(Parts: I & II) : Faculty of Languages

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES
ORDINANCES
&
SYLLABUS
FOR
M. A. (ENGLISH)
(ANNUAL SYSTEM)
(Parts: I & II)
Examination: 2011
GURU NANAK DEV UNIVERSITY

AMRITSAR
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1
M.A. (ENGLISH) (ANNUAL SYSTEM) (PART-I & II)
PART-I
Paper I: English Poetry up to the Nineteenth Century

Paper II: English Drama
Paper III: English Novel
Paper IV: Structure of Modern English and Advanced Composition
Paper V: Opt. (i): Indian Writing in English
Opt. (ii): Greek Literature in Translation
Opt. (iii): Post Colonial Literature
PART-II
Paper VI: History of English Literature

Paper VII: Modern Literary Theory and Criticism
Paper VIII: Twentieth Century British Literature
Paper IX: Introduction to Linguistics
Paper X (Opt. i): American Literature
(Opt. ii): World Classics in Translation
(Opt. iii): Indian Writing in English Translation
Note: Colleges are advised to ensure at least 5 contact hours per week for each course of
M.A. English.
2
M.A. (ENGLISH) (ANNUAL SYSTEM) (PART-I)
Paper-I: English Poetry up to the Nineteenth Century
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80
The question paper shall consist of Part A and B having 32 and 48 marks respectively.
Part-A:
Nine (9) short answer questions will be set. Students will be required to answer eight (8)
of them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows:
3 questions from Unit-I (one each from different authors/texts).
3 questions from Unit-II (one each from different authors/texts).
3 questions from Unit-III (one each from different authors/texts and one on the literary
background).
These short answer questions are aimed at examining the first hand reading of prescribed
texts and as such shall relate to themes, actions, characters, setting, literary/linguistic
significance of particular scenes/stanzas etc. The narrower the question, the better it is.
The students shall answer these questions within 100 words.
Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32)
Part-B:
4 questions (one each from 3 units with internal choice and one question on the literary
background) will be set. The students will be required to attempt any 3 questions.
Each question will have internal choice from within the unit dealing with different
authors/texts. In those units, where there are more than two authors/texts, examiner
should preferably ask one comparative question and one direct question on an author or
text. If required, the examiner may also have sub-parts of a question.
The students shall answer these questions between 800-1000 words. Each question will
carry 16 marks. (16x3=48)
Unit-I
1. John Milton: Paradise Lost, Book I
2. John Donne: The Good Morrow
The Sunne Rising
The Extasie
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
The Canonization
Batter My Heart,
three-personed God
A Hymn to God the Father
The Flea
3. Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock
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Unit-II
1. William Wordsworth : Lines Composed a Few Miles
Above Tintern Abbey
Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood
Three years She grew
Sonnet: London, 1802
2. John Keats : Ode to Psyche
Ode to a Nightingale
Ode on Grecian Urn
To Autumn
3. S.T. Coleridge : Dejection : an Ode
The Ancient Mariner
Unit-III
1. Robert Browning : Porphyria's Lover
The Last Ride Together
One Word More
The Bishop Orderes His Tomb at
Saint Praxed's Church
2. Alfred Tennyson: Epilogue
Lotus Eaters
Ulysses
Morte d' Arthur
The Lady of Shalott
Tithonus
Crossing the Bar
Supplementary Readings:
1. Sidney, Philip. : Defence of Poesy

