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Gwo-Ruey Lee
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Outlines
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 1/8
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 2/8
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 3/8
cos(2π f 2t )
s (t ) s (t )
∑ IFFT
cos(2π f N t )
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 4/8
Guard Interval
(Zero padding)
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 5/8
Guard Interval
(Cyclic Extension)
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 6/8
Subcarrier #1
Delayed subcarrier #2
Guard time FFT integration time=1/carrier spacing Guard time FFT integration time=1/carrier spacing
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
x bits d0 s0
Serial
Data d1 s1
Input
Serial-to-
Signal
Parallel- Guard D/A &
Up- s(t )
Parallel IFFT to-Serial Interval Low pass
Mapper Converter
Converter Converter Insertion Filter
d n −1 sn−1
Fast Fourier
Transform Subchannels
Guard
Intervals
Frequency
Symbols Channel
Time
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction 8/8
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
cos(2π f1t )
cos(2π f 2t )
b i s (t )
b i
S/P s (t )
∑
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
z Orthogonality
¾ Time domain Frequency domain
∞ ∞
∫ x1 ( t ) x ( t ) d t = 0
*
2 ⇔ ∫ X 1 ( f ) X 2* ( f ) d f = 0
−∞ −∞
¾ Bandpass signal
Orthogonal
(A)
1
T Orthogonal, n=3
(B)
1
T Orthogonal, n=2
(C)
f c + f1 fc + f2 fc + f3 fc + f4 f c + f5
(OFDM) Orthogonal, n=1
(D)
Non-orthogonal
(E)
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
0.8
1
0.6
subcarrier f1
0.8
0.4
4 2
0.6
0.2 31
0 0.4
-0.2
0.831.5
2.5
0.2
-0.4
0 0.6
-0.6 2 1
-0.2
-0.8
0.42
-1 -0.4 1.5
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 -10 -5 0 5 10
0.20.5
11
0
0
1 1.2
0.5
-0.20
0.8
1
subcarrier f 2
0.6
0-0.5
0.8 -0.4
0.4
0.6 -0.5
-1
0.2 -0.6 -1
0 0.4
-1
-0.8
-0.2
0.2
-0.4
-2-1.5
0 -0.8-0.8
-1.5
-1 -0.6-0.6 -0.4-0.4 -0.2-0.2 0 0 0.20.2 0.40.4 0.60.6 0.80.8
-0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
-0.2
-0.8
-1 -0.4
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 -10 -5 0 5 10
1.21.2
1 1.2
1 1
0.8
1
subcarrier f 3
0.6 0.80.8
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.2 0.60.6
0 0.4
-0.2
0.2 0.40.4
-0.4
0
-0.6
-0.2
0.20.2
-0.8
-1 -0.4
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 -10 -5 0 5 10
0 0
1 1.2
-0.2-0.2
0.8
1
subcarrier f 4
0.6
0.8 -0.4-0.4
0.4 -10-10 -5 -5 0 0 5 5 10
10 10
0.6
0.2
0 0.4
-0.2
0.2
-0.4
0
-0.6
-0.2
-0.8
-1 -0.4
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 -10 -5 0 5 10
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10
1
a1
2
a1
3
c2 cos(2π f 2t ) a1
4
a1
5
Data Stream
sMC (t) a1
6
Copier
∑ a1
7
t a1
8
t cN cos(2π f N t ) a1
9
a1
10
t
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
sMD (t ) f4
c(t ) cos(2π f 2t )
or f5
Data Stream
Serial to sMT (t ) t
Parallel
f6
∑ 1 3
5 7 9
Converter f7
2 4 6 8 10
t
c(t ) cos(2π f N t ) f8
f9
t
f10
1 5 7 9
3
2 4 6 8 10 CCU
t Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
z DAB
z HDTV
z Wireless LAN
z IEEE 802.16
z IEEE 802.20
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Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
¾ HIPERLAN2 (European)
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM – Wireless LANs
HIPERLAN2 5/17
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM – Wireless LANs
IEEE 802.11g Standards 7/17
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM – Wireless LANs
IEEE 802.11g Standards 8/17
z Operational modes
¾ 802.11b Mode
¾ OFDM Mode (Support of 6, 12 and 24 Mbit/s data rates is
mandatory )
¾ PBCC-22 and PBCC-33 Modes (Optional)
¾ CCK-OFDM Modes (Optional)
模式 資料速率(Mbit/s) 調變技術
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM – Wireless LANs
IEEE 802.11a/b/g Standards 9/17
Maximum Theoretical Data Rate Mixed-Mode Data Rate vs. 802.11g Data Rate
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM –
IEEE 802.16 12/17
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM –
IEEE 802.16 13/17
25 20 40 80 120
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM –
IEEE 802.20 14/17
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM –
IEEE 802.20 15/17
Mobile Broadband
Wireless Access
Home
Domain
Video Streaming -
Conferencing Apps
Video Streaming -
Conferencing Apps
Field Service Apps
Portable Remote
Access Services
Work
Domain Seamless High BW Connectivity
Portable
Ubiquitous
Office
Experience
Hotel/Motel
Mobile Office (Voice
and Data Apps)
Mobile
Portable Services
Domain Mobile Commerce
Services
Reservations-Listings
Directions Services
Video Streaming -
Conferencing Apps
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Applications of OFDM –
IEEE 802.20 17/17
Peak User Data Rate 4.5 Mbps 2.25 Mbps 18 Mbps 9 Mbps
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction to Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing Technique
z Readings
¾ Pandharipande A., “Principles of OFDM,” Potentials, IEEE
Vol. 21, Issue 2, pp.16 – 19, Apr-May 2002.
