Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
II. CONTENT INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
1. Relevance of the course 2. Key concepts and common competencies 3. Core competencies in Entrepreneurship 4. Career opportunities
III. LEARNING List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as well as paper-based materials.
RESOURCES Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material
pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials
from Learning Resource
portal
B. Other Learning
Resources
A. Reviewing previous
lesson or presenting a
new lesson
“The entrepreneur always searches for change, “What is emerging today is a class of professional “Entrepreneurship is the best means for
responds to it and exploits it as an entrepreneurs who rely more upon their brains youth to adapt to a changing and highly
opportunity.” (Peter Drucker) than their guts---and who have been trained to use competitive job market in both rural and
B. Establishing a The evolution of the field of entrepreneurship both methods and technology to analyze the urban areas around the world” (OECD)
purpose for the lesson has been formulated by scholars based on business environment.” (Dollinger)
theories that are rooted in economics,
psychology, sociology, anthropology and
management.
Entrepreneurship has an enormous impact on DEFINITION OF ENTREPRENEUR ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES ENTREPRENEURSHIP CAREER
the economy and in the society. Globally, the 1. From an economist’s point of view Facilitate opportunity recognition, OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE ACADEMIC
level of entrepreneurial activity has contributed It is someone who brings resources, labor, help adapt rapidly to changes, TRACK
significantly to the national level of economic materials and other assets into combinations enhance business performance, 1. Business Consultant – people
growth of many countries. that make their value greater than before strengthen the firm’s competitive position who can go to a client site,
It is also someone who introduces changes, stir the achievement of organizational identify problems and fix them
innovations and a new order. success. 2. Sales – knows how to
2. From a psychologist’s point of view The sum total of the personality, skills and represent a company, manage
A person who is typically driven by certain knowledge that the entrepreneur possesses accounts and follow up on
forces such as the need to obtain or attain which are necessary to effectively perform leads.
something, to experiment, to accomplish or their functions and responsibilities 3. Research and Development –
perhaps to escape the authority of others. According to Lau, Man and Chan (1999), the need to understand
3. From a management perspective entrepreneurial competencies are considered business concepts, systems,
It is someone who identifies opportunities, a higher level characteristic encompassing procedures and practices.
C. Presenting plans, mobilizes resources, manages and personality traits, skills and knowledge. 4. Not-for-profit-fundraiser –
examples/instances of assumes the risks of a business to have a Can be seen as the total ability of the understanding the importance
the new lesson positive impact on society. entrepreneur to perform a job role of business and networking
successfully. relationships
5. Teacher – teach students how
to increase their
entrepreneurial intention
through acquiring the attitude
towards entrepreneurship
6. Talent recruiter – someone
being not just people savvy but
having an in-depth business
sense as well.
7. Business reporter – one can
write articles is in a prime
position to take the lead on
covering a local business beat.
8. New Venture Creation –
launching a company, buying a
business or franchise, starting a
new venture in a family
enterprise or commercializing a
technology
9. Careers in existing
entrepreneurial ventures –
working for a startup, small
business,
ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EMERGING CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTREPRENEUR ENTREPRENEURS’ COMPETENCIES PORTFOLIO
Entrepreneurial activity responds to
policies that ensure the
protection of new ideas, facilitate access
to capital and talent,
allow the management of risks
There are many efforts in various countries
to uplift the lives of its citizens.
Entrepreneurship is one of the key engines
of economic growth
Entrepreneurship is perceived to be the
symbol of business innovation,
determination, perseverance and
PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS ATTRIBUTED TO
achievement. 10. The Functional Competencies are those skills,
ENTREPRENEURS
It is a catchword in this era of globalized organized into clusters, regarding the main
Confidence
economy areas of managerial knowledge such as
Flexibility
It is a foundation and catalyst for economic accountancy, finance, control, marketing, HR
Need to achieve
D. Discussing new growth and innovation across nation
Responsibility management, organization, operations,
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are internationalization, strategy and other
concepts and practicing Commitment
concrete manifestations of capabilities that enable the entrepreneur to
new skills #1 entrepreneurship.
Creativity
manage the organization.
Persevering
Joseph Schumpeter, an Austrian 11. The Emotional Competencies are those
Goal-oriented
economist, was the one who first specific behaviors grouped into five clusters
Realistic
articulated the importance of namely: self-awareness, self-management,
Sincere
entrepreneurship to the economy and in social awareness, relationship management
Hardworking
the society in 1934. and cognitive competencies.