2. Coleridge, S.T. : Biographia Literaria, Chapter XIV.
3. Wordsworth : William. Preface to Lyrical Ballads.
4. Arnold, Mathew : Study of Poetry.
5. Tillyard, E.M.W. : The Elizabethan World Picture, London : Chatto and Windus,
1943.
6. Abrahams, M.H. : The Mirror and the Lamp, OUP, 1953
7. Houghton, W.E. : The Victorian Frame of Mind, 1830-1870, New Haven, 1957
8. Hulme, T.E. "Romanticism and Classicism" in David Lodge (ed.) Twentieth
Century Literary Criticism: A Reader, Longman, 1972.
9. Lovejoy, A.O. The Great Chain of Being: A Study of the History of Ideas,
London: 1936.
10. Bobbit, Irving. Rousseau and Romanticism, Boston: Houghton and Mifflin, 1919.
11. Bloom, Harold. The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry, OUP, 1973.
Suggested Reading:
The Poetry Handbook, 2nd Edition, OUP by John Lennard.
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Paper-II: English Drama
Part-A:
Nine (9) short answer questions will be set. Students will be required to answer Eight (8)
3 questions from Unit-I (one each from different authors/texts)
3 questions from Unit-II (one each from different authors/texts)
background)
texts and as such shall relate to themes, concepts, actions, characters, setting,
literary/linguistic significance of particular scenes/stanzas etc. The narrower the question,
the better it is. The students shall answer these questions within 100 words.
Part-B:
Unit-I
1. Aristotle Poetics (Butcher's Translation)
2. Christopher Marlowe Doctor Faustus
3. William Shakespeare Hamlet
Unit-II
1. William Shakespeare As You Like It
2. Samuel Backet Waiting for Godot
3. Sean O' Casey Juno and the Paycock
Unit-III
1. Bernard Shaw Saint Joan
2. T.S. Eliot The Family Reunion
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1. Dryden, John : An Essay of Dramatic Poesy
2. Kreiger, Murray : The Tragic Vision. University of Chicago Press, 1960.
3. Frye, Northrop : A Natural Perspective: The development of Shakespearean
Comedy and Romance. New York: Harcourt Brace and World, 1965.
4. Bradbrok : M.C. Elizabethan Stage Condition, CUP, 1968.
5. Nicoll : A. The Theory of Drama, New Delhi; Doaba House, 1969.
6. Knight : Wilson. The Wheel of Fire, London: Methuen, 1969.
7. Craig : Edward, Gordon On the Art of the Theatre, London: Heinemann, 1911.
8. Williams : Raymond. Drama in Performance. Penguin, 1968.
9. Kitto : H.D.F. Form and Meaning in Drama, London: Methuen, 1956.
10. Hume : R.D. The Rakish Stage: Studies in English Drama, 1660-1800. Southern
Illinois University Press, 1983.
11. Woodfield : James. English Theatre in Transition,1881-1914. London: Croom
Helm, 1984.
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Paper-III: English Novel
Part-A:
3 questions from Unit-I (one each from different authors/texts).
background).
These questions requiring short answers are aimed at examining the first hand reading of
prescribed texts and as such shall relate to themes, concepts actions, characters, setting,
Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks)
Part-B:
carry 16 marks. (16x3=48 marks)
Unit-I
1. D.H. Lawrence : Sons and Lovers
2. Virginia Woolf : Mrs. Dalloway
3. Graham Greene : The Heart of the Matter
Unit-II
1. Jane Austen : Pride and Prejudice
2. Thomas Hardy : Jude the Obscure
3. Emily Bronte : Wuthering Heights
Unit-III
1. George Eliot : The Mill on the Floss
Hard Times
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1. Forster, E.M. Aspects of the Novel, London, 1927.
2. Kettle, Arnold., An Introduction to the English Novel. London: Hutchinson, 1951.
3. Gallagher, Catherine. The Industrial Reformation of English Fiction, University
of Chicago Press, 1985.
4. Miller, Hillis J. The Form of Victorian Fiction, University of Notre Dame Press,
1968.
5. Auerbach, Erich. Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature,
Princeton. University Press, 1953.
6. Stern, J.P. On Realism. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973.
7. Frye, Northorp. The Great Code: The Bible and Literature, ARK Paperbacks.
8. Gardner, John. On Moral Fiction, New York: Basic Books.
9. Williams, Raymond. Culture and Society. London: Chatto and Windus, 1958.
10. Leavis, F.R. The Great Tradition, London : Chatto and Windus, 1948.
11. Trilling, Lionel. 'Manners, Morals and Novel' in The Liberal Imagination, NY:
Anchor, 1950.
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Paper-IV: Structure of Modern English and Advanced Composition
Part-A:
Nine (9) short answer questions will be set. Students will be required to answer any eight
(8) of them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows:
3 questions from Unit-I (one each from different sections)
3 questions from Unit-II (one each from different sections)
3 questions from Unit III, atleast one from each section.
As far as possible, the questions should be direct and to the point. Questions may relate
both to theoretical and practical issues. The narrower the question, the better it is. The
students shall answer these questions within 100 words.
Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks).
Part-B:
The examiner will set three questions one each from three units. Students will be required
to attempt all the three questions with internal choice.
Unit-I
Sec-I.:
Organs of Speech
The Sounds of English (R.P.)
Articulation, description and classification of English phonemes.
Sec-II.:
Allophonic Variables in R.P. English
The Syllable and its structure.
Sec-III.:
Weak forms
Stress in English words
Intonation
Recommended Text for sections 1 - 3:
Roach, Peter, English Phonetics and Phonolgy, Cambridge: CUP, 2000.
Chapters 1-12, 15-17.
Unit-II
Syntax:
Sec-1: Parts of Speech:
Form and Function:
Verb and Verb phrase; Verbal forms, regular and irregular verbs;
Auxiliaries: Tenses and aspect
Noun and Noun Phrase
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Determiners and sequence of determiners; Reference
Adjective: Attributive and predicative; Comparison and intensification
Adverb and Adverbials, Place relation, Time relation
Adjunct, Disjunct and Conjunct
Preposition and Prepositional Phrase
Sec-2: The Simple sentence: basic sentence patterns; concord co-ordination; conjunctions
The complex sentence: subordination
Reporting other's language.
Finite and non-finite clauses
Sec-3: Relative clauses; Apposition; restrictive and non-restrictive clauses. Adverbial

