264
1, FEBRUARY 2009
Remote-Controllable and Energy-Saving Room Architecture
based on ZigBee Communication
Jinsoo Han, Haeryong Lee, and Kwang-Roh Park
Abstract — This paper proposes remote-controllable and
energy-saving room architecture to reduce standby power
consumption and to make the room easily controllable with an
IR remote control of a home appliance. To realize the
proposed room architecture, we proposed and designed the
automatic standby power cut-off outlet and a ZigBee
controller with IR code learning functionality. The proposed
power outlet monitors the power consumption for the
predetermined time and completely cuts off the power supply
when the monitored power is below the threshold. This power
outlet has a function of changing the threshold power, which
enables any kinds of home appliances to be applied to the
power outlet. To efficiently manage the power outlets and the
lights, we proposed the ZigBee controller with IR code
learning functionality. The ZigBee controller has several on-
board buttons to wake up the power outlets and control the
dimming light. By using IR code learning functionality, the
ZigBee controller can assign a certain IR code of a remote
control of a home appliance to the power outlet or the
dimming light. A user can control the power outlets and the
dimming light with an IR remote control of any home
appliance. Our proposed room architecture provides the
remote-controllable and energy-saving room1.
Index Terms — ZigBee, Remote Control, IR, Energy-saving,
Power Outlet, Standby Power
I. INTRODUCTION
As more and more consumer electronics and home
appliances are deployed and the size of them is becoming
large, power consumption in home area tends to grow.
Moreover, useless power consumption occurs when they do
not perform the primary function or even when they are turned
off. This is called standby power. It is known that average
10 % of a total household power is consumed during standby
power state [1]. To reduce the standby power of electrical
apparatus less than 1 W, International Energy Agency (IEA)
proposed ‘1-watt Plan’ [2]. Several researches were conducted
to reduce the standby power in the region of chip, hardware
and system [3]-[5]. Although much effort is made to reduce
1 A. Automatic Standby Power Cut-Off Outlet
This work was supported in part by the IT R&D program of Ministry of
Knowledge Economy/Institute for Information Technology Advancement,
Republic of Korea under Grant no. 2007-S-010-02 “Development of
Ubiquitous Home Media Service System based on SMMD”.
Jinsoo Han is with the Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Korea (e-mail: hanjinsoo@etri.re.kr).
Haeryong Lee is with the Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Korea (e-mail: hrlee@etri.re.kr).
Kwang-Roh Park is with the Electronics and Telecommunications
Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Korea (e-mail: krpark@etri.re.kr).
Manuscript received January 15, 2009
Authorized licensed use limited to: SKR Engineering College. Downloaded on July 26, 2009 at 06:49 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 55, No.
the standby power of consumer devices themselves, efficient
power management schemes over a room or home region are
greatly required to reduce the total power consumption in
home. The controlling and power monitoring capability is
indispensable to home power management. The network
capability is also required to communicate one another.
Several controlling and power monitoring systems have been
proposed and implemented [6]-[10]. In these systems, Power
Line Communication (PLC), Ethernet, Bluetooth and ZigBee
as wired or wireless networks are used to transfer the control
information and the measured power. The signal
transformation circuit is designed to measure the working
power of the electric outlet [8], [9]. The measured power is
recorded and transferred periodically to the remote control
unit such as a cell phone, a Personal Computer (PC) and a
Personal Digital Assistance (PDA) [6]-[10]. When the
measured power is above the maximum load, the power outlet
is electrically turned off through the solid state or mechanical
relay for safety [9]. The user can also check the power
consumption of the home appliances through the remote
control unit. However, these previous systems only monitor
the consuming power and protect the overload of the power
outlet. Efficient power-saving methods are not provided to cut
off useless standby power consumption. A central unit such as
a PC or a PDA is required not only to monitor and control the
power outlet but also to manage the home automation.
In this paper, we propose a remote-controllable and energy-
saving room architecture. To realize our proposed room
architecture, the automatic standby power cut-off outlet and
the ZigBee controller with IR code learning functionality are
described and their operation mechanism is explained. In
section II, the proposed automatic standby power cut-off
outlet and the ZigBee controller are described in detail. In
section III, the proposed room architecture is illustrated and
the operation mechanism is explained. Section IV shows the
implementation results of the power outlet and the ZigBee
controller. Finally, in section V, the conclusion is summarized.
