Publishing pattern and Citation analysis of NPL (India) researchers:

a study
Rajpal Walke* and N K Wadhwa**
(*=Sr Technical Officer, **=Scientist)
Email: rajpalw@yahoo.com, Email: nkwadha@nplindia.org
Knowledge Resource Centre
National Physical Laboratory, Dr K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi-110012, India
www.nplindia.org

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to identify objectively a hierarchical ranking of journals for
NPL (India) researchers. Such a guideline can indicate a journal's value for promotion
and tenure consideration. List of recent research articles (2006-2010) in Physical
sciences, and related subject area by NPL (India) researchers, were compiled by
searching web of science. Citation analysis was employed to identify the most frequently
cited journals. The ranking of journals based on citation frequency, as a result, was
identified. Citation analysis of all the journal articles published from 2005- SEPT.2010 is
carried out. 1272 articles are published during SIX years. Highest number (305) of
articles is published in 2009. The publications contained 4063 sum of cited references for
the study period of which 2860 are citations. It was found that 83.81 % articles are cited
by the researchers and 9.440% proceeding papers are cited.

Introduction:
Citation analysis is defined as an activity involving analysis of the citations or references,
which forms a part of the primary scientific communication. When the scientific paper
makes mention of or makes reference to another scientific paper, the latter has been cited
by the former as a source of information as the support for the points of view as authority
for the statements of facts etc. An essential part of research papers, particularly in the
sciences, is the list of references pointing to prior publications. As Ziman observes, “a
scientific paper does not stand alone; it is embedded in the ‘literature’ of the subject.”’ A
reference is the acknowledgment that one document gives to another; a citation is the
acknowledgment that one document receives from anther. In general, a citation implies a
relationship between a part or the whole of the cited document and a part or the whole of
the citing document. Citation analysis is that area of bibliometrics which deals with the
study of these relationships.

Methodology:
Web of Science is an online database provided by Thomson Scientific. It provides access
to five databases: Science Citation Index (SCI), Social science Citation Index (SSCI),
Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), Index Chemicus and Current Chemical
reactions. Its databases cover about 8700 leading journals of science, technology, social
sciences, arts and humanities. It’s an integrated versatile research platform. Citation
analysis method was used for the present study. The primary data for the study were
obtained by searching in web of science database for the period 2005 to Sept 2010.
Findings of the study
Publication Pattern of NPL Researchers:

Publication appeared in each Year:

SN Publication Year Total Publication %tage of 1272
1 2009 305 23.9780 %
2 2008 300 23.5849 %
3 2007 263 20.6761 %
4 2010 210 16.5094 %
5 2006 179 14.0723 %
6 2005 14 1.1006 %
7 2004 1 0.0786 %

Authorship Pattern (Top 50 Authors):