Visionary
DEFINITION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP FROM 12. The Cross-Functional Competencies are those
Disciplined
EARLY ON TO PRESENT broad overall skills that are grouped into goal
Feedback seeking
ENTREPRENEURSHIP and action management cluster, people
Moderate risk-taker
Knight 1921 – having profits from bearing management cluster and analytical reasoning
COMMON PROFILE DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEUR
uncertainty and risk cluster
APPLICABLE EVEN AMONG FILIPINO ENTREPRENEURS
Schumpeter 1934 – carrying out of new THE SIX COMPETENCIES
Calculated risk-taking is doing everything possible
combinations of firm organization—new
to get the odds in their favor, often avoiding Opportunity competencies – related to
products, new services, new sources of recognizing and developing market
taking unnecessary risks.
raw material, new methods of production, opportunities through various means
Commitment is the unwavering dedication to
new markets, new forms of organization
work for the common good of the society through Relationship competencies – related to
Hoselitz 1952 – uncertainty bearing… person to person or individual to grouped
one’s business
coordination of productive resources… based interactions, i.e., building a context of
introduction of innovations and provision Feedback-seeking is the taking of steps to know cooperation and trust, using contacts and
of capital. how well they are doing and how they might connections, persuasive ability,
Cole 1959 – purposeful activity to initiate improve their performance. communication and interpersonal skill.
and develop a profit oriented business. Perseverance is the determination to succeed by Conceptual competencies – related to
McClelland 1961 – taking moderate risk overcoming obstacles and setbacks different conceptual abilities which are
Shapero 1975 – a kind of behavior that Drive to achieve is the internal desire to pursue reflected in the behaviors of the
includes : initiative taking, organizing or and attain challenging goals entrepreneur, i.e., decision skills, absorbing
reorganizing of social economic Self-confidence is the belief that together with and understanding complex information, risk-
mechanisms to turn resources and the other people, things can be done in the taking and innovativeness
situations to practical account and the business. Organizing competencies – related to the
acceptance of risk failure Opportunity orientation is the constant organization of different internal and external
Casson 1982 – decisions and judgements awareness of opportunities that exist in everyday human, physical, financial and technological
about the coordination of scarce life. resources, including team building, leading
resources. Innovativeness is the ability to come up with employees, training and controlling
Ronstadt 1984 – dynamic process of something different or unique every time. Strategic competencies – related to setting,
creating incremental wealth. This wealth is Responsibility is their willingness to put evaluating and implementing the strategies of
created by individuals who assume the themselves in situations where they are the firm
major risks in terms of equity, time and/or personally responsible for the success or failure of Commitment competencies – competencies
career commitment of providing value for the business operation. that drive the entrepreneur to move ahead
some product or service. The product or Tolerance for failure is using it as a learning with the business.
service itself may or may not be new or experience
unique, but value must somehow be HOW ENTREPRENEURS THINK
infused by the entrepreneur by securing Actuate self-assessment and choose course of
and allocating the necessary skills and action
resources. Generate multiple decision models
Drucker 1985 – behavior rather than Learn from failure
personality trait. Its foundation lies in
concept and theory rather than in
intuition.
Gartner 1985 – creation of new
organizations
Hisrich & Brush 1985 – process of creating
something new with value by devoting the
necessary time and effort; assuming the
accompanying financial, psychic and social
risks and uncertainties; and receiving the
resulting rewards of monetary and
personal satisfaction.
Stevenson & Grousebeck 1989 – pursuit of
opportunity without regard to resources
currently controlled.
Hart, Stevenson and Dial 1995 – pursuit of
opportunity without regard to resources
currently controlled, but constrained by
the founders’ previous choices and
industry related experience.
Shane 2003 – an activity that involves the
discovery, evaluation and exploitation of
opportunities to introduce new goods and
services, ways of organizing, markets,
processes and raw materials thorough
organizing efforts that previously had not
existed.
Kuratko 2009 – dynamic process of vision,
change and creation that requires an
application of energy and passion toward
the creation and implementation of new
ideas and creative solutions.
Dyck and Neubert 2012 – conceiving an
opportunity to offer new or improved
goods or services, showing the initiative to
pursue that opportunity, making plans,
mobilizing the resources necessary to
convert the opportunity into reality.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO Entrepreneurs makes sense of complex 1. The students educated choice
THE ECONOMY AND SOCIETY situations more quickly and take more of Technical-Vocational track
1. Create employment conventional approaches in making decisions. would ensure their motivation,
2. Develop new markets Entrepreneurs’ critical and creative skills are lead to better achievement of
3. Introduces innovation utilized in decision making. the required skills, both
4. Generates new sources of materials FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE personal and technical and
5. Stimulates investment interest in the new ENTREPRENEURIAL DECISION-MAKING PROCESS increase their opportunities to
business ventures being created 1. Rational/scientific method in decision making enjoy satisfaction in their jobs
6. Improves the quality of life – this involves the use of standard six-step and life.
7. Serves as role models process to arrive at a decision. This scientific 2. They will continue to use their
8. Brings social benefits to the people method requires the use of management acquired entrepreneurial skills
9. Utilizes and mobilizes indigenous quantitative techniques such as forecasting in mastering skills and
resources using time series or growth rate analysis, acquiring knowledge that
10. Provides more alternatives for consumers sensitivity analysis of financial data regression would enable them to become
and correlation for market demands and self-employed , establish their
E. Discussing new PERT-CPM (Program Evaluation Review own business or become more
concepts and practicing Technique = Critical Path Method) for productive in paid
new skills #2 production and distribution data. employment. They can be
Identify the problem electrician, technical support
Gather data specialist, tool-keeper and
Analyze data technician
Formulate alternative solutions
Select the best alternative
Implement the decision
2. Use of intuition in decision-making – this
pertains to the use of “gut-feel” to arrive at a
decision
3. Affect infusion – this suggests that
entrepreneurs’ current moods influence
judgments or decisions by influencing the
ease with which information consistent with
positive or negative moods can be brought to
mind.
