USII-Level 1/Honors Orleck

2011 Midterm Review Guide

Format: Your midterm exam will be a cumulative exam covering all the material we
have done up to this point. This will be a scan-tron exam that will consist of multiple
choice, true/false, matching/identifications, map analysis, as well as a written
response. Please note that your exam will include new material from our
“Imperialism unit”.

Review: Preparation is the absolute key to successfully preparing for cumulative

exams. We will review in class during “Reading Days”, but you absolutely MUST be
disciplined and create a multi-day study plan and schedule. If you would like help
with study skills, please do not hesitate to see me.

Organization: I expect you to create tangible study materials for this exam. Simply
reading over notes is not enough. You should have ALL materials from the year
organized. Expect your study guide to be checked at random intervals in the time
leading up to the exam.

Unit I: Western Migration

Unit Essential Question: What were the motivations for westward expansion? Why did the
United States feel they had a right to assimilate and Native Americans as they pushed west?

Key Questions:
• In what ways did the U.S. try to assimilate Native Americans?
• What was the source of conflict among the U.S. government, white settlers and Native
Americans?
• How did the Native Americans resist and protest the treatment by the U.S. government
and soldiers?
• What types of economic incentives did the United States government provide to settlers in
the west to encourage growth of private property ownership?
• What technological advancements helped make farming profitable?
• How did cattle ranching and mining expand opportunities for settlement?
• Do you think the federal government had the right to give away land on which Native
Americans already live? Was the "free land" offered by the Homestead Act really free?
How does a government get people to move to an area where few people live?
• Having suffered slavery and oppression themselves, how do you think the buffalo soldiers
justified supporting the government's oppression of the Native Americans?

Terms:

Homestead Act Treaty of Medicine Lodge Comstock Lode

Bureau for Indian Affairs Crazy Horse Hydraulic Mining
Sand Creek Massacre Bonanza Farms Dawes General Allotment
Battle at Wounded Knee Barbed Wire Act
Ghost Dance Steelhead Buffalo Soldiers
General Custer Exodusters Chinese Exclusion Act
Sitting Bull Texas Longhorn Treaty of Medicine Lodge
Battle of Little Big Horn Treaty of Medicine Lodge Crazy Horse
Crazy Horse Battle of Little Big Horn
Unit II: The Second Industrial Revolution

Essential Question:
How did the second Industrial Revolution reorder and change American
society?

Key Terms
• What global economic theories encouraged Industrialization in
the United States?
• In what ways did the actions and businesses of the 19th century
Industrialists benefit U.S. society? How did their actions/business
help or harm the quality of life?
• What is the legacy of the Industrialists?
• What important technological and scientific advances led to the
Industrial Revolution?
• How did business leaders, entrepreneurs and inventors
contribute to the Industrial Revolution?

Key Terms:

Patent Urbanization John Stuart Mill

Transcontinental Anarchists
Railroad Knights of Labor
Telegraph American
Bessemer Process Federation of Labor
Steel Triangle Shirtwaist
Economics Factory
Capitalism Homestead Strike
Free Enterprise Homestead Riots
Social Darwinism Robber Baron
Communism Captain of Industry
Socialism Philanthropy
Utilitarianism Gospel of Wealth
Laissez-faire Carnegie
Corporation Rockefeller
Trust J.P. Morgan
Monopoly Vanderbilt
Vertical Integration Karl Marx
Horizontal Adam Smith
Integration Jeremy Bentham
Unit III: Urbanization & Immigration in a Changing World (our
assessment for this unit was the neighborhood city tour)

Essential Question: What factors pushed/pulled immigrants to move to the

United States in the late 1800’s and early 20th Century?

Key Question:
How did immigration change during the late 1800s?
What challenges did immigrants face in the United States?
Where culd immigrants find assistance
What was the nativist response to waves of immigration?
What was urban life like?
How did social reformers uses settlement houses and churches to improve the
lives of the poor?

Terms:
New v. Old Immigrants
Benevolent societies
Settlement houses
Emma Lazarus
Ellis Island
Citizenship/immigration requirements
Economic/Social/Political reasons for immigrating
NY Neighborhoods/Ethnicities
Anti-Irish sentiment
nativism

Unit IV: Politics & the Gilded Age

Unit Essential Question:

• How did rapid industrialization, urbanization, and change in
demographics change politics in the United States?

