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(00530441)
LECTURER IN CHARGE
Dr PETER CALLAGHAN
Fourier analysis of the spectrum gave much insight into problems that could be associated
with EMI in PCB. It was observed that good PCB and circuit design could help reduce or
eliminate the EMI as well as using single ground point in low-frequency applications, single
grounding is more complex in radio frequencies though as it requires a lot of circuitry
consideration.
The spectrum analyzer sought and measured low-level signal while testing the black box in
the Anechoic Chamber. The input noise level is a function of the input signal. The noise floor
was the combination of losses by input attenuator, mixer conversion and so on combined with
generated thermal agitation of various circuit elements both within the black box as well as
Dburst device. Interferences from other devices was minimized in the Anechoic Chamber, by
performing the experiment in a controlled room, relatively this shows how the systems
behaves in the real world without interference from other devices. The device is expected to
perform a bit below what was seen due to susceptible noises and interference it will picked up
when exposed to other devices around. In the PCB experiment, the thermal agitation of the
mounted components coupled with the clock frequency to give real time information about
the circuit operation on the DSO, more so different load situation was observed on the PCB
test using external load captured in appendix . The result obtained from ISIS Fourier analysis
gave fine and stable distortion spectrum.
Noise distortion was high in the data PCB lab result, there were spikes and different peaks
were noticed, but in ISIS, the lower peak stays the same without going down that much. ISIS
can not been seen as a reliable instrument because it is a controlled environment that is not
affected by disturbances by environmental impact.
Appendix A
Figure A6: Time Signal using transient analysis of circuit in Fig. A1 with circuit closed.
Appendix B
Figure B4: Time wave capture of External Source at ‘1 Kohms’ of DBURST Fig. A7.
Figure B5: Time Wave Capture of External Source ‘data’ DBURST Fig A7.
Appendix C
At frequency of At frequency of
Position 433MHz 867MHz
Power (W) Power (W)
1 1.0232E-08 3.6307E-11
2 7.4131E-09 2.4547E-10
3 6.1659E-09 5.1286E-10
4 9.1201E-08 1.5848E-10
5 1.8620E-08 3.0199E-10
6 5.6234E-09 4.1686E-10
Calculating the radiated EMI in field strength at 10m from the electrical black box using
antenna gain of 6 and 8 at a frequency of 433MHz and 867MHz respectively
= 4.87 X
= 3.54 X
= 2.94 X
= 4.35 X
= 8.88 X
= 2.68 X
= 2.31 X
= 1.56 X
= 3.26 X
= 1.00 X
= 1.92 X
= 2.65 X
At frequency of At frequency of
433MHz 867MHz
Field strength Field strength
Position
1 4.87E-11 2.31E-13
2 3.54E-11 1.56E-12
3 2.94E-11 3.26E-12
4 4.35E-10 1.00E-12
5 8.88E-11 1.92E-12
6 2.68E-11 2.65E-12