92-411: Machine Design I

• What is Engineering Design?

92-411: Machine Design I “Engineering design integrates mathematics, basic

sciences, engineering sciences and complementary
studies in developing elements, systems and
processes to meet specific needs. It is a creative,
Winter 2011 iterative and often open-ended process subject to
constraints which may be governed by standards or
Department of Mechanical, legislation to varying degrees depending upon the
Automotive, and Materials discipline. These constraints may relate to economic,
health, safety, environmental, social or other pertinent
Engineering interdisciplinary factors.”
Accreditation Criteria and Procedures
Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board
http://www.engineerscanada.ca/e/prog_publications_3.cfm
Dr. Johrendt: ext. 2625, Essex 230B
jennifer@uwindsor.ca
J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 2

92-411: Machine Design I 92-411: Machine Design I

• Why/when do we do machine design?
In groups of four: • How do we do machine design?
•Identify the design problem
•Identify the constraints – We need a process
•Identify the safety considerations • Design process
•Identify some iterative components of arriving at a • Ethical procedures
solution – We need tools
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rna03IlJjf8 • Standards
• Analysis

J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 3 J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 4

92-411: Machine Design I 92-411: Machine Design I

CLEW website

• Syllabus
• No lab today
• Any questions about the course before we
proceed with the material?

Fig 1-1
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 92-411: Machine Design I 92-411: Machine Design I
• Let’s consider a product and discuss what
the design process might have included
• Pick one … or suggest another idea:
– Video game system
– Combine (farm equipment)
– iPhone
– ??

Fig 1-1
J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 7 J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 8

92-411: Machine Design I 92-411: Machine Design I

• Systematic Design Process • Design factor/factor of safety
– Understand the problem
– Critical location
– Identify the known
– Identify the unknown, formulate solution strategy – S, Strength is a material property
(flowchart) • Type
– State all assumptions and decisions • Treatment
– Analyze the problem • Processing
– Evaluate your solution, incorporating positive changes – Shear, yield, ultimate strengths:
– Present your solution
• Ss , Sy , Su

J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 9 J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 10

92-411: Machine Design I

92-411: Machine Design I
• Stress is a state property at a specific
point • Design factor
– Load S
nd =
– Geometry σ (or τ )
– Temperature
– Manufacturing processing
– Both strength and stress must apply to the
• Normal and shear stresses: same critical location of the part
– σ, τ

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 92-411: Machine Design I 92-411: Machine Design I
• Reliability
– Expressed in percent
– Probability that a mechanical element will
NOT fail
– 1/10 failures = 90% reliability
– 2/100 failures = 98% reliability
– 6/1000 failures = 99.4% reliability

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92-411: Machine Design I 92-411: Machine Design I

Dimensions and Tolerances – definitions
• Calculations and Significant Figures
Nominal size: size used when referring to a part; may differ from actual
size – Three or four sig figs are usually necessary for
Limits: maximum and minimum dimensions engineering accuracy
Tolerance: difference between limits – Absolutely NO LESS THAN THREE sig figs should be
Bilateral tolerance: variation in both directions from the basic size of the used in this course
part
– Example: 931cm, 9.31x102cm both display three
Unilateral tolerance: basic dimension taken as one of the limits
significant figures
Clearance: used when the internal member (shaft) is smaller than the
external member (hole) – The least accurate figure in a calculation dictates the
Interference: opposite of clearance; internal member larger than accuracy of the answer
external member
Allowance: minimum clearance or maximum interference for mating
parts

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See you Wednesday!

J. Johrendt, Winter 2011, 92-411, slide 17