II. PROPOSED POWER OUTLET AND ZIGBEE CONTROLLER
The proposed power outlet is designed to have the
capability of automatic power cut-off in standby power state.
Fig.1 shows the architecture of the power outlet, which is
composed of an AC/DC conversion, one two port relay, a
power monitoring circuit and a microcontroller. The AC input
is connected to the two port relay. One output port of the relay
is connected directly to the AC output outlet and the other
0098 3063/09/$20.00 © 2009 IEEE
J. Han et al.: Remote-Controllable and Energy-Saving Room Architecture based on ZigBee Communication
output port is connected to it via the power monitoring circuit.
The power monitoring circuit consists of a transformer,
rectifying diodes and additional components. It converts the
measured power consumption into a voltage. The
microcontroller digitizes the voltage and calculates the
consumed power. Based on the calculated power, it controls
the relay to cut off the power supply. The AC/DC conversion
circuit supplies the necessary DC power to the microcontroller
in which a ZigBee Radio Frequency (RF) module is integrated
to communicate with the remote control unit. ZigBee is a
wireless network standard which is aimed at remote control
and sensor applications requiring for low power consumption
and low data rates [11]-[14]. Several studies were performed
based on ZigBee in home area [15], [16]. A usual home
appliance has two power state, normal and standby. In the
normal state, a home appliance consumes a large amount of
power. In the standby state, it consumes a small amount of
power, which is not negligible. As mentioned above, the
standby power consumption amounts to 10% of a total
household power. To more efficiently reduce total power
consumption, it is required to completely cut off the power
supply at the power outlet in standby power state [17].
AC/DC MCU
Circuit ZigBee
AC
Input
Monitoring
Circuit
Relay Power Outlet
Fig.1. Architecture of the automatic standby power cut-off outlet. MCU
stands for Micro Controller Unit.
This proposed power outlet periodically monitors the power
consumption via the power monitoring circuit. Initially, it has
its own threshold power in the memory of the microcontroller.
When the connected home appliance is changed, the threshold
power can be reconfigured by measuring the normal power
consumption and the standby power consumption. The power
outlet has four kinds of state: boot, on, normal and off state.
Fig.2 shows the state transition diagram. When the AC power
is initially supplied to the power outlet, the microcontroller
boots and executes the firmware. After booting, the
microcontroller goes to the on state. In this state, the
microcontroller does not monitor the consumed power but
turns on the relay and waits for the guard time, for example,
two minutes. After the guard time elapses, the normal state
starts. In the normal state, the microcontroller monitors the
consumed power. As the monitored power can have ripples,
hundreds of monitored powers are averaged. When the
monitored power is below the threshold power for the
predetermined time, for example, two minutes, the
microcontroller turns off the relay to completely cut off the
AC power. Then it goes to the off state. Now the
microcontroller does not monitor the consumed power but
Authorized licensed use limited to: SKR Engineering College. Downloaded on July 26, 2009 at 06:49 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
265
waits for a turn-on command through ZigBee communication.
When it receives the turn-on command, it turns on the relay to
supply the AC power to the output port. It is the on state. This
state transition repeats continuously. This method can reduce
even the standby power of the home appliance because the
power outlet completely cuts off the power supplyt. Although
some power is consumed in the microcontroller and the
AC/DC circuit, it is very small compared to the standby power
of the home appliance. This proposed automatic standby
power cut-off outlet can cut off standby power without the
central units.
Boot On
Off Normal
Fig.2. State transition diagram of four states in the proposed power outlet.
B. ZigBee Controller with IR Code Learning Functionality
In the normal room, there are several power outlets, several
lights and one dimming light. To control these power outlets
and lights, it is necessary to equip the ZigBee controller in the
room. The ZigBee controller plays a role of a coordinator and
the power outlets and the lights become end devices. The
AC ZigBee controller can control and communicate with the
Output power outlets and the dimming light. Fig.3 shows the
architecture of the ZigBee controller and the system
configuration through ZigBee communication. The ZigBee
controller consists of an AC/DC conversion circuit, a
microcontroller with ZigBee RF module, several button
switches and an IR receiver. The AC/DC conversion circuit
supplies the stable DC power to the microcontroller. Each
button switch can be assigned to the power outlets or the
dimming light. If the first button is assigned to the first power
outlet, to press the first button wakes up the first power outlet
and makes it transit to the on state. Other two buttons can be
assigned to the dimming light, one for ‘light’ function and the
other for ‘dark’ function. If a user comes close to the ZigBee
controller and pushes a specific button, he can control the
power outlets and the dimming light. With the help of this
ZigBee controller, a user can wake up the power outlets and
make the dimming light lighter or darker.