Complement clauses the complex noun phrases.
Cohesion in text: Sentence/clause connectors, ellipsis, substitution, discourse references.
Recommended Text:
Quirk, R and Greenbaum, S. A University Grammar of English, Longman, 1973.
Unit-III
Applied Grammar and Writing:
This part will comprise units in Legget, Glen et al. Essentials of Grammar and
Composition, Prentice Hall of India, 1988.
Sec-1. Basic sentence faults (section 6-14) Effective sentences (section 33-36)
Sec-2. The whole composition (section 31) Effective paragraphs (section 32)
1. Sethi, J. and Dhamija P. V., A Course in Phonetics and Spoken English, ND :

Prentice Hall of India, 1990.
2. Sethi, J. and Jindal, D.V., A Handbook of Pronunciation of English Words, ND :
Prentice Hall of India, 1993.
3. Bansal, R.K. and Harrison J.B., Spoken English for India. ND : Orient Longman,
1972.
4. Huddleston, Rodney, English Grammar : An Outline, OUP, 1996.
5. Halliday, M.A.K. & Hasan, R., Cohesion in English. Longman, 1976.
6. Brooks, Cleanth & Warren, R.P., Modern Rhetoric. NY: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich, 1972.
7. Corbett, E., The Little Rhetoric, NY : Wiley, 1977.
8. McCrimmon, J.M., Writing with a Purpose: NY : Houghton Mifflin, 1957.
9. Chaplan, Frank, Paragraph Writing, London: OUP, 1970.
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Paper-V: Opt. (i) Indian Writing in English
Part-A:
background)
These questions requiring short answers are aimed at examining the first hand reading of
the prescribed texts and as such shall relate to themes, concepts, actions, characters,
setting, literary/linguistic significance of particular scenes/stanzas etc. The narrower the
question, the better it is. The students shall answer each question within 100 words.
Part-B:
carry 16 marks. (16x3=48 marks).
Unit-I
1. Raja Rao: Kanthapura,Oxford University Press, India, 2003.
2. R.K. Narayan: The Guide, Penguin Books, 2006.
3. Anita Desai: Fasting Feasting, Vintage 2000.
Unit-II
1. Arundhati Roy: The God of Small Things, Harper Collins, Publishers.
2. Shashi Thurur: Riot, Penguin, 2003.
3. Manju Kapoor: Difficult Daughters, Penguin India, 1998.
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Unit-III
1. Nissim Ezekiel:
Enterprise
Philosophy
Night of the Scorpion
Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher
The Vistor
Background, Casually
Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa, T.S
2. Kamala Das:
The Freaks
My Grandmother's House
A Hot Noon in Malabar
The Sunshine Cat
The Invitation
The Looking-glass
Note: The poems listed above are included in Ten Twentieth Century Indian English
Poets Edited by R. Parthasarthy (O.U.P.)
1. Ashcoft, B., Griffiths, G. and Tiffin, H.: The Empire Writes Back: Theory and
Practice in Post Colonial Literatures, London: Routledge, 1989.
2. Narsimhaiah, C.D. : Indian Literature of the Past Fifty Years, Mysore: University
of Mysore, 1970.
3. Naik, M.K. : Aspects of Indian Writing in English. Delhi: Macmillan, 1979.
4. Mukerjee, Meenakshi : The Twice Born Fiction, Delhi: Arnold Heinmann, 1971.
5. King, Bruce : Modern Indian Poetry in English, Delhi: OUP, 1987.
6. Nehru, J.L. Discovery of India.
7. Radhakrishnan, S. : Religion in a Changing World
8. Thomas, P. : Epics, Myths and Legends of India, Bombay: D.B. Taraporevala,
1973.
9. Sarma, G.P. : Nationalism in Indo-Anglian Fiction. New Delhi: Sterling
Publishers, 1978.
10. Walsh, William : Indian Literature in English, London: Longman, 1990.
11. Vishwanathan, G. : Masks of Conquest: Literary Study and the British Rule in
India, London: Faber and Faber, 1990.
12. Aurobindo, Sri. : The Foundations of Indian Culture. NY: The Sri Aurobindo
Library, 1953.
13. Ahmed, Aijaz. In Theory: Classes, Nations, Literatures. London: Verso, 1992.
14. Sachidanandan : Indian Poetry: Modernism and After, ND: Sahitya Academi,
2001.
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Paper V: Opt. (ii) Greek Literature in Translation
Part-A:
of them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows.
background)
Part-B:
4 questions (one each from III units with internal choice and one question on the literary
text. If required, the examiner may also have subparts of a question.
Unit-I
1. Aeschylus Agamemnon
2. Sophocles Oedipus, the King
3. Sophocles Antigone
Unit-II
1. Euripides Medea
2. Euripides Electra
3. Aristophanes The Frogs
Unit-III
1. Homer The lliad
2. Plato The Republic (Book X)
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Supplementary Readings :
1. Reinhold, Mayer. Greek and Roman Classics, Barron's Educational Series. New
York: Woodbury, 1971.
2. Vickers, Brian. Towards Greek Tragedy, London: Longman, 1973.
3. Luce, J.V. Homer and the Heroic Age. London: Thomas and Hudson, 1975.
4. Jones, John. On Aristotle and Greek Tragedy, London ; Chatto and Windus, 1962.
5. Kitto, H.D.F. Greek Tragedy : A Literary Study, London: Methuen, 1961.
6. Kitto, H.D.F. Form and Meaning in Drama, London: Methuen, 1956.
7. Lever, K. The Art of Greek Comedy, London: Methuen, 1956.
8. Kaufmann, W. Tragedy and Philosophy, London: Doubleday, 1969.
9. Hawthorn, Geoffrey. Tragedy, Myth and Mystery.
10. Sewall, R.B. The Vision of Tragedy. Yale University Press, 1958.
11. Dodds, E.R. The Ancient Concept of Progress and Other Essays on Greek
Literature and Belief. OUP, 1973.

