2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

1. Vector, 2 + 3 = 5 marks
2p  1 
   
a =  3 p  and b =  −2  , p > 0. Given a = b
~ ~ ~ ~
6p  2
   
(i) a = p 2 ( 4 + 9 + 36 ) = 7 p ( since p > 0) and b = 1 + 4 + 4 = 3 .
~ ~

3
a = b ⇒p = .
~ ~ 7
(ii) ( a+ b )i( a− b )
~ ~ ~ ~
2 2
= a − a ib + bia − b , given a = b and aib = bia
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

= 0 (shown)

2. Maclaurin series, 3 + 3 = 6 marks

(i) e x (1 + sin 2 x )
 ( 2x) 
3
 x2
= 1 + x + + ... 1 + 2 x − + ...
 2!   3! 

x2
= 1 + 2 x + x + 2 x 2 + + ...
2
2
5x
=1 + 3x + + ... .
2
(1 + 43 x )
n
(ii)
n ( n − 1) 4 2
= 1 + 4 nx +
3 2 3
x +... ( )
8n ( n − 1) 2
= 1 + 4 nx + x +...
3 9
4 nx = 3 x ⇒ n = 9 .
3 4
5x2
Third term of e x (1 + sin 2 x ) = .
2
8n ( n − 1) 2 8  9   5  2 5x2
Third term of (1 + 43 x ) =
n
x =    x = .
9 9  4  4  2
Therefore, third of both series are equal.

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 1
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

3. Sequence, 3 + 2 + 4 = 9 marks.

Given Sn = n ( 2n + c ) .
(i) un = Sn − Sn−1
= n ( 2n + c ) − ( n − 1)( 2n − 2 + c )
= ( 2n 2 + nc ) − ( 2n 2 − 2n + nc − 2n + 2 − c )
= 4n − 2 + c .
(ii) un+1 = 4 ( n + 1) − 2 + c = 4 + 4n − 2 + c = 4 + un .

4. Application of differentiation, 4 + 4 = 8 marks.

(i) x 2 − y 2 + 2 xy + 4 = 0
Differentiate with respect to x,
dy dy
2x − 2 y + 2 y + 2x = 0
dx dx
dy
2 ( x − y) + 2( x + y) = 0
dx
dy x + y
= , y ≠ x.
dx y − x

dy
(ii) When tangent is parallel to x-axis, = 0.
dx
dy
= 0 ⇒ y = −x .
dx
Substitute y = −x into given equation,
x2 − x2 − 2x2 + 4 = 0
x=± 2
Hence, the co-ordinates are ( ) ( )
2 ,− 2 and − 2 , 2 .

5. Graphing and transformation, 5 + 3 = 8 marks.

Given the curve with equation y = x3.
(i) After translation of 2 units in the positive x-direction, y = (x – 2)3.
1
After stretch with scale factor 12 parallel to the y-axis, y = ( x − 2 ) .
3

2
1
After translation of 6 units in the negative y-direction, y = ( x − 2 ) − 6 .
3

2
1
When x = 0, y = − ( 8 ) − 6 = −10 .
2
When y = 0, x = 2 + 3 12

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 2
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

y
y=x

Graph of y = f −1 ( x ) ( 0,2 + 12 )
3
Graph of y =
1
( x − 2) − 6
3

x
(−10,0) O (2 + 3
12 ,0 )

(0,−10)

6. Calculus, 2 + 2 + 4 + 2 = 10 marks.
y = x3 − 3 x + 1
(i) From GC, α = -1.879, β =0.347, γ =1.532 (3 d.p.)
(ii) Area bounded by the curve and x-axis from β to γ
x − 3 x + 1 dx = 0.781 unit2. (3 s.f.) (by GC)
1.532 3
= ∫0.347
(iii) Solve y = x3 − 3x + 1 and y = 1, x ( x 2 − 3) = 0 ⇒ x = 0, − 3 or 3.
Area of shaded region
= ∫ 3 x − 3x + 1 dx − 3 unit2
0 3

0
 x 4 3x 2 
=  − + x  − 3 unit2
4 2 − 3
9 9 
= −  − − 3  − 3 unit2
4 2 
9
= unit2.
2

dy
(iv) = 3x 2 − 3
dx
d2y
= 6x
dx 2
Hence, local maximum point and minimum point at (−1, 3) and (1, −1) respectively.
Set of value of k are {k ∈ ℝ | −1 < k < 3}.