SN Authors Total Publications %tage 0f 1272
1 AWANA, VPS 96 7.5472 %
2 BHAGAVANNARAYANA,
89 6.9969 %
G
3 KISHAN, H 89 6.9969 %
4 MALHOTRA, BD 86 6.7610 %
5 KUMAR, V 62 4.8742 %
6 SRIVASTAVA, AK 62 4.8742 %
7 KUMAR, A 52 4.0881 %
8 SHIVAPRASAD, SM 52 4.0881 %
9 VIJAYAN, N 51 4.0094 %
10 KAMALASANAN, MN 48 3.7736 %
11 KOTNALA, RK 44 3.4591 %
12 SOLANKI, PR 42 3.3019 %
13 CHAND, S 41 3.2233 %
14 SINGH, S 41 3.2233 %
15 DEEPA, M 38 2.9874 %
16 KUMAR, P 38 2.9874 %
17 SRIVASTAVA, R 38 2.9874 %
18 KUMAR, S 37 2.9088 %
19 RAMASAMY, P 37 2.9088 %
20 SINGH, SP 37 2.9088 %
21 SOOD, KN 37 2.9088 %
22 AHMAD, S 34 2.6730 %
23 SHARMA, SN 34 2.6730 %
24 BHALLA, GL 33 2.5943 %
25 AGARWAL, SK 32 2.5157 %
26 KANDPAL, HC 31 2.4371 %
27 BIRADAR, AM 30 2.3585 %
28 ANSARI, AA 29 2.2799 %
29 DHAWAN, SK 29 2.2799 %
30 SINGH, HK 29 2.2799 %
31 GOPALAKRISHNAN, R 27 2.1226 %
32 MEHROTRA, R 27 2.1226 %
33 TAKAYAMA-
27 2.1226 %
MUROMACHI, E
34 CHANDER, H 26 2.0440 %
35 JAIN, SC 26 2.0440 %
36 SINGH, R 26 2.0440 %
37 AGNIHOTRY, SA 25 1.9654 %
38 HARANATH, D 25 1.9654 %
39 MATHUR, RB 25 1.9654 %
40 SIWACH, PK 25 1.9654 %
41 ARYA, SK 24 1.8868 %
42 GUPTA, V 24 1.8868 %
43 KAUSHIK, A 24 1.8868 %
44 GOVIND 23 1.8082 %
45 SINGH, N 23 1.8082 %
46 PANDEY, MK 22 1.7296 %
47 BALAMURUGAN, S 21 1.6509 %
48 CHAWLA, S 21 1.6509 %
49 KUMAR, M 21 1.6509 %
50 HUSAIN, M 20 1.5723 %

Country top 25(in collaboration):

SN Country Total Publication %tage1272
1 INDIA 1272 100.0000 %
2 JAPAN 57 4.4811 %
3 USA 52 4.0881 %
4 SOUTH KOREA 21 1.6509 %
5 GERMANY 20 1.5723 %
6 ISRAEL 16 1.2579 %
7 TAIWAN 15 1.1792 %
8 FRANCE 14 1.1006 %
9 SPAIN 10 0.7862 %
10 PEOPLES R CHINA 9 0.7075 %
11 AUSTRALIA 8 0.6289 %
12 CANADA 7 0.5503 %
13 FINLAND 7 0.5503 %
14 BRAZIL 5 0.3931 %
15 RUSSIA 5 0.3931 %
16 BELGIUM 4 0.3145 %
17 ITALY 4 0.3145 %
18 MALAYSIA 4 0.3145 %
19 SAUDI ARABIA 4 0.3145 %
20 SCOTLAND 4 0.3145 %
21 SOUTH AFRICA 4 0.3145 %
22 AUSTRIA 3 0.2358 %
23 ENGLAND 3 0.2358 %
24 TURKEY 3 0.2358 %
25 ARGENTINA 2 0.1572 %

Document Type:
SN Document Type Total Publications %tage of 1272
1 ARTICLE 1062 83.4906 %
2 PROCEEDINGS PAPER 160 12.5786 %
3 REVIEW 17 1.3365 %
4 CORRECTION 11 0.8648 %
5 EDITORIAL MATERIAL 11 0.8648 %
6 LETTER 7 0.5503 %
7 MEETING ABSTRACT 3 0.2358 %
8 BIOGRAPHICAL-ITEM 1 0.0786 %