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Paper-V: Opt.(iii) Post Colonial Literature
Part-A:
Nine (9) short answer questions will be set. Students will be required to answer eight of
them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows:
background).
texts and as such shall relate to themes, concepts actions, characters, setting,
Part-B:
Unit-I
1. V.S. Naipaul House for Mr. Biswas
2. Wole Soyinka The Lion and the Jewel
3. Chinua Achebe Things Fall Apart
Unit-II
1. Mulk Raj Anand Untouchable
2. Amitav Ghosh The Glass Palace
3. Bapsi Sidhwa The Ice-Candy Man
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Unit-III
1. Judith Wright:
The Company of Lovers
Women to man
The Harp and the King
Clock and Heart
The Two Fires
The Beanstalk, Meditated later
Vision
For my daughter
Poem and Audience
2. Margaret Atwood:
Surfacing
1. Walsh, William : A Manifold Voice, London: Chatto and Windus, 1970.

2. Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G. and Tiffin, H. : The Empire Writes Back: Theory and
Practice in Post Colonial Literatures. London: Routledge, 1989.
3. Lyengar, K.R.S. : Two Cheers for the Commonwealth, Asia Pub. House, 1970.
4. Ramchand, Kenneth. The West Indian Novel and its Background. London: Faber
and Faber, 1970.
5. Fanon, Franz : Black Skin White Masks, Paladin Edition, 1970.
6. Fanon, Franz. The Wretched of the Earth, Penguin, 1978.
7. Marquez, Gabriel Garcia : Nobel Prize acceptance speech in Gabriel Garcia
Marquez: New Readings (ed.) Bernard McGuirk and Richard Cardwell, CUP,
1987.
8. Bhabha, H.K. : Nation and Narration London: Routledge, 1990.
9. Leela Gandhi : Introduction to Post Colonial Theory, OUP.
16
M.A. (ENGLISH) (ANNUAL SYSTEM) (PART-II)
Paper-VI: History of English Literature
Part-A:
Nine (9) short questions will be set. Students will be required to answer eight of them.
The distribution of questions shall be as follows.
3 questions from Unit-I (one each from different sections).
3 questions from Unit-II (one each from different sections).
background).
texts, as such shall relate to themes, concepts, actions, characters, setting, literary/
linguistic significance of particular scenes/stanzas etc. The narrower the question, the
better it is,. The students shall answer these questions within 100 words.
Part-B:
4 questions (one each from three units with internal choice and one question on literary
should preferably ask one comparative question and one direct question on an authors or
Unit-I
I. Beginnings and Backgrounds:
1. Old English Period

2. Middle English Period
3. Development of English Language
4. Chancer and his Canterbury Tales
5. Chancer Shifted Contemporaries and Successors
6. Ballads, Romances, Dreams Allegories
7. Spirit of the Middle Ages
8. Biblical Background of English Literature
9. Impact of Greek and Roman Classical Literature
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II. The Renaissance:
1. Humanism and Reformation

2. Elizabethan World Picture
3. Continuity with Middle Ages
4. Sonnets and Lyrics
5. Long Poems
6. Metaphysical and Cavalier Poetry
7. Bacon
8. Translations and the Authorized Version, 1611.
9. Renaissance Prose and Criticism.
III. Renaissance and Neoclassical Drama:
1. Traditional Religious Drama

2. The First Experiments
3. University Wits
4. Influence of Seneca and Classical Dramatic Theory
5. Shakespeare
6. Ben Jonson and the Comedy of Humours
7. The Elizabethan Theatre.
8. Drama After Shakespeare.
9. Neo Classical Drama
Unit-II
I. Neo Classical Period:
1. Neoclassicism
2. Enlightenment and Deism
3. Sentimentalism and Sensibility
4. Satire in Verse
5. Pre Romantic Poetry
6. Rise of the Novel
7. Age of Prose
8. Neoclassical Criticism
9. Women's Writing and Thought
II. Romantic Period:

