 2000j
HI = 2500i + 1250j
Cos =
4000i 2000 j 2500i 1250 j
4472,14 2795,03
= 53°7’
∆1 180° - = 126°52’
IH = 2500i – 1250j
HI = 3000i + 750j
Cos =
2500i 1250 j 3000i 750 j
2795,08 3092,33
= 139°24’
∆2 = 180° - = 40°36’
JI = -3000i + 750j
JF = 2500i - 1750j
Cos =
3000i 750 j 2500i 1750 j
3092,33 3051,64
= 159°3’
∆3 = 180° - = 20°57’
BA = -3500i + 1000j
BC = 3500i - 750j
Cos =
3500i 1000 j 3500i 750 j
3640,051 3579,46
= 151°58’
∆4 = 180° - = 28°2’
ED = 7000i - 2000j
EF = 6500i - 4500j
Cos =
7000i 2000 j 6500i 4500 j
7280,11 7905,69
= 18°45’
∆5 = 180° - = 161°15’
CD = 0i - 3250j
CB = -3500i - 750j
Cos =
3500i 750 j 0i 3250 j
3579,46 3250
= 77°55’
∆6 = 180° - = 102°5’
DC = 0i + 3250j
DE = -7000i - 2000j
Cos =
0i 3250 j 7000i 2000 j
3250 7280
= 105°57’
∆7 = 180° - = 74°3’
PROBLEMA 3.17
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
54
T1 = 39 tan = 19,871 m
2
5954
L= = 55,606 m
180
PC1 = K0 + 900
PT1 = K0 + 955,606
121
T2 = 35 tan = 61,862 m
2
CB = 61,862 + 28 = 89,862 m
89,862 AB AC
= =
sen 54
Sen 67
Sen 59
AB = 102,246 m
35121
L curva No. 2 = = 73,915 m
180
2889
L curva No. 3 = = 43,444 m
180
AC =
89,862Sen59 = 95,210 m
Sen54
T 115,081
R1 = = = 24,461 m
156
tan tan
2 2
24,461156
L= = 66,6
180
PROBLEMA 3.18
Datos:
Solución
Distancia BD = 140,240 m
Punto medio BD = Punto C
Cuerda = c = 5,0 m (primera curva) y 10 m (segunda curva)
70,12
R1 = = 52,839 m
106
tan
2
C1 5
G1 = 2arcsen = 2arcsen = 5°25’25’’
2R1 252,839
L1 =
5106 = 97,721 m
5 25'25' '
C1 10
G2 = 2arcsen = 2arcsen = 9°43’22’’
2R1 259
C2 2
L2 =
G2
G1 =
C2 2
=
10 111 33'24' '
= 5°25’25’’
L2 114,739
Coordenadas del punto D
N = 110,511
N = 86,340
Coordenadas de D
N = 5105,941
E = 3167,870
∆2 =
114,739 9 43'22' '
= 111°33’29’’
10
d'10 = 3346,745 / 60
d'10 = 55°46’45’’
N = 92,911
E = 29,793
Datos:
Distancia AB = 235 m
Calcular:
Solución
Eje No. 1
∆1 = 62° ∆2 = 118°
T1 = 83,214 T2 = 83,2139
R1 = 130,4914 R2 = 50 m
GC = 4,1380° G = 11,4783°
Lc = 149,8295 Lc = 102,8023
Abs PE = K0 + 147,547 Abs PT = K0 + 102,802
Ecuación de Empalme = K0 + 149.8295 (Vía 1) = K1 + 102,802 (Vía 2)
Curva Eje 3
∆ = 118°
T = 78,2211
R = 47 m
G = 12,2137°
Lc = 96,6128
Abs PE = K0 + 096,6128
Curva 4 Via 2
∆1 = 62°
T = 52,2749
R = 87 m
G = 6,5094°
Lc = 94,0911
Abs PC = K0 + 202,3131
Abs PE = K0 + 296,404
Eje 4 = 130,496
K0 + 130,496
PROBLEMA 3.20
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab Cos
C 10
Gc = 2arcsen = 2arcsen = 7°9’59,42’’
2R 280
∆3 = ∆1 -
∆3 = 36°2’41,91’’
36 2'41,91' '
L3 = L3 = 50,295 m
7 9'59,42' '
C 5
Gc = 2arcsen = 2arcsen = 7°9’59,42’’
2R 240
C 75 31'20,965
L4 = = L4 = 52,64 m
GC 7 9'59,92' '
Coordenadas de P
135
T1 = 40 tan T1 = 96,52 m
2
NP = 4918,1 + 30 = 4948,1
D = 10
A = 40 – 10 = 30
M = 40 Sen 75°31’20,96’’
M = 38,73
PROBLEMA 3.21
Datos:
Pl2.Pl1 = 88.460 m
Radio al Pl1 = R1 = 71.680 m