Funding agency:
SN Funding Agency Publications %tage of 1272
1 CSIR 57 4.4811 %
2 CSIR INDIA 22 1.7296 %
3 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
21 1.6509 %
TECHNOLOGY DST
4 COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND
19 1.4937 %
INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH CSIR INDIA
5 CSIR NEW DELHI 17 1.3365 %
6 DST 17 1.3365 %
7 COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND
INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH CSIR NEW 14 1.1006 %
DELHI INDIA
8 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
12 0.9434 %
TECHNOLOGY GOVT OF INDIA
9 INDIA JAPAN PROJECT 12 0.9434 %
10 UGC 12 0.9434 %
11 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
10 0.7862 %
TECHNOLOGY
12 DBT 9 0.7075 %
13 DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
9 0.7075 %
GOVT OF INDIA
14 COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND
8 0.6289 %
INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH NEW DELHI
15 NATIONAL SCIENCE COUNCIL OF
7 0.5503 %
TAIWAN
16 COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND
6 0.4717 %
INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH CSIR
17 DST GOVERNMENT OF INDIA 6 0.4717 %
18 UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION
6 0.4717 %
UGC
19 DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
5 0.3931 %
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
20 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY DST GOVERNMENT 5 0.3931 %
OF INDIA
21 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
5 0.3931 %
TECHNOLOGY NEW DELHI INDIA
22 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE
5 0.3931 %
TECHNOLOGY DST GOVT OF INDIA
23 EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY 5 0.3931 %
24 NPL 5 0.3931 %
25 UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION
5 0.3931 %
NEW DELHI

Institution Name (top 25)(in collaboration):

SN Institution Name Publications %tage of 1272
1 NATL PHYS LAB 1156 90.8805 %
2 UNIV DELHI 202 15.8805 %
3 INDIAN INST TECHNOL 143 11.2421 %
4 CSIR 92 7.2327 %
5 JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA 54 4.2453 %
6 ANNA UNIV 38 2.9874 %
7 BANARAS HINDU UNIV 33 2.5943 %
8 SSN COLL ENGN 31 2.4371 %
9 NATL INST MAT SCI 22 1.7296 %
10 UGC DAE CONSORTIUM SCI RES 22 1.7296 %
11 MANIPAL INST TECHNOL 20 1.5723 %
12 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM 16 1.2579 %
13 HIMACHAL PRADESH UNIV 15 1.1792 %
14 UNIV ALLAHABAD 15 1.1792 %
15 INDIAN INST TROP METEOROL 14 1.1006 %
16 NATL DONG HWA UNIV 13 1.0220 %
17 DELHI COLL ENGN 11 0.8648 %
18 NIMS 11 0.8648 %
19 ANNAMALAI UNIV 10 0.7862 %
20 THANTHAI HANS ROEVER COLL 10 0.7862 %
21 CHUNGNAM NATL UNIV 9 0.7075 %
22 INTER UNIV ACCELERATOR CTR 9 0.7075 %
23 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU CTR ADV SCI
9 0.7075 %
RES
24 NEHRU MEM COLL 9 0.7075 %
25 UNIV PUERTO RICO 9 0.7075 %

Journals (Top 25):

SN Journal name Total Publications
1 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 49
2 MAPAN-JOURNAL OF METROLOGY SOCIETY OF 44
INDIA
3 APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 36
4 JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH 31
5 JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS 30
6 INDIAN JOURNAL OF PURE & APPLIED PHYSICS 28
7 MATERIALS LETTERS 27
8 SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS 27
9 JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND 24
NANOTECHNOLOGY
10 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 23
11 MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21
12 SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS 21
13 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE 20
14 INDIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 19
SCIENCES
15 PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS 19
APPLICATIONS
16 CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 18
17 PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER 18
18 JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 17
19 SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 17
20 JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER 16
21 THIN SOLID FILMS 16
22 JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC 14
MATERIALS
23 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2007 INTERNATIONAL 14
WORKSHOP ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTOR
DEVICES: IWPSD-2007
24 SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND 14
BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
25 JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE 13

Citation Analysis

Year wise citations (by NPL researchers):

SN Year No of times Cited %tage of 2860
1 2009 1044 36.5035 %
2 2010 902 31.5385 %
3 2008 588 20.5594 %
4 2007 283 9.8951 %
5 2006 43 1.5035 %

Document wise citations:

SN Document Cited times %tage of 2860
1 ARTICLE 2399 83.8811 %
2 PROCEEDINGS PAPER 270 9.4406 %
3 REVIEW 164 5.7343 %
4 CORRECTION 13 0.4545 %
5 EDITORIAL MATERIAL 7 0.2448 %
6 LETTER 6 0.2098 %
7 MEETING ABSTRACT 1 0.0350 %
Total Citing articles 2860