ZigBee Controller
Power Outlet1
AC/DC MCU
AC Power Outlet2
Circuit ZigBee
Input
1 2 N
Dimming
Button Switches IR Receiver Light
Fig.3. Proposed ZigBee controller with IR code learning functionality.
266
If the home appliance connected to the power outlet is
changed, standby power can be different compared to the
previous home appliance. In this case, the threshold power
should be reconfigured for proper operation. It can be done as
follows. First, a user wakes up the target power outlet and
then plugs a new home appliance into it. He turns on the new
home appliance. Then he presses the button switch
corresponding to the target power outlet and holds it. If he
does not release that button for a little bit longer time, the
microcontroller goes to the learning mode and measures the
normal power consumption. When he releases the button, the
microcontroller finishes measurement and memorizes the
normal power. Second, he turns off the new home appliance.
If he presses the button switch and holds it for a little bit
longer time, the microcontroller goes to the learning mode and
measures the standby power consumption. When he releases
the button, the microcontroller finishes measurement and
memorizes the standby power. Then, the microcontroller
calculates the threshold power by using these two measured
powers. Various calculation methods can be utilized. For
example, the average of the normal and the standby power can
be the threshold power.
Carrier
MCU
ZigBee Core
Processing
IR Code Unit
BPF
Storage
IR PD
Button
Switches
Baseband
Fig.4. IR code learning function block for the ZigBee controller. PD:
Photo Diode, BPF: Band Pass Filter.
When a user wants to turn on the home appliance connected
to the power outlet, he needs to wake up the power outlet by
pressing the corresponding button and then turn on the home
appliance with an IR remote control. The power outlet turns
off automatically, but it should be waked up by the user
manually. And the user should always come close to the
ZigBee controller and press the corresponding button to turn
on a home appliance. To make the control more convenient,
IR code learning functionality is added to the ZigBee
controller. Fig.4 shows the IR code learning function block in
detail. In general, an IR code stream is composed of a carrier
and a baseband signal [18]. A carrier frequency normally
ranges from 19 kHz to 50 kHz with some duty ratio. It can be
considered as a pulse stream having some high time and low
time as shown in Fig.4. The carrier signal can be sampled and
recorded by measuring the high time and low time of the
output signal of the IR PD. The high time is calculated by
measuring the time between the rising edge and the falling
Authorized licensed use limited to: SKR Engineering College. Downloaded on July 26, 2009 at 06:49 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 55, No. 1, FEBRUARY 2009
edge. The low time is calculated by measuring the time
between the falling edge and the rising edge. As the carrier
signal is a pulse stream having a constant pulse width, the
measured and calculated high and low time can express the
carrier signal completely. A baseband signal has time duration
from sub millisecond to a few milliseconds. But it is not a
constant pulse stream. It can be considered as repeated pulse
streams having different pulse durations. It can also be
sampled and recorded by measuring the high and low time of
the repeated pulses after rejecting the carrier frequency
component via the band pass filter. The consecutive inverting
pulse times can describe the baseband signal. Therefore, the
core processing unit can identify the IR code by analyzing
these time information..
The ZigBee controller has two kinds of mode. One is a
learning mode and the other is an operating mode. In the
learning mode, a user can assign a specific button to some IR
code. The IR code learning process is done as follows. A user
presses a button twice consecutively, which switches the
ZigBee controller to the learning mode. Then he transmits the
IR code of the remote control toward the IR receiving block.
The core processing unit records the carrier and the baseband
signal, and stores them at the IR code storage corresponding
to that button. The operating process is done as follows. If a
user transmits the IR code of the remote control toward the IR
receiving block, the core processing unit records the carrier
and the baseband signal, and then compares the recorded IR
code with the stored ones. If the matching code is found
during search, the core processing unit executes the command
corresponding to that button. If there is enough memory to
store the codes, it is possible to assign many IR codes to one
button. So a variety of IR remote control can be recorded for
convenience.
