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Topics Covered
Background
Key Properties
Composition
Mechanical Properties
Physical Properties
Grade Specification Comparison
Possible Alternative Grades
Corrosion Resistance
Heat Resistance
Heat Treatment
Welding
Machining
Applications
Background
Grades 440A and 440B are identical except for slightly lower carbon con
(0.60 - 0.75% and 0.75 - 0.95% respectively); these have lower attain
hardnesses but slightly higher corrosion resistances. Although all three
versions of this grade are standard grades, in practice 440C is more ava
than the A or B variants.
A free-machining variant 440F (UNS S44020) also exists, with the same
http://www.azom.com/details.asp?articleid=1024 21/05/2010
Stainless Steel - Grade 440 Page 2 of 5
carbon content as 440C. Again this grade is not readily available in Aus
Martensitic stainless steels are optimised for high hardness, and other
properties are to some degree compromised. Fabrication must be by m
that allow for poor weldability and usually also allow for a final harden a
temper heat treatment. Corrosion resistance is lower than the common
austenitic grades, and their useful operating temperature range is limite
their loss of ductility at sub-zero temperatures and loss of strength by o
tempering at elevated temperatures.
Key Properties
These properties are specified for bar product in ASTM A276. Similar bu
necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as
and forgings in their respective specifications.
Composition
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Mo N
min. 0.65 - - - - 16.00 -
440A -
max. 0.75 1.00 1.00 0.040 0.030 18.00 0.75
min. 0.75 - - - - 16.00 -
440B -
max. 0.95 1.00 1.00 0.040 0.030 18.00 0.75
min. 0.95 - - - - 16.00 -
440C -
max. 1.20 1.00 1.00 0.040 0.030 18.00 0.75
Mechanical Properties
Yield
Tempering Tensile Strength Elongation Hardness Im
Temperature Strength 0.2% (% in Rockwell Cha
(°C) (MPa) Proof 50mm) (HR C)
(MPa)
269HB
Annealed* 758 448 14
max#
204 2030 1900 4 59
260 1960 1830 4 57
316 1860 1740 4 56
371 1790 1660 4 56
* Annealed properties are typical for Condition A of ASTM A276
# Brinell Hardness is ASTM A276 specified maximum for annealed 440A, B and C.
Physical Properties
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Stainless Steel - Grade 440 Page 3 of 5
C C C C
440A/B/C 7650 200 10.1 10.3 11.7 24.2 - 460
440A S44002 - - SU
440B S44003 1.4112 X90CrMoV18 SU
440C S44004 - - 1.4125 X105CrMo17 - SU
These comparisons are approximate only. The list is intended as a comparison of functio
similar materials not as a schedule of contractual equivalents. If exact equivalents are n
original specifications must be consulted.
Corrosion Resistance
Good resistance to the atmosphere, fresh water, foods, alkalies and mil
acids. Best resistance in the hardened and tempered and passivated
condition. A smooth polished surface also assists.
Heat Resistance
Heat Treatment
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Stainless Steel - Grade 440 Page 4 of 5
Welding
Machining
Applications
For more information on this source please visit Atlas Steels Australia
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Stainless Steel - Grade 440 Page 5 of 5
version 2.0 - AZoM™ - The A to Z of Materials and AZojomo - The "AZo Journal of
Materials Online"...AZoM™.com Pty.Ltd Copyright © 2000-2010
http://www.azom.com/details.asp?articleid=1024 21/05/2010