THE POPULATION PROBLEM OF THE WORLD- INDIA,CHINA etc:

1. Growth of population has neutralised all development efforts.

2. We are adding more than 13 million people every year/ to
our existing population.
3. “Population Explosion”, is the very heart I of the problem of our existence.
4. We have to support about 14% H the world population with only 2.4% of the total land area of the world. 5.
Universality of marriage and hiph fertility per married couple is   the   major factor.
5. Illiteracy, ignorance   and   superstitions of the masses the contributory factor.
7. Increase in birth rate and decrease in death rate.
8. Population a problem because we are not able to harness in our productive forces.
9. Family planning a practical solution—provided artificial means of birth control ate with in the humble means
of masses.
10 “A radical change in overall national economy as all problems is inter-related.
Essay:
After 20 years of hard and earnest efforts to improve standard of living of our people, we have not gone far from
where we started. Though food production has gone up by 17 million tons during the 14 years from 1951 to
1965 bat the amount of food available for each ill
Person has decreased by 0.4 oz. Our efforts to provide employment and education facilities have been nullified
by the rapid rate of the growth of population.  We are adding to our population more than 13 million people
every year.   Thus, the population problem in India is assuming alarming proportions.   In Fact, it is not the rate
of population growth which is important, but the net increase in population from year to year. In 196 Census we
were 439.2 million, whereas in 1966, we rose to 489.9 million.   The marked increase of 2.4 per annum if
regularly maintained by us, we should grow to the staggering figure of one billion in course of 30 years.   We
have definitely reached the stage which may be called “Population Explosion”.
India leads the world in the birth rate.  The large number of birth rates arc due to universality of marriage and
high fertility per married couple.   Marriage in India is a religious necessity. Everyone must marry irrespective
of the physical, economic or social weakness. Not only that children must follow to justify the marriage, but a
soft is a religious necessity.  However, in the process of having a soul, the family grows to a stupendous volume.
Moreover fertility is high due TO the Fact that majority of people are illitrate. Indeed, death rates are also
exceptionally high owing to physical vigour, heavy incidence of epidemics, floods, droughts, famines and
pestilences, yet as compared to birth rate it is negligible. In 1961 the birth rate per thousand of population was
41.7 whereas the death rate for the same number stood at 22.8.
The population of the country has become a grim economic situation for we are not able to support it by out own
agricultural produce.   Besides neutralizing all development efforts the problem hrinw distress to the
community, to the family and the individual, in the words of our Prime Minister, “To plan when population
growth is unchecked, is like building a house where the ground is constantly flooded.”   An argument is put
forward that our country is overpopulated in the sense that vast potential resources of the conntry still lie
untapped.  Only 30% of the total arable area is being utilised for productive purpose ; 1/4 of our forest resources
are utilised ; there is annual wastage of 2/3 of our fisheries ; only 10% of water is being utilised.   In this way we
are utilising 1/3 of our total productive powers.   It is a pity that ihs vast resources of the country lie unused.   If
we are able to harness our productive forces even double the present population can be supported. Our
population problem does not consist merely in the increase in number of people. The real meaning and the
menace to the welfare of us all, lies in the effect of this rapidly increasing population on our ability to provide
essentials of life to everyone.

A decrease in population is possible either by (1) increase in death rate or (2) decrease in
birth rate or by (3) emigration.  No civilised country   would encourage death rate  and
imigration of large scale population to other countries is also not possible.  The only  feasible
method remains decreasing the birth rate. In this context family planning is the practical
solution. 

Family planning means deliberate attempt to reduce the birth rate. This implies that only late
marriages or voluntary restraints are not enough.   Any moral restraint does not constitute the
birth control.  Scientific birth control by the use of contraceptives is highly recommended and
even government has taken elaborate measures to propagate them.   However, the question
arises that the artificial means of birth control should be such that it is within- the humble
means of the masses.  The masses should be prepared and educated regarding the safety of
their application.the family planning movement has caught the imagination of the masses. It
has shown good results but the magnitude of the problem is enormous. A radical change is
required in our approach to national economy. We must understand that only population
control will not solve all our problems but other problems will not be solved without
population control. Birth control is only a partial solution of the population problem. The
imperative need of the country is rapid industrialization, rapid rise in living standards,
educational development and increased production of food grains