III. PROPOSED ROOM ARCHITECTURE
Fig.5 illustrates our proposed room architecture. There are
two automatic standby power cut-off outlets and one dimming
light. They are controlled by a ZigBee controller which has
four button switches. The first button is assigned to the power
outlet 1 and the second one to the power outlet 2. The third
and fourth buttons are assigned to the dimming light. As the
ZigBee controller has a function to learn IR codes, the power
button of an IR remote control can be assigned to the first
button of the ZigBee controller. So it corresponds to the
power outlet 1. When a user wants to watch television
connected to the power outlet 1, he does not have to press the
first button of the ZigBee controller to wake up the first power
outlet. He only has to press the power button of the IR remote
control of the television toward the ZigBee controller on the
wall. This wakes up the power outlet 1. Then, if he presses the
power button of the same IR remote control toward the
television, it turns on the television connected to the power
outlet 1. Now he can enjoy watching television. Likewise,
another button of the IR remote control of the TV can be
assigned to the second power outlet.
J. Han et al.: Remote-Controllable and Energy-Saving Room Architecture based on ZigBee Communication
Power Line
Dimming
Light
ZigBee Controller
Power Power
Outlet 1 Outlet 2
Fig.5. Illustration of the proposed room architecture (Two power outlets
and one dimming light are controlled by a ZigBee controller).
A user can also assign the volume up/down buttons of the
IR remote control to the third and fourth button of the ZigBee
controller. So the volume up/down buttons correspond to the
dimming light. He can control the dimming light with the IR
remote control of the TV. By using a ZigBee controller with
IR code learning functionality, a user can control the dimming
light and the power outlets with one IR remote control of a
home appliance like a TV. As the illustrated room has energy-
saving outlets and can be controlled by an IR remote control,
it deserves a remote-controllable and energy-saving room.
IV. IMPLEMENTATION RESULTS
To confirm the feasibility of our proposed room
architecture, we implemented the ZigBee controller with IR
code learning functionality and the automatic standby power
cut-off outlet. The implemented automatic standby power cut-
off outlet is shown in Fig.6. It is composed of a power board
and a control board. The AC/DC conversion circuit and the
power monitoring circuit are located at the rear side of the
power board. The relay is under the control board. The control
board consists of a microcontroller, a variable resistor, a 2.4
GHz antenna, a 32 MHz crystal, and a 10 pin connector. The
power board and the control board are connected through the
10 pin connector. The DC power, the power monitoring
voltage and the relay control signal are linked through the
connector. The variable resistor is used to calibrate the
measured power. The power monitoring signal is input to the
ADC (Analog to Digital Conversion) port of the
microcontroller and is digitized. As the power monitoring
voltage fluctuates a little bit, it is sampled at every one
hundred millisecond and averaged over ten samplings. When
the monitored power is below the threshold for two minutes,
the microcontroller turns off the relay. To test its operation,
we connected 37 inch flat panel TV to the power outlet. The
standby power of this TV is about 550 mW. So we set the
threshold power at 800 mW. In two minutes after we turned
off the TV with a remote control, the power outlet
automatically cut off the power supply. The implemented
power board can be easily deployed by adding this board to
Authorized licensed use limited to: SKR Engineering College. Downloaded on July 26, 2009 at 06:49 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
267
the general outlet. The power outlet consumes about 140 mW
in the standby state. This amount of power consumption is
very small compared to the normal standby power target 1 W
and the standby power of the tested 37 inch flat panel TV.
Calibrating MCU
Resistor ZigBe
Relay
Monitoring
Circuit
AC/DC 10 pin 2.4 GHz
Circuit Connector Antenna
Fig.6. Implemented automatic standby power cut-off outlet.
Fig.7 shows the implementation of the ZigBee controller
with IR code learning functionality. In this implementation,
we used the fixed carrier frequency for simplicity. We
selected 38 kHz, which is a widely used carrier frequency.