¾ Zou, W.Y.; Yiyan Wu, “ COFDM: An overview ”
Broadcasting, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 41 Issue: 1, pp. 1 –
8, Mar. 1995.
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
References
z [1] Richard van Nee, Ramjee Prasad, OFDM wireless multimedia communication, Artech
House Boston London, 2000.
z [2] Ahmad R. S. Bahai and Burton R. Saltzberg, Multi-carrier digital communications -
Theory and applications of OFDM, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers New York,
Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow 1999.
z [3] Ramjee Prasad, “OFDM based wireless broadband multimedia communication,” Letter
Notes on ISCOM’99, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Nov 7-10, 1999.
z [4] L. Hanzo, W. Webb and T. Keller, Single- and multi-carrier quadrature amplitude
modulation – Principles and applications for personal communications, WLANs and
broadcasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2000.
z [5] Mark Engels, Wireless Ofdm Systems: How to Make Them Work? Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
z [6] Lajos Hanzo, William Webb, Thomas Keller, Single and Multicarrier Modulation:
Principles and Applications, 2nd edition, IEEE Computer Society.
z [7] John A. C. Bingham, ADSL, VDSL, and Multicarrier Modulation, Wiley-Interscience.
z [8] Lajos Hanzo, Choong Hin Wong, Mong-Suan Yee, Adaptive Wireless Transceivers:
Turbo-Coded, Turbo-Equalized and Space-Time Coded TDMA, CDMA and OFDM
Systems , John Wiley & Sons.
z [9] Wolfgang Hoeg, Thomas Lauterbach, Digital Audio Broadcasting: Principles and
Applications, John Wiley & Sons.
z [10] Robert Goodman , The Guide To Digital Television, second edition, Miller Freeman
PSN, Inc
z [11] John Terry, Juha Heiskala, OFDM Wireless LANs: A Theoretical and Practical Guide,
Sams. CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
References
z [12] Jim Geier, Wireless LANS, Implementing High Performance IEEE 802.11 Networks,
second edition, Sams.
z [13] Neil Reid and Ron Seide, 802.11(Wi-Fi) Networking Handbook, Mc Graw Hill.
z [14] Zou, W.Y.; Yiyan Wu, “ COFDM: An overview ” Broadcasting, IEEE Transactions on,
Vol. 41 Issue: 1, pp. 1 –8, Mar. 1995.
z [15] Mosier, R. R., and R. G. Clabaugh, “ Kineplex, a bandwidth efficient binary
transmission system ” AIEE Trans., Vol. 76, pp. 723-728, Jan. 1958.
z [16] Porter, G. C., “ Error distribution and diversity performance of a frequency
differential PSK HF, modem ” IEEE Trans. Comm. Vol., COM-16, pp. 567-575 Aug. 1968
z [17] Zimmerman, M. S., and A. L. Kirsch, “ The AN/GSC-10 (KATHRYN) variable rate
data modem for HF radio ” IEEE Trans. Comm. Vol., COM-15, pp. 197-205 Apr. 1967.
z [18] S. Weinstein and P. Ebert, “ Data transmission by frequency division multiplexing
using the discrete Fourier transform ” IEEE Trans. Comm., Vol. COM-19, pp. 628-634,
October 1971.
z [19] B. Hirosaki, “ An analysis of automatic equalizers for orthogonally multiplexed QAM
system ” IEEE Trans. Comm., Vol. COM-28, pp. 73-83, Jan. 1980
z [20] B. Hirosaki, “ An orthogonally multiplexed QAM system using the discrete fourier
transform ” IEEE Trans. Comm., Vol., COM-29 pp. 73-83, Jan. 1980
z [21] Radio broadcasting system: Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) to mobile, portable
and fixed receivers. ETS 300 401, ETSI-European Telecommunication Standards
Institute, Valbonne, France, Feb. 1995.
z [22] Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services. European
Telecommunication Standard, prETS 300 744 (Draft, version 0.0.3), Apr. 1996.
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
References
z [23] Khun-Jush, J.; Malmgren, G.; Schramm, P.; Torsner, J. “ Overview and
performance of HIPERLAN type 2-a standard for broadband wireless
communications ” Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings, 2000. VTC
2000-Spring Tokyo. 2000 IEEE 51st, Vol. 1 pp. 112 -117 Vol.1, 2000.
z [24] IEEE Standards Department, “ IEEE 802.11 draft standard for wireless
LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specification ”
P802.11 D6.1, May 1997.
z [25] IEEE P802.11a/D2.0. “ Draft supplement to standard for telecommunications and
information exchange between systems – LAN/MAN specific requirement-Part II:
Wireless MAC and PHY Specifications: High speed physical layer in the 5GHz band ”
1997.
z [26] Chow, P. S., J. C. Tu and J. M. Cioffi, “ Performance evaluation of a multichannel
transceiver system for ADSL and VHDSL services ” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, Vol. 9 Issue: 6 pp. 909 -919, Aug. 1991
z [27] “ Universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS); UMTS terrestrial radio
access (UTRA); Concept evaluation,” tech, rep., ETSI, 1997. TR 101 146.
z [28] “54 Mbps IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN at 2.4 GHz, Deploying standards-based
Wireless LAN solutions ” White Paper, Dec. 2002.
z [29] “IEEE 802.16.2, Recommended Practices to Facilitate the Coexistence of
Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) Systems: Working Document, Draft 5, ” IEEE
802.16.2-00/01r5, 2000.
CCU
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.