Curvatura curva R2 = GC2 = 6°
Tangente al Pl3 = T3 = 55.090 m
Cuerdas = c1 = c2 = c3 = 10 m
Solución
Az1 = 143°25’
Az2 = 192°53’
Az3 = 249°15’
∆1 = 49°22’
C1
Lc1 = = 61,83 m
Gc1
C
G2 = 2arcsen = 6°
2R
L2 = 10 m
Despejando
R2 = 95,54 m
T2 = R2 tan 2 T2 = 51,19 m
2
Abs PT3 = Abs PC2 + Lc2 + PI1 PI3 + T3 (Eje No. 2)
2
Lc2 = = 95,44 m
Gc2
PI 2 PI 3 = PI2 PI3 – T2
3
Lc3 = = 94,24 m
Gc3
T3
R3 = = 72,84 m
3
tan
2
C
G3 = 2arcsen = 7,87°
2R
1
T1 = 72,68 tan = 33,02 m
2
∆1 PT1 = 21,01 m
PROBLEMA 3.22
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Hallo Abs PC
Abs PC = K4 + 248,66
Hallo ∆2 y ∆3
= = 33°
42,07
∆3 = arcosen = 38°58’27’’
52
∆2 = ∆1 - ∆3 = 75°1’32,91’’
∆3 = 38°58’27’’ ∆2 = 75°1’32,91’’
R3 = 52 m R3 = 52 m
T3 = 18,40 m T3 = 39,92 m
PROBLEMA 3.23
Datos:
Solución
R = 65 m
98
T = R tan T = 65 tan T = 74,77 m
2 2
10
Gc = 2arcsen = 8°49’24,43’’
265
Lc =
1098 Lc = 111,06 m
8 49'24.43' '
413,96 361,94
tan-1 = = 44°6’58,54’’
500,730 442,080
AB = 81,24 m
API = 69,84 m
= 38°6’54.9’’
= 180 - (38°6’54.9’’ + 45°53’1.46’’)
= 96°0’4.44’’
a 2 b2 c2
= arccos
2ab
= 77°21’11,1’’
∆2 = ∆1 -
∆2 = 98 - 77°21’11,1’’
∆2 = 20°38’48,9’’
10
Gc = 2arcsen = 8°49’24,43’’
265
Lc1 =
1020 38'48.9' ' Lc1 = 23,60012 m
8 49'24.43' '
Abs PC = K4 + 093,636
Abs P = K4 + 069,544
PROBLEMA 3.24
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
R = 88 m
∆1 = 120°
T1 = 88 tan 60 T1 = 152,420 m
5
G1 = 2arcsen = 3°15’21,17’’
116
120
L1 = L1 = 184,28 m
3 15'21,17 ' '
∆ = 60°
120,58
R2 = R2 = 208,851 m
tan 30
5
G2 = 2arcsen = 1°22’18,2’’
417,702
CL = 2 208,851 sen 6 31'55,97' ' CL = 47,478
Coordenadas PC2
Coordenadas de E
PROBLEMA 3.25
Datos:
Solución
R = 60 m
∆ = 90°
5
G1 = 2arcsen = 4°46’33,11’’
120
90
L1 = L1 = 94,220 m
446'33,71' '
R = 70 m
∆ = 90°
5
G2 = 2arcsen = 4°05’36,33’’
140
90
L1 = L1 = 109,932 m
405'36,37' '
b)
40
1 = arccos
70
1 = 55°09’0,34’’
∆q = 34°50’59,66’’
q
= 17° 25’29,83’’
2
5509'0,34' '
L= L = 67,364 m = XQ
405'36,33' '
q
YQ = XQ Sen YQ = 41,924 Sen 17°25’29,83’’
2
c)
12,554
tan 2 = 2 = 22°42’27,67’’
30
4 = 30° - 2
4 = 30° - 22°42’27,67’’
Coordenadas de Q
PROBLEMA 3.26
Datos:
Solución
Eje 4
L=
C
=
1090 = 100,43 m
G 857'41,75' '
10
G = 2arcsen = 8°57’41,75’’
264
Eje 3
90
T5 = R tan T5 = 64 tan T5 = 64 m
2 2
K1 + 000 + 25 + 64 = K1 + 089,00
Eje 1
L=
C
=
1090 = 65,81m
G 1340'27,42' '
10
G = 2arcsen = 13°40’27,42’’
242
Eje 2
C 1090
L= = = 81,55 m
G 112'27,42' '
10
G = 2arcsen = 11°2’7,69’’
252
Lc2 =
C
=
1090 = 50,05 m
G 1758'42,95' '
10
G2 = 2arcsen = 17°58’42,95’’
282
Lc3 =
C
=
1090 = 31,08 m
G 2857'18,09' '
10
G3 = 2arcsen = 28°57’18,09’’
220
PROBLEMA 3.27
Datos:
Calcular:
La curva por el método de las normales sobre la tangente, de tal manera que se
tengan los mismos puntos de la curva deflectados desde el PC por el método de
las deflexiones y cuerdas.