The ZigBee controller consists of a microcontroller, a 2.4
GHz RF antenna, six buttons and an IR receiver. An AC/DC
conversion circuit is on the back side of the board. The
ZigBee RF module is integrated into the microcontroller. Six
buttons are connected to the GPIO (General Purpose Input
Output) of the microcontroller. 32 MHz crystal is used for the
microcontroller to guarantee enough sampling rate for the
baseband signal of an IR code. The IR receiver is connected to
another GPIO of the microcontroller. It includes an IR photo
diode, a band pass filter and a limiting amplifier. The band
pass filter operates at the frequency of 38 kHz. The carrier
signal is removed after the band pass filter and only the
baseband signal is input to the microcontroller. In the learning
mode, when we transmitted the power button of a TV remote
control to assign it to the power outlet mentioned above, the
microcontroller recorded the times information of the
baseband signal and stored them into an array. In the
operation mode, when we transmitted the same power button
of a TV remote control, the power outlet waked up because
the stored array values and received array values matched
within the margin. Next, when we pressed the power button of
a TV remote control toward the TV, the TV turned on. This
test proved the feasibility of the ZigBee controller with IR
code learning functionality.
MCU
AC/DC
ZigBee
Circuit
2.4 GHz
Antenna
Six
Buttons
IR
Receive
Fig.7. Implemented ZigBee Controller with IR code learning functionality.
268
V. CONCLUSION
We proposed remote-controllable and energy-saving room
architecture. With the help of this architecture, a user can
control the power outlets and the dimming light with an IR
remote control of any home appliance and save the total
power consumption of a room. To configure this room
architecture we proposed the automatic standby power cut-off
outlet and the ZigBee controller with IR code learning
functionality. The proposed power outlet monitors the
consumed power periodically. When the monitored power is
below the threshold, the power outlet automatically cuts off
the power supply to the outlet. This can reduce the wasted
standby power consumption. As this power outlet can
reconfigure the threshold power, every home appliance can be
applied to this power outlet. To efficiently control the power
outlets and the lights, the ZigBee controller with IR code
learning functionality was proposed. Although the ZigBee
controller can control the power outlets and the light through
the on-board buttons, it can learn IR codes of the remote
control of a home appliance and enables a user to easily
control the power outlets and the dimming light with an IR
remote control. We implemented the automatic standby power
cut-off outlet and tested it with 37 inch flat panel TV. We also
implemented the ZigBee controller with IR code learning
functionality and tested it with a TV remote control. These
results showed the feasibility of our proposed remote-
controllable and energy-saving room architecture. In the
future, if the ZigBee controllers in each room are linked
together to the home server via ZigBee communication, the
whole power system in home area can be managed in the
remote area as well as in home.
REFERENCES
[1] IEA, “Fact Sheet: Standby Power Use and the IEA “1 Watt Plan”,” Apr.
2007. http://www.iea.org/textbase/papers/2007/standby_fact.pdf
[2] IEA, “Reducing Standby Power Waste to Less Than 1 Watt: A Relevant
Global Strategy that Delivers,” 2002.
http://www.iea.org/Textbase/papers/2002/globe02.pdf
[3] Calboun B.H., Chandrakasan A.P., “Standby Power Reduction Using
Scaling and Carry Flip-Flop Structures,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State
Circuits, vol.39, no.9, pp.1504-1511, Sep. 2004.
[4] Bo-Teng Huang, Ko-Yen Lee and Yen-Shin Lai, “Design of a Two-
Stage AC/DC Converter with Standby Power Losses Less Than 1 W,”
Proceedings of Power Conversion Conference 2007, pp.1630-1635, Apr.
2007.
[5] Joon Heo et al, “Design and Implementation of Control Mechanism for
Standby Power Reduction,” IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics,
vol.53, no.1, pp.179-185, Feb. 2008.
[6] Chia-Hung Len, Ying-Wen Bai, and Ming-Bo Lin, “Remote-
Controllable Power Outlet System for Home Power Management,” IEEE
Trans. on Consumer Electronics , vol.53, No.4, pp.1634-1641, Nov.
2007.
[7] Chi-Hung, Chi-Hsiung Lin, Ying-Wen Bai, Ming-Fong Liu and Ming-
Bo Lin, “Remotely Controllable Outlet System for Home Power
Management,” Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on
Consumer Electronics, Algarve, Portugal, 14-16 Apr. 2008.