1. Contrast with Neoclassicism
2. Romantic Ideas and Concepts
3. Romantic Movement as a Trans European and American Phenomenon
4. Influence of the French Revolution
5. Major Romantic Poets
6. Lyrical Ballads as an epoch making book
7. Jane Austen and Walter Scott
8. Romantic Prose
9. Romantic Criticism
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III. Victorian Period:
1. The Victorian Temper
2. Victorian Movements
3. The Victorian Sages
4. Science and Religion
5. Victorian Poetry
6. Victorian Novel
7. Realism and Naturalism
8. Aestheticism and Decadence
9. Victorian Criticism
Unit-III
I. Modern Period:
1. Attitudes to Colonialism: Kipling, Conrad and Forster
2. The Modernist Movement
3. Stream of Consciousness Technique and Interior Monologue
4. Marxism, Psychoanalysis and Existentialism.
5. Modern Poetry
6. Modern Drama
7. Modern Fiction
8. Modern Prose
9. Modern Criticism
II. Contemporary Period:
1. Modernism and Postmodernism
2. Contemporary Literary Theories
3. Culture and Popular Culture
4. Internationalization of English Language and Literature
5. The Question of Canon
6. Survival of Literary Genres
7. Contemporary Poetry
8. Contemporary Drama
9. Contemporary Fiction
Recommended Readings:
1. Baugh, A.C.: A Literary History of England
2. Daiches, David: Critical History of English Literature
3. Sampson and Churchil: Cambridge History of English Literature, 3rd
Edition.
4. Hudson W.H.: An Outline History of English Literature
5. Long W.J.: History of English Literature

19
6. Legouis & Cazamian : A History of English Literature
7. W.W. Robson: Modern Literature
8. The New Pelican Guide to English Literature Series
9. The Sphere History of Literature Series
10. The Longman Literature in English Series
11. Preminger, Alex. (Ed.) The Princeton Encyclopaedia of Poetry and
Poetics. Princeton University Press, 1965.
12. lyengar, K.R.S. and Introduction to the Study of English Literature. ND:
Nandakumar, Prem. Sterling, 1985.
13. Seymour Smith, Martin, Guide to Modern World Literature. London:
Macmillan, 1985.
14. Coyle, Martin et., al. Encyclopaedia of Literature and Criticism. London:
Routledge, 1990.
15. Hawthorn, Jeremy, A Glossary of Contemporary Literary Theory,
London: Arnold, 2000.
16. Culler, J. A Very Brief Introduction to Postmodernism. Delhi:
OUP, 2000.
20
Paper-VII: Modern Literary Theory and Criticism
Part-A:
them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows.
background)
texts, and as such shall relate to themes, concepts, actions, characters, setting, literary/
Part-B:
4 questions (one each from three units with internal choice and one question on the
literary background) will be set. The students will be required to attempt any 3 questions.
The students answer shall answer these questions between 800-1000 words. Each
question will carry 16 marks. (16x3=48 marks)
Unit-I
1. T.S. Eliot: Tradition and Individual Talent
The Frontiers of Criticism
2. Northrop Frye: The Archetypes of Literature
3. Victor Shklovsky: Art as Technique
Unit-II
1. Lionel Trilling: Freud and Literature
2. Terry Eagleton: Literature and History
Form and Content
3. Toril Moi: Feminist Literary Criticism
4. Edward Said: Crisis (in Orientalism)
21
Unit-III
1. Roman Jakobson: Linguistics and Poetics
2. Roland Barthes: Introduction to Structural Analysis of Narratives
The Death of the Author
1. Selden, Raman., A Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory. Brighton:

Harvester Press, 1985.
2. Guerin, W.L. et. al., A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature, NY: OUP,
1992.
3. Barricelli, J. and Gibaldi, J., Interrelations of Literature. NY: MLA of America,
1982.
4. Jaaware, Aniket., Simplifications. New Delhi: Orient Longman, 2001.
5. Fokkema, D. and Ibsch, E., Theories of Literature in the Twentieth Century. New
Delhi: Orient Longman, 1997.
6. Culler, Jonathan, Structuralist Poetics: Structuralism, Linguistics and the Study of
Literature. Ithaca: Cornell University, 1975.
7. Ward, Glen., Postmodernism, London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1997.
8. Loomba, Anita., Colonialism/Postcolonialism. London: Routledge, 1998.
9. Freedman, Jane., Feminism. New Delhi : Viva Books, 2002.
10. Howarth, David., Discourse. New Delhi : Viva Books, 2002
11. Zima, P.V., The Philosophy of Modern Literary Theory. London: The Athlone
Press, 1999.
12. Krishnaswamy, N. Varghese, John and Mishra, Sunita: Contemporary Literary
Theory: A Student's Companion. Delhi: Macmillan, 2001.
13. Wheeler, Kathleen and Indra C.T.: Explaining Deconstruction, Delhi: Macmillan,
1997.
22
Paper-VIII: Twentieth Century British Literature
Part-A:
them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows.
background)
texts, and as such shall relate to themes, concepts, actions, characters, setting, literary/
Part-B:
Unit-I
1. W.B. Yeats:
When you are old and grey
The Second Coming
A Prayer for my Daughter
Leda and the Swan
Sailing to Byzantium
Among School Children
Easter 1916
2. T.S. Eliot:
The Waste Land
Gerontion
23
3. Philip Larkin:
Church Going
The Whitsun Weddings
Toads
Dockery and Son
The Building
High Windows
Unit-II
1. Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness
2. William Golding: Lord of the Flies
Unit-III
1. John Osborne: Look Back in Anger
2. Harold Pinter: The Birthday Party
1. Freud, Sigmund., 'On Art and Literature' in Vol. 14 of the Pelican Freud Library.
2. Richards, I.A., Principles of Literary Criticism, London: Routledge and Kegan
Paul, 1926.
3. Empson, William., Seven Types of Ambiguity, London; Penguin, 1961.
4. Chadwick, Charles., Symbolism London: Methuen, 1971.
5. Benjamin Walter., Illuminations, London: Fontana, 1973.
6. Smith, Stan., Inviolable Voice, History and Twentieth Century Poetry, London:
Macmillan, 1982.
7. Williams, John., Twentieth Century British Poetry, London: Edward Arnold,
1987.
8. Camus, Albert., The Myth of Sisyphus, Penguin, 1975.
9. Brustein, Robert., The Theatre of Revolt, London: Methuen, 1962.
10. Stevenson, Randall., The British Novel Since the Thirties, London: Batsford,
1986.
11. Dipple, Elizabeth., Unresolvable Plot: Reading Contemporary Fiction. London:
Metheun
12. Bergonzi, Bernard., The Situation of the Novel, London: Macmillan, 1970.
13. Fraser, G.S., The Modern Writer and His World London: Curtis Brown, 1961.
14. Spender, Stephen., The Struggle of the Modern. Hamish Hamilton, 1963
24
Paper-IX: Introduction to Linguistics
Part-A:
of them. The distribution of questions shall be as follows :
3 questions from Unit-I (one each from different sections)
3 questions from Unit-II (one each from different sections)
3 questions from Unit-III atleast (one from each section)
As far as possible, the questions should be direct and to the point. The Questions may
relate both to theoretical and practical issues. The narrower the question, the better it is.
The students shall answer these questions within 100 words.
Part-B:
Three questions (one each from three units with interest choice) will be set. The students
will be required to attempt all.
sections In those units, where there are more than two sections, examiner may ask broad
based questions covering more than one section. If required, examiner may also have
sub-parts of a question.
Unit-I
1. The Nature and Functions of Language:
Language as system of Signs
Language as communication
Language as Social Behaviour
Varieties of Language: Social, Regional and Registeral.
2. Behaviourist and Mentalist theories of Language Acquisition
3. Semantics:
Kinds of Meaning, Reference and sense,
Denotation and Connotation
Polysemy, Synonymy, hyponymy and ambiguity
Semantics and pragmatics
25
Unit-II
Linguistic Theories:
1. Structural Theory:
Saussure: Signifier and Signified; Syntagmatic and paradigmatic Relations
Synchrony and Diachrony; Langue and Parole etc.
Bloomfied: Scientific Study of Language; Corpus based analysis; Discovery
Procedures; minimal pairs, pattern congruity, complementary distribution, IC
analysis.
2. Transformational Generative Theory: Chomsky; Competence and Performance,
Syntactic Structures,Phrase Structure rules, Basic transformational rules
e.g.negative, question, passive. Inter Personal, Deep Structure and Surface Structure
3. Functional Theory: Halliday: Functions of Language Ideational, Interpersonal
Textual.
Field, Tenor and Mode of Discourse.
Clause as message, exchange and representation.
Unit-III
Applied Linguistics:
1. Stylistics: Text and discourse; Deviation, Foregrounding and Cohesion.
2. Methods and Approaches to language Teaching: Grammar-Translation, Direct and
Audio-Lingual Methods; Structural and Communicative Approaches.
Recommended Readings:
1. Bloomfield, L. Language, Allen and Unwin, 1933.
2. De Saussure, Ferdinand. Course in General Linguistics (Tr. Wadw Baskin)NY:
McGraw Hill, 1959.
3. Chomsky, N. Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton, 1957
4. Chomsky, N. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1965
5. Halliday, M.A.K. Explorations in the functions of Language, London, Edward
Arnold, 1973
6. Halliday. M.A.K. An Introduction to the Functional Grammar, London: Edward
Arnold, 1985
7. Halliday, M.A.K. and Hassan, Ruquiya: Language, Context and Text. OUP, 1985.
8. Crystal David Linguistics.Penguin, 1985.
9. Yule, George The Study of Language, CUP, 1985.
10. Lyons, John. Language and Linguistics, CUP, 1981.
11. Verma, S.K. and Krishnaswami, N.: Modern Linguistics: An Introduction. Delhi:
OUP, 1989.
12. Traugott,Elizabeth C. and Bratt, L. Bratt: Linguistics for the students of
Literature. London: Harcourt, Brace and Jovanovich, 1980.
13. Laster, Mark, Introductory Transformational Grammar of English.
14. Morley, G.D. An Introduction to Systemic Grammar
15. Krishnaswami, N. Verma S.K. and Nagarajan, M.: Modern. Applied Linguistics.
Delhi: McMillan, 1992.
16. Hudson, R.A. Sociolinguistics, CUP, 1980.
17. Palmer, F.R. Semantics. CUP, 1996.
18. Leech, G.N. and Short, M.: Style in Fiction, London: Longman, 1981.
26
Paper-X: Opt.(i) American Literature
Part-A:
background)
texts and as such shall relate to themes, concepts,actions, characters, setting,
Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32) marks
Part-B:
carry 16 marks. (16x3=48) marks
Unit-I
1. Walt Whitman:
From Song of Myself Sec. 1, 6, 32, 40.
When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard
Bloom'd
Crossing Brooklyn Ferry
Passage to India
Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking
2. Robert Frost:
Neither Out Far Nor in Deep
Provide Provide
The Onset
Design
27
Mending Wall
The Road Not Taken
Desert Places
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy
Evening
Birches
The Gift Outright.
3. Wallace Stevens:
Peter Quince at the Clavier
Sunday Morning
Anecdote of the Jar
A High-toned Old
Christian Woman
Emperor of Ice Cream
Poetry is a Destructive Force
Of Modern Poetry
Thirteen ways of Looking at a
Blackbird
The Idea of Order at Key-West
Life is Motion
Unit-II
1. Nathaniel Hawthrone: The Scarlet Letter
2. Saul Bellow: The Victim
3. J.D. Salinger: Catcher in the Rye
Unit-III
1. Tennessee Williams: Street Car Named Desire
2. Arthur Miller: Death of a Salesman
1. Erich Fromm. The Sane Society. NY : Fawcett Premier, 1985.
2. Alter, Robert. Partial Magic: The Novel as a selfconscious. Genre. University of
California Press, 1973.
3. Lewis, R.W.B. Trials of the World: Essays in American Literature and the
Humanistic Tradition, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.
4. Mellard, J.M. The Exploded Form: The Modernist Novel in America, University
of Illinois Press, 1980.
5. Marlin, Irving, Jews and Americans. Southern Illinis University Press, 1965.
6. Mathiessen, F.O. American Rennaissance: Art and Expression in the Age of
Emerson and Whithman. NY: OUP, 1969.
7. Pearce, Roy Harvey. The Continuity of American Poetry. New Jersey: Princeton
University Press 1961.
8. Fiedler, Leslie, Love and Death in American Novel. NY : Dell, 1966.
9. Von Hallberg, Robert. American Poetry and Culture. Harvard University Press,
1985.
10. Lewis, R.W.B. The American Adam, University of Chicago Press, 1955.
11. Bradbury, Malcolm. The Modern American Novel, OUP, 1983.
12. Tanner, Tony. City of Words : American Fiction. NY: Harper Row.
28
Paper-X: Opt.(ii) World Classics in Translation
Part-A:
3 questions from Unit-II (atleast one each from different authors/texts)
3 questions with internal choice from Unit-III (one each from different authors/texts and
one on the literary background)
Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32) marks
Part-B:
carry 16 marks. (16x3=48) marks
Unit-I
1. Homer: The Iliad
2. Kalidasa: Shakuntala
3. Dante: The Inferno (From The Divine Comedy)
Unit-II
1. Fyodor Dostoevsky: Crime and Punishment
2. Franz Kafka: The Trial
3. Henrik Ibsen: Ghosts
Unit-III
1. Jean Paul Sartre: Nausea
2. Albert Camus: The Outsider
29
1. Eliot, T.S. 'What is a Classic'