Solución
R = 60,170 m
∆ = 50
c = 10 m
50
T = 60,170 tan = 28,058 m
2
10
G3 = 2arcsen = 9°31’59,92’’
260,170
1050
Lc = = 52,448 m
931'59,92' '
Abs PT = Abs PC + Lc
Abs PT = 496,700 + 52,448
Abs PT = K0 + 479,148
G/2 = 4°45’59,96’’
Del libro Diseño Geométrico de Vías de James Cardenas Grisales (Pag 35,
Otros métodos de calculo y localización de curvas circulares simples) se toman
las siguientes formulas
R1 Cos 2
X=
tan
Y = R 1 Cos 2
Cartera de Idealización de una curva circular por el método de las normales sobre la tangente
X y
ESTACIÓN ABSCISAS DEFLEXIONES (m) (m)
PROBLEMA 3.28
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
1 Cos
= arctan
tan 2 Sen
1 Cos
tan 21 = arctan Despejamos
tan 2 Sen
= 38,5694
2
25 m = R tan sen 1 Cos
2
R = 41,069 m
PROBLEMA 3.29
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Cl 5
R1 = R1 = R1 = 44,09 m
G 20,056
2Sen
2
T = R tan T = 30,87 m
2
C
Lc = = 53,84 m
G
Calculo de Deflexiones
PROBLEMA 3.30
Datos:
Calcular:
a)
TC = 92,196 m
TL = 78,548 m
b)
PC = PI + TL
PC = K1 + 002,16 – 78,548
PC = K0 + 923,612
R11
Lc1 = = 75,0528
180
R2 2
Lc2 = = 112
180
PCC = PC + Lc1 = K0 + 923,612 + 75,0528
PCC = K0 + 998,665
PT = PCC + Lc2
PT = K0 + 998,665 + 75,112
PT = K1 + 073,777
PROBLEMA 3.31
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
T T Sen1 Sen3 1
TE = T2 + T2 T3 3 1
Sen3 1 Sen
= (180° - ∆2 - )
= 180 - ∆
= 180 - ∆2 – 180 + ∆
= 180 - = 129
1
T1 = R1 tan = 30 m
2
2
T2 = R2 tan = 22,5 m
2
3
T3 = R3 tan = 12,74 m
2
∆3 = 180 + 180 – 30 - 29
∆3 = 21
T3 = 12,74
∆3 = 180 - ∆1 -
∆3 = 180 - ∆1 - (180 - )
PROBLEMA 3.32
Datos:
Calcular:
R1 = 1,5 x 50 = 75 m
R2 = 50 m
R3 = R1 = 75 m
TL = Tangente Larga
R1 R1Cos R1 R3 Cos1 3 R3 R2 Cos 2
TL =
Sen
75 75Cos84 75 50Cos28 28 50 75Cos 28
TL =
Sen84
TL = 59,392 m = Tangente de Salida
CL
G1 = 2 arcsen CL = 10 m
2R1
10
G1 = 2 arcsen G1 = 7°38’42’’
275
L=
CL1
=
1028 = 36,625 m
G1 738'42' '
5
G2 = 2 arcsen G2 = 5°43’55’’
250
L =
528 = 24,422 m
543'55' '
10
G2 = 2 arcsen G2 = 7°38’42’’
275
L =
1028 = 36,625 m
738'42' '
Abscisa del PC = K2 + 422,02 – 59,392 = K2 + 236,628
PROBLEMA 3.33
Datos:
Curva de centro O1 = R1 = 60 m
Curva de centro O2 = R2 = 40 m
Curva de centro O3 = R3 = 30 m
Calcular:
a)
R1 = 60 m
R2 = 40 m
R3 = 30 m
Entonces
T1 = R1 tan 1 T2 = R2 tan 2 T3 = R1 tan 3
2 2 2
89 88 91
T1 = 60 tan T2 = 40 tan T3 = 60 tan
2 2 2
T1 = 58,962 m T2 = 38,627 m T3 = 30,528 m
Abscisa B’ = K3 + 072,284
Coordenadas del PI1 (Para la Curva No. 1)
Azimut = 324°
Distancia =58,962 m
N = 100,00
E = 100,00
N = 147,701
E = 65,343
Azimut = 53°
Distancia = 97,589 m
N = 206,432
E = 143,281
Azimut = 232°
Distancia = 69,155 m
N = 152,688
E = 186,802
Coordenadas del B’
Azimut = 232°
Distancia = 100,528 m
N = 90,796
E = 107,585
Distancia de B a B’
BB ' = 11,926 m
Abscisa de B = K2 + 788,074
b)
7.0
Pendiente = 100 = - 2,457%
284,942
PROBLEMA 3.34
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Ang. Espiral ( E )
Le 60
E = = = 0,5 Rad 28°38’52,4’’
2 Rc 260
∆C = ∆ - E = 0,8439 48°21’6,87’’
3 5 7
Ys = Le E E E E
3 42 1320 75600
Ys = Le 9,82 m
Tangente Principal
T = R P tan + K
2
T = 109,69 m
R = 60 m
P = Ys – R 1 Cos E = 2,47 m
Cc
Lc =
G
10
G = 2 arcsen = 9°33’37,38’’
260
Lc =
107630' = 84,43 m
9033'37,38' '
Abscisa CE = 169,69 + 84,43
Abscisa CE = K0 + 254,12
PROBLEMA 3.35
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
a)
Teniendo Q’
Carril MAZ
LT =
M
LT = Longitud Transición
3,000,08
LT = = 35,82089552 35,821 m
0,0067
Carril Bombeo
N=
M
3,000,02
N= = 8,955223881 8,955 m
0,0067
b)
3 (0,08) = 0,24 m
PROBLEMA 3.36
Datos:
Calcular
a) Si el tercio central que queda con el peralte completo, tiene una longitud
de al menos 1/3 de la longitud de la curva.