[8] Jui-Yu Cheng, Min-Hsiung Hung, and Jen-Wei Chang, “A ZigBee-
Based Power Monitoring System with Direct Load Control
Capabilities,” Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference
on Networking, Sensing and Control, London, UK, 15-17 Apr. 2007.
Authorized licensed use limited to: SKR Engineering College. Downloaded on July 26, 2009 at 06:49 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 55, No. 1, FEBRUARY 2009
[9] Ying-Wen Bai and Chi-Huang Hung, “Remote Power On/Off Control
and Current Measurement for Home Electric Outlets Based on a Low-
Power Embedded Board and ZigBee Communication,” Proceedings of
the 2008 International Symposium on Consumer Electronics, Algarve,
Portugal, 14-16 Apr. 2008.
[10] Masahiro Inoue, Toshiyasu Higuma, Yoshiaki Ito, Noriyuki Kushiro,
and Hitoshi Kubota, “Network Architecture for Home Energy
Management System,” IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics, vol.49,
no.3, pp.606-613, Aug. 2003.
[11] IEEE Std. 802.15.4 Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and
Physical Layer (PHY) Specification for Low-Rate Wireless Personal
Area Networks, May 2003.
[12] ZigBee Alliance, ZigBee Specification Version 1.0, Dec. 2004.
[13] Gutierrez, J.A., Naeve, M., Callaway, E., Bourgeois, M., Mitter, V., and
Heile, B., “IEEE 802.15.4: A Developing Standard for Low-Power Low-
Cost Wireless Personal Area Networks,” IEEE Network, vol.15, no.5,
pp.12-19, Sept. 2001.
[14] Callaway, E., Bahl, V., Gorday, P., Gutierrez, J.A., Hester, L. Naeve, M.,
Heile, B.,”Homenetworking with IEEE 802.15.4: A Developing
Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks,” IEEE
Communications Magazine, vol.40, no.8, pp.70-77, Aug. 2002.
[15] Jin Ho Kim, Jun Wook Lee, Yong Joon Lee, and Jae-Cheol Ryou, “A
Lightweight NEMO Protocol to Support 6LoWPAN,” ETRI Journal,
vol.30, no.5, pp.685-695, Oct. 2008.
[16] Trung-Kien Nguyen et al, “Low-Power Direct Conversion Transceiver
for 915 MHz Band IEEE 802.15.4b Standard Based on 0.18 um CMOS
Technology,” ETRI Journal, vol.30, no.1, pp.33-46, Feb. 2008.
[17] Ki Chool Yang and Sun Young Kim, “Automatically Standby Power
Cut-Off Plug Socket,” Korea Patent, 0801042 (2008).
[18] Jinsoo Han, Intark Han and Kwang-Roh Park, “ZigBee-based IR
Remote Control Repeater and its Control Message Frame Format,”
Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on Consumer
Electronics, Algarve, Portugal, 14-16 Apr. 2008.
Jinsoo Han received the B.S. degree in Electronic
Engineering from Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, in
1998, and the M.S. degree in Electrical and Electronics
Engineering from KAIST, Daejeon, Korea. In 2000 he
joined the Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute (ETRI). In ETRI he was involved in the
development of optical communication systems,
wavelength division multiplexing transmission systems, and optical networks.
Now he works as a member of engineering staff of home network
technologies group. His current interests are wired & wireless home network
especially system design and development of home server and ZigBee
network.
Haeryong Lee received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in
Robotics from Southern Illinois University, USA, in 1989
and 1992, respectively, and his PhD degree in Computer
Science at ChungNam National University, in 2005. Since
1993, he has been with the Real-Sense Media Convergence
Team at the Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Korea, where he is currently a
Principle Member of Research Staff. His current research interests include
video processing, networked video, multimedia applications, MPEG-4, and
MPEG-21.
Kwang-Roh Park received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in
Electronic Engineering from Kyungpook National University,
Daegu, Korea in 1982 and 1985 respectively, and Ph.D.
degree in Computer and Communication Engineering from
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea in 2002.
He joined Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute in 1984 and has been engaged in the research and
development of digital switching and CDMA mobile system, etc. He is a
leader of U-Computing research department. His research interests are traffic
modeling of mobile system, home network technology and home digital
multimedia services.