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The S7-1200 controller provides the flexibility and power to control a wide variety of devices in
support of your automation needs. The compact design, flexible configuration, and powerful
instruction set combine to make the S7-1200 a perfect solution for controlling a wide variety of
applications. The CPU combines a microprocessor, an integrated power supply, input and output
circuits, built-in PROFINET, high-speed motion control I/O, and on-board analog inputs in a
compact housing to create a powerful controller. After you download your program, the CPU
contains the logic required to monitor and control the devices in your application. The CPU
monitors the inputs and changes the outputs according to the logic of your user program, which
can include Boolean logic, counting, timing, complex math operations, and communications with
other intelligent devices. The CPU provides a PROFINET port for communication over a PROFINET
network. Additional modules are available for communicating over PROFIBUS, GPRS, RS485,
The CPU supports the following types of code blocks that allow you to create an efficient structure
● Organization blocks (OBs) define the structure of the program. Some OBs have predefined
behavior and start events, but you can also create OBs with custom start events .
● Functions (FCs) and function blocks (FBs) contain the program code that corresponds to specific
tasks or combinations of parameters. Each FC or FB provides a set of input and output parameters
for sharing data with the calling block. An FB also uses an associated data block (called an instance
DB) to maintain state of values between execution that can be used by other blocks in the
program.
● Data blocks (DBs) store data that can be used by the program blocks. The size of the user
program, data, and configuration is limited by the available load memory and work memory in the
CPU . There is no specific limit to the number of each individual OB, FC, FB and DB block. However,
Is a graphic language that allows you to represent the program in the form of electrical circuits.
Circuit elements, such as normally closed and normally open contacts and coils are connected
together to form segments (or "networks"). To create the logic for complex operations,
branches can be inserted to create parallel circuits. The parallel branches can be opened
counting and transfer. When creating a KOP segment it is important to consider the following
rules:
● Each LAD segment must end with a coil or a box instruction. Segments cannot be concluded
● It is not allowed to create branches that can cause a reversal of the current flow.
• For direct communication between two devices, it is not necessary to use an Ethernet
switch, which is essential if more than two devices are connected to the network.
device and a CPU. Since the CPU has Autocrossover functionality, a standard or crossover
Direct connection of a programming device to a CPU does not require an Ethernet switch.
follows:
2. MCR-T-UI-E(/NC)
Thermocouples.
thermocouples, with freely selectable temperature range, is available for the MCR-T-UI
converters:
– Thermocouples: -200...+2300°C
At the output side, the following analog standard signals can be used with normal (e. g.
– 0...20 mA
– 4...20 mA
– 0...10 V
– ±10 V
– 0...5 V
– 1...5 V
– ±5 V
A PNP transistor switching output (100 mA) with two switching points and eight switching
In this work the input range is set between 0-10V, that correspond to 0-100°C for the
temperature.
2.1 Output
– Analog output with either 0(4)...20 mA or 0...10 V, ±10 V, 0(1)...5 V, ±5 V with normal (e. g.
The loads must not fall below a voltage output of 10 kΩ and must not exceed a current
output of 500 Ω.
– PNP transistor switching output (100 mA) without freewheeling diode but with suppressor
diode for transient protection. You will need the MCR/PI-CONF-WIN configuration software
2.2 Input
The following sensor types and input signals can be processed on the input side:
-wire technology
– Thermocouples
differentials
– mV voltages of -20...+2400 mV
– Potentiometers up to 8 kΩ.
The analog input signal of the temperature sensor is digitized with a 24-bit resolution and
then supplied to a microcontroller. The microcontroller forms a digital output value in line
with the temperature from the input signal. This is supplied via optocouplers to a D/A
converter after electrical isolation. The corresponding output signals are realized using a
subsequent voltage or current level (e. g. 0...10 V, 0...20 mA). The microcontroller has an
integrated memory in which the program sequence for the measured value calculation is
programmable read-only memory). The programmed data remains in the memory even
3. THERMOCOUPLE
Thermocouples are temperature sensors that work by means of two different conductors,
joined at their ends. Inside them there is an electrical circuit formed by two metal
circulation is generated, c.d. electromotive force, if one of the two junctions is opened,
which is proportional to the temperature difference; these junctions are called hot joints
measured and cold junction (or "reference junction"), corresponding to the junction
between the thermocouple conductors and the measurement circuit , while the terminals
are at room temperature; the potential difference between them is proportional to the
The polarization and intensity of the electromotive force generated depends solely on the
type of the two metals that make up the thermocouple and on the temperature to which
the cold joint is at a known temperature (usually 0 ° C), so that the current loop
4. TDK-Lambda DPP-30-24
Is exceptionally compact and offers a single 30W 24Vdc 1.25A output from a universal 85 -
potentiometer. For higher power operation, two power supplies can be connected in
parallel.
Typical applications include industrial controls, factory automation and test &
measurement.
5. BOX
The box used was created by hand using two Wirewound Resistor ,to emulate the heating
of the box, and two fans ,one as a stirrer and one to emulate the cooling of the box. Thanks
to the relays connected to these devices, and controlled via the PLC, it is possible to
Due to the strength of the resistances it was appropriate to insert a polyurethane panel