2. Eliot, T.S. 'Modern Education and the Classics' in Selected Essays. London :
Faber and Faber,1972.
3. Calvino, Italo, Why Read the Classics? London: Vintage, 2000.
4. Highet, G. The Classical Tradition, OUP, 1949.
5. Thomson, J.A.K. The Classical Background to English Literature, London : Allen
and Unwin, 1950.
6. Baldry, H.C. Greek Literature and the Modern Reader, CUP, 1960.
7. Luckas, Georg, Studies in European Realism, London: 1972.
8. Camus, Albert, The Myth of Sisyphus, Penguin, 1975.
9. Auberach, Erich, Dante, Poet of the Secular World. Chicago University Press,
1961.
10. Whitman, C.H. Homer and the Heroic Tradition, New York: Norton, 1965.
11. Keith, A.B. A. History of Sanskrit Literature, OUP, 1920.
12. Sartre, Jean Paul, Existentialism and Humanism. London: Eyre Metheun, 1974.
13. Turnell, Martin, The Novel in France, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1950.
14. Bogard, Travis and Oliver. W.T. (ed.) Modern Drama, 1965.
30
Paper-X: Opt.(iii) Indian Writing in English Translation
Part-A:
3 questions with internal choice from Unit-III (one each from different authors/texts and
one on the literary background)
Part-B:
Unit-I
1. Rabindernath Tagore: Home and the World
2. Gurdial Singh: Night of the Half Moon
3. Bhisham Sahni: Tamas
Unit-II
1. U.R. Anathamurthy: Samskara
2. Vijay Tendulkar: Ghasiram Kotwal
3. Sadat Hasan Manto Kingdom's End and other stories (Penguin)
Unit-III
1. Guru Nanak: Japuji (tr. Khushwant Singh)
2. Shiv Batalvi: Luna (tr. B.M. Bhalla), Sahitya Academi
31
1. Sekhon, S.S. and Duggal, K.S.: A History of Punjabi Literature. ND: Sahitya
Academi, 1992.
2. George, K.M. (ed.) : Comparative Indian Literature 2 Vol. Madras : Macmillan,
1984.
Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature, 6 Vols. ND, 1987-94.
Indian Literature (A Journal of the Academi)
Journal of South Asian Literatrue (Published by Michigan State University).
3. Russell, Raplh : The Pursuit of Urdu Literature: A Select History, ND: OUP,
1992.
4. Dev, Amiya, Narrative : A Seminar, ND: Sahitya Academi, 1994.
5. Mukerji, Meenakshi : Realism and Reality: the Novel and Society in India. OUP,
1985.
6. Panja, Shormistha : Many Indias, Many Literatures: New Critical Essays, ND:
Worldview, 2001.
7. Nair, Rukmini Bhaya (ed.) : Translation, Text and Theory: The Paradigm of
India. ND: Sage, 2002.
8. Sharma, O.P. : Shiv Batalavi, A Solitary and a Passionate Singer. ND: Sterling,
1979.