Cited Authors (top 25):

SN Authors Name No of times Cited %tage of 2860
1 MALHOTRA, BD 81 2.8322 %
2 BHAGAVANNARAYANA, G 58 2.0280 %
3 AWANA, VPS 52 1.8182 %
4 KISHAN, H 49 1.7133 %
5 SRIVASTAVA, AK 47 1.6434 %
6 RAMASAMY, P 46 1.6084 %
7 SOLANKI, PR 39 1.3636 %
8 KUMAR, A 36 1.2587 %
9 AHMAD, S 32 1.1189 %
10 DEEPA, M 32 1.1189 %
11 KUMAR, V 31 1.0839 %
12 SINGH, SP 29 1.0140 %
13 KUMAR, S 28 0.9790 %
14 GUPTA, V 26 0.9091 %
15 ANSARI, AA 25 0.8741 %
16 ARYA, SK 25 0.8741 %
17 CHAND, S 25 0.8741 %
18 IEEE 25 0.8741 %
19 KAUSHIK, A 24 0.8392 %
20 KUMAR, P 24 0.8392 %
21 SHIVAPRASAD, SM 24 0.8392 %
22 KOTNALA, RK 23 0.8042 %
23 GOPALAKRISHNAN, R 22 0.7692 %
24 KAMALASANAN, MN 22 0.7692 %
25 SINGH, HK 21 0.7343 %

Cited Journals name (Top 50):

SN Journal Name No of times Cited
1 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 78
2 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 73
3 APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 62
4 SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 59
5 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C 56
6 JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS 56
7 JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH 48
8 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE 46
9 BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 44
10 JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 44
11 PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER 41
12 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 38
13 THIN SOLID FILMS 37
14 MATERIALS LETTERS 36
15 PHYSICAL REVIEW B 34
16 CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 30
17 JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER 30
18 SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS 30
19 MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 29
20 SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 28
21 JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 27
22 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 27
23 NANOTECHNOLOGY 26
24 PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS
25
APPLICATIONS
25 CARBON 24
26 SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS 24
27 SYNTHETIC METALS 24
28 JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 23
29 JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS 22
30 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS 21
31 ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS 21
32 SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND
21
BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
33 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 20
34 ELECTROANALYSIS 20
35 JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES 20
36 LANGMUIR 20
37 JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE 19
38 TALANTA 19
39 ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 18
40 SENSORS 18
41 ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE 17
42 CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS 16
43 JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL
16
MAGNETISM
44 OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 16
45 MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN 15
46 MAPAN-JOURNAL OF METROLOGY SOCIETY OF INDIA 14
47 OPTICS EXPRESS 14
48 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 13
49 ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE
12
REPORTS ONLINE
50 ADVANCED MATERIALS 12

Types of Documents cited nearly 83.88% of citations belonged to books and Journals,
while nearly 12.57% of citations belonged to reports, conference proceedings, seminars,
papers, theses, and letters from library professionals etc.

Ranking of Authors:
It was interesting to know, who has been the famous author among NPL researchers.
Taking into consideration of self citations also only first 50 ranks have been given in
Table 2

Language of Cited Documents:

After analysis 2860 citations it was observed that 98.74 percent of citations were in
English. Further, it is to note that when lot of literature is available in English language
there is no necessity to search for literature in any other languages.

Conclusions:
This analysis will be useful not only to the special library management but also specialist
readers in selecting the relevant journals in their field of study. Citation analysis of all the
journal articles published from 2005- SEPT.2010 is carried out. 1272 articles are
published during SIX years. Highest number (305) of articles is published in 2009. The
publications contained 4063 sum of cited references for the study period of which 2860
are citations. It was found that 83.81 % articles are cited by the researchers and 9.440%
proceeding papers are cited.