Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Level 1-Semester 1- 2009

MA 1012- MATHEMATICS
_________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT 13
(Distributed on the week starting on 30/11/2009)
1. The diameter 𝑿 , of an electrical cable, is assumed to be a random variable with a pdf 𝑓𝑋 (∙) where
𝑐𝑥 1 − 𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1;
𝑓𝑋 𝑥 =
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 .
a. Find c ;
b. Find 𝑃 0.5 ≤ 𝑿 ≤ 0.75 , 𝑃 𝑿 ≤ 0.75 0.5 ≤ 𝑿 ≤ 0.9 ; c. Find the cdf 𝐹𝑋 (∙) of 𝑋;
d. Calculate 𝐸 𝑿 and 𝑉𝑎𝑟 𝑿 ; e. Determine the number 𝑘 such that 𝑃 𝑿 < 𝑘 = 𝑃(𝑿 > 𝑘)
2. Let X represent the number of cars and Y the number of trucks that pass through a certain toll
booth in a one-minute time interval. The joint probability mass function of X and Y is given in the
following table.
Y
X 0 1 2 a. Find the marginal probability mass function 𝑃𝑋 (𝑥)
0 0.10 0.05 0.05 and 𝑃𝑌 (𝑦).
1 0.10 0.10 0.05 b. Find 𝜇𝑋 , 𝜇𝑌 , 𝜍𝑋 and 𝜍𝑌
2 0.05 0.20 0.10 c. Find 𝐶𝑜𝑣 𝑋, 𝑌 and 𝜌𝑋,𝑌
3 0.05 0.05 0.10
3. An analysis of monthly wages paid to the workers of two firms A and B belonging to the same
industry gives the following results
Firm A Firm B a. Which firm has the higher wage
Number of workers 500 600 bill?
Average daily wage Rs 186.00 Rs 175.00 b. In which firm is there a greater
Variance of distribution of wages 81 100 variability in individual wages?
c. Calculate the average daily wage and the variance of the distribution of wages of all the workers in
firms A and B taken together

𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 8
4. Let 𝑓 𝑥 = Find all the discontinuities of 𝑓. If a discontinuity is removable,
𝑥 3 − 13𝑥 2 + 52𝑥 − 60
remove it by redefining. For the other discontinuities, explain why those can’t be removed.

5. Determine whether each of the following series converges. In each case justify your answer.
∞ ∞ ∞
𝑛 𝑛! (2𝑛)!
𝑎. 𝑏. 𝑐. −1 𝑛 ( 𝑛 + 1 − 𝑛)
𝑛3 + 𝑛 + 1 (3𝑛)!
𝑛=1 𝑛=1 𝑛=1

6. Show that the following series converges for any 𝑎 > 1.

∞
𝑛
2 𝑎
𝑛=1 (𝑛 + 1)(log(𝑛2 + 1))

7. Consider the three points P(2,3,1), Q(4,2,5) and R (1,6,-3).

a. Find the equation of the line through P and Q
b. Find the equation of the plane perpendicular to the line in part (a) and passing through R.
c. Find the distance between R and the line in part (a).
d. Find the area of the parallelogram with the three points as vertices.
e. Find the equation of the plane through the three points.
f. Find the distance of the origin (0, 0, 0) from the plane in part (e).
g. Are the planes in parts (b) and (e) perpendicular? Justify your assertion.
Department of Mathematics, 27/11/2009
 Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Level 1-Semester 1- 2009

MA 1012- MATHEMATICS
_________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT 12
(Write answers to all questions and submit on or before 12/12/2009)
1. A dart is flung at a circular dartboard of radius 3.Suppose that the probability that the dart lands in
some region 𝑨 of the dartboard is proportional to the area 𝑨 of 𝑨. i.e., is equal to |𝑨| 9𝜋 .For each of
the scoring systems defined below:
Determine the cumulative distribution function of the score 𝑿; calculate the expected value 𝐸 𝑿 of the
score. Below are the scoring systems:
a. 𝑿 = 𝟒 − 𝒊 ,if the distance 𝒁 of the dart to the center of the dartboard is in (𝑖 − 1 , 𝑖] for 𝑖 = 1,2,3.
b. 𝑿 = 𝟑 − 𝒁 ,where 𝒁 is as in part a.
2. If X and Y are uncorrelated random variables with means zero and variances 𝜍1 2 and 𝜍2 2 respectively,
show that 𝑼 = 𝑿𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 + 𝒀𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 and 𝑽 = 𝑿𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 − 𝒀𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 have a correlation coefficient 𝝆 given by
𝜍1 2 − 𝜍2 2
𝝆= 𝟏 .
2
(𝜍1 − 𝜍2 ) + 4𝜍1 𝜍2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2𝛼 𝟐
2 2 2 2 2