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FACULTY OF LANGUAGES

GURU NANAK DEV UNIVERSITY

Paper I: English Poetry up to the Nineteenth Century

Paper VI: History of English Literature

Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32)

1. Sidney, Philip. : Defence of Poesy

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32)

1. Dryden, John : An Essay of Dramatic Poesy

2. Kreiger, Murray : The Tragic Vision. University of Chicago Press, 1960.

3. Frye, Northrop : A Natural Perspective: The development of Shakespearean

4. Bradbrok : M.C. Elizabethan Stage Condition, CUP, 1968.

5. Nicoll : A. The Theory of Drama, New Delhi; Doaba House, 1969.

6. Knight : Wilson. The Wheel of Fire, London: Methuen, 1969.

8. Williams : Raymond. Drama in Performance. Penguin, 1968.

9. Kitto : H.D.F. Form and Meaning in Drama, London: Methuen, 1956.

Illinois University Press, 1983.

11. Woodfield : James. English Theatre in Transition,1881-1914. London: Croom

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks)

1. Forster, E.M. Aspects of the Novel, London, 1927.

2. Kettle, Arnold., An Introduction to the English Novel. London: Hutchinson, 1951.

3. Gallagher, Catherine. The Industrial Reformation of English Fiction, University

of Chicago Press, 1985.

5. Auerbach, Erich. Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature,

Princeton. University Press, 1953.

6. Stern, J.P. On Realism. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973.

8. Gardner, John. On Moral Fiction, New York: Basic Books.

Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks).

Sec-3: Relative clauses; Apposition; restrictive and non-restrictive clauses. Adverbial

1. Sethi, J. and Dhamija P. V., A Course in Phonetics and Spoken English, ND :

Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks)

Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks)

York: Woodbury, 1971.

2. Vickers, Brian. Towards Greek Tragedy, London: Longman, 1973.

5. Kitto, H.D.F. Greek Tragedy : A Literary Study, London: Methuen, 1961.

6. Kitto, H.D.F. Form and Meaning in Drama, London: Methuen, 1956.

7. Lever, K. The Art of Greek Comedy, London: Methuen, 1956.

8. Kaufmann, W. Tragedy and Philosophy, London: Doubleday, 1969.

9. Hawthorn, Geoffrey. Tragedy, Myth and Mystery.

Literature and Belief. OUP, 1973.

Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks)

1. Walsh, William : A Manifold Voice, London: Chatto and Windus, 1970.

Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80

Each question will carry 4 marks. (8x4=32 marks)

I. Beginnings and Backgrounds:

1. Old English Period

1. Humanism and Reformation

III. Renaissance and Neoclassical Drama:

1. Traditional Religious Drama

II. Romantic Period:

1. Baugh, A.C.: A Literary History of England

2. Daiches, David: Critical History of English Literature

3. Sampson and Churchil: Cambridge History of English Literature, 3rd

4. Hudson W.H.: An Outline History of English Literature

5. Long W.J.: History of English Literature

7. W.W. Robson: Modern Literature

8. The New Pelican Guide to English Literature Series

9. The Sphere History of Literature Series