Lesson Key Questions:

• How did political machines emerge in the United States?
• Were political bosses corrupt?
• What was the role of new immigrants in the political process?
• How did corruption and illegal activities develop in many urban
political machines?
• What effect did Thomas Nast’s cartoons have on corruption at
Tammany Hall?
• What triggered the need for political reform? How did this desire
change the Republican party?
• How was reforming the civil service system a way of restoring
government during the Gilded Age?
• How did subsequent Presidents in the 19th century reform
policies?
 • What factors lead to economic hardships for farmers?
• What was the platform and purpose of the Populist party? Why
and how did the party attract millions of supporters?
• How did silver affect the economy and the 1896 presidential
election ?

Terms:

Political machines Cooperatives National Grange

Political bosses Graduated income Sourcing
Graft tax Contextualization
Kickbacks Gold standard Corroboration
William Marcy Interstate
Tweed Commerce Act Presidents:
Thomas Nast Bland Allison Act Garfield
Tammany Sherman Silver Arthur
Stalwarts Purpose Act Cleveland
Pendelton Civil Populist Party Harrison
Service Act James B. Weaver McKinley
Credit Mobilier William Jennings
Mugwumps Bryant

Unit V: Progressivism

Essential Question:
How did a Progressive agenda shape economic, social and political
reforms in the United States?

Main Idea: The Progressives challenged many aspects of 19th century

society and economics, notably laissez-faire theories, heartless
industrialization, and political corruption. Progressives took steps to
protect the environment and secured the right to vote for women.

Key Questions:
• What were the motivations of Progressive social reformers? How
were their attitudes toward “the other” reflected in their
programs and policies’?

• What are the motivations behind progressive reformers’ actions

and what ideas influenced their thinking?

• What does it mean to be scientific? In what ways did “scientific”

thinking influence policies and ideas of the progressive era?
• What happens to a society when science & education defines
human beings as superior or inferior? How do these ideas affect
public policy and human lives?

• During the Progressive Age, how was science used and misused
to develop policy?
• How did African Americans contribute to the Progressive Era?
Who was a stronger advocate for African Americans: Washington
or Dubois?

• In what ways did Progressive Politicians change American

Society? Which President was the most “progressive?”

• To what extent did Theodore Roosevelt provide a square deal for

the American people?

• What attitudes about women and their relationships with men

had to be overcome before women could take their rightful place
in American society? What were the arguments for and against
suffrage?

• What divisions in the Republican Party lead to the formation of

the Progressive Party?
• How did reformers seek to limit the power of big business and to
make government more democratic in the early 1900s?

• Why were the 16th, 17th, and 19th Amendments adopted?

TERMS
Muckraker Initiative Woodrow Wilson
Settlement Referendum Eugene Debs
Houses Seventeenth New Freedom
Australian Ballot Amendment Federal Reserve
Personal Wisconsin Idea Act
Registration Upton Sinclair Clayton Anti
Laws Arbitration Trust
Disenfranchisem Elkins Act Commission
ent Hepburn Act Prohibition
Suffrage Meat Inspection Federal Trade
NAACP Act Commission
Socialism Pure Food and National
Square Deal Drug Act American
Bull Moose National Park Women Suffrage
Campain Service Association
Tariff Reform William Howard Alice Paul
Progressive Taft Nineteenth
Income Tax Sixteenth Amendment
Direct Primary Amendment
 Theodore Jane Adams Ida Tarbell
Roosevelt Jacob Riis Margaret Sanger
Eugenics Upton Sinclair
Samuel Morton Ida. B. Wells

Unit VI: Imperialism (America becomes a world power. . . )

Unit Essential Question:

What were the economic, social and political motivations for acquiring
land and territories beyond the natural boundaries of the United
States?

Key Questions:

• Why was there such a huge debate about the decision of the
United States to acquire territories outside its natural
boundaries?
• How did Social Darwinism influence American Foreign Policy at
the turn of the century?
• What were the arguments for and against American
Imperialism?
• To what extent did the United States become an imperial power?
• Should one country have the right to dictate the actions of
another country?
• How much influence and control did the Philippines have over its
own territory?
• What benefits did America and European power gain from
trading with Asia?

Terms

Imperialism The Dole Company Philippine

White Man’s Open Door Policy Government Act
Burden The Boxer Jones Act of 1916
Rudyard Kipling Rebellion Protectorate
The Berlin Matthew Perry Dollar Diplomacy
Conference Jose Marti Platt Amendment
Manifest destiny William Randolph Foraker Act
Subsidy Hearst Roosevelt Corollary
Spheres of USS Maine (to the Monroe
Influence Teller Amendment Doctorine)
Henry Cabot Lodge George Dewey Mexican Revolution
Kalakaua Emilio Aguinaldo Pancho Villa
Liliuokalani Rough Riders
John Hay