3. i. Let X be a random variable with probability mass function

a. Given that E[X] = 0.1, find 𝛼 and 𝛽.
Using the values of 𝛼 and 𝛽 obtained in part a.
b. Calculate Var(X).
c. Given that E[𝑿3 ] = 2.9, find E[5(𝑿 − 𝐸[𝑿])3 ].
ii. From 10 pairs of observations for 𝑥 and 𝑦 the following data is obtained: 𝑛 = 10, 𝑥 = 66,
𝑦 = 69, 𝑥 2 = 476, 𝑦 2 = 521, 𝑥𝑦 = 485. It was later found out that two pairs 𝑥, 𝑦 of (correct)
values (4,6) and (9,8) were erroneously copied down as (2,3) and (7,5) respectively.
Calculate the correct value of the correlation coefficient. Can you deduce a rough scatter plot for the
data set?
4. i. Let 𝑎𝑛 be a sequence. Prove that , lim𝑛 →∞ 𝑎𝑛 = 0 ⇔ lim𝑛 →∞ 𝑎𝑛 = 0
ii. Let 𝑎𝑛 be a sequence such that lim𝑛 →∞ 𝑎𝑛 = 𝐿. Define 𝑏𝑛 = (𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛 ) 𝑛 ∀ 𝑛 𝜖 𝒁+.
Prove that 𝑏𝑛 is also convergent and that , lim𝑛→∞ 𝑏𝑛 = 𝐿
5. A sequence 𝑥𝑛 is defined inductively by 𝑥1 = 1 and 𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 + 6 for every 𝑛 𝜖 𝒁+.
i. Prove that 𝑥𝑛 is increasing, and 𝑥𝑛 < 3 for every 𝑛 𝜖 𝒁+.
ii. Deduce that 𝑥𝑛 converges as 𝑛 → ∞ and find its limit.
6.
i. Find the image of the point (3,5,7) in the plane 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 6.
𝑥−2 𝑦 −2 𝑧−3
ii. Find the co ordinates of the foot of the perpendicular from (5,9,3) to the line 2 = 3 = 4
Find also the length of the perpendicular and its equation.
𝑥−5 𝑦−7 𝑧+3 𝑥+1 𝑦−1 𝑧+1
iii. Show that the lines = = and = = are coplanar .
4 4 −5 4 5 −1
and find the equation of the plane containing them.
7. i. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the plane
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 7𝑧 = 2 and 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 10𝑧 = 8 and perpendicular to the plane 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4𝑧 − 5 = 0.
ii. Find the distance of the point (1,-2, 3) from 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 5 parallel to 𝒓 = 𝑡(2,3, −6).
iii. The edges 𝑂𝐴, 𝑂𝐵, 𝑂𝐶 of a tetrahedron 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶 are 𝒂 = 2𝒊 + 4𝒋, 𝑏 = 2𝒊 − 𝒋 + 3𝒌, 𝑐 = 4𝒊 − 2𝒋 + 5𝒌.
Evaluate 𝒃 × 𝒄 and deduce that 𝑂𝐴 is perpendicular to the plane 𝑂𝐵𝐶.
Compute the length of 𝑂𝐴 and the area of ∆𝑂𝐵𝐶 and hence the volume of the tetrahedron.
Verify your result by applying the concept of triple scalar product.
iv. The position vectors of three non-collinear points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 with respect to the origin 𝑂, are
𝒂, 𝒃, and 𝒄 respectively. Given than 𝑂 does not lie on the plane 𝐴𝐵𝐶, Show that
If the point 𝑃 with position vector 𝒑 = 𝜆𝒂 + 𝜇𝒃 lies on the line 𝐴𝐵, then 𝜆 + 𝜇 = 1;
If the point 𝑄 with position vector 𝒒 = 𝛼𝒂 + 𝛽𝒃 + 𝛾𝒄 lies in the plane 𝐴𝐵𝐶, then 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 = 1.
Department of Mathematics, 27/11/2009