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 3
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

7. Differential Equation, 7 + 4 = 11 marks

dθ
= k ( 20 − θ )
dt
1 dθ
⇒ =k
( 20 − θ ) dt
1
⇒∫ dθ = ∫ k dt
20 − θ
⇒ − ln 20 − θ = kt + ln c --------- (*)
1
When t = 0, θ = 10 ⇒ c = .
10
dθ 1
When θ = 10, =1 ⇒k = .
dt 10
20 − θ −
t
−
t
From (*) = e 10 ⇒ θ = 20 − 10e 10 (shown).
10

t
− 1
When θ = 15, e 10
=
2
t = 10ln 2 minutes.
t
−
When t → ∞ , e 10 → 0 .
Therefore, for large values of t, θ ≈ 20 oC.

y
t
−
Graph of θ = 20 − 10e 10

20

10

x
O

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 4
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

8. Complex Number, 2 + 3 + 4 + 2 = 11 marks.

Given z1 = 1 + i 3 and z2 = −1 − i .
 π π
(i) z1 = 2  cos + i sin 
 3 3
 3π 3π 
z2 = 2  cos − i sin 
 4 4 
z π 3π 13π 11π
(ii) Arg ( 1 ) = arg(z1) – arg(z2) = + = = − .
z2 3 4 12 12
z1
= 2
z2
11π
z1 −i
= 2e 12
z2
11π
z1 i  11π 11π 
Conjugate of = 2 e 12 = 2  cos + i sin .
z2  12 12 
(iii) Im
z − z1 = 2

arg ( z − z2 ) = π
4

z1 = 1 + i 3

O Re
z 2 = −1 − i

( )
2
z − z1 = 2 , in Cartesian form, ( x − 1) + y − 3
2
(iv) = 4.

When y = 0, ( x − 1) = 1 ⇒ x = 0 or 2 .
2

The locus of z − z1 = 2 meets the positive real axis at x = 2.

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 5
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

9. Application of Differentiation, 6 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12 marks.

(i) Let A be the total external surface area of the box and the lid.
A = 3x2 + 8xy + 3x2 + 8kxy = 6 x 2 + 8 xy (1 + k )
Since the box can hold 300 cm3 of powder, 3x2y = 300.
100
Then y = 2 .
x
100
Substitute y = 2 into A = 6 x 2 + 8 xy (1 + k ) .
x
800
A = 6x2 + (1 + k )
x
dA 800
= 12 x − 2 (1 + k )
dx x
dA
Let = 0 , 3 x3 − 200 (1 + k ) = 0
dx
3 200(1+ k )
⇒x= 3
.
d2A 1600
2
= 12 + 3 (1 + k )
dx x
3 200(1+ k )
d2A
When x = 3
, = 12 + 24 = 36 > 0.
dx 2
3 200(1+ k )
Hence, when x = 3
the total external area is minimum.

y 100
(ii) = .
x x3
y 3 3
= 100 × =
x 200 (1 + k ) 2 (1 + k )
(iii) Given 0 < k ≤ 1 .
1 < 1+ k ≤ 2
1 1
≤ <1
2 1+ k
3 3 3 3 y 3
⇒ ≤ < , that is , ≤ < .
4 2 (1 + k ) 2 4 x 2
3
(iv) For the box to have a square end, y = x, from (ii) = 1.
2 (1 + k )
3 1
1+ k = ⇒k=
2 2

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 6
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

10. Line and Plane Vectors, 2 + 4+ 3 + 3 = 12 marks.

 x   10   −1
x − 10 y + 1 z + 3      
Given line l :
−3
=
6
=
9
, vector equation of l:  y  =  −1  + λ  2  , λ ∈ ℝ .
 z   −3  3
     
Plane p : x – 2y – 3z = 0

 −1 1
   
(i) From  2  = −  −2  , direction vector of l is parallel to normal vector of p.
3  −3 
   
Hence, l is perpendicular to p.