b) La cota del borde izquierdo en la abscisa K5 + 575
Solución
V = 80 Km/h
R = 285 m
∆ = 30°20’
C = 20
20
Gc = 2 arcsen = 4°52’40’’
2235
Abs PC = K5 + 422,32
Abs P = K5 + 575
m = 0,50%
e = 7,5%
b = 2,0%
a = 3,65 m
ae 3,657,5
L= = = 54,75 m
m 0,50
a.b 3,652
N= = = 14,6 m
m 0,50
Abs de E = K5 + 440,570
Abs de E’ = 87,875
Lc 248,75
= = 82,92
3 3
Peralte en P
En una curva izquierda el borde izquierdo es el inferior = - 2%
P en el eje = K5 + 575 – K5 + 422,32 x 1/100 + 500 = 50,527 m
Borde Izquierdo = 501,527 – 3,65 (2/100) = 501,454 m
PROBLEMA 3.37
Datos:
Solución
7
Peralte al PT1 = 7% R1 = = 10%
0,7
5,6
Peralte al PC2 = 5,6% R1 = = 8%
0,7
Longitudes de Transición
Longitudes de transición al PT y PC
a.b 0,023,50
N= = = 10,448 m
m 0,0067
29,253 X 29,253 25
e% = = = 10,386%
29,253 12,537 29,253 12,537
Abs PH = K2 + 215
X = K2 + 215 – K2 + 200
X = 15 m
36,638 15
e'1% = = 4,13%
36,638 15,702
Cota bordes
3
Borde Izquierdo = 500,47 + (15) + 3,5 x 0,0413 = 501,065
100
3
Borde Derecho = 500,47 + (15) - 3,5 x 0,0413 = 500,776
100
PROBLEMA 3.38
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Ancho de la vía = 7 mt
b% = 2
∆s% = 0,67
Cota P = 500
3,510,45
Cota B = 500 - (b% x a + ) = 499,564 m
100
3,531,3433
Cota B = 500 - (b% x a + +0,06966 + 0,07) = 498,76 m
100
8a =
5a X = 26,119
41,79 X
PROBLEMA 3.39
Datos:
Solución
a)
b)
PROBLEMA 3.40
Datos:
Calcular:
Solución
Lt2 =
e2 a
=
83,65 = 30,42
s 0,96
Lt1 =
e1a
=
103,65 = 38,02
s 0,96
PROBLEMA 3.41
Datos:
Calcular:
a)
b)
Entonces,
Abs H – Abs 0%
a = 3,65 m
Lt1 = 32 m
Lt =
a e o o
s
∆s =
3,658 o o = 0,9125%
32
N=
3,652 o o =8m
0,9125
Lt2 =
3,656 o o = 2,4 m
0,9125
Queda,
hallo,
= tan-1
3,652 o o = 0,522809477
8
PROBLEMA 3.42
Datos:
Solución
PROBLEMA 3.43
Datos:
Se trata de las transiciones de dos curvas derechas, para las cuales:
Las pendientes longitudinales del eje son: -1.0% hasta el PT1, -0.5% del PT1 al
PC2 y del +0.5% del PC2 en adelante.
Calcular:
a) Las cotas del borde derecho e izquierdo en la abscisa K0+995.
b) La cota del borde derecho en la abscisa K1+055.
c) La abscisa cuando se ha desarrollado el 85% de la transición del
peraltado en la segunda curva.