4. Attribution style – this refers to the
entrepreneurs’ self-serving bias which are
related to:
Strong tendency on the part of most
entrepreneurs to attribute positive
outcomes to internal causes, i.e., skill,
talent, good judgment or hard work
Corresponding tendency of the
entrepreneurs to attribute negative
outcomes to external cause, i.e., high
inflation rate, obsolete machine,
unavailability of raw materials or unreliable
suppliers.
5. Counterfactual thinking – this is understood
as an “afterthought in decision making in
which the procedures followed to perform the
task are discussed and various alternatives
that could have been followed are
considered.”
6. Over-confidence – this refers to the tendency
of the entrepreneurs to think that they know
more than what they really know when they
make the decision
7. Knowing style – this is the combination of
‘analytical and conceptual thinking”, where
the entrepreneurs look for facts and data
before they make decisions.
8. Creative style – this is characterized by
“holistic and conceptual thinking,
entrepreneurs who uses this style tend to be
creative and enjoy experimentation before
making decisions.
EXAMPLES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN 10 COUNTRIES
1. United States – noted to be one of the friendliest countries for entrepreneurs, home to Apple, Google, Starbucks, Walmart and Walt Disney
2. China – home to budding entrepreneurs who manufacture different products that range from toys, gadgets, electronics and cars; a lot of products have generic brand names
3. Singapore – literally a small country that controls a significant portion of the economy in Asia, home to entrepreneurs who innovate on existing services for local and international use.
4. Canada – entrepreneurs here are exploring opportunities over the internet such as the people from a region called Sanikiluag, known for their wood carving skills and entrepreneurs are selling their
products online.
F. Developing mastery 5. India – one of the countries in the Asia Pacific rim with a strong base of entrepreneur organizations led by the youth and women.
(Leads to Formative 6. Taiwan – entrepreneurship here is encouraged through the small and medium enterprise incubation centers for the purpose of nurturing young firms, new products and technologies.
Assessment) *** incubators – provide space, facilities, hands on management assistance and access to technologies and financing to clients, helping them to survive and grow during the start-up period.
7. Hongkong – with the knowledge based economy, it utilizes its human resources to make its economy the best possible through entrepreneurship such as activities related to tourism and agricultural
exports which receives strong support from government and private sector.
8. Thailand – the extent of government support to entrepreneurs is very evident, in its international airport in Bangkok, a huge section is subsidized by the Bureau of Small and Medium Enterprises for
the promotion of local products. Tourism for the international markets and agricultural exports are two major sources of income of Thai entrepreneurs.
9. Malaysia – this country is becoming friendlier to entrepreneurs which is apparent in the growing numbers of businesses which decided to locate here.
South Korea – it emerged from the Asian financial crisis better than any other country in the region, home to Samsung and Kia.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE FRIENDLINESS
G. Finding practical
OF A COUNTRY TO ENTREPRENEURS
applications of Employment regulations
concepts and skills in Bankruptcy laws
daily living Tax policies of a country
Skills are better than theoretical knowledge of All these definition contains the following common Regardless of definition of success, there are a Successful entrepreneurs possess sound
things, thus giving one an edge of the others if elements: great number of common characteristics that are commercial sense, creativity, motivation
H. Making one possesses the skills of innovation. The Innovation shared by successful entrepreneurs, although they and leadership which they acquired
generalizations and entrepreneurs always wanting to befriend with Opportunity seeking and exploitation think and process information differently. through learning experience. Pursuing a
abstractions about the other countries so as to expand its horizon. Resource mobilizing Entrepreneurial process shows that creative career using the acquired
lesson Encountering risks and uncertainties thinking is the must have skill of an entrepreneur entrepreneurship skills from tech-voc
Economic and personal rewards for the creation of new ideas. training is wide open for many
opportunities.
Move around in your barangay. Record 5 either Together with group mates, explain either by Choose one among the six competency areas of
micro, small or medium enterprises that have illustration or discussion the meaning of entrepreneurial competencies, explain.
I. Evaluating learning been established there for at least five years. “entrepreneurial mind set”. Report in front of the
Find out the effects of their presence in your class.
community.
Look for a woman entrepreneur in your Discuss the use of intuition in entrepreneurial decision Explain the career opportunities open to graduates
J. Additional activities community. Ask her about the reasons for her making of entrepreneurship
for application or engaging in entrepreneurship. Report in class
remediation what you have gathered.
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your instructional supervisors can
VI. REFLECTION provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
A. No. of learners who earned
80% on the formative
assessment
B. No. of learners who require
additional activities for
remediation
C. Did the remedial lessons
work? No. of students who
caught up with the lesson
D. No. of learners who continue
to require remediation
E. Which of my teaching
strategies work well? Why did
these work?
F. What difficulties did I
encounter which my principal or
supervisor help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized
materials did I use/discover
which I wish to share with other
teachers?