(ii) Substitute equation of l into x – 2y – 3z = 0

 10 − λ   1 
  
 −1 + 2λ i −2  = 0 , k is a real number.
 −3 + 3λ   −3 
  
.
⇒ 10 − λ + 2 − 4λ + 9 − 9λ = 0
k = 1.5
Co-ordinates of is (8.5, 2, 1.5)
(iii) Given A has co-ordinates (−2, 23, 33).
x − 10 −2 − 10 y + 1 23 + 1 z + 3 33 + 3
As = = 4, = = 4, = = 4 , this means A lies on l.
−3 −3 6 6 9 9

Let B be the mirror image of A in p.

 1  

(
By ration theorem, O = OA + OB
2
)
 8.5   −2   19 
       
2  2  =  23  + OB ⇒ OB =  −19  . Therefore, co-ordinates of B is (19, −19, −30)
 1.5   33   −30 
     

(iv) Area of triangle OAB

1 
= OA × OB
2
 −2   19 
1   
=  23  ×  −19 
2   
 33   −30 
 −63 
1 
=  567  = 348 units2. (3 s.f.)
2 
 −399 

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 7
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

11. Parametric equation, 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 marks.

1 1
Given C has equations: x = t + , y = t −
t t
dx 1 t −1
2
dy 1 t2 +1
(i) = 1 − 2 = 2 and = 1+ 2 = 2 .
dt t t dt t t
dy t + 1 t
2 2
t +1
2
= 2 × 2 = 2
dx t t −1 t −1
p2 + 1 p2 −1
At point P, x = and y = .
p p
Equation of tangent at P,
p2 −1 p2 +1  p2 + 1 
y− = 2  x − 
p p −1  p 
( ) ( )( ) ( ) (
p p 2 − 1 y − p 2 − 1 p 2 − 1 = p 2 + 1 px − p 2 + 1 p 2 + 1 )( )
(p 2
) (
+ 1 px − p p 2 − 1) y = ( p + 1)( p + 1) − ( p − 1)( p − 1)
2 2 2 2

(p + 1) px − p ( p
2 2
− 1) y = ( p + 2 p + 1) − ( p − 2 p + 1)
4 2 4 2

(p + 1) px − p ( p
2 2
− 1) y = 4 p
2

⇒ ( p + 1) x − ( p
2 2
− 1) y = 4 p , p ≠ 0 (shown)
(ii) When y = x,
( p 2 + 1) x − ( p 2 − 1) x = 4 p ⇒ x = 2 p . Coordinates of A is (2p, 2p).
When y = −x,
(p 2
) ( ) 2
+ 1 x + p2 −1 x = 4 p ⇒ x =
p
. Coordinates of B is ( 2p ,− 2p ).
2
1 0 p 2p 0 1
If p > 0, area of triangle OAB = = ( 4 + 4 ) = 4 unit2.
2 0 − p 2p 0 2
2

2
1 0 2p p 0
If p < 0, area of triangle OAB = = 4 unit2.
2 0 2 p − 2p 0
Alternatively, since the graph of y = x and y = −x are perpendicular, OA and OB are
perpendicular.
1
Area of triangle OAB = × OA × OB .
2

From above results, the area of triangle OAB is independent of p.

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 8
 2010 H2 (9740) Paper 1 Solution Affinity Education Place

2
(iii) x + y = 2t and x − y =
t
4
⇒ x− y =
x+ y
⇒ x2 − y 2 = 4 .
C is hyperbolas with equations of asymptotes at y = x and y = −x, x-intercepts at x = 2 and −2.

Graph of C

(−2,0) (2, 0) x
O

COPYRIGHT© AFFINITY EDUCATION PLACE (Tel 6554 0236)

AEP H2 9740 2010 Paper 1 Solution Page 9